1、课时跟踪训练(五).单词拼写/用所给词的正确形式填空1We should _ (平衡) study and play, which will make us make great progress in our study.答案balance2To be admitted to a key university is my _ (目标) in my school life.答案aim3Dont touch the _， which is harmful to your skin.答案liquid4There was a _ (阶段) when I didnt like studying.答案s
2、tage5Its delicious. Someone is _ (煮) meat.答案boiling6Our chemistry teacher _ some liquids into the water and the _ tasted very terrible. (mix)答案mixed；mixture7The school has been rebuilt and it is well _. Much money has been spent on the office _. (equip)答案equipped；equipment8To our _， the famous star
3、died. Thats to say, we were _ at the news of her sudden death, and it was really _. (astonish)答案astonishment；astonished；astonishing9People can reach their _ (conclude) from all the information.答案conclusions10We were holding the party when the _ (electrical) was cut off.答案electricity.完成句子1问题越难，学生回答上来
4、的可能性越小。_ the questions are, _ the students are able to answer them.答案The more difficult；the less likely2你不辞劳苦帮我们，你真是太好了。_ take trouble to help us.答案Its very kind of you to3听到那个消息，学生们冲了出去。Out _ when they heard the news.答案rushed the students4四分之三的工人来自偏远山村。_ come from remote mountain village.答案Threefou
5、rths of the workers5对他来说放弃玩电脑游戏很难。_ give up playing computer games.答案It is difficult for him to.阅读理解A(2017全国卷)When a leafy plant is under attack，it doesnt sit quietly. Back in 1983，two scientists，Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin，reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a partic
6、ular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds，VOCs for short.Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs
7、when being attacked .Its a plants way of crying out.But is anyone listening？Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbours react.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty .They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies
8、to the attackers. Once they arrive, the_tables_are_turned.The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.In study after study，it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant，but the neighbors, relatively speaking ，stay safer bec
9、ause they heard the alarm and knew what to do. Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists dont know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear”
10、the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasnt a true, intentional back and forth.Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. Theres a whole lot going on.语篇解读：研究发现，植物受到昆虫攻击时，会通过两种方式实施自我保
11、护：第一种是释放一种化学物质，让周围的邻居接收后减少伤害；第二种是产生一种香味引来袭击者的天敌消灭袭击者。1What does a plant do when it is under attack?AIt makes noises.BIt gets help from other plants.CIt stands quietly.DIt sends out certain chemicals.解析细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“.young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighb
12、oring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.”可知，当植物受到攻击时，会释放出某种化学物质。故选D项。答案D2What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in Paragraph 3?AThe attackers get attacked.BThe insects gather under the table.CThe plants get ready to fight b
13、ack.DThe perfumes attract natural enemies.解析词义猜测题。后句对该短语进行了解释：The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.(原来正在吃午餐的袭击者现在变成了午餐)，也就是A项所说的袭击者受到了攻击。故选A。答案A3Scientists find from their studies that plants can _.Apredict natural disastersBprotect themselves against insectsCtalk to one another intention
14、allyDhelp their neighbors when necessary解析推理判断题。由文章的描述可知，当受到昆虫攻击时，有的植物会释放一种有难闻气味的化学物质来驱赶昆虫(Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.)，有的植物会释放香味引来袭击者的天敌(They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.)，无论哪种情况，都是为了保护自己，由此可知选B。A项所
15、说的预测自然灾害，文中没有提及；C项属于曲解文意，原文说的是“Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists dont know.”，不是C项所说的“有意识地谈话”。由原文中的“Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itseff.”可知第一个遭受袭击的植物的本意并不是为了帮助邻居，故D项错误。答案B4What can
16、 we infer from the last paragraph?AThe world is changing faster than ever.BPeople have stronger senses than before.CThe world is more complex than it seems.DPeople in Darwins time were more imaginative.解析推理判断题。最后一段告诉我们，达尔文在150多年前就想象世界要比我们感知的更繁忙、更吵闹、更亲密，由此可以推断C项所说的“世界远比看上去的要复杂”符合语境。答案CB(2018福建宁德重点中学月
17、考)Crime fighters could have a new tool at hand. Researchers have developed a cuttingedge technique to identify human hair. Their test is quicker than DNA analysis techniques currently used by law enforcement.DNA testing is commonly used for identification because DNA is unique to each individual (个体
18、). However, environmental and chemical processes can degrade DNA, limiting its usefulness over time. Protein (蛋白质) in hair, on the other hand, is more stable than DNA but can also have variations (变体) that may be unique to the individual.“Our analysis process can be used universally，” says Ms. Huang
19、. “One of our samples (样本) even included dyed hair and the test was 100 percent accurate. The test was able to distinguish East Asians, Caucasians and South Asians.”Dr. Beauchemin says she has got in touch with law enforcement agencies about using the new technology. She is also planning to collect
20、more hair samples and continue her research with a goal of finding where exactly in the world the hair sample is from, to look for more races and determine specific age.“We are in a very similar place with proteinbased identification to where DNA testing was during the early days of its development
21、，” said chemist Brad Hart. “This method will be a gamechanger, and while weve made a lot of progress toward improving it, there are steps to go before this new technique is able to reach its full potential.”语篇解读：本文主要讲述了一种新型的打击犯罪的技术头发验证。5Whats the main purpose of the text?ATo analyze crime scenes.BTo
22、 distinguish different races.CTo show the usefulness of DNA testing.DTo introduce a new identification method.解析目的意图题。根据第一段的第一句“Crime fighters could have a new tool at hand”和全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要介绍了一种可用于打击犯罪的新的辨别方法，即通过头发中的蛋白质进行验证，故选D。答案D6Which will be the most useful in identifying a person according to B
23、rad Hart?AChemical materials. BProtein in hair.CDNA variations. DBlood samples.解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“This method will be a gamechanger”并结合第二段内容可推知，Brad Hart认为通过鉴定头发中的蛋白质来辨明一个人的身份是最有用的，故选B。gamechanger在此处表示“力挽狂澜者”。答案B7Whats the advantage of the proteinbased identification over DNA testing?AStability. BPopu
24、larity.CSecurity. DConvenience.解析细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“Protein (蛋白质) in hair, on the other hand, is more stable than DNA but can also have variations (变体) that may be unique to the individual”可知，以头发里的蛋白质为基础的检测手段与DNA检测相比最大的优势就是其稳定性，故选A。答案A8What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the text?ADNA test
25、ing will soon reach its full potential.BProteinbased identification remains to be improved.CProteinbased identification has replaced DNA testing.DDNA testing develops as rapidly as proteinbased identification.解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，这种新的技术还有待改善，故选B。答案B.七选五阅读填空(2018云南高中毕业生统一检测一)Courage is a personality qual
26、ity that everyone possesses, but it sometimes fades because of bad experiences or memories. _1_. By identifying the source of any lack of courage and actively changing your behavior, you can build courage.Determine your specific fears. People are often reluctant to admit that they are afraid of some
27、thing and this may be weakening their confidence and courage. In order to begin building courage, you need to determine your specific fears. _2_. This may help you to develop a plan to overcome them and build your courage.Recognize your courage. Just as its important to identify your fears, you shou
28、ld also recognize that you also possess courage in many situations. _3_. It can help you to figure out how to apply this quality to situations in your life that cause timidity (胆怯). It can also help you to develop your behavior and begin building courage in every aspect of your life.Develop a concre
29、te plan to build your courage. Once youve identified your specific fears and recognized situations where you exhibit courage, write out your plan to build your courage and update it when necessary. _4_， for it helps you stay on track if you have setbacks and see your progress over time.Avoid compari
30、ng yourself to others. Every person is different and comparing yourself to other people can minimize your selfconfidence. Focusing on yourself and not comparing yourself to others is essential to build your confidence and courage.5_. Two characteristics of courageous people are that they not only ha
31、ve confidence, but also believe in their ability to succeed and overcome fears. By cultivating and projecting confidence in yourself, you set yourself on the path to build and maintain courage.APart of building your courage is taking risksBEmbrace the positive and avoid the negativeCWrite a list of
32、your fears as you figure them outDHaving a clear strategy you can follow is importantETake the time to acknowledge that you are courageousFHave confidence and believe in your ability to be courageousGHaving courage is necessary to succeed in many situations in life语篇解读：本文告诉我们如何拥有勇气。1解析上文提到由于不好的经历或记忆
33、，一个人的勇气有时会消减，但勇气是每个人都拥有的性格特点，故此处应承接上文继续讲述勇气对每个人的重要性，故选G项。答案G2解析本段主题是确定你害怕的东西(fears)，且根据空前的“determine your specific fears”可知，C选项最合适。答案C3解析本段主题是要承认自己的勇气，E选项中的“acknowledge that you are courageous”意为“承认你有勇气”，故选E项。答案E4解析本段主题为制订计划，D项中的strategy意为“策略”，与下文的“it helps you stay on track”中的it相呼应。答案D5解析根据下文中的“they not only have confidence, but also believe in their ability to succeed and overcome fears”可知，本段讨论信心，故选F项。答案F
