1、Unit 2 Cloning一、刷黑板.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1twin n 双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一adj. 成对的；成双的2straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的3carrier n. 携带者；搬运工；运输工具4arbitrary adj. 任意的5fate n. 命运；天命 第二屏听写6medium n(pl.media)媒介；手段；工具7the media 大众传播媒体(如电视、报纸等)8conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的9constitution n. 宪法；章程10compulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的11op
2、era n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院 第三屏听写12chorus n合唱；合唱队13loaf n. 一条(面包)14flour n. 面粉15claw n. 爪；脚爪16turkey n. 火鸡17feather n. 羽毛 .高频词汇(汉译英)第四屏听写1differ vi.不同；相异2exact adj. 精确的；准确的3identical adj. 同一的；一模一样的4commercial_ adj. 商业的；贸易的5complicated adj. 复杂的；难懂的6undertake vt. 着手；从事；承担7breakthrough n. 突破 第五屏听写8procedure n 程序
3、；步骤；手续9cast vt. 扔；投；掷10altogether adv. 总共；完全地11correction n. 改正；纠正；修正12object vi. 反对；不赞成13objection n. 不赞成；反对；异议14obtain vt. 获得；赢得 第六屏听写15attain vt. 获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)16forbid vt. 禁止；不准17accumulate vt.&vi. 积累；聚积18owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于19shortly adv. 立刻；不久20retire vi. 退休；离开 第七屏听写21bother vt. 打扰vi. 操心n.
4、 烦扰22assumption n. 假定；设想23regulation n. 规则；规章；法规24popularity n. 受人喜爱；流行25strike_ vt.&vi. 打；撞击；罢工n. 罢工 第八屏听写26adore vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱27hatch vt.&vi. 孵出；孵卵；孵化28reasonable adj. 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的29resist vt. 抵抗；对抗30drawback n. 缺点；不利条件31merely adv. 仅；只；不过32decoration n. 装饰 第九屏听写33unable adj.不能的；不会的34initial adj.
5、最初的；开始的35impact n. 撞击；冲击；巨大的影响36moral adj. 道德(上)的；伦理的37vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的38in_vain 白费力气；枉费心机39(be)_bound_to_(do). 一定或注定(做) 第十屏听写40strike_._into_ones_heart使刻骨铭心41from_time_to_time_ 不时；偶尔42bring_back_to_life 使复生；使复活43in_favour_of 赞成；支持44in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)45cast_down 使失望；使沮丧46pay
6、_off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清二、刷清单(一)核心单词阅读单词1.twin n. 双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一adj. 成对的；成双的2straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的3arbitrary adj. 任意的4medium n. 媒介；手段；工具5.fate n 命运；天命6conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的7constitution n. 宪法；章程8compulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的9.opera n 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院10chorus n. 合唱；合唱队11loaf n. 一条(面包)12flour n. 面粉
7、13claw n. 爪；脚爪14feather n. 羽毛15turkey n. 火鸡表达单词1._exact adj.精确的；准确的2cast vt. 扔；投；掷3obtain vt. 获得；赢得4attain vt. 获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)5forbid vt. 禁止；不准6shortly adv. 立刻；不久7strike v. 打；撞击；罢工n. 罢工8undertake vt. 着手；从事；承担9breakthrough n. 突破10altogether adv. 总共；完全地11vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的12owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于1
8、3._initial adj. 最初的；开始的14bother vt. 打扰 vi. 操心 n. 烦扰15drawback n. 缺点；不利条件16merely adv. 仅；只；不过17unable adj. 不能的；不会的18adore vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱19hatch v. 孵出；孵卵；孵化20moral adj. 道德(上)的；伦理的语境活用1With medical breakthrough (突破), people are living a healthier and longer life.2As is well known to all, there are altoge
9、ther (总共) seven continents in the world. 3Nowadays, energy can be obtained/attained (获得) through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.4We are supposed to undertake (承担) the responsibility to lead a lowcarbon lifestyle, which is of great significance.5O
10、ur school is a nonsmoking school.So smoking is forbidden (禁止) here.6So I have no choice but to bother_(打扰) you to correct my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.7But just as a coin has two sides, Internet has its own drawbacks_(缺点) which should not be neglected. 8I regret to inform you t
11、hat we are unable (不能的) to offer you employment.9I adore (崇拜) my English teacher because he can always create an atmosphere where all the students feel respected and cared for.10The wellknown scientist always says that he owes (归功于) all his success to the support of his family.拓展单词1.differ vi.不同；相异d
12、ifferent adj.不同的difference n差异；不同2identical adj.同一的；一模一样的identity n身份；同一性；一致3commercial adj.商业的；贸易的commerce n商业；贸易4complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的complicate vt.使复杂化complication n复杂5correction n改正；纠正；修正correct adj.正确的 v改正6object vi.反对；不赞成objection n不赞成；反对；异议7accumulate v积累；聚积accumulation n积累；增加8retire vi.退休；
13、离开retirement n退休；引退9assumption n假定；设想assume vt.假定；设想10regulation n规则；规章；法规regulate vt.调节；管理11popularity n受人喜爱；流行popular adj.流行的；通俗的；受欢迎的12resist vt.抵抗；对抗resistance n抵抗；对抗resistant adj.有抵抗力的；抵制的13decoration n装饰；装修decorate v装饰；装修14reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的reason n原因；道理语境活用1From the appearance, we c
14、annot tell the difference between the twins, though they always have some different ideas.(differ)2Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no objection to it, while his father objected to it. (object)3When you set up your passwords on the Internet, youd better complicate them, be
15、cause the more complicated your passwords are, the safer your Internet becomes. (complication)4The purpose of education is not only the accumulation of knowledge but it also means accumulating intelligence as well as abilities. (accumulate)5Dont assume that you are a princess and stop living in assu
16、mptions any more. (assume)6Nowadays few people can resist the temptation of smartphones, for so many interesting things in them make anyone trying to be resistant to them finally give up their resistance.(resist)7He retired from the post as a manager. After his retirement,_he settled down in a remot
17、e village. (retire)(二)常用短语写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.object_to反对2pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清3in_vain 白费力气；枉费心机4in_favour_of 赞成；支持5from_time_to_time 不时；偶尔6bring_back_to_life 使复生；使复活7cast_down 使失望；使沮丧8(be)_bound_to_(do)_. 一定或注定(做)9strike_.into_ones_heart 使刻骨铭心10in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)1.His hard work
18、 paid_off when he won the prize.2The people who objected_to cloning human beings went on strike and held up the traffic.3Everyone in the class voted in_favour_of the dancing party.4I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in_vain.5A dishonest person_is_bound_to meet with setback
19、s sooner or later.6In making scientific experiments, we should not be cast_down by temporary setbacks.(三)经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写1.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。then 位于句首时句子用全部倒装。接着传来了屠呦呦，一位中国女科学家，获得诺贝尔奖的令人兴奋的消息。Then_came_the_exciting_news_that Tu Youyou, a
20、Chinese woman scientist, won the Nobel Prize.2.What do you think is the writers point of view in this reading passage?你认为这篇阅读材料中作者的观点是什么？do you think作插入语。这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣？Which_part_of_this_book_do_you_think is the most interesting？3.The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animal
21、s may die .其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉that引导的表语从句。骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。The advantage of cycling to work is_that_we_can_live_a_lowcarbon_life.一、过重点单词1object vi.反对；不赞成经典例句Unless our manager objects to Toms joining the club, we shall accept him as a member.我们愿意接受汤姆为俱乐部的成员，除非经理反对他加入本俱乐部。(1)object to反对
22、；不赞成(to是介词)(2)objection n. 反对；异议；不赞成objective adj. 客观的；真实的；宾语的题点全练单句语法填空A majority of students objected to being_arranged (arrange) for extra lessons during holidays and weekends.The villagers raised an objection_(object) to building a chemical plant beside the river.You should stop blaming yourself
23、 and be more objective (object) about your ability, which I feel is a sure way to promote your confidence.2forbid vt.(forbade, forbad; forbidden) 禁止；不准教材原句Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning. 有些政府开始改革司法制度，明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究。forbid doing sth.禁止做某事forbid sb. to
24、do sth.forbid sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事题点全练单句语法填空It is high time we forbade setting (set) off fireworks in urban areas!I think the middle school students should be forbidden_to_use (use) smartphones at school.So I think it necessary to forbid shops and supermarkets from offering free plastic shopp
25、ing bags.名师指津forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbid sb. to do sth.形式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow, permit, advise等。3owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于；应感谢教材原句You owe the lady an apology.你应该向这位女士道歉。owe sth. to sb.把某事归功于某人owe it to sb. that . 把归功于某人owing to 因为；由于多角练透单句语法填空My English teacher is such a great soul, to whom I
26、 owe many thanks.Owing (owe) to his optimism and perseverance, he was admitted into Beijing University.补全句子I owe_it_to_you_that I have made great progress in my English. 我在英语上取得了很大进步，这要归功于你。4bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n烦扰教材原句However, the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scien
27、tists.然而，之后它患上了严重肺病的问题困扰着科学家们。bother to do sth.操心/费心做某事bother doing sth. 费心做某事bother sb. with sth. 为某事打扰某人bother sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事多角练透单句语法填空He is always bothering me to_lend (lend) him money.Dont bother to_look/looking_(look) for my umbrella, and it will turn up some day.单句改错Im sorry I have bot
28、hered you to so many questions.towith5strike v(struck, struck)打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时 n罢工教材原句The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park, in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into peoples hearts.在侏罗纪公园这部影片中，有一位科学家克隆了好几种不同
29、的绝种恐龙。类似这样的电影很受欢迎，证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧。be struck by 被打动/迷住了it strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that . 某人突然想起strike . into ones heart 使刻骨铭心题点全练单句语法填空It_struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.Struck (strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, we st
30、opped to admire the beautiful scenery.Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion, one Id strike into my heart forever.单句语法填空1He has a strong objection to smoking (smoke) in public places, especially with females present. 2Why bother going/to_go (go) a
31、broad to study, when there are so many good universities at home?3Our strength is from many sources, but most of all, we owe our success to the creativity of our people.4When climbing Mount Huang, all the tourists were_struck (strike) by its beauty.5The students were_forbidden (forbid), unless they
32、had special passes, to leave the base.6Do you know any differences (differ) between British English and American English?7The new clothes in the shop are so beautiful that Anna cant resist taking (take) a closer look at them.8The organization could undertake to_direct (direct) the distribution of ai
33、d.9Our parents send us to school so as to enable us to_obtain (obtain) knowledge and achieve great things in the future.10We had our furniture moved to the new house when the decoration (decorate) of the house was finished.单句改错1It struck to me that we ought to make a new plan.去掉第一个to或struckoccurred2
34、No one knows exact how the earth began as it happened so long ago.exactexactly3Sometimes, some students object the idea that English classes are taught in English.object后加to4Owe to the recent bad weather, the project is several weeks behind schedule.OweOwing5There is some doubt whether the young man
35、 can undertake of such an important task.去掉of6By the end of last week, we had learnt 3,000 English words for altogether.去掉for7He travelled all over the nation after he retired at work.atfrom8Only if the students accumulate up a great deal of vocabulary can they grasp English.去掉up.根据提示词补全(或翻译)句子1他们反对
36、坐公共汽车去那儿，因为它会花费很长时间。(object)They objected_to_going_there_by_bus because it would take a long time.2学校校长禁止在办公时间吸烟，并且所有的老师和学生都被禁止在学校吸烟。(forbid)The school headmaster forbids_smoking_during office hours. And all of the teachers and students are_forbidden_to_smoke at school.3.最让他沮丧的是没人费心告诉他更改了的时间表。(bothe
37、r)What upset him most was that nobody had_bothered_to_tell_him about the changed timetable. 4我突然想起家中没有人。(strike)It_struck_me_that_there_was_no_one_at_home.5他把他的成功归功于他的努力和耐心。(owe)He_owes_his_success_to_his_hard_work_and_patience.二、过短语、句式1pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清教材原句But at last the determination and patie
38、nce of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough the cloning of Dolly the sheep.但是决心和耐心使科学家们最终于1996年收获了突破性的结果克隆羊“多莉”。pay for付钱；为付出代价pay a visit to 参观；拜访pay attention to 注意；留心多角练透单句语法填空Will you please pay a visit to Tianjin again so that we may meet again？(2017天津高考书面表达)Id also like to know
39、how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included.单句改错As students, we should pay more attentions to our habits which we develop in our study.attentionsattention补全句子I also hope that the great effort I am making will pay_off.我也希望我付出的努力能得到回报。名师指津 pay off表示“得到回报；取得成功”时是不及物动词短语，
40、不用于被动语态。2in good/poor condition状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)经典例句The car is in good condition, looking like the newly bought one.这辆车状况良好，就跟新买的一样。out of condition健康状况欠佳on no condition 一点也不；决不(放在句首时，用部分倒装语序)on condition that . 在条件下；倘若多角练透单句语法填空What I want you to realize is that everybody is likely to be in poor cond
41、ition.We can build a harmonious society on condition that everyone behaves himself.补全句子The teacher always reminds us, “On no condition can_we_give_up our dreams.”老师总是告诫我们“在任何情况下我们都不能放弃我们的梦想”。3that引导的表语从句The advantage is that_if_there_is_a_new_illness_some_of_these_animals_may_die,_but others will su
42、rvive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。句中that引导的是表语从句，that一词在句中无词义，但通常不能省略。另外，that还可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句等。The advantage of smiling is that_it_can_not_only_make_us_happy,_but also please others.微笑的优势在于它不仅仅
43、让我们高兴，还能取悦别人。Please send us all the information that you have about the candidate for the position.请把你有的申请这个职位的所有候选人的信息都发给我们。Experts_believe_that people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.(2013北京高考单选)专家们认为人们只有在必要时购物就会浪费较少的食物。.根据语境选用合适的短语填空in good condition, be bound to, pay of
44、f, cast down, in vain, bring back to life, from time to time, strike .into ones heart1I feel stressed from_time_to_time. Could you offer me some suggestions?2To avoid accidents, its important to check that all your tools are in_good_condition before starting.3Dont let yourself be cast_down by a smal
45、l failure in the experiment, try again.4In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought_back_to_life after death.5Keep on working hard like this, and your research_is_bound_to_obtain great success.6The athletes years of hard training paid_off when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
46、7Mountain Tai struck its beauty into_her_heart and she decided to visit it again the next year.8All efforts will be in_vain if we cant learn English by practicing repeatedly.句型转换1I have lost his address, and it is a trouble.The trouble is that_I_have_lost_his_address.2Because I cant afford the time,
47、 I had to give up the plan.Unable_to_afford_the_time,_I had to give up the plan. 3Many people are going to help us, and we are sure to finish it in time.With so many people to_help_us,_we are sure to finish it in time.4What surprises many people is that the idea of computers recognizing human voices
48、.The_idea_that_computers_can_recognize human voices surprises many people.5Cloning animals, which is not so straightforward as cloning plants, is far more complicated.Cloning plants is straightforward while_cloning_animals_is far more complicated.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子1抄袭他人的作业的一个缺点就是你不能掌握你所学到的东西。(that引
49、导的表语从句)A disadvantage of copying others homework is that_you_can_not_master_what_you_have _learned.2他刚刚坐下，班主任就来了。(倒装句)He had just taken his seat; then came_the_headteacher.3我的多数同学想去公园而我想到去参观博物馆。 (while并列句)Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while_I_had_an_idea_of_going_to_visit_ a_museum.4你
50、认为谁是过去一百年里最伟大的妇女？(do you think作插入语)Who_do_you_think_was_the_most_important_woman_of_the_past_100_years?5新的学期很快就要开始了，我们将会再次忙碌起来。(with复合结构)With_the_new_term_to_begin_soon,_well_be_very_busy_again.三、过语法、写作(一)单元小语法复习同位语(词、短语和从句作同位语).单句语法填空1Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brothers.2He is interested i
51、n sports, especially ball games (game)3We students all respect him Mr. Johnson, our (we) English teacher.4His suggestion that the meeting be delayed was turned down.5He often asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.6Qinghai Lake, the largest inland body of salt water in China, lies 3,
52、198 metres above sea level.7His only interest in life, travelling (travel) around, has brought him a lot of friends.8We expressed the hope that you would come and visit China again.9They havent solved the problem what went wrong with the machine.10Next, lets talk about the matter who will go to the
53、conference.单句改错1Two of us will be sent there, Tom and me.meI2With time going, the doubt that the team would win disappeared.thatwhether3I am looking forward to visiting Beijing, a city with many famous place of interest.placeplaces4Many people are worried about the possibility the computer will cont
54、rol the mankind.possibility后加that5Everyone agreed to his suggestion which we should hold a meeting to talk about the problem.whichthat.补全或翻译句子(注意使用同位语)1他读过各种各样的古今中外的书籍。He read all kinds of books, ancient_and_modern,_Chinese_and_foreign.2他建议我们在周末前把活干完是有道理的。His suggestion that_we_should_finish_the_wor
55、k by the weekend is reasonable.3如何选拔优秀运动员，这个问题我们下周在讨论。The question how_we_choose_the_top_players will be discussed next week.4王老师非常关心我们学生。Mr.Wang_cares_for_us_students_very_much.5我在找一份修车的工作。Im_looking_for_a_job,_repairing_cars._(二)课堂微写作练补写让行文更条理题目要求假定你是Mary，请你给一家英文报社的编辑写一封信，告诉他你们班同学对克隆的不同观点，并表达自己的看法
56、。词数100左右。补写提示请按提示线索补写下列习作Dear editor，Recently in my class there is a heated debate about “To clone or not”赞成的学生认为克隆技术可挽救濒危动物；可再造人体器官用来移植，为老年人和病人带来福音反对克隆的学生认为克隆人容易提前衰老或死亡；克隆人的出现会使社会混乱In my opinion, cloning is a new technology, so scientists should do their best to make full use of it to help human be
57、ings.Yours sincerely，Mary答案示例Dear editor，Recently in my class there is a heated debate about “To clone or not”The_students_for_cloning_say_that_cloning_can_help_the_wildlife_in_danger,_and_we_can_have_more_and_more_wildlife_in_the_world,_and_it_can_help_the_old_and_the_sick._For_example,_some_cloned
58、_organs_can_be_transplanted_in_their_bodies.However,_the_students_against_it_say_that_cloning_can_speed_up_the_rate_of_growing_old_and_death.Whats_worse,_cloning_can_make_our_society_confused._There_would_be_two_or_more_of_you,_two_or_more_of_your_parents_and_so_on.In my opinion, cloning is a new te
59、chnology, so scientists should do their best to make full use of it to help human beings.Yours sincerely，Mary.阅读理解A(2018宁夏银川市重点中学高三模拟)Belgium is the land of music festivals. There are rock, pop, world, electronic music festivals and more, so youre sure to find a festival that suits your taste.Groezr
60、ockGroezrock could be considered the opener of the festival season in Belgium. This festival grew from a small event to an international festival that had 33,000 visitors in 2016. If youre into the harder stuff (东西), this is where you need to go.When? April 2930, 2017. Where? Meerhout. Music? Punk,
61、emo, ska and rock in all its variations. Free? No.Sfinks MixedSfinks is a world music festival that focuses on bringing culture together. There are also plenty of things to do besides watching the performances. Good to know for families: Sfinks is a kidfriendly festival, with workshops, storytelling
62、 and performances aimed at children.When? July 2730, 2017.Where? Boechout.Music? World.Free? The festival is free; the camping is not.Graspop Metal MeetingIf Groezrock doesnt seem rough enough to you, Graspop Metal Meeting might. As the name says, this festival is all about metal, rock and punk. In
63、2016 the festival received 140,000 visitors who came to watch the more than 100 bands performing.When? June 1618, 2017. Where? Dessel. Music? Metal. Free? No.Genk on StageGenk on Stage is a pop musical with not only a lot of Belgian artists, but also some international names. 80,000 people attended
64、Genk on Stage in 2016.When? June 2325, 2017. Where? Genk. Music? Pop. Free? Yes.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。作者推介了比利时几个重要的音乐节。1Which may kick off (开始) the festival season in Belgium?AGroezrock.BSfinks Mixed.CGraspop Metal Meeting. DGenk on Stage.解析：选A细节理解题。根据Groezrock部分中的“Groezrock could be considered the opener o
65、f the festival season in Belgium.”可知，Groezrock拉开了比利时音乐节的序幕。2What do we know about Sfinks Mixed?AIt enjoys worldwide popularity.BIts mainly targeted at kids.CIt combines fun with culture.DIt features certain types of music.解析：选C细节理解题。根据Sfinks Mixed部分中的“Sfinks is a world music festival that focuses on
66、 bringing culture together. There are also plenty of things to do .”可知，该音乐节将娱乐和文化结合在一起。3Where are crazy metal music enthusiasts most likely to go?AMeerhout. BBoechout.CGenk. DDessel.解析：选D推理判断题。根据Graspop Metal Meeting部分中的“If Groezrock doesnt seem rough enough to you, Graspop Metal Meeting might.”“thi
67、s festival is all about metal, rock and punk”可知，对于狂热的金属乐爱好者，Graspop Metal Meeting可能更适合他们；再结合下文的“Where? Dessel.”可知举办地是Dessel，故选D。BHave you seen Jurassic Park? In this film, scientists use DNA kept for tens of millions of years to clone dinosaurs. They find trouble, however, when they realize that the
68、 cloned creatures are smarter and more dangerous than expected. Thats nothing more than a fiction.But could we really clone endangered animals?To date, the most successful attempt to do so was the cloning of a gaur, a rare oxlike animal from southeast Asia. Scientists used a cow to bring the cloned
69、baby gaur, named Noah. Two days after birth, however, Noah died from a common bacterial infection. Other endangered species that may be cloned include the African bongo antelope (羚羊), the Sumatran tiger, the cheetah (猎豹), and the giant panda.Next, could we really clone extinct animals?In theory? Yes
70、. To do this, you need a wellkept source of DNA from the extinct animals such as wool mammoth (毛象), Tasmanian tiger, or even dinosaur, and a closely related species, still living, which could serve as a_surrogate_mother.In reality? Probably not. On the one hand, its not likely that extinct animals D
71、NA could survive undamaged for such a long time. Cloning such extinct animals as wool mammoth, Tasmanian tiger, or dinosaur is much more difficult due to the lack of properly wellpreserved DNA. On the other hand, for example, a gaur can have a cow as a surrogate mother, definitely not a monkey. But
72、what about an extinct animal as unique as the panda? What species could possibly serve as a surrogate mother?Cloning presents many exciting possibilities. However, even if extinct animals were brought back, they could not survive in todays world. Not only do most extinct animals have no habitat to l
73、ive in, but the other plants and animals they depended on for food may also be gone as well.语篇解读：本文说明了在克隆灭绝动物的过程中遇到的重重困难与障碍。即使克隆成功了，其赖以生存的栖息地和食物链也已经被破坏，被克隆出来的动物也无法继续生存下去。4It can be learned from the text that _.Athe gaur is an extinct speciesBthe gaur lives in Asia and is endangeredCscientists have c
74、loned the African bongo antelopeDboth the cheetah and the giant panda live in Asia解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，印度野牛生活在亚洲的东南部，濒临灭绝。5The underlined words “a surrogate mother” in Paragraph 5 probably refer to a female who _.Agives birth to a baby of its ownBcannot give birth to a babyCgives birth to a baby for
75、 another femaleDprovides DNA解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第五段的描述可知，此处表示的是，把一种动物的DNA提取出来之后，在另外一种动物的体内进行胚胎繁殖，而这种动物就被称为a surrogate mother，由此判断，画线部分意思为“代孕妈妈”，故C项正确。6The difficulty in cloning an extinct species is the lack of _.Aboth the wellpreserved DNA and a surrogate motherBboth the habitat to live in and the wellpre
76、served DNACboth the wellpreserved DNA and plants to live onDboth the habitat to live in and plants to live on解析：选A细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“On the one hand . On the other hand .”两个方面的表述可知，克隆的困难在于一是要寻找灭绝动物的保存完好的DNA，二是要寻找到合适的代孕的物种，故A项正确。7In the authors opinion, it is possible that _.Aall the extinct species m
77、ay be clonedBextinct species may be cloned and easily surviveCa gaur can have a monkey as a surrogate motherDsome extinct species may be cloned, but not survive解析：选D推理判断题。本文作者客观叙述了在克隆灭绝动物过程中所存在的种种困难与障碍。根据最后一段的表述可知，也许克隆存在众多的可能性，但是即使克隆成功了，也许会由于其赖以生存的栖息地和食物链已经灭绝而无法继续存活下去。由此判断D项正确。CPlant cloning has bee
78、n an agricultural technique used by farmers and gardeners for centuries. Grafting (嫁接) is a common form of plant cloning. Many plants in nature actually clone themselves and reproduce asexually (无性生殖地)Cloned plants are much more predictable than normal plants, so their yield (产量) is more reliable. C
79、loned plants also reproduce faster, limiting the amount of time between planting and harvesting. It is also often cheaper to produce seeds through cloning than through traditional methods. Plants can essentially be optimized so that farmers or individual growers always have the best seeds available.
80、 With higher yield at a faster rate, farms can produce more food for more people while decreasing overall costs.Cloning can be used to wipe out diseases that previously killed off entire fields of crops. This would make plants immune to the kinds of diseases that farmers and gardeners around the wor
81、ld fear each year. Crop failures due to disease and virus could become a thing of the past. Also, plants that are near extinction can be brought back to life through cloning.Through cloning scientists can develop super fruits and vegetables of superior (更好的) nutritional quality. This could make for
82、a healthier population overall. This has already been done through selective pollination (授粉), and genetic cloning could take it to the next level.By plant cloning we have a population of identical plants and all these plants equally suffer from the same diseases, but in nature the weak would die an
83、d the strong would survive. While there are some dangers to consider with plant cloning, there are plenty of benefits that could prove vital to the propagation (繁衍) of the human species.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了植物克隆的好处。8The underlined word “optimized” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “_”AgrownBprod
84、ucedCperfected Dexamined解析：选C词义猜测题。根据“so that farmers or individual growers always have the best seeds available”可知，optimize与perfect的意思相近。9According to the text, cloned plants _.Ahave lower yield than normal plantsBneed less care from peopleCprevent various kinds of diseasesDhave a shorter growth cy
85、cle解析：选D细节理解题。从第二段中的“Cloned plants also reproduce faster, limiting the amount of time between planting and harvesting.”可知，克隆的植物的生长周期短。10What can we infer from the text?AThe fruits produced by cloned plants taste much better.BThere are more cloned plants than normal plants now.CPlant cloning can dist
86、urb the laws of nature.DPeople should avoid eating cloned fruits.解析：选C推理判断题。从最后一段中的“By plant cloning we have a population of identical plants and all these plants equally suffer from the same diseases, but in nature the weak would die and the strong would survive.”可知，克隆会破坏自然界的规律。11What is the main p
87、urpose of the text?ATo warn the negative effects of plant cloning.BTo show different kinds of plant cloning.CTo predict the future of plant cloning.DTo introduce the advantages of plant cloning.解析：选D写作目的题。文章的第二、三、四段都是在介绍植物克隆的好处，所以本文的目的是介绍植物克隆的好处。DThe worldfamous British Museum has a secret: a hidden
88、 study where anyone can request private viewings of prints and drawings by Rembrandt, Michelangelo and more.On the fourth floor of the British Museum, in a quiet corner, is an ordinary door. I first opened the door a few years ago, and was shown into a room with a glass ceiling and cabinets filled w
89、ith cardboard boxes. Those boxes hold Britains national collection of prints and drawings.Studying a work of art in your own time at a desk is a very different experience from looking at it in a museum or a gallery. It is much closer to how the artists themselves would have viewed their work. I was
90、drawn into the images, which still felt fresh and immediate decades after their creation.I asked the archivist if I could see Michelangelos ink drawing of a philosopher. The drawing shows a bearded man holding a round object: perhaps a rock or a glass ball. That the drawing was unfinished made it mo
91、re interesting. Was the drawing an old man thinking about death, an alchemist weighing a fresh piece of gold, or a philosopher turning over the stone of knowledge?I looked at it until the archivist told me they were about to close for the day.Since that first visit, I have gone back to the study roo
92、m several times, usually to look at the works from the period I was researching. Very occasionally I asked for the Michelangelo drawing. Although_I_know_that_it_prefers_to_be_in_the_dark,_I_also_like_to_think_that,_every_now_and_then,_it_enjoyed_being_looked_at.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。世界著名的大英博物馆有一个秘密：一个隐藏的书房，
93、在那里任何人可以请求欣赏伦勃朗、米开朗基罗等人的绘画和素描。12The secret study in the British Museum _.Ais not eyecatching among various reading roomsBis open only to those who do research on works of artCis a special room for showing private paintingsDcontains the British collection of all drawings解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一段及第二段第一句中的“in a
94、 quiet corner, is an ordinary door”可知，这个书房很隐秘且不易被发现和注意到。故选A。13Whats the advantage of visiting the study according to the author?AThe drawings there are completely fresh.BVisitors dont need to speak to each other.CDrawings are appreciated at a desk instead of on a wall.DViewers get close to works phy
95、sically and mentally.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，一个人在秘密书房里欣赏名家作品既可以近观作品，也能从内心上更接近艺术家。故选D。14What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?AThe Michelangelo drawing is usually kept from being shown.BThe author is deeply attracted by the Michelangelo drawing.CThe author has a dialogue
96、in spirit with the Michelangelo drawing.DThe Michelangelo drawing has a special value for the authors research.解析：选B句意理解题。根据本句中的“Although”引导让步状语从句以及第三段最后一句“I was drawn into the images, which still felt fresh and immediate decades after their creation.”可知，作者知道米开朗基罗的作品是藏品，但偶尔还是想拿出来欣赏。由此可推知，作者被他的作品深深吸引
97、。故选B。15What can we infer from the passage?AThe author is a historian studying famous people in different periods.BThe British Museum tends to offer visitors a fair chance.CThe author visited the study mainly because she admired Michelangelo.DThe drawings by Michelangelo are too difficult for viewers
98、 to understand.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“anyone can request private viewings of prints and drawings by Rembrandt, Michelangelo and more”可推知，大英博物馆为每人都提供公平的机会。故选B。.阅读七选五Too often an inappropriate view gets around us that it is our physical conditions that make us happy or unhappy. As a consequence, physical
99、conditions have been overstated._1_， that is, good standard of living, high goals that we want to obtain, surrounding ourselves with a nice house, nice car, nice clothes, etc. _2_. But many times once we obtain our goals and are surrounded by what we thought would make us happy, we are still unhappy
100、.Also on the other end of the stick, many, many people are unhappy now, because they have not obtained their goals and _3_， which, consequently, adds to their dissatisfaction with life.So this is why so many people keep themselves for most of their lives in a state of “incompleteness” and unhappines
101、s, and this is why so many super successful people still arent happy. The reason is that _4_. They think that the Universe should give them what they want first and then theyll be happy. But that just puts a barrier in between them and happiness because of the way the Universe is set up.The message
102、here is to understand that your desires tell you where you want to put your focus in your life, however, _5_. You make yourself happy from the inside out, not the outside in. Do not require certain conditions be met for your happiness, because it wont work anyway.AWe have different ways to get what
103、really makes us happyBthey dont have what they want in lifeCWe set out to get happy by trying to control all the wonderful conditions around ourselvesDthey are never there to be found in lifeEthey should not control your happiness in this momentFWe may think this is the key to our happinessGthey don
104、t realize how to get happy语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。本文谈论的是人们认为的幸福实际上并没有给人们带来幸福，作者就如何才能得到真正的幸福提出了自己的观点。1选C根据上文中的“physical conditions”及下文中的“good standard of living .nice clothes”可知，C项“我们通过努力掌控我们身边美好的物质条件来获取幸福”与上文相呼应，与“that is”后面的解释也一致。故选C。2选F根据语境可知，很多时候当我们拥有了良好的生活标准，实现了我们想要的目标，拥有了漂亮的房子、车子、衣服时，我们可能就认为这是幸福的关键所在了。F项
105、“我们可能会认为这就是幸福的关键了”衔接上文，并与下文构成转折，符合语境。故选F。3选B根据语境可知，此处分析了不快乐的人的心理。根据“because they have not obtained their goals”可知，许多人不快乐是因为没有达到目标，and连接和前面并列的内容。B项“他们没有拥有生活中想要的”也是人们不快乐的原因，并且和下文联系紧密。故选B。4选G上文提到，拥有了良好物质条件的人仍然感到不幸福，没有达到目标的人也感到不幸福，此处作者给出他们感到不幸福的理由，因为“他们没有意识到如何获得快乐”。由此可知，G项与上文衔接紧密。故选G。5选E上文提到，本文传递的信息就是要让你明白，你的欲望会告诉你，在生活中要看重什么。由however可知，后面的内容应与前面的叙述形成对比，所以E项“这时这些欲望不应该左右你的幸福感”符合语境。故选E。
