1、选修8 Unit 1 强化2次练一、单元基础训练(限时25分钟).翻译句子1我们决不应该忽视这些错误。(by no means放句首引起的倒装)By_no_means_ought_we_to_ignore_the_mistakes.2大多数学生学习都很努力。(majority)The_majority_of_students_are_hardworking._3你的国籍是什么？中国。(nationality)Whats_your_nationality?Chinese.4我们党支部昨天吸收了一名新党员。(take in)Our_Party_branch_took_in_a_new_member
2、_yesterday.5实践表明，每天运动可以让你减肥。(indicate)Practice_indicates_that_doing_exercises_every_day_can_make_you_lose_weight._6我们选出詹姆斯当主席。(elect)We_elected_James_chairman._7我觉得我再也无法坚持下去了。(keep up)I_dont_think_I_can_keep_this_up_any_longer._8我不知道该怎么办，但那时突然想到了一个主意。(occur to)I_didnt_know_what_to_do,_but_then_an_id
3、ea_suddenly_occurred_to_me.9中国人口众多，但其中70%是农民。(percent)The_population_of_China_is_large,_but_70_percent_of_the_population_are_farmers.10他们靠每周70英镑维持生活。(live on)They_live_on_70/seventy_pounds_a_week._.完形填空There are more than four million American Indians and Alaskan natives in the United States. They _
4、1_ to more than five hundred Indian tribes. Many tribe _2_ live on reservations. These are areas that the United States government _3_ up for native tribes that had lost their lands to European settlers.There are about three hundred Indian reservations in the United States, some of _4_ are larger th
5、an American _5_. The United States Interior Departments Bureau of Indian Affairs supervises these territories. Tribes on reservations have limited selfrule.On the _6_， American Indians do not _7_ the same economic and educational success as other Americans. A(n) _8_ study by Harvard University says
6、American Indians generally _9_ less money and have _10_ unemployment than other Americans. The study says they also have higher _11_ of disease and die younger than other American groups.The Bureau of Indian Affairs _12_ education services for almost fifty thousand Indian children in 1,084 _13_. Exp
7、erts from Harvard say college attendance rates among the Indian population is half that of the _14_ population. But, they also say the situation is improving. The experts say the _15_ of Native American Indians _16_ higher education has more than doubled in the last twenty years.Harvard researchers
8、_17_ say that the American Indian economy has _18_ at three times the national rate since 1980s. Some of the _19_ should be owed to expansion of the American Indian gambling industry. More than two hundred Indian tribes have _20_ gambling legal on their reservations. Native American casinos (赌场) and
9、 other gaming businesses earn more than twenty billion dollars each year.语篇解读：美国有四百多万美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加人。本文从经济、工作、教育等方面介绍了印第安人的情况。1A.stickBbelongCconnect Ddepend解析：选B上文谈到“有四百多万美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加人”，下文谈到“五百多个印第安部落”。由此可看出，这些人“属于”这些部落，因此选belong。2A.natives BpeopleCpersons Dmembers解析：选D此处指居住在保留地上的部落“成员”。3A.set BheldCga
10、ve Dtook解析：选A由前面的areas判断，要用set up(建立)。hold up意为“支撑”；give up意为“放弃”；take up意为“占用”。4A.them BwhomCwhich Dwhat解析：选C根据该空前面的逗号可知，此处为非限制性定语从句。由于先行词是reservations，指物，因此选which。5A.states BcountriesCprovinces Dneighbours解析：选A根据上下文语境可知，此处表示有些保留地的面积比美国一些州的面积还要大。6A.hand BwholeCcontrary Dway解析：选Bon the whole为固定短语，意为
11、“总的来说”。7A.spare BsaveCenjoy Dlike解析：选C根据下文的“less money”和“unemployment”判断，答案应为enjoy，意为“享有”。8A.containing BincludingCremaining Dcontinuing解析：选D句意：哈佛大学一直在进行一项研究，该研究报告表明。continuing意为“持续的”。9A.borrow BlendCearn Dpay解析：选C根据上文提到的“印第安人没有同其他美国人一样享有经济和教育上的成功”推断，印第安人赚的钱要少。10A.much BmoreCmany Denough解析：选B根据下文的“t
12、han”可知，此处要用more，构成比较级，表示印第安人的失业率较高。11A.rates BdatesCscores Dcosts解析：选Arate意为“比率”。此处指“患病的比率”。12A.offers BprovidesCgives Dcontributes解析：选B根据下文的介词“for”并结合语境判断，此处要用provides。provide sth. for sb.意为“给某人提供某物”。13A.homes BhospitalsCschools Dparks解析：选C由前面的“education”推断，此处应选schools。14A.ordinary BcommonCspecial
13、Dgeneral解析：选Dgeneral意为“总体的”。general population意为“总人口”。15A.number BqualityCamount Dplenty解析：选A根据下文谈到的“在过去的20年里翻了一倍多”判断，此处应为“数目”。16A.searching BseekingCacknowledging Dteaching解析：选B此处为“寻求高等教育的人”。17A.ever BevenCalso Dstill解析：选Calso意为“还；也”。第14空后的“they also say”是提示。18A.planted BraisedCarisen Dgrown解析：选D上文
14、谈到“情况有了改善”，“寻求高等教育的人多了”，因此“经济也就增长了”。19A.improvement BmanagementCinstruction Dimpression解析：选Aimprovement意为“提高，改进”。与上一段中的“they also say the situation is improving”相呼应。20A.treated BobeyedCruled Dmade解析：选D该句为“make sth.adj.”结构，此处表示“使赌博合法化”。二、阅读理解提速练(限时25分钟)AIn this article, well come to two things invent
15、ed by women, Liquid Paper and Windshield Wiper.Bette Graham was not a very good typist.Still the high school dropout worked her way to become the executive secretary for the chairman of the board of the Texas Bank And Trust.It was in the 1950s, and the electric typewriter was just introduced.Secreta
16、ries often found themselves difficult to correct errors.One day, Graham watched workers painting a holiday display on a bank window.She noticed that when they made mistakes, they simply added another layer of paint to cover them up, and she thought she could apply that idea to her typing blunders.Gr
17、aham mixed up waterbased paint with dye (染料) that matched her companys paper.Then she was able to quickly correct her errors.Soon, the other secretaries were asking for the product, which Graham continued to produce in her kitchen.Graham was fired from her job for her spending too much time distribu
18、ting her product, but she was able to improve her mixture, renamed the product “Liquid Paper” and received a patent in 1958.At the dawn of the 20th century, Mary Anderson went to New York City for the first time.There were no cabs honking, nor were there thousands of cars rushing in traffic.Cars wer
19、e quite rare when Anderson took that trip, but the woman from Alabama ended up inventing something that has become standard on every automobile.During her trip, Anderson took a tram (电车) through the snowcovered city.She noticed that the driver had to stop the tram every few minutes to wipe the snow
20、off his front window.At the time, all drivers had to do so; rain and snow were thought to be things drivers had to deal with, for they resulted in poor visibility.When she returned home, Anderson developed a squeegee (橡胶刷) attached to a handle inside the car.When the driver needed to clear the glass
21、, he simply pulled on the handle.Anderson received a patent for her device in 1903; just 10 years later, thousands of Americans owned a car with her invention.语篇解读：本文介绍了两项由女人发明的事物：修正液和雨刮器。1The underlined word “blunders” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _.Asome kinds of dyeBinventionsClayers o
22、f paint Derrors解析：选D词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“and she thought she could apply that idea to”并结合第二段中的“Secretaries often found themselves difficult to correct errors.”可知，此处的blunders表示“错误”的含义，故选D项。2Which of the following statements is true?ABette Graham once lost her job because of her devotion to her invention.BMa
23、ry Anderson was a Canadian who moved to work in New York City.CThe popularity of cars in America contributed to Mary Andersons invention.DBoth of the women in the text were great scientists who made great inventions.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Graham was fired from her job for her spending too much time dist
24、ributing her product”可知，由于花费过多的时间在她自己的发明上，Graham被解雇了。3What can we learn from the two inventions in the text?AFailure is the mother of success.BMen make errors so long as they struggle.CGenius only means working hard all ones life.DInspiration from daily life is the source of inventions.解析：选D推理判断题。根据
25、全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了两位女性在平凡的日常事务中的发明，由此告诉我们来自日常生活的灵感是发明的源泉。BWe reached the most dangerous part of the river.There were three rapids which had to be passed.The water was then low and the rocks numerous, threatening great danger to the boats.When the water is high, it is less difficult to pass, for the diff
26、erence of level in the rapids becomes much less, and the danger of being driven on to the rocks is also greatly decreased.The great noise caused by the falling water warned us of the closeness of the rapids, though we had heard it a long way back.At the first big fall we unloaded our boat, carrying
27、everything on the local mens shoulders along the dangerous part of the shore; but we all returned to the boat to make our dash through the rushing water.For me it was quite a new feeling.I had full faith in the local men, especially in the expert who steered (掌舵) the boat.Drawn up to his fullest hei
28、ght, he looked eagerly for the best passage.This was no easy task, for not only did the steersman have to avoid the rocks which were above water, but those beneath it, which were still more dangerous, likely to turn over the boat in an instant.At first the current (水流) seemed nothing out of the comm
29、on.However, as we approached, it increased in force until it became extraordinarily strong.About 50 or 60 yards from the rapids our steersman had already made up his mind which way to take.His great object was to keep the boat going on in the current; or we would be turned over and done for!As we ap
30、proached the bigger part of the fall the paddlers redoubled their efforts and our long, light, narrow boat shot like an arrow down the fall, and in an instant was righted in the water of the pool beneath.Thank goodness!语篇解读：本文介绍了作者作为户外运动爱好者所经历的冒险。4Who might be the author?AA skillful steersman.BAn ex
31、pert paddler.CAn outdoor activity lover.DA local travel guide.解析：选C推理判断题。根据全文，特别是第一段中的“We reached the most dangerous part of the river.”及第二段中的“For me it was quite a new feeling.”可知，作者可能是一位喜欢探险的户外运动爱好者。故选C项。5What made the trip much more dangerous?AThe high water. BThe narrow boat.CThe big fall. DThe
32、hidden rocks.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“for not only did the steersman have to avoid the rocks which were above water, but those beneath it, which were still more dangerous”可知，更危险的是水面下的岩石。故选D项。6What happened to the boat at last?AIt was turned over. BIt landed safe in the pool.CIt fell like an arrow. DIt wen
33、t off the course.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段的“our long, light, narrow boat shot like an arrow down the fall, and in an instant was righted in the water of the pool beneath.Thank goodness！”可知，他们的船最后安全落在(瀑布)下面的水潭上。故选B项。CDo you feel lucky? You probably dont.You may think youve got where you are today through wil
34、lpower and hard work.We tend to overlook lucks role, and this seems to get worse the richer we get; surveys show that the wealthiest are least likely to owe their fortune to good fortune.Many such people oppose taxation (税收) and government spending; why should others get a handout (救济品) if they dont
35、 need one? More often than not, they vote against the very policies that helped them get lucky to begin with.In a recent essay from The Atlantic, Robert Frank, an economist who has studied attitudes to chance, quoted (引用) EB.White: “Luck_is_not_something_you_can_mention_in_the_presence_of_selfmade_m
36、en.”However, if we see this just as a problem of the superrich people, we may let the rest of us off too easily.Anyone living in a highly developed economy in 2016 is already the one who benefits from luck for example, not living in the modernday Central African Republic, where few people can live a
37、 long life.In fact, we are lucky to have been born human.You might have been a battery hen, or a mayfly with only one day to live.Our blindness to such truths isnt only because were selfabsorbed but also we attach more significance to things that are easier to call to mind.On the one hand, its not h
38、ard to recall countless times when you put in the effort to succeed struggling through university finals, preparing for job interviews, tolerating a longdistance travel to work.On the other hand, its rather difficult to realize youre privileged like not being born in a war zone, or before antibiotic
39、s (抗生素) , and so forth.语篇解读：文章主要阐述了运气在人们生活中所起的作用。7What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?ASelfmade men dont like to be talked about.BSuccessful people owe their achievements to luck.CSuccessful people tend to overlook the role of luck.DSelfmade men are more likely to show off their fo
40、rtune.解析：选C句意理解题。画线句直译为“在白手起家的人们面前，你不能提及幸运(这个词)”。再根据第一段中的“We tend to overlook lucks role, and this seems to get worse the richer we get”可知，很多人，特别是一些富人往往忽视运气的作用。故选C项。8According to the author, you are fortunate if you are not _.Astruggling through university finalsBpreparing for interviewsCtolerating
41、a long distance travelDliving in a war zone解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“not living in the modernday”和第三段的“its rather difficult to realize .not being born in a war zone”可知，生活在没有战争的地方是一种幸运。故选D项。9We can learn from the passage that _.Afew people in Africa are luckyBeach of us is actually privilegedCpeople value t
42、he importance of luckDpeople succeed because of luck解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“However .we may let the rest of us off too easily.Anyone living in .is already the one who benefits from luck”以及第三段的“On the other hand, its rather difficult to realize youre privileged”可知，虽然人们往往忽视运气的作用，但事实上每个人都是幸运的。故选B项。10Which of the following might be the best title for the text?ALuck Is a Blessing BWe Are LuckyCHow to Be Lucky DWho Is Lucky解析：选B标题归纳题。根据全文，特别是第一段和第三段可知，作者在文章中从多方面剖析了运气的重要性和不可或缺性。他认为每个人都是幸运的。故选B项。
