1、北京市海淀区2022高三第一学期期中练习英语本试卷共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。A couple in Italy who met at a nightly balcony concert during the coronavirus lockdown are becoming a modern-day Romeo and Jul
2、iet in the same city where Shakespeares story of unfortunate lovers took place.Edda Farina and Marco Colombo 1 each other during one of the regular 6:00 pm 2 concerts designed to cheer up the community.Edda initially noticed Marco when she stepped outside to his violin_3_on his balcony. She said, “T
3、he music was like an arrow fired by Cupid”. Marco, who also fell in love at first sight, tracked Edda down on social media. The two kept_4_each other till one day Marco made a big banner to hang from the top floor of his building with Eddas name on it to_5 his love for her.They then had their first
4、date in a park as the restrictions were 6 in May. It turned out the couple had lived in the same neighbourhood for much of their lives, but it_7 a global pandemic to finally bring them together. Perhaps the fact that the couple could lean on each other during the lockdown meant that they had built a
5、 8 foundation before they met up. As Marco shared on his social media,“We are considering a wedding ceremony on the large roof of my apartment building, which would 9 since we met on our balconies”.Finally a balcony love story that ends happily-one Shakespeare himself could never have10 !1.A.greeted
6、B.recognizedC.spottedD.monitored2.A.balconyB.charityC.folkD.square3.A.studioB.talentC.practiceD.performance4.A.consultingB.messagingC.datingD.visiting5.A.seekB.declareC.shareD.win6.A.liftedB.announcedC.introducedD.rejected7.A.causedB.deservedC.neededD.took8.A.soundB.materialC.freshD.basic9.A.work ou
7、tB.take effectC.make senseD.pay off10.A. understood B. adoptedC. editedD. anticipated第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。ACharles Dickens was born on February 7th, 1812, the son of a clerk at the Navy Pay Office.His father,11 (continuous)
8、living beyond his means, was imprisoned for debt in the Marshalsea in 1824.Twelve-year-old Charles_12_(remove) from school and sent to work at a boot-blacking factory,earning six shillings a week to help support the family.This dark experience cast a shadow over the clever, sensitive boy.The childho
9、od poverty and feelings of abandonment would be a heavy influence 13 Dickens later views on social reform and the world he would create through his fiction.BFarming was considered part of the rural charm in the past. But now, farms have come to the concrete jungle and they can even be found high up
10、on balconies.According to a recent report 14 (release) by a Chinese e-commerce platform, the sales of vegetable seeds in the first quarter on T-mall doubled compared with the same period last year.Sales of products such as nutrient soil and gardening tools 15 (rise) three times since last April. Out
11、 of all the people 16 (buy) farming tools and seeds,most were born after 1995.CHow people think about their competence_17_(influence) how they learn and grow.People with a fixed mindset believe that their talents and qualities are pre-determined and unchanging.Therefore, they easily adopt limiting b
12、eliefs about_18 they can and cannot do. This fixed mindset can lead people to avoid challenges, to feel threatened by others success,and to turn a deaf ear_19 there is an ethical misbehavior. On the contrary,people driven by growth mindset are more convinced that their 20(capable) can be developed,
13、thus more motivated to take on challenges and respond well to criticism.第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ANias family moved often, finding shelter in rooms with relatives. Tensions rose with every move and shouting matches were constant.When everything came to a boil
14、, Nia found it best to keep silent.She became more and more withdrawn as she got older, losing confidence in herself and her voice.When she was a young adult, Nia had developed a fear of speaking. So when a friend told her about YouthCares Tile Project,she was terrified. But Nia wanted to take steps
15、 to find a job and support herself.She finally took a deep breath and decided to give it a shot.Nia signed up for a ceramic（陶瓷） class.The passion she gained for learning a new craft was clear-but when it came to group activities in the classroom,Nia struggled.She told staff that she didnt like being
16、 around people she didnt know. So when the class was given the opportunity to sell their artwork at a local fair,Nia hesitated.With the support from YouthCare Career Coordinator,Kate, she cautiously agreed.When the big day came,shoppers poured into the fair, approaching Nia with questions about the
17、program and art pieces for sale. Each time,Nia turned to Kate to whisper the answers in her ear,and Kate repeated the answers out loud. At one point during the fair, she was left alone for a moment.When a customer came up to ask a question, Nia answered with hesitation. Soon after,another visitor ca
18、me. When Kate returned to her side,Nia fought backher fears and answered their questions on her own.Nias confidence grew with every interaction. By the end of the day, she was beaming. “I was so impressed by Nia.She really loved explaining to customers how to fire ceramic,said Kate.“The artwork she
19、sold was the biggest sale of the day!”That day at the fair was life-changing for Nia. She discovered that she truly enjoyed talking to others-especially about art! With continued support from staff to build communication skills and confidence, Nia completed the Tile Project with flying colors.21.Wha
20、t made Nia finally decide to try the Project?A.Her family atmosphere.B.Her friends persuasion.C.Her desire to find a job.D.Her passion for ceramics.22.The fair is life-changing for Nia because she.A.discovered her true lovein artB.made the biggest sale in the fairC.won the recognition of customersD.
21、gained confidence through interaction23. What can we know about Nia?A. She was forced to the fair.B. She did very well throughout the fair.C. She finished the project successfully.D. She was struggling in learning ceramic.BIt is our mission to help busy but curious home cooks make the best purchase
22、decisions. Now compile our informative lists below.KitchnIf youre dedicated to learning the ins and outs of cooking and want a full program, Kitchn Cooking School offers an online course that includes 20 lessons over 20 days for only $30 each class.Each day, a new topic is covered, starting with kni
23、fe skills and ending with how to plan, cook and throw a dinner party. Most importantly, the instructors value the joy in cooking. The tone of Kitchn is light, playful, and fun, but still professional and very informative.UdemyWith over 183,000 online courses available, Udemy offers a variety of cook
24、ing courses taught by instructors around the country.Many videos come with bonus material that includes suggestions on kitchen tools and equipment. Udemy offers great deals with large sales on classes, as well as a selection of free content.Courses come with full,lifetime access when purchased and a
25、 30-day,money-back guarantee.Prices generally range from $10 to $30.RouxbeWidely recognized as the leading online cooking school among industry professionals,Rouxbe offers a wide array of individual lessons, plus their professional certificate programs.Membership costs around $15 per month or $99 pe
26、r year, but Rouxbe often offers discounts on their annual membership, as well as a 30-day free trial. So, if youve been struggling to come up with recipes to cook at home,Rouxbe is a fantastic resource that provides simple, quality professional guidance. NYTNYT is recognized for its food section and
27、 offers a large selection of instructional cooking videos online for all skill levels.For those with specific dietary preferences, you can easily find what youre looking for by selecting categories like dairy-free,low-carb,high fiber and more.Membership fee is around $5 per month or $40 annually for
28、 unlimited access.And,not to worry:You can cancel at any time.24. Which one is most likely to attract vegetarians?A.Kitchn.B.Udemy.C.Rouxbe.D.NYT.25. What can we know from the passage?A. Kitchn is recognized for its professional and informative style.B.Udemy offers rich cooking courses by worldwide
29、instructors.C. Rouxbe is highly thought of by industry professionals.D. NYT targets people with specific dietary preferences.26. What do the four schools have in common?A. They offer online courses.C.They provide extra materials.B.They allow special discounts.D.They engage famous instructors.27. Wha
30、t is the purpose of the passage?A. To compare the cooking methods.C.To promote home cooking skills.B. To recommend cooking schools.D. To introduce cooking coursesCNext FrontiersSchoolbooks typically present explorers as intrepid（勇敢的）individuals who，for example，sail wooden ships to new lands. But tod
31、ay most explorers who are making fundamental discoveries are scientists. And whether the frontiers are tiny, like the human genome, or massive, like our deepest oceans, we still have much left to learn about planet Earth.The quests that modern scientists pursue rival（比得上）anything in a history book o
32、r an adventure novel.Exploration is science in its most basic form-asking questions of the natural world and,we hope, using the answers for the betterment of everything on Earth.Exploration has great value. It inspires us, widens our knowledge and gives us hope for a better future. And the practical
33、 payoffs can even be lifesaving.Scientists who spent decades exploring what was in the atmosphere found that over time the concentration of carbon dioxide was rising.Without that discovery,we humans would now be living like the proverbial frog in a pot of gradually heating water, unsure why the envi
34、ronment around us is changing,and slowly boiling to death.The human drive to overcome challenges is an essential aspect of the human drive to explore,which, in most cases,spurs innovation. Early human submersibles that reached the bottom of the deepest ocean trenches made the trip just once,stressed
35、 by the enormous pressures there.But eventually a more stress-resistant deep-submergence vehicle,the Limiting Factor,allowed investor and undersea explorer Victor Vescovo to reach trench bottoms numerous times.Now there are roughly 4,000 autonomous Argo floats across the worlds oceans that dive down
36、 to 2,000 feet and resurface every 10 days.Programmable vessels greatly expand our reach and reduce the risk to the people involved in exploration,allowing for the kind of discovery that the human bodymight limit.The Argo group will also deploy dozens of sensors every year that will gather biologica
37、l andchemical data, leading to new observations about marine life.Other institutions plan to search the seas in unison, sending data to guide ships that forward the information to researchers on shore. Ocean research groups have made it a priority to openly share their discoveries and data with the
38、public and to inspire the next generation of young scientists. Anyone can go along for the ride-we can all be explorers. Maybe one day youll explore the Great Barrier Reef,the desert,or a rain-forest canopy.Captain James T. Kirk began each episode of the original Star Trek television series by sayin
39、g, “Space,the final frontier. Not necessarily. We still have plenty to discover right here on Earth,and we eagerly await surprises from the newest worlds we find.28. The example “proverbial frog”in Paragraph 3 is used to A. illustrate the significance of explorationB. stress the importance of knowle
40、dgeC. argue for the necessity of innovationD. show the impact of global warming29. We can learn from Paragraph 4 and 5 that A. the human desire to overcome challenges leads to innovationB. sea life observation is the final purpose of ocean explorationC. the findings of ocean exploration are rather d
41、isappointingD. new technologies push human exploration in the ocean30. What can we infer from the passage?A. Few modern scientists are true explorers.B. The space will be humans final frontier.C. Exploring is an in-born human quality.D. Exploring the earth can still be fruitful.DHumans have long gai
42、ned pleasure from the smells of the natural world. For the most part,though, human beings are not their target market. For plants, fragrances are a way to interact with insects and other animals. Their attraction for people happens simply by chance.In chemical terms, most natural fragrances are made
43、 up of volatiles-so called because of their tendency to change states suddenly. Volatiles evaporate easily, drifting into noses. In plants reproductive processes，smelly volatiles attract pollinators （授粉昆虫）.But their natural applications are much more varied. If an insect chews through the leaves of
44、some Bursera plants, out shoots a sticky, smelly liquid to trap it. Coyote tobacco plants are even more crafty: upon sensing the smell of hungry caterpillars, they produce volatiles that attract predators to kill the pests.What is truly amazing is just how wily plants can be in using their scents fo
45、r reproduction. White flowers often emit their scent at night to attract nocturnal pollinators such as moths. They produce a dilute nectar（稀释的花蜜）that encourages moths to keep moving，rather than linger at a single bloom-all the better to increase pollination. Other flowers change their fragrance afte
46、r being successfully pollinated, as a signal for insects to go elsewhere.But though “Scent is a story of plants cleverness, it is also a tale of the human kind. People have long used fragrances for their own purposes, particularly for use in religious ceremonies: perfume recipes on the walls of an E
47、gyptian temple in Edfu demonstrate just how long ingredients have been mixed in pursuit of the best blend. So highly prized were some scents that,to scare off competitors,Arab traders spread a legend about giant eagles that guarded cinnamon（肉桂）.Eventually scientists no longer needed natural sources
48、for fragrances. In 1866 a fragrance molecule was produced for the first time. Sixteen years later, Houbigant Parfum released Fougre Royale, the first “modern fantasy perfume that creates an imaginary scent rather than copying a natural one. Nowadays fragrance-making is dominated by man-made compound
49、s, which can be reliably and affordably produced in large quantities.That has led to the mass production of smelly products, from toilet paper to toothpaste. Scent is accordingly big business. It is said that a world-famous fragrance and flavour manufacturer that claims people interact with its prod
50、ucts up to 30 times a day, had sales of 3.8bn last year.31. According to Paragraph 1 and 2,which would the author agree with?A. Some plants might kill the pests with their smells.B. Fragrance is a tool for plants to protect themselves.C.People interact with nature easily through fragrance.D. Fragran
51、ces are less important to humans than to animals and insects.32. What does the underlined word “prized” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?A.Developed.B.Rewarded.C.Mixed.D.Valued.33. What can we learn from the passage?A. Humans do not use fragrances as purposefully as plants do.B. Natural sources for
52、 fragrances will be out of date in the future.C. Plants use fragrances to both attract and send away pollinators.D.Man-made fragrances have to be produced by copying natural ones.34.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Plants Smell, Insects PreyC. Fragrance: To Make or N
53、ot to MakeB. Smartness behind FragranceD. Fragrance Connects Human & Nature第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。How Sociologists Define CultureCulture is one of the most important concepts within sociology because sociologists recognize that it plays a crucial r
54、ole in our social lives. It is important for shaping social relationships, maintaining and challenging social order, determining how we make sense of the world and our place in it, and in shaping our everyday actions and experiences in society.35In brief,sociologists define the non-material aspects
55、of culture as the values and beliefs, language, communication and practices that are shared in common by a group of people. Expanding on these categories, culture is made up of our knowledge, common sense, assumptions and expectations. It is also the rules, norms, laws and moraIs that govern society
56、; the words we use as well as how we speak and write them; and the symbols we use to express meaning, ideas and concepts.36 It informs and is encapsulated in how we walk, sit, carry our bodies and interact with others;how we behave depending on the place, time and “audience; and how we express ident
57、ities of race,class and gender,among others.Culture includes the collective practices we participate in as well, such as religious ceremonies, the celebration of secular holidays and attending sporting events.37 This aspect of culture includes a wide variety of things, from buildings, technological
58、gadgets and clothing,to film,music,literature and art, among others. Aspects of material culture are more commonly referred to as cultural products.Sociologists see the two sides of culture-the material and non-material-as closely connected. Material culture emerges from and is shaped by the non-mat
59、erial aspects of culture.38 But it is not a one-way relationship between material and non-material culture. Material culture can also influence the non-material aspects of culture.For example,a powerful documentary film might change peoples attitudes and beliefs.39 What has come before in terms of m
60、usic,film,television and art, for example,influences the values,beliefs and expectations of those who interact with them,which then, in turn,influence the creation of additional cultural products.A. This is why cultural products tend to follow patterns.B. It is composed of both non-material and mate
61、rial things.C. Without culture, we would not have relationships or society.D.Culture is also what we do and how we behave and perform.E. Material culture is composed of the things that humans make and use.F.Culture is distinct from social structure and economic aspects of society.G. In other words,
62、what we value, believe and know influences the things that we make.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。Nobody likes to feel anxious. Anxiety is among the most common and criticized of human emotions. Studies show that over 100 million people i
63、n the U.S. will suffer from an anxiety disorder in their lifetime.Rates,especially among the young, have been rising for the past decade. It seems,then,that our efforts to contain anxiety arent working.As a clinical psychologist and neuroscience researcher,I believe that we mental health professiona
64、ls have made a terrible mistake. Feeling anxious isnt the problem. The problem is that we dont understand how to respond constructively to anxiety. Thats why its increasingly hard to know how to feel good.This “bad feeling isnt a failure of mental health. Its a triumph of human evolution: the abilit
65、y to think about the uncertain future and prepare for it. The unpleasant emotion,for example,fear,signals that you may be in danger-from a predator,bully or speeding car-and readies your body and mind to fight or take flight.Anxiety,by contrast,has nothing to do with present threats. Instead, it tur
66、ns you into a mental time traveler,drawing your attention to what lies ahead. Will you succeed or fail in that interview for a job you desperately want? Anxiety prompts your mind and body into action. Your worries force you to prepare thoroughly for the interview, while your heart races and pumps bl
67、ood to your brain so that you stay sharp and focused,prepared to pursue your goals.Research has also shown something that many scientists didnt expect： higher levels of dopamine（多巴胺）when were anxious.We have long known that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable and also in anticipation of
68、 rewards. The fact that anxiety also boosts dopamine levels points to its role in making positive possibilities into reality.Many of us feel overwhelmed by lasting anxiety and dont see any benefit from it. We have come to believe that the best way to cope is to get rid of it. But treating anxiety li
69、ke a disease prevents us from distinguishing between ordinary anxiety and anxiety disorders. We need to develop a new mindset about this misunderstood emotion. Anxiety cant do its job unless it makes us uncomfortable, forcing us to sit up and pay attention. We dont need to like anxiety-just to use i
70、t in the right way.40. Why is it increasingly hard for us to know how to feel good?41.How does anxiety help one in a job interview?42.Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.Research has shown that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurab
71、le, but it is in lower levels when we are anxious.43.How do you cope with anxiety positively in your daily life? (In about 40 words)第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三（1）班班长李华。近期你班计划开展“信息安全教育”的主题班会，请你给你班交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1班会目的及活动安排；2请他参加并在会后发表感想。注意：1词数100左右；2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词语：information securityDear Jim,. . . .
72、 . .Yours,Li Hua（请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）高三英语参考答案2022. 11第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. D第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）11. continuously 12. was removed13. on/upon/over 14. released15. have risen16. buying 17. influences 18. what 19. when/if20. capability
73、/capabilities第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）21. C 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）35. B 36. D 37. E 38. G 39. A第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分）40. Because we dont understand how to respond constructi
74、vely to anxiety.41. Anxiety prompts ones/a persons mind and body into action. Ones/A persons worries force him to prepare thoroughly for the interview, while his heart races and pumps blood to his brain so that he stays sharp and focused, prepared to pursue his goals.42. Research has shown that dopa
75、mine soars when an experience is pleasurable, but it is in lower levels when we are anxious. According to the passage, we have higher levels of dopamine when were anxious.43. Possible version:Im usually anxious about the tons of work ahead. To deal with it, I make a checklist of the tasks in order o
76、f priority. Whenever I finish one, Ill tick it off. In this way, anxiety pushes me forward and I translate it into productivity.第二节 （20分）One possible version:Dear Jim,How is everything going? Im writing to invite you to attend our class meeting themed “information security”. To raise our awareness o
77、f information security and learn how to protect personal information, the class meeting will be held in our classroom at 4:00 pm next Friday. First, an expert in public security will give us a lecture on cyber-crimes and how to take precautions. After that, we will make posters to remind our schoolmates to avoid falling victim to relevant traps. I think it is both interesting and instructive to take part. I sincerely hope you can join us and share your feelings at the end of the meeting. Would you like to come? Expecting your reply. Yours,Li Hua
