1、Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab.完形填空(2018全国卷)Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch. Hed moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since Id _1_ seen him. So imagine my _2_ when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.I was _3_！ I arrived early at Byron
2、Bay where we were supposed to _4_. The bay was _5_ in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little _6_， I realized one kayak (皮划艇) was in _7_. “Somethings not _8_！” I took off my Tshirt and _9_ into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a
3、 man lying across the middle. He was _10_ violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors, I helped _11_ the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something _12_ to me. Those brown eyes were very _13_. “Whats his name？” I asked the instructor. “Ben，” he repl
4、ied, and immediately I _14_. That stranger was my son!The instructors called for an ambulance. _15_， after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to _16_ and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben _17_ to me. “I just want to say thank you，”
5、he said. “You _18_ my life！”I still cant believe what a _19_ it was. Im just so glad I was there _20_ to help my son.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者与儿子分离13年后终于和他取得联系，并准备见面。在和儿子见面的地点，作者救了一个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己13年未见的儿子。作者感慨世事难料，认为这种巧合是冥冥之中注定的。1A.also Boften Ceven Dlast答案：D根据上文可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现在已经13年了。由此可以暗示出是上一次见面。las
6、t作副词，意为“上一次”，符合语境。2A.delight Brelief Canger Dworry答案：A根据上下文可知，作者13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子的电子邮件，说要来看望自己。由此可以推知，作者很快乐、开心。delight “高兴，愉快”。故选A项。3A.scared Bshocked Cthrilled Dashamed答案：C根据第一段可知，作者13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子要来拜访自己的电子邮件，肯定是非常兴奋的。thrilled “欣喜若狂的”。故选C项。4A.talk Bstay Cmeet Dsettle答案：C根据上文可知，作者很早就到了拜伦湾，他们应该
7、在那里见面(meet)。5A.bathed Bclean Cdeep Dformed答案：A根据常识可知，海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。be bathed in sunshine是固定搭配，意为“沐浴在阳光中”。6A.faster Bcloser Cheavier Dwiser答案：B根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离得比较近(closer)一点，才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外。故选B项。7A.trouble Badvance Cquestion Dbattle答案：A根据下文中的“I took off my Tshirt and .”和“He was unconscious”可知选trou
8、ble。in trouble “遇到了麻烦”符合语境。in advance “提前”；in question “正被讨论的；被怀疑的”；in battle “在战斗中”。8A.real Bright Cfair Dfit答案：B根据上一句所述有一艘皮划艇遇到了麻烦及下文中的“He was unconscious”可知，作者意识到事情有些不对劲了。right “正常的，情况良好的”。9A.stared Bsank Cdived Dfell答案：C根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文作者去帮忙救人可知，作者脱掉T恤衫，跳入水中。dive “潜水，跳水”，符合语境。10A.arguing Bfighting
9、Cshouting Dshaking答案：D此处描写了Ben落水后失去意识的状况：他剧烈地颤抖(shaking)。故选D项。11A.lead Bpersuade Ccarry Dkeep答案：C根据前面的“Linking arms with”可知，作者和一个教练双臂相挽，帮着把那个年轻人带出水面。carry “把带至”。12A.happened Boccurred Capplied Dappealed答案：B作者看了看这个年轻人的面孔，接着问起了他的名字，因此可推测此时作者应是想起了什么。something occurred to sb.表示“某人突然想起某事”。happen to “(某事)
10、发生(在某人身上)”；apply to “向提出申请，适用于；应用于”；appeal to sb. “对某人有吸引力，恳求某人”。13A.sharp Bpleasant Cattractive Dfamiliar答案：D根据后句作者询问教练落水者的姓名，以及第二段最后一句“That stranger was my son！”可知，familiar “熟悉的”，符合语境。14A.agreed Bhesitated Cdoubted Dknew答案：D根据第一段第一句中的“Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben”和第二段中教练的回答：“Ben，”可知，作者马上就明白了(kne
11、w)(眼前这个年轻人就是自己的儿子)。15A.Fortunately BFranklyCSadly DSuddenly答案：A根据下文的“well enough to be allowed .”可知，幸运的是(fortunately)，在医院经过短暂休息后，Ben恢复得很好，被允许出院。16A.return Brelax Cspeak Dleave答案：D由语境可知，Ben恢复得很好，被允许离开(leave)医院。17A.joked Bturned Clistened Dpointed答案：B根据下文的“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben转向作者向他道谢。t
12、urn “转向(某人)，转过头来”，符合语境。18A.created Bhonored Csaved Dguided答案：C根据上文“I helped _11_ the young man out of the water”可知，作者挽救了这位年轻人的生命。故选C项。19A.coincidence Bchange Cpity Dpain答案：A这是作者的一次偶然救人的经历，没想到救助的是打算和自己见面的分别已久的儿子，这纯属巧合，因此选coincidence。20A.on board Bin timeCfor sure Don purpose答案：B作者为了和自己的儿子见面，早早地赶到了见面的
13、地点，没想到看到了意外事故，更没想到会及时地从水中救出了自己的儿子。因此in time “及时”，符合语境。.阅读理解A(2017全国卷)A buildityourself solar still (蒸馏器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the US Department of Agriculture, its an excellent water collector
14、. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since its all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5 5 sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a containerperhaps just a drinking cupto catch the water
15、. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the_water_catchers productivity. Place your cup in the deepest pa
16、rt of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs upand outthe side of the hole.Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheets center down with a rock. The plastic s
17、hould now form a cone (圆锥体) with 45degreeangled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of
18、 water form, run down the material, and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and wont have to break down the still every time you need a drink.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了太阳能蒸馏器的制作过程和工作原理。1What do we know about the solar still equipment from th
19、e first paragraph?AIts delicate. BIts expensive.CIts complex. DIts portable.答案：D推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，这些东西可以折叠成一个整齐的小包裹系在腰带上，由此可知这一太阳能蒸馏器装置是“轻便的”。故选D。2What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AThe tube. BThe still.CThe hole. DThe cup.答案：B指代判断题。根据第二段中的描述可知，要制作一个可工作的蒸馏器，
20、需要挖一个四英尺宽、三英尺深的洞，而且要尽量在潮湿的地方挖洞来增加蒸馏器的出水量。故选B。3What is the last step of constructing a working solar still?ADig a hole of a certain size.BPut the cup in place.CWeight the sheets center down.DCover the hole with the plastic sheet.答案：C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“. weighting the sheets center down with a rock”可知
21、，最后一步是把一块石头压在塑料薄膜的中间。故选C。4When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup from_.Athe plastic tube Boutside the holeCthe open air Dbeneath the sheet答案：D细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，地下水蒸发并积聚在塑料薄膜上直至形成小水滴，然后滴落到杯子里。故选D。B(2019全国卷)Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.A team of researchers trained three Rh
22、esus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 025 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combinedor addedthe symbols to get the reward.Heres how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone,
23、who led the team, described the experiment：In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end wo
24、uld have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice；if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers17 in this example.After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys wou
25、ld go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate (低估) a sum compared with
26、 a single symbol when the two were close in valuesometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic：When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction (小部分) of the smaller number to it.“Th
27、is indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains，” Dr Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what theyre doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛医学院做的一项动物实验，实验发现猴子能进行基本的加法运算，但加的结果有时会小于总和。5What did the researchers d
28、o to the monkeys before testing them?AThey fed them. BThey named them.CThey trained them. DThey measured them.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，研究者们是先训练猴子然后才进行测试的，故选C项。6How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?ABy drawing a circle. BBy touching a screen.CBy watching videos. DBy mixing two drinks.答案：
29、B细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，猴子们是通过触碰屏幕得到奖励的，故选B项。7What did Livingstones team find about the monkeys?AThey could perform basic addition.BThey could understand simple words.CThey could memorize numbers easily.DThey could hold their attention for long.答案：A细节理解题。根据第四段可知，研究人员在进行了数百次测试后发现，猴子多半时候会选择更高的值，这表明它们是在进行计算
30、，而不仅仅是记忆每个组合的值。8In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?AEntertainment. BHealth.CEducation. DScience.答案：D推理判断题。全文围绕科学实验展开研究者训练猴子并对其进行测试后发现猴子能够进行简单的加法运算，但有时计算的结果不够精确。由此可推知，该文章可能出现在报纸的科学版上。.短文改错(2020成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)One Saturday morning, I suddenly noticed my room was a completely mess, what
31、really annoyed me. I realized too many useful things took up a lot of space. So I decided to throw it away and do some cleaning. It took me a whole day get all the works done. Finally the room was tidy again and everything was in the order.This was also true for life: we add more and more to our lif
32、e, hoped to get a better life. But sometimes the more we add, the bad our life becomes. After all, sometimes less is more.答案：1第一句：completelycomplete考查形容词。mess是名词，其前应用形容词修饰。2第一句：whatwhich考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词为前面的“my room . mess”，故用which来引导。3第二句：usefuluseless考查形容词。根据上文中的“I su
33、ddenly noticed . mess”可知，“我”突然注意到“我”的房间杂乱无章，故此处应是“我”意识到太多无用的东西占据了许多空间。4第三句：itthem考查代词。此处指代上文中的“things”，为复数概念，故把it改为them。5第四句：day后加to考查固定用法。it takes sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型，在此句型中it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式。6第四句：workswork考查名词。work此处意为“工作”，是不可数名词，故把works改为work。7第五句：去掉the考查固定短语。in order是固定短语，意为“有条理”。8第六句：wasis考查动词的时态。此处描述客观事实，故用一般现在时。9第七句：hopedhoping考查非谓语动词。动词hope与其逻辑主语we是主动关系，故用其现在分词形式作伴随状语。10第七句：badworse考查形容词的比较级。句意：但是有时我们添加得越多，我们的生活就变得越糟糕。“the比较级，the比较级”是固定句型，意为“越越”。
