1、考点十二词性转换限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1My English improved a lot; more importantly, I gained much _ (confident). 答案：confidence句意：我的英语提高了许多；更重要的是，我的自信心增强了不少。句中的much为限定词，后应接名词，作宾语。根据派生法规则，confident的名词形式为confidence。2Smoking during pregnancy _ (danger) your babys life.答案：will endanger句意：孕期抽烟会危及胎儿生命。句中所填词应为谓语动词，意为“危及”；根
2、据派生词构词法规则，可在名词前加前缀en，转化为相应意义的动词，即endanger；另外，本句表示叙述在某种情况下有可能发生的事，应用情态动词will，故填will endanger。3It was a _ (fog) cold morning when he set off for the remote village.答案：foggy句意：在一个寒冷的起雾的上午，他向那个遥远的村庄进发了。句中所填词修饰morning，作定语。根据派生法规则，fog的形容词形式为foggy。4People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back
3、to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _ (use)答案：useless句意：对于重返学校，人们当然有各种理由，但是有一点需要知道的重要的事是，知识是有用的。所填词涉及否定意义的后缀：名词less构成形容词。所填词作系动词is的表语，且根据语境，此处应填表示否定意义的形容词，构成双重否定。useless “无用的”。5The _ (protect) and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects all the p
4、eople and economic development throughout the world.答案：protection句意：人类环境的保护和改善是一个影响全世界人民和经济发展的大问题。根据“and improvement”可知，所填词为protect的名词形式。根据派生法规则，在protect后加后缀ion变为名词。6The meeting supposed to be _ (success) turned out to be a failure in the end. 答案：successful句意：那场本应该成功的会议最终被证明是失败的。所填词作be的表语，应填形容词。根据派生
5、法规则，在success后加后缀ful，构成形容词。7Customs officials _ (cover) a plot to smuggle weapons into the country.答案：uncovered句意：海关官员发现了一个走私武器入境的阴谋。句中所填词应为谓语动词，根据后面的宾语a plot可知，此处应表示“发现，揭露”；根据派生词构词法规则，在动词前加前缀un，转化为相反意义的动词，故填uncovered。8Ann will be remembered for her ability and her _ (warm). 答案：warmth句意：安因为她的能力和热情友好，
6、将被铭记。所填词位于形容词性物主代词her之后，应填名词。根据派生法规则可知warm的名词形式，即在词尾加后缀th。9The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, making air conditioning _ (necessary)答案：unnecessary句意：凉爽的风吹过卧室的窗户，使得空调都没有必要了。所填词在句中作宾语补足语，应填形容词，根据语境可知，此处表示“没有必要的”；根据派生词构词法的规则，可在形容词前加表示“没有，不”的前缀un，故填unnecessary，意为“没有必要的”。10It has a highly
7、 _ (regular) shape, covered with bumps and indentations.答案：irregular句意：它的外形极不规则，满是凸块和凹陷。句中为形容词作定语，修饰名词shape，根据后面的过去分词短语可知，所填词表示“不规则的”；根据派生词构词法规则，在形容词前加前缀ir，转化为相反意义的形容词，故填irregular。11It is _ (legal) to sell tobacco to someone under 16.答案：illegal句意：出售烟草给16岁以下者是非法的。所填词在句中作表语，且根据“to someone under 16”可知，
8、此处表示“非法的”。根据派生法规则，应加前缀il。12Extracurricular activities _ (able) the students to know how to apply the knowledge learned in the textbooks.答案：enable句意：课外活动可以使学生们知道怎样运用在课本上学到的知识。所填词在句中作谓语动词，根据派生法规则，able的动词形式需要在词首加前缀en即可，enable 意为“使能够”。13You can rely on him because he is quite _ (rely)答案：reliable所填词用在系动词
9、is后，作表语，根据句中的“rely on him”可知，所填词表示“值得信赖的”，根据派生法规则，rely的形容词形式需要将字母y改为i，再加后缀able。14People on welfare are wrongly seen as lazy or _ (honest)答案：dishonest句意：靠福利救济的人被误认为懒惰或不诚实。根据语境可知，应填形容词，并表示否定意义，即 “不诚实的”；根据派生法规则，只需在词首加前缀dis。15You may find to your _ (amaze) that there is more kindness in your community t
10、han you ever believe possible.答案：amazement句意：你可能会惊奇地发现，在你的社区，洋溢着难以置信的友爱。所填词位于your之后，应用名词形式；根据派生法规则，只需在词尾加后缀ment即可变为名词。16I cannot control my body well. My legs become _ (pain)答案：painful句意：我无法很好地掌控我的身体。我的双腿变得疼痛。所填词位于连系动词之后，应用形容词作表语；根据派生法规则，只需在词尾加后缀ful即可构成painful “疼痛的”。17Late last year the Thompsons to
11、ok part in a television documentary (纪录片) to prove that not all gifted children are the result of extremely _ (ambition) parents.答案：ambitious根据空格位置，后面是名词parents，应该使用形容词作定语，故填ambitious。18Under her _ (encourage), I would spend hours burying myself in novels, even if my friends just laughed at me.答案：en
12、couragement句意：在她的鼓励下我总会花几个小时埋头看小说，即使朋友们嘲笑我。这里需用名词，指的是“在她的鼓励下”。19The _ (grow) number of Chinese tourists traveling to Spain has in recent years offered opportunities for local companies.答案：growing该空格处后面的词“number”是名词，名词受形容词修饰限制，grow为动词，动词转化为形容词时，常用v.ing表示主动进行，v.ed表示被动完成。此处表示大量中国游客去西班牙旅行，这个数量一直在增长中，表示进
13、行，故答案为growing。20China has once again showed its ability to change the world with its “new four great _ (invent)”答案：inventions句意：中国用“新四大发明”再次展示了改变世界的能力。前面有形容词性物主代词修饰，且作介词的宾语，故这里用名词形式invention，且为可数名词，故用复数形式。21I _ (firm) believed I could learn lots of words, phrases, translation skills, news stories an
14、d even amazing knowledge by reading it.答案：firmly空格后的believed为动词，动词受副词修饰，故答案为firmly。22In most _ (develop) countries, like America and the Great Britain, teaching is a profession.答案：developed句意：在美国和英国等发达国家中，教书是一种专业。develop的形容词变体有developing “发展中的”和developed “发达的”两种形式，句中修饰美国和英国，故答案应为developed。23_ (luck)
15、, native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.答案：Luckily句意：庆幸的是，英语为母语者能够彼此理解，即使他们不讲同一种类的英语。所填词修饰整个句子，因此使用副词，故答案为Luckily。24Being _ (happy) is like an infectious disease. It causes people to stay away from the sufferer.答案：unhappy句意：不快乐就像传染病一样，会使得人
16、们对于不快乐的人退避三舍。根据此空后面的“like an infectious disease (像一个传染病一样)”可知，此处应该使用happy的反义词，故填unhappy。25She carried her left arm at an awkward angle, as if it were causing her _ (comfort)答案：discomfort句意：她的左胳膊很不自然地抬着，好像它让她不舒服似的。设空处前有形容词性物主代词修饰，所以用名词。由句意可知用discomfort“不舒服”。26It was _ (extreme) difficult to build suc
17、h a wall in the ancient days without any modern machines.答案：extremely此空并不是系动词was后的表语，作表语的是difficult，空格处所填词修饰difficult，故填副词。27Your ideas are very interesting, but we need _ (practice) suggestions to get us out of trouble.答案：practical此处表示“可是我们需要切实可行的建议帮我们脱离困境”，故用practice的形容词形式practical。28Try to unders
18、tand whats actually happening instead of acting on the_ (assume) youve made.答案：assumption句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。前面是定冠词the，后面跟名词形式，故填assumption。29Alice, the sales manager of the company, is doing a course to _ (sharp) her business skills.答案：sharpen句意：这家公司的销售经理Alice正在学习一门课程来提高她的业务技能。sharpen “加强
19、，提高”，不定式在此作目的状语。30A television series is fast gaining its wordofmouth _ (popular) among not only Chinese households but also some foreigners. 答案：popularity根据空格位置，前面有形容词性物主代词its和wordofmouth，后面应该为名词。popular为形容词，它的名词变化为后面加ity，故填popularity。二、单句改错1The teachers in our school are all kind and helpfully._答案
20、：helpfullyhelpful本句中，系动词are后应接形容词作表语。由派生法规则可知，ful可作形容词的后缀，而ly为副词的后缀，故将helpfully改为helpful。2That little act of kind made everyone who saw it feel goodbut it made me feel the best of all!_答案：kindkindness本句中，介词of后应该接名词；根据派生法规则，在形容词后加后缀ness可变为相应意义的名词，故将kind改为kindness，act of kindness意为“善举”。3As far as I am
21、 concerned, my suggest is that we should always have a notebook and a ChineseEnglish dictionary within easy reach._答案：suggestsuggestion本句中，系动词is前的名词短语作主语，且my后应接名词；根据派生法规则，在动词后加后缀ion，可变为相应意义的名词，故将suggest改为suggestion。4If you deep your knowledge or understanding of a subject, you will learn more about
22、it and become more interested in it._答案：deepdeepen本句中，从句中应用实义动词作谓语；根据派生法规则，在形容词后加后缀en，可变为相应意义的动词。故将deep改为deepen。5A lot of people became homely owing to the terrible earthquake._答案：homelyhomeless本句中，became为连系动词，后应接形容词作表语，且根据语境可知，此处应接表示否定意义的形容词；根据派生法规则，在名词后加后缀less，可变为表示否定意义的形容词。故将homely改为homeless。6The
23、 good working conditions in this company are attract. _答案：attractattractive本句中，应用形容词作are的表语，描述该公司的工作条件吸引人；根据派生法规则，在动词后加后缀ive，可变为相应意义的形容词。故将attract改为attractive。7Try your best to memory these new words. _答案：memorymemorize本句中，to是动词不定式符号，后接动词原形，构成不定式短语，表示目的；根据派生法规则，ize可作为动词的后缀。以y结尾的，去掉y，再加ize，故将memory改为
24、memorize。8My close friend Jack understood me, which made me upset. _答案：understoodmisunderstood根据句中的非限制性定语从句可知，“我”很伤感的原因是朋友误会了“我”。根据派生法规则，在动词前加前缀mis可变为表示相反意义的词。故将understood改为misunderstood。9I dont think it a reason practice for them to behave that way in our society. _答案：reasonreasonable本句中，修饰名词practi
25、ce，应用形容词作定语。根据派生法规则，在名词后加后缀able，可变为相应意义的形容词。故将reason改为reasonable。10After waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently._答案：impatientlyimpatient句意：等了半个小时后我开始变得不耐烦了。get为系动词，后接形容词，故将构成副词的后缀ly去掉。11Unfortunate, I wont be able to meet you at the airport because I have classes in the a
26、fternoon._答案：UnfortunateUnfortunately位于句首修饰整个句子应用副词。12If you feel nervous or stress, try to do some relaxation exercises like deep breathing._答案：stressstressed句意：如果你感到紧张或有压力，试着做一些放松练习，比如深呼吸。stressed意为“感到有压力的”。13She found someone was following her, so she felt very frightening._答案：frighteningfrighten
27、ed句意：她发现有人在尾随她，所以她感到非常害怕。描述人的心理感受应该用ed结尾的形容词。14It is our belief to further expand markets and be satisfied with existing achievements._答案：satisfieddissatisfied句意：进一步开拓市场，不满足于现有成绩是我们的信念。 根据上文“开拓市场”，说明“不满足于现有成绩”。15What makes qigong special is that it can be done lying, sitting, or standing; thus it is
28、 access to disabled persons, seniors, and people recovering from injuries. _答案：accessaccessible句意：气功的特殊之处在于它可以躺着、坐着或站着去做。所以残疾人、老年人和伤后恢复的人都可以做。系动词is之后应用形容词作表语，故将access改为形容词accessible，其意为“易接近的；容易理解的”。构词法(一)英语中的构词法主要可以分为派生法、合成法和转化法。正确运用构词法知识，有助于学生辨识阅读中遇到的生词的能力，更有助于考生解答语法填空和短文改错题中关于词性转换的设题。一、名词的后缀 1动词io
29、n/tion/ation/sion(表示动作或动作过程)名词correctcorrection 纠正；改正expectexpectation 期望 considerconsideration 考虑concludeconclusion 结论 2动词er/or/ee/ar/ess/ian/ist(表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人，即具体表示某种“人”)名词conductconductor 指挥；售票员teachteacher 教师lieliar 说谎者employemployee 员工artartist 艺术家musicmusician 音乐家3动词ment(表示行为状态、过程、手段或结果)名词
30、punishpunishment 惩罚achieveachievement 成就 4动词/形容词th名词warmwarmth 温暖；热情 5形容词 y/ty/ity名词 honesthonesty 诚实cruelcruelty 残忍 responsibleresponsibility责任6形容词ness(表示状态或性质)名词carelesscarelessness 粗心 7动词ance/ence名词performperformance 表演；业绩preferpreference 偏爱8名词ship(表示身份、关系或资格)名词membermembership 成员；会员 9动词ure/ture名
31、词failfailure 失败 mixmixture 混合物10形容词dom名词freefreedom 自由 11动词al名词arrivearrival 到达12名词ful名词mouthmouthful 一口；一满口(的量)handhandful 一把；一把的量二、形容词的前缀与后缀 1名词al(表示“有属性”或“与有关”)形容词 agricultureagricultural 农业的nationnational 国家的 2动词/名词able/ible形容词 acceptacceptable 可接受的 accessaccessible 容易达到的3动词ive形容词actactive 积极的in
32、structinstructive 具有教育意义的 4名词ful形容词 carecareful 仔细的；认真的 5名词y/ly形容词 wealthwealthy 富裕的friendfriendly 友好的 6名词ous形容词dangerdangerous 危险的mountainmountainous 多山的7以some结尾的形容词tiretiresome 令人厌烦的 8以a为首构成的形容词livealive 活(着)的wakeawake 醒着的三、动词的前缀与后缀 1前缀en 形容词动词richenrich 使丰富largeenlarge 变大；扩大2前缀en名词动词dangerendange
33、r 危及；危害courageencourage 鼓励3形容词/名词后缀en动词shortshorten 缩短sharpsharpen 使尖锐 4以ify结尾的动词simplesimplify 使简化beautybeautify 使美化5以ize结尾的动词realrealize 意识到memorymemorize 识记；记忆四、副词的后缀 变化形式例词直接加ly(表示以某种方式)slowslowly 缓慢地extremeextremely 极端以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，改y为i，加ly happyhappily 高兴地merrymerrily 快乐地去e加lytruetruly 真正地以le结尾
34、的形容词去e加ysimplesimply简单地gentlegently温柔地五、表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀1表示否定或相反意义的前缀(1)un/dis/in/im/ir/il/non 不，非 ableunable 不能够coveruncover 揭露honestdishonest不诚实的activeinactive 不活跃的 patientimpatient 不耐烦的regularirregular 不规则的 logicalillogical 不合逻辑的 (2)mis 错误地leadmislead 误导 2less表示否定或相反意义的后缀useuseless 无用的 hopehopeles
35、s 毫无希望的限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1(2020安徽省黄山市屯溪第一中学高三月考)Those who ate seven ounces or more of red or processed meat dailyor got the _ (major) of their protein from meathad a 23 percent higher risk of premature death, according to Science Daily.答案：majority该空格前有the，后有介词of，因此需用名词形式majority。2(2020安徽省六校教育研究会高三第一次素质测
36、试)Check out course and program _ (describe), reviews of professors, and sit in on some classes if youre able to visit campus.答案：descriptions句意：查看课程和项目描述，教授的评论，如果你能参观校园，可以旁听一些课程。结合句意可知此处应用名词，description可作可数名词，前面没有限定词，故用复数形式。故答案为descriptions。3(2020湖北省孝感市第一中学高三年级月考)They _ (accident) found out that soil
37、 does not only attract fat, it could also stop fat from being absorbed into the body and round the digestive system.答案：accidentally分析句子可知，修饰动词“found out”应用副词，故填accidentally。4(2020湖南师范大学附属中学高三摸底考试)So music wasnt really _ (entertain), but a means for musicians to accomplish political and social goals.
38、答案：entertainment空格处对应后面的“a means”，应填名词形式，故填entertainment。5(2020天一大联考皖豫联盟体高三上学期第一次考试)The evolution is what has led to the present _ (appear) of the kiwi bird.答案：appearance此处表示“外观”，present在句中为形容词，因此空格处应填名词形式。6(2020广西柳州市高三上学期摸底考试)People who have breakfast are more likely to lose _ (weigh) than those wh
39、o dont eat a morning meal.答案：weightlose weight固定短语，“减肥”，故填weight。7(2019深圳耀华实验学校月考)Life is just a blank clothyou can paint a beautiful scene, or you can paint black ghosts (鬼) and _ (danger) people.答案：dangerous修饰后面的名词people，使用形容词作定语，指危险的人们。8(2019山西大学附中高三模块诊断)How would you feel if you woke up and foun
40、d your entire computers contentsincluding your photos, your recent documentsno longer _ (access)?答案：accessible此处是“findsb./sth.adj.”结构，意为“发现某人(物)”。形容词作宾语补足语，所以填accessible。9(2019全国卷)I guess that theres probably some _ (demand) work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown
41、sport.答案：demanding空格处需要填形容词，修饰名词work schedule，demanding “要求高的；需要高技能(或耐性等)的；费力的”。10(2019天津高考)And Ive found that the possibilities that lie within books are _ (limit)答案：limitless句意：我发现读书可以带给我们的东西是无限的。故填形容词形式limitless。11(2018全国卷)The most _ (hope) data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parent
42、s serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. 答案：hopeful句意：报告中所分享的最令人鼓舞的数据是：在阅读方面，父母是孩子的榜样和重要的楷模。使用形容词，修饰后面的名词data，作定语。12(2018全国卷)The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold _ (discover
43、) in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.答案：discoveries句意：城里到处都是不想安家定居的失望的人们，并且当他们听说在阿拉斯加发现了金子的时候，他们像来的时候那样，迅速地离开了道森城。结合前面的“new gold”可知，后面跟名词形式，根据were是复数可知填discoveries。13(2018天津高考)Despite recent _ (advance) in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome.答案：ad
44、vancements结合前面的形容词“recent”可知，后面跟名词，故填advancements。14(2018浙江高考)Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your _ (healthy) but in your pocket.答案：health句意：烹饪食物是一件有趣的事。你可能开始注意到它对你的健康和你的钱包的影响。根据前面的形容词性物主代词your可知，后面跟名词，故填health。15(2018天津高考)Being the coach of the new t
45、eam, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my _ (disappoint) we were defeated.答案：disappointment句意：作为新队的教练，我非常兴奋，因为我知道我们队要赢，但是令我失望的是，我们输了。根据空格前的my可知，应填名词形式，故填disappointment。16(2018江苏高考)The sustainable success of small farmers, though, wont happen without _ (fundament) changes to t
46、he industry.答案：fundamental句意：不过，如果产业没有发生基本变化的话，小农场主的可持续发展不会发生。结合后面的名词changes可知，前面使用形容词作定语。17(2018全国卷)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to _ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. 答案：strengthen在不定式符号to后面用动词原形。18(2018天津高考)The _ (possible)
47、 that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.答案：possibility定冠词the后面接名词，故填possibility。19(2017全国卷)However, be _ (care) not to go to extremes.答案：careful句意：然而，谨防走极端。动词be后应接形容词作表语；根据派生法规则，在名词后加后缀ful，可转换为形容词，故填careful。20(2017全国卷)Steam engin
48、es were used to pull the carriages and it must have been _ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.答案：fairly句意：那时候，使用蒸汽机牵引车厢，乘客们肯定会因为烟和噪音而极为不舒服。所填词修饰后面的形容词unpleasant，应用副词；根据派生法规则，在形容词后加后缀ly，可转换为相应意义的副词。故填fairly，意为“相当地”。21(2017全国卷)This development was only possible with the
49、 _ (introduce) of the electricpowered engines and lifts.答案：introduction句意：只有随着电力机车和升降机的引进，这种发展才有可能。所填词位于定冠词the之后，of之前，应填名词形式；根据派生词规则，可在动词后加后缀tion，变为相应意义的名词，故填introduction。22(2017全国卷)The Central London Railway was one of the most _ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.答案：successful句意：
50、中部伦敦地铁是这些新线路中最成功的线路之一，在1900年开放营运。所填词位于表示最高级的“the most”之后，应填形容词；根据派生词的构成规则，可在名词后加后缀ful，构成相应意义的形容词，故填successful，意为“成功的”。23(2017全国卷)She is determined to carry on with her _ (educate)答案：education句意：她决心继续接受教育。所填词位于形容词性物主代词her之后，应填名词作宾语；根据派生词的构词规则，可在动词后加后缀ion，构成相应意义的名词，故填education。24(2017全国卷)It is _ (cert
51、ain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.答案：certainly句意：这的确有趣，但这种生活方式有一点不真实。所填词在句子中修饰形容词fun，应用副词形式；根据派生词的构词规则，可在形容词后加后缀ly，构成相应意义的副词。25(2017天津高考)The hospital has recently obtained new medical _ (equip), allowing more patients to be treated. 答案：equipment句意：这家医院近来已经获得了新的医疗设备，使得更多的病人可以获得救治。所填词位于形容词
52、new medical之后，应填名词；根据派生词转化规则，在动词后加后缀ment可转化为相应意义的名词，故填equipment。 26(2017天津高考) I had a very poor _ (relation) with food: I used it to kill bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate.答案：relationship句意：我与食物的关系很不和谐：我利用它来消除糟糕的心情，让我自己感觉更好，并且用食物来庆祝。所填词涉及名词转化为名词的后缀：ship。故填relationship，意为“(抽象
53、的或内在的)关系”。27(2017浙江高考)Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a _ (hand) of small carrots and was about to throw them away. 答案：handful句意：去年十月，Lena Pahlsson 在照料她位于瑞典莫拉的花园时，她拔出一把小胡萝卜，并且打算把它们扔掉。所填词位于冠词a之后，应填名词；根据派生词构词法规则，在名词后加后缀ful可转化为相应意义的名词，故填handful，意为“一把”。28
54、(2017浙江高考)But something made her look closer, and she noticed a _ (shine) object. 答案：shiny/shining句意：但是某样东西让她凑近了看，并且她注意到了一个闪光的物体。所填词位于冠词a之后，名词object之前，应填形容词；根据派生词构成规则，可在动词后加后缀y/ing构成形容词，故填shiny/shining。29(2017江苏高考)Were it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her _ (dif
55、ficult)答案：difficulty句意：如果没有老师们的支持，这名学生不可能战胜困难。所填词位于形容词性物主代词her之后，应填名词；根据派生词构词规则，可在形容词之后加后缀y，转化为相应意义的名词，故填difficulty。30(2017江苏高考)The publication of Great Expectations, which was both widely reviewed and highly praised, _ (strength) Dickens status as a leading novelist. 答案：strengthened句意：伟大前程这部小说的出版发行
56、受到各界的评论和高度赞扬，它巩固了狄更斯作为顶尖小说家的地位。所填词作句子的谓语；根据派生词构词法规则，可在名词后面加后缀en，转化为相应意义的动词，且本句描述过去的事实，故填strengthened。二、 单句改错1(2020内蒙古杭锦后旗奋斗中学高三上学期第一次月考)In the picture, I can be seen delicate performing Erhu._答案：delicatedelicately句意：在这幅画中，我可以看到我正在优美地演奏二胡。此处是副词修饰动词，故把delicate改成delicately。2(2020黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学高三上学期开学检测
57、)The pill is planned to be taken immediately after a frightened experience._答案：frightenedfrighteninga frightening experience “一次令人害怕的经历”。3(2020山西省祁县中学高三月考)Flowers are the main attract of any type of decoration and in the same way respect is the beauty of life._答案：attractattraction根据 main 可推知，此处应填一个名
58、词，故用名词形式attraction。4(2020甘肃省会宁县第一中学高三上学期第一次月考)It can make us bravely enough to face challenges._答案：bravelybrave本句中enough是副词，应修饰形容词brave，故将bravely改为brave。5(2020广西柳州市高三上学期英语摸底考试)Also, coffee drunk on an empty stomach is not recommended because it can be harmless to your body._答案：harmlessharmful句意：而且，不
59、建议空腹喝咖啡，因为这对身体有害。故将harmless改为harmful。6(2020黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学高三上学期开学检测)The pill can help to reduce many sufferance._答案：sufferancesufferings句意：这种药丸有助于减轻许多痛苦。sufferance “容许；忍耐”；suffering “痛苦；苦恼”。根据句意可知，应将sufferance改为sufferings。7(2019北京高考)Armed with this knowledge, they are able to carry out individual tar
60、geted campaigns to cheat people._答案：individualindividually本句中individually作副词修饰形容词targeted。8(2019广东省高三“六校联盟”第一次联考)In this fastchanging and compete world, many people are under heavy pressure._答案：competecompetitive句意：在这个快速变化和竞争激烈的世界里，许多人承受着巨大的压力。形容词修饰名词，故将动词compete改为形容词competitive。9(2018全国卷)Morning or
61、 Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for DC. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, DC. in a health way with minimum effort. _答案：healthhealthy句意：无论上午还是下午，无论是初来乍到还是当地居民，如果想要一种健康舒适的方式感受华盛顿，骑车游览都是最佳选择。 根据语境可知，使用形容词修饰后面的way，故将health改为healthy。10(2018全国卷)Its more likely that none
62、 of us start a converse because its awkward and challenging, or we think its annoying and unnecessary._答案：converseconversation句意：我们没有人开始交谈，很可能因为觉得尴尬和具有挑战性，或者我们认为交谈令人感到厌烦和没有必要。结合前面的冠词a可知，后面使用名词，故将converse改为conversation。11(2018全国卷)I keep practicing even when Im extremely tired. I find it hard to stop!
63、 Dancing reminds me Im live._答案：livealive句意：我不断地练习跳舞，甚至当我非常累的时候。我发现很难停下来了。跳舞提醒我还活着。根据前面的系动词am可知，后面跟形容词alive。12(2018北京高考)The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out selfdriving cars, and for companies to operate driver taxi services._答案：driverdriverless句意：这个州已经为公司出售或者出租自动驾驶汽车，并且为
64、公司运营无人驾驶汽车业务清除了道路。结合前面的“selfdriving cars”可知，driver应改为driverless。13(2018江苏高考)Today, scholars have generated large amounts of instruct research about restaurants._答案：instructinstructive句意：如今，学者们关于餐馆进行了大量的有意义的研究。instruct是一个动词，修饰后面的research，需要使用形容词，故将instruct改为instructive。14(2018天津高考)False fire alarms a
65、re illegal and may lead to imprison._答案：imprisonimprisonment句意：错误地使用火警是非法的并且可能导致坐牢。前面lead to中to是介词，后面跟名词作宾语，故将imprison改为imprisonment。15(2018浙江高考)People had been writing novels for a centurymost experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719but nobody wanted to do it profession._答案：professio
66、nprofessionally句意：一个世纪以来，人们一直在写小说很多专家认为第一本小说追溯到1719年的罗宾逊克鲁索但是没有人想把写小说当作专业。修饰前面的do，使用副词，作状语，故将profession改为professionally。构词法(二)六、合成法由两个或两个以上的单词结合组成复合词的构词法，称为合成法。1合成名词newspaper 报纸 daybreak 拂晓blackboard 黑板 necklace 项链flashlight 手电筒 haircut 理发2合成形容词goodlooking 好看的 hardworking 勤奋的freshbaked 新烤的 coldblood
67、ed 冷血的handmade 手工制作的 airsick 晕飞机的bittersweet 苦乐参半的 homesick 想家的 3合成动词broadcast 播送 babysit 看孩子七、转化法把一种词性用作另一种词性，而词形不变的构词法叫作转化法，有的名词可以作动词，有的形容词可以作副词或动词。1动词转化为名词He is a man of strong build. 2名词转化为动词Hand in your papers please. 3形容词转化为动词We will try our best to better our living conditions.4副词转化为动词Murder will out.5形容词转化为名词The girl in black appears very beautiful.
