1、Module 3 The Violence of Nature课时素养评价八Module 3Grammar. 单句语法填空1. He said that the novel had been translated (translate) into several languages. 2. By the end of last year, 10, 000 trees had been planted (plant) in that village. 3. By the time he was 12, my brother had been sent (send) to America. 4.
2、The vegetables didnt taste very good. They had been cooked (cook) too long. 5. When he returned to his hometown, he was surprised to find that great changes had taken place (take place) in his hometown. 6. It was the third time that Tom had been caught (catch) cheating in the maths exam. 7. Yesterda
3、y our teacher told us that light travels(travel) much faster than sound. 8. He asked me whether I spoke English or French. 9. Toms mother told him not to waste (waste) his time on the computer games. 10. When I phoned Jane, she told me that she was reading (read) a novel. . 将下列各句由主动语态变为被动语态1. My mot
4、her invited him to dinner yesterday evening. He was invited to dinner by my mother yesterday evening. 2. Just now I heard the news that an American company had taken over our firm. Just now I heard the news that our firm had been taken over by an American company. 3. We should pay more attention to
5、the education of the young people. More attention should be paid to the education of the young people. /The education of the young people should be paid more attention to. 4. By the time Edison was ten, he had built a chemistry lab. By the time Edison was ten, a chemistry lab had been built by him.
6、5. The flood washed the house away. The house was washed away by the flood. 6. We regard Tom as the best student in his class. Tom is regarded as the best student in his class. 7. We had arrived at an agreement before the end of the meeting. An agreement had been arrived at by us before the end of t
7、he meeting. 8. According to the law, we must hold the election within the next two months. According to the law, the election must be held within the next two months. . 阅读理解(2020长春高一检测)Christian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island of Java. Many people on the island had a dis
8、ease called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find a cure. At first, Eijkman thought some kind of germ (细菌) caused beri-beri. He raised some chickens. He didnt eat them, but made experiments on them. The local people were quite surprised at that. One day he noticed that his chickens became si
9、ck when they were fed the food most Javanese aterefined white rice (精制米). When he fed them with unrefined rice, also known as brown rice, they recovered. Eijkman realized that he had made an important discovery that some things in food could prevent disease. These things were named vitamins (维生素). T
10、he Javanese were not getting enough vitamins because they had actually removed the part that contains vitamins. Later, other diseases were also found to be caused by the lack of vitamins in a persons food. Today many people know the importance of vitamins and they make sure they have enough vitamins
11、 from the food they eat. If they dont, they can also take vitamin pills. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文, 记叙了荷兰医生Christian Eijkman离开荷兰前往爪哇岛为岛上的人们寻找一种叫做beri-beri的疾病的治愈方法, 并最终成功发现了导致疾病的原因是维生素缺乏的故事。1. The underlined word “cure” in Paragraph 1 probably means _. A. a kind of vitaminB. a medical treatmentC. a kind of germD
12、. a kind of rice【解析】选B。词义猜测题。结合上文可知, 荷兰医生Christian Eijkman离开荷兰前往爪哇岛, 岛上的许多人都患有一种叫做beri-beri的疾病, 因此他要去那里试着找到治愈方法。故可推测画线单词的意思为“治疗”。2. Christian Eijkman went to the island of Java to _. A. spend his holidayB. find ways to grow better cropsC. help the Javanese with their illnessD. do some research about
13、 the island【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“荷兰医生Christian Eijkman离开荷兰前往爪哇岛。岛上的许多人都患有一种叫做beri-beri的疾病。他要去那里试着找到治愈方法。”可知, Christian Eijkman前往爪哇岛帮助爪哇人治疗疾病。3. Why did Christian Eijkman raise some chickens? A. To eat them. B. To give the Javanese a surprise. C. To carry out his experiments. D. To make money by selling
14、 them. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段He raised some chickens. He didnt eat them, but made experiments on them. (他养了一些鸡。他不吃它们, 而是在它们身上做实验。)可知, Christian Eijkman饲养了一些鸡来进行他的实验。4. We can learn from the passage that _. A. beri-beri was caused by chickensB. the Javanese didnt like vitaminsC. the Javaneses disease was
15、 caused by a kind of germD. Christian Eijkmans experiment was successful【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段“Eijkman意识到他有了一个重要的发现食物中的某些东西可以预防疾病。这些东西被称为维生素。爪哇人没有得到足够的维生素, 因为他们实际上去掉了含有维生素的部分。后来, 人们还发现其他疾病也是由食物中缺乏维生素引起的。”可知, Christian Eijkman的实验是成功的。. 完形填空(2020中山高一检测)It all 1 when we were at school on a Monday. It was a
16、fter lunch time and we had just finished this weeks maths exam and Stephen, Vivian, Krystal and I were correcting our 2 again. We were just getting ready to do English when everything started 3. Things were flying everywhere. It was an EARTHQUAKE! Stephen, Vivian, Krystal and I all 4 for cover while
17、 everyone else stood there, too 5 to move. Even the 6 boys in the class didnt move! It shook like jelly and it was the scariest earthquake ever! A bookshelf fell on the 7 of the girls. The heater fell on the boys. It was a 8! So far, Stephen, Vivian, Krystal and I were the only people 9. We were all
18、 as scared as if we had seen a 10. The earthquake went for a couple more 11 and then we ran into the corridor and checked if anyone was alive. Everyone but us was dead. We went outside and all the 12 were wrecked. All except one. We ran into the house and it was as 13 as ice. The disgusting cobwebs(
19、蜘蛛网)touched our skin. It was a 14! The house was old and rotten and it 15 like really bad body smell. We ran 16 and we heard someone 17. We 18 the door. There was a 19 in the room. We guessed she was about eight years old. “Help me, ” she shouted in a frightened voice, I was just about to help her w
20、hen I heard my alarm clock ringing. It was just a(n) 20! 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的一个可怕的梦, 梦见自己和同学在教室里时发生了大地震, 损伤惨重。1. A. finished B. started C. continued D. changed【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 一个周一我们在学校的时候, 事情开始发生了。finished结束; started开始; continued继续; changed改变。这是一篇记叙文, 开篇肯定是介绍事情开始发生。并且此处空格与后文中的“started”呼应。2. A. a
21、nswersB. compositionC. paperD. English【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意: Stephen, Vivian, Krystal和我正在又一次修改我们的答案。answers答案; composition作文; paper论文; English英语。前半句话讲述刚刚结束了这周的数学考试, 所以“我们”应该是在修改答案。3. A. burningB. flyingC. shakingD. completing【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意: 当一切开始摇晃的时候, 我们正准备做英语。burning燃烧; flying飞; shaking摇晃; completing
22、完成。此空格与第二段中的“It shook like jelly(像果冻一样摇晃)”呼应。4. A. walkedB. wanderedC. stoodD. escaped【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意: Stephen, Vivian, Krystal 和我都逃去找掩蔽物, 而其他人都站在那里, 太害怕了以至于不敢动。walked走; wandered漫游; stood站立; escaped逃跑。在很害怕的情况下, 我们按常理推断, 应该是逃跑。5. A. scaredB. pleasedC. surprisedD. interested【解析】选A。考查形容词。scared害怕的; pl
23、eased高兴的; surprised惊奇的; interested感兴趣的。空格与下文的“the scariest”呼应。6. A. youngestB. bravestC. tallestD. saddest【解析】选B。考查形容词最高级。句意: 即使班级里最勇敢的男孩也没动! youngest最小的; bravest最勇敢的; tallest最高的; saddest最悲伤的。由于有even(甚至), 我们知道是在强调大家害怕, 所以用最勇敢的男孩举例强调有多么害怕。7. A. topB. bottomC. leftD. right【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意: 一个书架掉在了女孩子们
24、的上方。top顶部; bottom底部; left左边; right右边。由下文可知, 这些人都死了, 所以应该是掉到女孩们的上方。8. A. floodB. fireC. disasterD. war【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意: 这是一场灾难! flood洪水; fire火; disaster灾难; war战争。由下文死了很多人可知这是一场灾难。9. A. deadB. aliveC. awakeD. sleeping【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意: 到目前为止, Stephen, Vivian, Krystal 和我是仅存的活着的人。dead死的; alive活着的; awake
25、醒着的; sleeping睡着的。此空格与下文中的“if anyone was alive”呼应。10. A. movieB. playC. strangerD. ghost【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意: 我们都很害怕就好像看见了鬼一样。movie电影; play比赛, 剧本; stranger陌生人; ghost鬼。这里指害怕, 这四个选项中只有看见鬼才会很害怕。11. A. nightsB. minutesC. daysD. weeks【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 地震又持续了两分多钟。nights晚上; minutes分钟; days天; weeks周。根据常识, 我们知道地震
26、一般几分钟结束。12. A. schoolsB. roomsC. housesD. corridors【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意: 我们出去, 除了一间房子, 其他所有的房子都毁坏了。schools学校; rooms房间; houses房子; corridors走廊。此空格与下段首句中的house呼应。13. A. coldB. hotC. warmD. cool【解析】选A。考查形容词。句意: 我们跑进这间房子, 里面像冰一样冷。cold冷; hot热; warm暖和; cool凉爽。由于ice是冷的, 故用cold。14. A. cryB. nightmareC. houseD. r
27、oom【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 讨厌的蜘蛛网碰到了我们的皮肤, 简直是一个噩梦! cry哭; nightmare噩梦; house房子; room房间。“it”指代的是前面蜘蛛网碰到皮肤的事情, 所以只能是噩梦。15. A. lookedB. feltC. smeltD. tasted【解析】选C。考查系动词。句意: 这间房子很旧而且腐烂了, 闻起来像糟糕的体臭味。looked看起来像; felt感觉; smelt闻起来; tasted尝起来。由后面的“bad body smell”可知这里描述的是气味。16. A. downstairsB. outsideC. insideD. u
28、pstairs【解析】选D。考查副词。句意: 我们跑到楼上去, 听到了有人呼喊。downstairs到楼下; outside到外边; inside到里边; upstairs到楼上。由于作者和同学四个人一起在搜查有没有人活着, 所以他们检查完这间房子后就上楼去看看。17. A. singingB. talkingC. shoutingD. laughing【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。singing唱歌; talking说话; shouting呼喊; laughing笑。此处空格与后面的“she shouted”呼应。18. A. openedB. closedC. brokeD. locked【
29、解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意: 我们打开门。opened打开; closed关上; broke打破; locked锁上。根据语境可知, 作者他们要打开门看看房间里有谁。19. A. ladyB. manC. boyD. girl【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意: 房间里有个小女孩。lady女士; man男人; boy男孩; girl女孩。由“she was about eight years old(她大概八岁)”可知, 是个小女孩。20. A. storyB. factC. earthquakeD. dream【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意: 我正要帮她, 听到闹铃响了。这仅仅是一场梦。
30、story故事; fact事实; earthquake地震; dream梦。根据闹铃响了, 可知作者刚做了个梦。. 语法填空Last Thursday, there was a big fire in a big shop in our city. At 8: 16 that morning, when the 1. (employ) were working busily in the 4-storeyed building, heavy smoke was seen 2. (come) out of the windows on the second floor. The fire las
31、ted nearly an hour, and the majority of the 345 employees managed 3. _(escape) from the fire. Unfortunately, 7 were killed, and 23 injured, lightly or seriously. Some workers 4. _(complain) that aids came too late, 5. _ the firemen did come just 10 minutes after the fire was reported. To rescue ever
32、yone from the burning and smoking building in such a short time was too difficult. The only two exits of the big building were not enough for so many people to withdraw in 6. _ hurry. The reason of the fire, according to an investigator, was 7. someone broke the non-smoking rule in the factory, beca
33、use some cigarette ends 8. _(find). Next two weeks, 15 inspection teams will be working in all the factories 9. turn, aiming to clear away the possibility of more fires. 10. _(hope), no disasters like this will happen again. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。上周四一家商店失火, 造成了人员伤亡。火灾据说是由烟头引起的。接下来的两周内, 会有15个检查组轮流巡查, 以清除更多火灾
34、发生的可能性。1. 【解析】employees。考查名词。句意: 那天早上8: 16, 当这栋四层楼里的员工正在忙碌工作时, 有人看见浓烟从二层的窗口冒了出来。employ为动词, 意为“雇用”, 其名词形式employee表示“雇员, 员工”, 且为可数名词, 故用其复数形式。2. 【解析】coming。考查现在分词。smoke与come之间是主动关系。3. 【解析】to escape。考查动词不定式。句意: 火持续了将近一个小时, 345名员工中大多数人从火里逃了出来。“manage to do sth. ”意为“成功做成某事”。4. 【解析】complained。考查时态。句意: 一些员
35、工抱怨救援来得太晚, 但是消防员的确在火势报道出来的十分钟内就赶到了。这篇文章使用的是一般过去时, 且由后半句中的did可知, 这句话应使用一般过去时。5. 【解析】but。考查连词。根据句意, 前后分句间是转折关系, 故填but。6. 【解析】a。考查冠词。句意: 这栋大楼仅有的两个出口不足以让这么多人如此匆忙地撤出。“in a hurry”意为“立即, 匆忙”, 为固定搭配。7. 【解析】that。考查表语从句。句意: 据一位调查者说, 火灾发生的原因是某人违反了工厂的禁烟规则, 因为一些烟头被找到了。空格位于was后, 且空格后是一个完整的陈述句, 不缺句子成分, 所以这是一个表语从句。
36、8. 【解析】were found。考查被动语态和时态。全文使用的是一般过去时, 所以这句话也应使用一般过去时。“some cigarette ends”与find之间是被动关系, 所以用被动语态。且some cigarette ends是名词的复数形式。9. 【解析】in。考查介词短语。句意: 接下来的两周内, 会有15个检查组轮流巡查, 以清除更多火灾发生的可能性。“in turn”翻译为“轮流, 依次”, 是固定搭配。10. 【解析】Hopefully。考查副词。句意: 希望这样的灾难不要再发生。空格位于句首, 修饰整个句子, 应用副词形式。【补偿训练】. 完成句子1. By the e
37、nd of last year, 20, 000 cars had been produced. 到去年年末, (该厂)已经生产了两万辆轿车。2. I was told that the book had been left in that room. 我被告知那本书落在那个房间里了。3. The teacher told us not to touch anything in the lab. 老师告诉我们不要动实验室里的任何东西。4. I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to see a film that night. 我问他那
38、天晚上他是待在家里还是去看电影。5. He asked his mother how she had found it. 他问他妈妈是怎么找到它的。6. Miss Wu asked Tom why he hadnt turned off the light when he left. 吴老师问汤姆为什么走的时候不关灯。7. This job proved to be much more difficult than the one I had been offered before. 这项工作被证明比以前我做的工作要难得多。8. She told me that she had lived t
39、here five years before. 她告诉我她5年前在那儿住过。. 句型转换1. “I like reading adventure stories, ” said John. John said (that) he liked reading adventure stories. 2. “You have finished the homework, havent you? ”my mother asked. My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. 3. “Do you go to school by bus
40、 or by bike? ”, he asked me. He asked me whether I went to school by bus or by bike. 4. She asked John, “Where are you going for your summer holiday? ” She asked John where he was going for his summer holiday. 5. “Dont make any noise, ” she said to the children. She told the children not to make any noise. 6. He said, “Lets go to see the film. ” He suggested going to see the film. He suggested that they should go to see the film.
