1、Period TwoLanguage in Use一、very1.作形容词(1)表示“真的；实在的；真正的；绝对的”real, true, genuine, sheer。On hearing that his son had been admitted to Peking University, Mr. Li cried for very joy. 一听说他儿子被北京大学录取了，李先生喜极而泣。(2)very和the/this/that/my/your/his连用，表示“正(是)；就(是)；仅仅”just, exactly, even, mere。She and Darcy, the man
2、she eventually marries, remain separated until the very end of the story.一直到故事结尾她才和达西喜结连理。This city was liberated this very day fifty years ago. 这个城市正是在50年前的今天解放的。Your very presence will give them great encouragement.只要你到场就会给他们很大的鼓舞。(3)very可以修饰作名词用的many, few, little，表示“非常的，极”的意思。Very many took part
3、in the droughtresisting struggle.非常多的人参加了抗旱战斗。Very few were interested in Van Goghs painting while he was alive. 凡高活着的时候很少有人对他的作品感兴趣。Give me only a very little. 给我一点儿就行了。2.作副词(1)和最高级形容词best, first, last等连用，表示“十分，非常；真正地”等强调意味。You must drink the medicine to the very last drop. 你必须把这药全部喝下去。Ill do the v
4、ery best I can to help him. 我要尽全力帮助他。(2)修饰same, opposite等词，表示完全一样或完全相反。He used the very same tool as I did. 他用了和我完全一样的工具。Thats the very opposite of what I mean. 那和我的意思完全相反。(3)用在ones very own的结构里，表示“绝对是某人自己的”的意思。The fault is your very own. 这完全是你自己的过错。二、most1.用作代词(1)意为“最大多数；最大量”。This camera seemed to
5、offer the most at the best price. 这台照相机物美价廉。(2)意为“大多数；大部分”(作此义时不加定冠词)。Most of North and South China will have a cold wet day. 华北、华南大部分地区将寒冷、有雨。Most of the people live in their own houses. 大部分人居住在自己的家里。2.用作形容词(1)是many，much的最高级，意为“最多的；最高程度的”。I want to learn how to get the most corn and wheat from each
6、 field.我想学习如何从每块田地收获最高产量的玉米和小麦。Which city has the most people? 哪个城市人最多？(2)意为“多数的；大部分的”(作此义时不加定冠词)。Most exercises in this book are easy.这本书中的大部分练习都比较简单。In winter it is very cold in most parts of China.冬天，中国的大部分地区很冷。3.用作副词(1)是much的最高级，常与两个音节以上的形容词或副词连用构成其最高级，意为“最”。Xiamen is one of the most beautiful c
7、ities in the world.厦门是世界上最美丽的城市之一。Which language is the most widely used in the world?哪一种语言在世界上使用最广泛？(2)修饰动词，但不放在动词和其宾语之间。Which of these would you most like to own? 这些你最喜欢拥有哪一个？What activity do you like most? 你最喜欢什么活动？三、in1.作副词(1)(信件等)投递到，收到delivered to the destination, receivedApplications must be
8、in by May 30.申请书必须在5月30日前交来。(2)时髦；入时；流行fashionable; popularMiniskirts are in again. 超短裙又时兴了。(3)(指水果、鱼等)上市，可买到on sale or obtainableStrawberries have been in. 草莓已经上市了。(4)当选；执政elected to officeLabour came in after the war. 战后工党开始执政。2.作介词(1)表示“在方面”。in width, in length, in weight, in shape, in tax, in nu
9、mber, in politics, in every way, in capacity, in size, in quality, etc.(2)表示“依方式，在程度上”。in a crowd成群，in a queue排队，in groups成群地，hand in hand手牵手，in twos or threes三三两两，stand in rows一排排站着，in part 一部分，有几分(3)表示穿戴(衣物等)。in uniform/disguise穿着制服/戴着伪装，in highheeled shoes穿着高跟鞋，in a silk shirt穿着丝绸衬衣，the woman in
10、white穿着白色衣服的女子(4)表示具体的环境、情况等。go out in the rain/sun/cold冒着雨/顶着太阳/冒着寒冷外出(5)表示手段，材料等。in code用密码，in ink用墨水，in pencil用铅笔，in capitals用大写字体(6)表示某人/某物的状态或状况。in order整齐，in a mess乱七八糟，in good repair保养良好，in poor health健康欠佳，in a rage愤怒之中，in anger愤怒地，in poverty在贫困中，in fun开玩笑(7)in在人名前，有“从其身上体现出来”的意思，相当于in the pe
11、rson of。We found a true friend in him. 他才是我们真正的朋友。China lost a great writer in Lu Xun. 鲁迅之死，使中国失去一位伟大的作家。3.词组(l)in a bad humour不高兴，情绪不好You had better not speak to her now; she is in a bad humour. 你现在最好不要和她谈话，她情绪不好。(2)in a bad way情况不好Mr. Smith has cancer and is in a bad way. 史密斯先生得了癌症，而且很严重了。(3)in a
12、high degree非常地He is respected in a high degree. 他非常受人尊敬。(4)in a fix处于为难的境地His car has stuck fast in the mud; he is in a bad fix. 他的车深陷泥中，所以他的处境很糟糕。(5)in company (with)(和)一起He is coming in company with his friends.他和他的朋友一起来。(6)in confidence秘密地，私下里，暗中I cant tell you what she told me in confidence. 我不能
13、告诉你她私下里对我说的事情。(7)in favour of支持，赞成Are you in favour of the proposal? 你赞成这个建议吗？为的利益；有利于Whenever we want to do anything，we should think whether it is in favour of the people. 无论我们要做什么事，都必须考虑它是否有利于人民。四、had1.have的过去式和过去分词。用作实义动词有“有；进行；经受；吃；取得”等许多意义。也可用作助动词，构成疑问句或时态。Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗？She h
14、ad her portrait painted. 她让人给自己画了像。2.had better的意思是“应该，还是好”。You had better cross out the last name. 你最好把最后一个名字划掉。You had better see about rooms for us. 你最好替我们去问问房间。Before reading the book, you had better ask yourself if you have the time. 在读这本书之前，你最好问问自己是否有时间。 五、will除了用于一般将来时以外，will还有以下用法：1.用于第一人称，表
15、示意愿、允诺和决心。I will go if you wish.(表示意愿)如果你希望我去，我就去。Dont worry.I will come back very soon.(表示允诺)别担心，我很快就回来。I will make the pump work, even if I have to stay up all night.(表示决心，will要重读)我即使一夜不睡，也要把这部水泵修好。2.用于第二、三人称，表示一种猜想。You will be Mr. Black, I suppose. 我想，你也许就是布莱克先生。Jack will be wondering where we ar
16、e. 杰克也许会觉得奇怪，我们去哪儿啦。This will be their new house, I suppose. 我想这就是他们的新家了。3.有时用于第二、三人称，表示说话人的命令。You will hand in your papers before the bell rings. 你们要在打铃前交卷。No one will leave his seat before class is over. 没有下课，任何人不得离座。4.用于第二人称的疑问句，表示婉转、客气的请求。Will you post this letter for me, please? 请你帮我寄这封信好吗？ Wil
17、l you keep quiet, please? 请安静一点好吗？5.用于第三人称的否定句，表示一种倾向，意为“总是不，说什么也不”。The door will not lock. 这扇门怎么也锁不上。This car wont start. 这部轿车总是发动不起来。6.用于表示现在的习惯。Whenever in trouble he will always go to his teacher for help. 每当遇到麻烦，他总是找老师求助。She will sit there for hours doing nothing. 她常常在那里坐好几个小时，什么事情都不干。7.表示推测，意为
18、“一定，准是”，与must表示推测的用法相似。That will (must) be the postman at the door now. 现在在门口的那个人准是邮递员。The game will (must) be finished by now. 现在比赛一定结束了。Mary will be waiting at the airport now. 现在玛丽一定正在飞机场等着呢。8.可以用于条件状语从句，表示请求、意愿或固执的坚持。If you will wait a moment, Ill see if Mr. Jones is free. ( Please wait a moment
19、.)If hell listen to me, Ill be able to help him. (If he is willing to listen to me.)If you will behave like that, you will suffer for it. (If you insist on behaving like that.).阅读理解AA book review tells not only what a book is about，but also how successful it is at what it is trying to do.Professors
20、often assign book reviews as practice in careful analytical(分析的)reading.As a reviewer，you bring together the two strands of accurate，analytical reading and strong，personal response when you indicate (指出)what the book is about and what it might mean to a reader (by explaining what it meant to you).In
21、 other words，reviewers answer not only the WHAT but the SO WHAT question about a book.Thus，in writing a review，you combine the skills of describing what is on the page，analyzing how the book tried to achieve its purpose，and expressing your own reactions.Most book reviews start with a heading that in
22、cludes all the basic information about the book，like：Title.Author.Place of publication，publisher，date of publication.Number of pages.Like most pieces of writing，the review usually begins with an introduction that lets your readers know what the review will say.The first paragraph usually includes th
23、e author and title again，so your readers dont have to look up to find this information.You should also include a very brief description of the contents of the book，the purpose or audience for the book，and your reaction and evaluation.Then you move into a section of background information that helps
24、place the book in context and discusses how to judge the book.Next，you should give a summary of the main points，quoting (引用)and explaining key phrases from the author.Finally，you get to the heart of your reviewyour evaluation of the book.In this section，you might discuss some of the following issues
25、：How well the book has achieved its goal.What possibilities are suggested by the book.What the book has left out.How the book compares with others on the subject.What specific points are not convincing.What personal experiences youve had related to the subject.It is important to use labels to carefu
26、lly distinguish your views from the authors，so that you dont confuse your reader.Then，like other essays，you can end with a direct comment on the book，and tie together issues raised in the review in a conclusion.There is，of course，no set form，but a general rule is that the first onehalf to twothirds
27、of the review should summarize the authors main ideas and at least onethird should evaluate the book.1.According to the text，personal response of a book reviewer refers to _.A.accurate and analytical readingB.the reviewers indication of what the book isC.the reviewers indication of what the book mea
28、nt to a readerD.skills of describing what is on the page答案C根据第二段的内容可知，书评作者在写书评时应将分析法阅读与个人反响结合起来，不仅要指出书的内容，还要指出书对于读者将意味着什么。“分析法阅读”对应“书的内容”，“个人反响”对应“书对于读者意味着什么”，故选C。2.Readers will get puzzled if _.A.there is no heading in a book reviewB.the book review is not complex enoughC.the reviewers point of vie
29、w is mixed with the authorsD.there are some different issues listed in the book review答案C根据倒数第三段中的It is important to use labels to carefully distinguish your views from the authors，so that you dont confuse your reader.可知答案。3.What is suggested for a book review in this text?A.Quoting from the other s
30、imilar books.B.Commenting on the book in a fixed form.C.Analyzing the authors writing experience in the past.D.Comparing the book with others on a similar subject.答案D根据文中的How the book compares with others on the subject.可知答案。4.What does the text mainly tell us?A.Steps to read a book.B.Tips for writi
31、ng a book review.C.The way to develop your idea.D.Things not to be avoided in a book review.答案B全文主要是针对如何写书评提供了几点建议，故选B。BMany people have bought insurance，either life or property(财产)，commercial or compulsory.Yet some people know little about it and some even misunderstand its nature and function.Insu
32、rance is the sharing of risks.Nearly everyone is exposed to a risk of some sort.The house owner，for example，knows that his property can be damaged by fire；the shipowner knows that his ships may be lost at sea；the breadwinner knows that he may die at an early age and leave his family poorer.On the ot
33、her hand，not every house is damaged by fire nor every ship is lost at sea.If these persons each put a small amount of money into a pool，there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer losses.In other words，the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the many.This is the b
34、asis of insurance.Those who pay the contribution are known as the insured and those who manage the_pool_of_contributions as insurers.The legal basis of all insurance is the policy.This is a printed form of contract on a piece of paper in best quality.It states that every year the insured shall pay a
35、n amount of money，which is called the premium；in return，the insurer will pay an amount of money or compensation for losses if the risk or event insured against actually happens.The premium for insurance naturally depends upon how likely the risk is to happen，as suggested by past experience.If compan
36、ies fix their premiums too high，there will be more competition in their area of insurance and they may lose business.On the other hand，if they make the premium too low，they will lose money and may even have to drop out of business.So the ordinary forces of supply and demand keep premiums at a level
37、satisfactory to both the insurer and the insured.5.The underlined phrase in Para.2 most probably means _.A.money paid by the insurersB.each premiumC.money paid by all those insuredD.the cost of administering insurance答案C词义猜测题。根据第二段的“If these persons each put a small amount of money into a pool，there
38、 will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer losses”可推知“the pool of contributions”表示投保人所投的钱。6.Insurance premiums do not become too high because _.A.not many people insure themselvesB.premiums depend on the risk of lossesC.insurers have to be more competitiveD.insurance companies can ne
39、ver lose money答案C细节理解题。根据最后一段的“If companies fix their premiums too high，there will be more competition in their area of insurance and they may lose business”可知，保险公司也有竞争，因此保险费不能定得太高，否则就没有竞争力，也就意味着可能会失去业务，故选C。7.According to the passage，insurance business gains profit because _.A.more and more people b
40、uy insuranceB.the firms have sound managementC.the premium is increased year by yearD.only a few of those insured suffer losses答案D推理判断题。根据第二段的“On the other hand，not every house is damaged by fire nor every ship is lost at sea”“enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer losses”和“the losses of
41、the few”可推知，保险公司获利是因为只有少部分投保人遭受意外风险。8.The purpose of the passage is to _.A.explain an insurance policyB.introduce insurance businessC.persuade people to be insuredD.warn people of possible losses答案B写作意图题。文章第一段点题，再结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要介绍的是保险业务，故选B。.完形填空In our life，we have rarely expressed our gratitude t
42、o the ones who have lived those years with us.In fact，we dont have to wait for _9_to thank the ones closest to usthe ones so easily _10_.If I have learned anything about giving thanks，it is this：Give it now!_11_your feeling of appreciation is alive and sincere，act on it.Saying thanks is such an easy
43、 way to _12_ the worlds happiness.Saying thanks not only _13_someone elses world，but brightens yours.If youre feeling _14_，unloved or unappreciated，try reaching out to others.It may be just the _15_ you need.Of course，there are times when you cant express gratitude _16_.In that case dont let embarra
44、ssment sink you into silencespeak up the first time you have the chance.Once a young minister，Mark Brian，was sent to a _17_ town of Kwakiutl Indians in British Columbia.The Indians，he had been told，did not have a _18_ for thankyou.But Brian soon found that these people had _19_generosity.Instead of
45、saying thanks，it is their custom to _20_ every favor with a favor of their own，and every kindness with an equal or superior _21_.They do their thanks.I wonder if we had words in our _22_ for thankyou.Would we do a better job of _23_ our gratitude？Would we be more responsive，more sensitive，more carin
46、g?Thankfulness sets in motion a chain reaction that _24_ people all around usincluding ourselves.For no one ever _25_ the tune of a grateful heart.Its message is _26_；its words go _27_ all earthly barriers；its music _28_ the heavens.9.A.requirements B.anniversariesC.celebrations D.congratulations答案B
47、考查概括和推理。由首句可知，在生活中，我们很少向那些和我们一起生活许多年的人表达感激之情。此处表示事实上我们不必非要等到周年纪念日时才向他们表示谢意。anniversary周年纪念日；requirement需要，需求；celebration庆祝；congratulations贺词。只有B项符合句意。10.A.overlooked B.satisfiedC.attended D.appreciated答案A考查过去分词。此处“so easily _10_”为过去分词短语作定语修饰ones。overlook忽视，忽略；satisfy使满意；attend参加，照料；appreciate赏识，感激。结
48、合句意，只有A项合适。此处表达的是“一些我们最容易忽略的人”。11.A.While B.Since C.Although D.Despite答案A考查语境。句意为：在你的感激之情活跃而真诚时，把它表达出来吧。while在时候；since既然，因为，用来引导原因状语从句；although虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句；despite介词，意思是“不管，尽管”。应选while。12.A.add up to B.add toC.make up D.look for答案B考查动词短语。add to增加；add up to总计；make up 虚构，补足；look for寻找。此处不定式短语作宾语，只有a
49、dd to合适，表示“说出感谢是增加快乐的如此简单的一种方式”。13.A.widens B.strengthensC.clears D.brightens答案D考查动词和上下文照应。此处是一个并列句，后一句省略了also，故前一句中也要使用brightens。句意为：表达感谢不仅能照亮别人的世界，而且也能照亮你的世界。widen(使)变宽；strengthen加强，巩固；clear扫除，清除。14.A.worn out B.left behindC.cut out D.left out答案D考查并列关系。分析句子结构可知，此处的短语必须能与unloved，unappreciated构成并列关系
50、，表达详尽的意义。leave out有“忽视，使不受欢迎”之意，符合句意。wear out(使)精疲力竭；leave behind留下，忘了带；cut out 删去，停止。15.A.requirement B.orderC.medicine D.encouragement答案C考查语境。根据上下文可知，如果你感到你被冷落，那么向其他人表示你对他们感兴趣，这或许正是你需要的“良药”。medicine良药，有效的东西，可以比喻为解决问题的方法，符合句意。requirement需求，要求；order命令，顺序；encouragement鼓励。16.A.safely B.immediatelyC.ca
51、refully D.rightly答案B考查副词和上下文照应。结合下句中的“有机会的时候把它大声说出来”可知，此处意为“有些时候你不能马上表达自己的感激之情”。safely安全地；immediately立即，马上；carefully小心地，谨慎地；rightly正确的。结合词义和语境可知，答案为immediately。17.A.remote B.nearby C.crowded D.poor答案A考查行文逻辑。结合上下文的意思及句中提到的“印第安人”可知，Mark Brian应是到了一个遥远的、偏僻的小镇，故用remote“遥远的，偏僻的”。nearby附近的；crowded拥挤的；poor贫
52、穷的。18.A.purpose B.desire C.word D.heart答案C考查行文逻辑。结合下一句的转折可知，印第安人不用语言来表示感谢，而是以自己的行动体现出来，并非没有感激之意，所以不能说他们没有这种意图(purpose)或欲望(desire)，同样heart也错误。have a word for表示“说”。19.A.special B.strangeC.respected D.unknown答案A考查形容词。结合句意可知，此处说的是他们有着与众不同的特点，即这些人有着特别的慷慨。special特别的，特殊的；strange陌生的，奇怪的；respected受尊敬的；unknow
53、n未知的。根据句意可知，special为正确答案。20.A.sell B.show C.do D.return答案D考查逻辑关系。结合上下文可知，他们不是将感谢说出来，而是以实际行动来回报对方的帮助，故最佳答案为return。sell出售，卖；show显示，展现；do做；return回报，归还。21.A.kindness B.manner C.reward D.value答案A考查平行关系。结合上文的“every favor with a favor of their own”可知，此处应用kindness，意为“友好的行为，好事”。manner方法，态度；reward报酬，奖赏；value价
54、值。22.A.world B.vocabularyC.knowledge D.books答案B考查语境。结合语境“我想知道在我们的词汇中是否有表示感谢的词语”可知答案。world世界；vocabulary词汇；knowledge知识；book书。23.A.communicating B.connectingC.convincing D.copying答案A考查动词。结合上下文语境，此处表达的应是“传递，表达”谢意。communicate传达，传递。连接(connect)、说服(convince)和复制(copy)都不符合文意。24.A.treats B.translatesC.transpor
55、ts D.transforms答案D考查动词。set sth in motion使(某物)运转，开动(机器等)，使(程序等)开始。本句话的意应是“感谢会产生连锁反应，而这会改变我们周围的人，包括我们自己”。transform改变，符合句意和逻辑。25.A.gets B.misleadsC.misunderstands D.misspells答案C考查逻辑关系。结合上句，此处在解释说明为什么感谢有如此强大的力量，故此句句意应是“没人会误解一颗感激之心”。get获得，变成；mislead误导；misunderstand误解，误会；misspell拼错。故选C项。26.A.common B.univ
56、ersal C.ordinary D.usual答案B考查形容词。universal全体的，普遍的；common常见的；ordinary普通的；usual惯常的。此处解释感谢的特点和作用，即它传递的信息是普遍的，为大众所公认的。故选B项。27.A.beyond B.over C.besides D.through答案A考查介词搭配。此处介词与go构成的短语要与句中的barriers搭配。句意为：它的语言能超越世俗的障碍。go beyond超出，符合语境。go over复习，查看；go through 经历，遭受；besides除之外。28.A.covers B.excites C.touches D.decorates答案C考查动词。cover覆盖；touch感动；excite使激动，使兴奋；decorate装饰。结合语境，此处应用touch。句意为：它的音乐可以感动上天。
