1、高考提能练(三十五)选修Module 5Cloning.阅读理解A2019长沙市南昌市第一次联考We all have our own tricks to cheer up when were feeling down; these little tricks can make you feel a little bit happier every day. While there are certainly happy memories tied up in the wedding ring you and your spouse (配偶) purchased together years
2、ago or your teddy bear from childhood, new research finds that we typically feel calmer and experience a greater sense of wellbeing when we focus on a place that reminds us of happier times rather than a thing, even if it holds great value.The report, called Places That Make Us, was conducted by Nat
3、ional Trusts and Surrey Universitys researchers. Experts performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (磁共振成像) scans on 20 volunteers and conducted an online survey of 2,000 people to better understand this deep draw toward special places.“Working with leading researchers and academics, and
4、using cuttingedge MRI brain technology, we examined how places affect people, how they become special, and why we feel a pull towards them，”explained Nino Strachey, head of research for the National Trust.The 20 volunteers were shown images of landscapes, houses, and other locations, as well as pers
5、onally meaningful objects. Measuring their brain activity, the researchers found that it was the places, as opposed to the objects, that caused the brain to get the most excited.Volunteers were also interviewed at great length two times, once at home and the other time at their special place. The re
6、search made discoveries that had never known before the favorite places awoke feelings of belonging, physical and emotional safety, and an intense internal pull to the place.Dr. Andy Myers weighed_in_on the research, saying, “For the first time we have been able to prove the physical and emotional b
7、enefits of places, far beyond any research that has been done before.”体裁：说明文题材：幸福主题：回忆美好时光提升幸福感【解题导语】文章介绍了回忆某个与美好时光相关的地方时，我们会感到平静，幸福感也更加强烈。【难句分析】Measuring their brain activity，the researchers found that it was the places，as opposed to the objects，that caused the brain to get the most excited.分析：这是一个
8、复合句。the researchers found是主句，it was the places, as opposed to the objects，that caused the brain to get the most excited是宾语从句。Measuring their brain activity是非谓语动词作状语，it was. that.是强调句式。译文：通过检测他们的大脑活动，研究人员发现能使大脑最为兴奋的是这些地方，而不是物品。1How was the research conducted?ABy performing MRI on 2,000 volunteers.BBy
9、 measuring the participants brain by MRI.CBy doing rough interviews with the participants.DBy showing meaningful objects to the participants.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Experts performed. on 20 volunteers”和第三段中的“using cuttingedge MRI brain technology”可知，研究者使用磁共振成像检查技术对参与者的大脑进行检测，故选B项。2How would the author
10、 feel about the findings of the study?AIt is pioneering. BIt is groundless.CIt is imperfect. DIt is uncommon.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“The research made discoveries that had never known before”可知，该研究的发现是前所未有的，故pioneering“开创性的，先驱的”符合题意。3What does the underlined phrase “weighed in on” mean?AThink highly o
11、f. BLook down on.CPay attention to. DMake fun of.答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。根据最后一段Dr. Andy Myers的话“For the first time we have been able to prove the physical and emotional benefits of places, far beyond any research that has been done before”可推知，Dr. Andy Myers认为这个研究开辟了先河，比之前的任何研究都好，所以对它“高度评价”。4What does the text
12、 mainly talk about?AEveryone has his way to be happy.BValuable places can make people happy.CTeddy bears are best memories for children.DMeaningful objects lead to greater wellbeing.答案与解析：B考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“new research finds that we typically feel calmer and experience a greater sense of wellbeing whe
13、n we focus on a place that reminds us of happier times rather than a thing”及下文的内容可知，本文主要讲的是与某件物品相比，当我们集中精神回忆某个与美好时光相关的地方时，我们尤其会感到平静，幸福感也更加强烈。所以选B项。B2019陕西省摸底检测Scientists are preparing to launch the worlds first machine to clean up the planets largest mass of ocean plastic.The experts believe the mac
14、hine should be able to collect half of the detritus in the patch about 40,000 metric tons within five years. In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine, creating the largest floating barrier ever
15、 made.The system, originally dreamt up by Mr. Slat, will be shipped out this summer to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, between Hawaii and California, which contains estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic. It will be the first ever attempt to tackle the patch since it was discovered in 1997.Mr. Sl
16、at was 16 and still at school when he was diving in Greece and first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea. “There were more bags than fish down there，” he recalls. Two years later he came up with a solution, quit university after six months and set up The Ocean Cleanup as a compan
17、y. Mr. Slat says the first plastic to arrive on shore will be a major milestone. “We as humanity created this problem, so I think its also our responsibility to help solve it，” he says.The Great Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP) covers an area of 1.6 million square kilometers and contains at least 79,000
18、 tons of plastic, research found last month. Most of it is made up of “ghost gear” parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes often from illegal fishing vessels.Ghost gear kills more than 100,000 whales, dolphins and seals each year, according to scientific surveys. Seabirds an
19、d other marine life are increasingly being found dead with stomachs full of small pieces of plastic. Creatures eat plastic discarded in the sea thinking its food but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly. Others are trapped and die of starvation or are strangled or suffocated by
20、 ghost gear.体裁：说明文题材：生态环保主题：世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。【难句分析】In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine, creating the largest floating barrier ever made.分析：这是一个主从复合句。that引导定语从句
21、，在从句中充当主语，指代前面的giant tubes；and连接定语从句中的两个并列谓语；现在分词短语“creating the largest floating barrier ever made”作状语。译文：过去几周，他们一直在忙于将大型管道焊接在一起，这些管道将被放在海面上，构成机器的骨架，创建出有史以来最大的浮动屏障。5What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably mean?AWaste. BOcean.CSystem. DMachine.答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。根据第二段画线词前的“collect
22、half of”和第四段第一句中的“first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea”和第五段最后一句中的“parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes often from illegal fishing vessels”可推知，画线词的意思是“垃圾”。故选A。6Which one makes up most of the garbage in Pacific from the passage?AFishing vessels.BDol
23、phins and seals.CGiant tubes.DAbandoned fishing gear.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第五段最后一句“Most of it is made up of ghost gear parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes often from illegal fishing vessels”可知，太平洋里的大部分垃圾是由废弃的钓鱼用具组成的。7Why do some creatures in The Great Pacific Garbage Patch die
24、 of starvation?ABecause they are killed by ghost gear.BBecause they are suffocated by ghost gear.CBecause they dont like eating plastic.DBecause they are not feeding properly.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据最后一段倒数第二句中的“but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly”可知，大太平洋垃圾带的一些生物死于饥饿是因为它们不能真正地进食。8W
25、hat is the main idea of the passage?AA report about the death of marine life.BNews about the first machine to clean up ocean plastic.CInformation about ocean plastic.DThe reason for inventing a machine.答案与解析：B考查主旨大意。文章主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。第一段“Scientists are preparing to launch the worlds first machin
26、e to clean up the planets largest mass of ocean plastic”点明了文章的主题，故选B。.七选五2019太原模拟How to Be Productive in a Challenging EnvironmentA lot of organizations deal with challenges like maintaining productivity and quality of work. _1_ In this article, well share with you a few essential tips on staying fo
27、cused at work.Prepare a to do list.Half the battle is won once you prioritize (优先处理) your tasks. Make a list of what need to be done. Plan your day through these lists and set realistic deadlines to accomplish each one of them. _2_Schedule your work.Dont overstretch yourself with your work. _3_ To a
28、void burnout, take a walk to renew your brain, allowing it to concentrate better. Though breaks are essential for a healthy workday, you must learn to take them with a pinch of salt. Frequent breaks can be addictive and can affect your work._4_Nowadays, being online on various social media platforms
29、 is a trend. Several notifications (通知) pop up every now and then, commanding your attention. If you are constantly attending to such notifications, how are you supposed to do meaningful work? While working on an important project, set your phone to silent mode or switch it off. If you really want t
30、o stay updated with your social media accounts, you can set specialized time slots to check your phone.Cut outside noise.Until you do away with noise, you wont be able to focus. Limiting auditory distractions is crucial in increasing your attention span. You can use noisecanceling headphones for tha
31、t. _5_ In case that doesnt solve the problem, choose remote work for a day or two to regain your lost focus.Keep on practicing these positive habits and youll surely see a noticeable improvement in your productivity level at work.AAvoid distractions.BTake regular exercise.CRather, split your work in
32、to parts.DChanging your working environment may have unexpected benefits.E. When you start prioritizing tasks, you wont just be focused but efficient, too.F. If you still cant concentrate, move to a quieter place, such as a conference room.G. Managers are pressed to motivate their team members while
33、 boosting their productivity.体裁：说明文题材：工作主题：在工作中专注的建议【解题导语】本文主要介绍了在工作中保持专注的一些建议。1答案与解析：G根据本空前的句子“A lot of organizations deal with challenges like maintaining productivity and quality of work”可知，许多组织要应对既要保持生产效率又要保证工作质量的挑战。本题中的“productivity and quality of work”为关键词，故选G项。2答案与解析：E根据本段中的“Half the battle i
34、s won once you prioritize (优先处理) your tasks”可知，一旦你优先处理你的任务你就胜利了一半了。本题中的“prioritize(优先处理)”为关键词，故选E项。3答案与解析：C根据本段小标题Schedule your work及本空前的句子“Dont overstretch yourself with your work”可知，要学会安排你的工作，不要过长时间工作，因此C项(而要把你的工作分成几部分)与本段主旨相照应，故选C项。4答案与解析：A根据上下文可知，本空为本段小标题，根据本段中的“While working on an important pro
35、ject, set your phone to silent mode or switch it off”可知，在做重要工作的时候要把手机调成静音或者关掉。因此本段主要讲的是在工作的时候要专心，不要分心，故选A项。5答案与解析：F根据本段小标题Cut outside noise及本空前的句子“You can use noisecanceling headphones for that”和空后的句子“In case that doesnt solve the problem, choose remote work.”可知，前面讲了你可以使用消音耳机来消除外界的噪音，后面又讲了如果那也解决不了问题
36、的话可以采用的方法。故本空应与上下文一致，介绍远离噪音的方法，F项(如果你仍然不能集中精力的话，搬到更安静的地方，比如会议室)符合题意。.短文改错2016全国卷My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle
37、 tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead，he hopes that our business will grow steady.答案：My uncle is the owner of a re
38、staurant close to I live. Though not very big, / the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is . Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are for cooki
39、ng. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in short period of time. Instead, he hopes that business will grow .that改为where。介词to后面的宾语从句缺少表地点的状语。where I live意为“我住的地方”。故将that改为where。删除but或but改为yet。though不和but连用，但可以和yet连用，故删除but或将but改为yet。句意为：尽管饭店不大，但是在我们那个地方很受欢迎。had改为have。此处描述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时。h
40、onest改为honesty。此处指他成功的秘诀是诚实，应用名词形式。or改为and。根据语境可知，fresh vegetables和high quality oil之间是并列关系，所以应用and连接。using改为used。use和其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，且be used for doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“被用来做某事”。句意为：每天他都确保用新鲜的蔬菜和高质量的油来烹饪。在dreams后加of/about。dream of/about (doing) sth.为固定搭配，意为“梦想(做)某事”。句意为：我叔叔说他从未梦想在短期内富裕起来。the改为a。in a short period of time为常用表达，意为“在短时间内”。our改为his。此处指叔叔的生意，故用形容词性物主代词his。steady改为steadily。此处表示“稳定地增长”，修饰动词grow，应用副词。
