1、3.概要写作一A(2019温州高考适应性考试)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。High school exit tests are tests that students must pass to graduate from high school.In the last few years，however，a number of states in America have dropped them.Although some states still use them for diplomas，the number is down from a high of 27 s
2、tates during the testing craze promoted by No Child Left Behind (NCLB)The appearance of this phenomenon is a small wonder.Researches clearly show that exit tests have little positive effects on students.A 2014 report found exit testing was associated with lower graduation rates，negatively affected l
3、abor market outcomes，and，most alarmingly，produced a 12.5 percent increase in incarceration(监禁) rates.Exit exams，the study concluded，had tended to add little value for most students.Exit testing relies on the following assumptions.One is that standardized testing can serve as a kind of “quality contr
4、ol”for high school graduates，guaranteeing that graduates are college ready.The other is that they have predicting value for future success in academic situations.But there is little evidence.The tests dont exactly measure what they pretend to measure.For example，qualities such as intelligence，academ
5、ic ability，college readiness are not determined.Those that should be developed in all young people，like responsibility，critical thinking，and empathy(同理心)，are not measured，either.Even supporters of exit tests have acknowledged that they dont offer reliable data.Thus，more and more people are suggestin
6、g that exit test scores ought to be just one component of the high school diploma.Schools should consider many other records including credits earned，courses taken，activities，service，projects and other elements of academic accomplishment so that students can be evaluated flexibly.In other words，exit
7、 test scores should never be the only criterion for high school diplomas.参考范文High school exit tests have been cancelled in some states in America in recent years.This is not surprising because studies show they do little good to students.Instead of ensuring college readiness and academic success，the
8、y actually dont measure what should be measured.Therefore，exit test scores should only be one part of the standards of high school diplomas.B阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Its a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same.Nothing wil
9、l give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus(校园) like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms，classrooms and athletic equipment and，of course，the students.It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses，and it can also
10、be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away.But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life，and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.Theres no excuse not to visit the schools in your local
11、 area.In fact，a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus，and obviously，if you live across the country that wont be as much of a possibility，but if you live nearby，go check it out!If campus visits arent going to happen before you apply，at the very least you should find some tim
12、e between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools youd like to attend.It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you dont like about certain campuses，things that you wouldnt know unless you actually visit.Now，if time and money are making it impos
13、sible，then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive.Its a chance to chat online with admissions officers，students，and college counselors(顾问)，and it wont cost you a penny! You can register for its online college fair at .While visiting an online college fair cant take the place of an act
14、ual campus visit，it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities youd like to attend.参考范文Its really worthwhile to pay a visit to their desired colleges personally before applying.Undoubtedly，students sh
15、ould visit their local colleges，which may be included in applications.At least，they should visit the school and figure out its real conditions in advance.For students who are short of money and time，registering for the online college fair is a good alternative to help them better understand schools.
16、二A阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。With the increasingly growing popularity of distance education，students are now able to study at home by themselves.Some experts in education are advocates of the individual way of learning，while other educationalists strongly oppose it，claiming that this new approach may
17、 lead to low academic performance.In my opinion，group study (studying as a group) has more to offer，and therefore we should always put group study first.It is true that we should value individualism，priding ourselves on our independence and our rights to make up our own minds.This，however，does not n
18、ecessarily mean that，with selfreliance in mind，we can always start a course that leads to success，no matter what we do.After all，sometimes things go the other way around.Let us begin by having a close examination of studying，which might involve interaction between teachers and students at first thou
19、ght.But does communication among learners count？The answer is absolutely “Yes”By changing thoughts with our study partners，we can have a wider range of knowledge of the subject and often at a deeper level；by comparing with other students，we can get a clear idea of where we are so that we may be moti
20、vated to work hard to keep pace with others if we lag behind.It is known to all that humans are “gregarious(群居的) animals”Not only do we study or play together，but also we work in groups.Almost all members of our society need to gain social skills in preparation for their careers，and studying with ot
21、her people offers the greatest opportunity to learn how to communicate and cooperate with others.People who study all by themselves may prove their learning abilities，but they may not survive in the competitive job market，for they lack relevant social skills.While we should encourage students to dev
22、elop their own mindset，the important role played by group study should never be undervalued.All in all，students who study independently might need to change their studying habits in order to achieve success in the future.参考范文Despite the popularity of independent learning，I hold the belief that group
23、 study can benefit us more.Interaction with peers is no less important than independence in achieving success.Meanwhile，social skills that play a significant role in peoples careers can be learned from group study.To conclude，group study should not be undervalued if we want to be successful in the f
24、uture.B阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Most of us have quite good memories，but our memories are limited.For example，we cannot remember everyone we have ever met or what we did on every single day of our lives.However，there are some people who do have excellent memories.These people have a rare condition k
25、nown as savant syndrome(学者综合症)Savants suffer from a developmental disorder，but they also exhibit great talents that contrast(形成对比) sharply with their physical and mental disabilities.Kim Peek(19512009) was a savant who lived in Salt Lake City，Utah，the United States.He was born with damage to parts o
26、f his brain，but it seemed that other parts of his brain，particularly those related to memory，became overdeveloped.Peeks unique abilities appeared at a very early age.When he was just 20 months old，he could already remember every book he read.Peek could read two pages of a book at the same timeone pa
27、ge with the right eye and the other with the leftin less than 10 seconds and remember everything he read.By the time he died，Peek had memorized more than 9,000 books.Dr David Treffert，an expert on savant syndrome，once described Peek as “a walking Google” because of his astonishing ability to memoriz
28、e and connect facts.However，at the same time，Peek was unable to carry out simple tasks，such as brushing his hair or getting dressed，and he needed others to help him.In 1989，the movie Rain Man won the Oscar for Best Picture.The main character in the movie，played by Dustin Hoffman，was based on Kim Pee
29、k.After Peek became famous for the movie，he started to appear on television，where he amazed audiences by correctly answering difficult questions on different topics.He and his father began touring widely to talk about overcoming disabilities.He inspired a great many people with his words.“Recognizin
30、g and respecting differences in others，and treating everyone in the way you want them to treat you，will make our world a better place for everyone.Everyone is different.”参考范文Some people suffering from savant syndrome display great contrast between their memories and disabilities. Kim Peek was a typi
31、cal example of them. Since early childhood，he could remember almost everything he had read but was unable to do simple chores. After a movie which was based on Peek and won the Oscar was screened，Peek became famous and then inspired others to recognize and respect differences in people.三A阅读下面短文，根据其内
32、容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Trying to make a big decision while youre also preparing for a stressful presentation？You might want to hold off on that.Feeling stressed changes how people weigh risk and reward.An article published in Current Directions in Psychological Science suggests people under stress pay more
33、attention to the positive side of a possible outcome.“Its a bit surprising that stress makes people focus on the way things could go right，” says Mara Mather of the University of Southern California.She cowrote the review paper with Nichole RLighthall.“This is sort of not what people would think，” M
34、ather says.“Stress is usually associated with negative experiences，so youd think，maybe Im going to be more focused on the negative outcomes.”But researchers have found that when people are under stress，they start paying more attention to positive information and discounting negative information.“Str
35、ess seems to help people learn from positive feedback and impair(削弱) their learning from negative feedback，” Mather says.When people under stress are making a difficult decision，they may pay more attention to the good sides of the alternatives theyre considering and less to the problems.So someone w
36、hos deciding whether to take a new job and is feeling stressed by the decision might focus on the increase in salary more than the longer commute(上下班路程)The increased focus on the positives also helps explain why stress plays a role in evoking addictions.People under stress have a harder time control
37、ling their urges.“The compulsion to get the reward comes stronger and theyre less able to resist it，” Mather says.Stress also increases the differences in how men and women think about risks.When men are under stress，they become even more willing to take risks；when women are stressed，they get more c
38、onservative.Previous research backs this upat difficult times，men tend toward fight or flight response，while women try to bond more with others and improve their relationships.参考范文Stress can affect decisionmaking，and feeling stressed may lead people to be more optimistic. Surprising as it may sound，
39、stress can really make people concentrate more on positive things and less on negative ones.Both jobhopping and addictions can well explain the influence of stress on decisionmaking.Nevertheless，men and women under pressure respond quite differently in the face of risks.B阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。If
40、 there was one thing you could make parents understand about kids，what would it be？That is one of the questions TFK and KidsHealth.org recently asked in an anonymous(匿名的) survey conducted online.More than 8,000 kids answered.“We just want to spend time with you，” said a 12yearold.“At 13，you cant tre
41、at me like Im 6，” another kid said.An 11yearold wrote，“Being a kid is a lot harder than it looks.” The kids who took our survey made it clear that they want to feel close to the important people in their livestheir mom，dad and other caring adults.But their answers also show that it is not always eas
42、y to deal with these close relationships.Many kidstwo out of threesaid they get along pretty well or very well with their parents.About four out of five kids told us that they have fun with their parents.But that doesnt mean they never disagree.In fact，most kids reported arguing with their parents，a
43、t least sometimes.“Its absolutely normal to disagree and argue，” says DArcy Lyness，a child psychologist.“But its also important to learn how to do so respectfully.”About half of the kids said they are doing that.When they disagree with their parents，they say they discuss issues calmly.But two out of
44、 five kids said arguments tend to involve yelling at each other.Lyness points out that shouting never helps.“Speak up，and let your parents know your ideas and your opinions，” she advises.“But be patient.Dont use a raised，angry voice.”Kids made it clear that they would rather avoid conflict altogethe
45、r.Not surprisingly，three out of four kids admitted lying at times.Many said they lie to avoid getting in trouble or disappointing their parents.According to Lyness，lying isnt just wrong.It can actually get negative results.Telling the truth builds trust.“When parents can trust you，they are more like
46、ly to give you more freedom and more privileges，” she says.参考范文A recent survey shows that most kids want to feel close to the important people in their lives.However，it is not always easy to deal with these close relationships.Many kids can get along well with parents，but sometimes they disagree，which is absolutely normal.When facing conflict，speaking up can help，but being patient is very important.However，kids would rather avoid conflict by telling lies.
