1、标题:美国习惯用语-第480 go by the board.音频地址:Sound/lesson480.mp3内容:今天还是要继续讲在大选期间新闻界常用来报道竞选运动的两个习惯用语。今天要说的习惯用语来自纽约时报上的同一篇文章,这篇文章报导的是2000年大选的总统候选人戈尔选定参议员利伯曼为争取副总统职位的竞选伙伴,我们要学的第一个习惯用语是:go by the board。Board这个词有很多 不同的意思。其中之一是帆船的船舷侧边,所以go by the board当初的意思是把什么从船侧抛到船外去;那就是彻底抛弃这件东西了。久而久之, 人们开始用go by the board来泛指彻底抛
2、弃什么了。我们听听纽约时报的这篇文章是怎么应用go by the board这个习惯用语的。例句-1:The New York Times report says that several traditions went by the board when Gore picked Lieberman as his vice-presidential running mate. One was the tradition of matching a liberal with a conservative: both men are close to the political center.他说
3、:纽约时报报导说,戈尔抛弃了几项传统而选择利伯曼为争取副总统职位的竞选伙伴,其中的一个是让自由派和保守派搭配成竞选伙伴。而他俩都靠近政治中间派。从这段话可见go by the board是抛弃的意思。*在美国的两百多年历史上,美国的政治体制屡经变革,以便跟上时代变迁的步伐。例如美国宪法原先规定国会中代表每一州的两名参议员由本州立法机构推选,不由州内选民直接选举。我们听听第十七宪法修正案是如何改变这个做法的。例句-2:In 1913 the old law went by the board. That was when the 17th amendment changed the Consti
4、tution to provide that senators be elected directly by the people.他说:在1913年那条老规定被废弃了。当时第十七宪法修正案改变了美国宪法,规定参议员由选民直接选出。这段话里的went by the board有同样的意思,就是废弃、或者彻底抛弃。*这篇报导戈尔选择利伯曼作竞选伙伴的文章还用了一个习惯用语。它是:fall into line。这篇文章这样报导说:例句-3:After the choice was made, the two men got together to make sure that Mr. Lieber
5、man would fall into line with positions that Mr. Gore takes on campaign issues.要明白fall into line是什么意思,你先可以想象一下一群士兵听从口令整队立正。这个过程用英文来表示就是:The soldiers fall into line. 实际上,要大家集合整队的口令就是 fall in, 那么fall into line作为习惯用语是什么意思呢?我们听个例子来琢磨它的含义。利伯曼在几个有争议的问题上曾经跟戈尔的立场不一致。例如, 有一项提议是向子女在教学质量差的公立学校就学的家长发补贴票券。这些家长可以
6、送子女上私立学校, 并以这种补贴票券来为子女交付私立学校的部分学费。例句-4:Mr. Lieberman used to support the proposal of school vouchers, which Mr. Gore opposes. However, after the meeting with Mr. Gore, Mr. Lieberman showed he would fall into line with Mr. Gore on some campaign issues. Now, he indicated he didnt think school vouchers would work.他说:利伯曼过去曾经支持学费补贴票券的提议,而戈尔却反对这个提议。但是利伯曼在跟戈尔会面后却明确表示,他认为学费补贴票券的做法行不通。可见利伯曼在一些问题上随从了戈尔的方向,改变自己的初衷,跟戈尔统一了立场。所以fall into line这个习惯用语的意思就是和某人统一立场, 跟他步调一致。 .