1、北京2015高考英语（北师大版）一轮训练（10）及答案完型填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。记叙文型完形填空(二)One of my fathers favourite sayings as I was growing up was “Try it！” I couldnt say I didnt like _1_， whatever it might be, _2_ I tried it. Over the years Ive come to _3_ how much of my success I owe to my _4_ of th
2、ose words as one of my values. My _5_ job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I _6_ what I wanted to do as a career(职业). _7_ I believed I would work for a few years, get married, stay home and raise a family, so I didnt think the job I took _8_ that much. I couldnt have been mo
3、re _9_. I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity(机会)to _10_ through the company into different _11_. I accepted each new opportunity with the _12_，“Well, Ill try it; if I dont like it, I can always go back to my _13_ position.” But I was with the same co
4、mpany for the past 28 years, and Ive _14_ every career change Ive made. Ive discovered I _15_ a large number of different talents(才能)and skills that I never would have thought were within me，had it not been for my being _16_ trying new opportunities. Ive also discovered that if I _17_ what Im doing
5、and work hard at achieving my _18_， I will succeed. Thats why Im so _19_ to be a part of CareerFables. com. I think _20_ has come and I am determined to make it a success.1. Aeverything BsomethingCeverybody Dsomebody2. Auntil after Bever sinceCso that Dlong before3. Aconsider BargueCinclude Drealize
6、4. Asuggestion BexplanationCacceptance Ddiscussion5. Ahard BbestCextra Dfirst6. Adetermined BexaminedCexperienced Dintroduced7. AActually BGraduallyCFinally DUsually8. Ahelped BrequiredCexpressed Dmattered9. Acareful BmistakenCinterested Dprepared10. Alook up Btake upCmove up Dput up11. Asituations
7、BchoicesCdirections Dpositions12. Athought BreplyCaction Dadvice13. Aeasier BnewerCearlier Dhigher14. Apermitted BcountedCorganized Denjoyed15. Ashow BpossessCneed Dgather16. Alucky for Bslow atCopen to Dafraid of17. Athink of Bgive awayCbelieve in Dturn into18. Abusiness BgoalCfortune Dgrowth19. Ae
8、xcited BcuriousCsurprised Dhelpful 20. Adream BtimeCpower Dhonour(一)【要点综述】本文是一篇励志记叙文，描述了父亲常说“Try it！”及这句话对自己的影响。1B根据whatever it might be可以排除C、D项。本句表达“在我尝试一些事情之前，(我)不会说不喜欢。”everything用词不合适。2A根据句意可知A项正确。3D这么多年来，“我”开始意识到“我”的成就大多归功于父亲的话。4C根据前文解释可知，“我”的成功源自对父亲那些话的“接受”。oweto把归功于。5D这里开始介绍作者的工作经历，故应是第一份工作。6
9、A通过下文可以看出，作者在从事第一份工作时的态度只是想先试试看，但如果遇到热衷的、想当成自己固定职业的工作时，还是会离开的。7A这里作者在表明自己的态度。事实上，作者自认为自己会工作几年之后就结婚，建立家庭8D根据前文可知，作者并没有把第一份工作看得特别重要。matter vi.有关系，要紧。9B根据下文可知，作者本不具有的一些生活技能居然在经历各种尝试后养成了，也就是说，作者开始的想法是错误的。“not 比较级” 表示肯定的意义。10Cmove up “上升”，这里指工作上得到了提升。11Dposition 指“职位，岗位”。下文也有提示。12Awith the thought带着想法；认为
10、，思考。“我”每一次得到一个新机会，总有那种想法：如果“我”不喜欢这个新的岗位，“我”可以回到原来的那个岗位。13C根据前一空解释可知C项正确。earlier早些时候的。 14D通过but可以看出作者态度发生了变化，在过去的28年中，作者一直待在同一个公司，并且每次的工作变化作者都很享受。15B直到此时作者才发现其实自己拥有(possess)很多才能。16C要不是作者愿意尝试新的机会，就不会拥有这么多的才能。be open to 对开放、开明。had it not been for if it had not been for要不是。 17C作者还发现，如果相信自己并且一直努力去做，就一定能够
11、达到目标。believe in相信，信任。18Bachieve ones goal达到目标，实现目标。19A作者领悟到父亲的话的真谛，因此对作为CareerF的一员感到“兴奋”。20B作者认为时机(time)已到，所以决心一定要取得成功。阅读理解。.As a professor of business and government policy, Ive long been interested in the pursuit of happiness as a national concept. According to surveys of thousands of people acros
12、s the land, happy people are keys to making our nation healthy and strong. Happiness, in other words, is important for America. So when I came across data a couple of years ago saying that certain Americans were living in a manner that contributed to happinesswhile others were notI jumped on it. I w
13、anted to know which personal lifestyles and public policies would make us the happiest nation possible. I also wanted to know which of my own values, learned during my childhood and practiced during my career as a university professor, were the most concerned with happiness. First, just what is happ
14、iness? Most researchers agree that it involves an assessment of the good and bad in our lives. Its the emotional balance sheet we keep that allows us to say honestly whether were living a happy life, in spite of bad things now and then. You might guess that Americans are getting happier all the time
15、. After all, many are getting richer, and this should make them better able and equipped to follow their dreams. On the other hand, theres a lot of talk about the good old days, when kids could play outside without any worry about being kidnapped. And theres a great deal of stress in this country ri
16、ght now, due to financial concerns, negative workplace environments, and health problems, among other pressing issues. But average happiness levels in America have stayed largely constant for many years. In 1972, 30 percent of the population said they were very happy with their lives. In 1982, 31 pe
17、rcent said so, and in 2006, 31 percent said so as well. The percentage saying they were not too happy was generally stopping over at around 13 percent. The factors that add up to a happy life for most people are not what we typically hear about. However, the key to happiness, and the difference betw
18、een happy and unhappy Americans, is a life that reflects values and practices like faith, hard work, marriage, charity, and freedom. 1. The author intends to tell readers. A. why we need to be happyB. what we should do for the countryC. how the people are getting happierD. where the Americans like t
19、o stay for happiness2. According to the text, what is happiness? A. Our values being accepted by society. B. The balance of our feelings in any situation. C. The great material wealth we possess. D. The contributions we have made for society. 3. From the text we can learn that. A. the American peopl
20、e are far happier than beforeB. all the American people can realize their dreams in lifeC. American public security used to be better than nowD. people felt more stressed in the past4. The underlined word in the fourth paragraph means. A. growingB. decliningC. unchangedD. terrible5. What will be tal
21、ked about in the next part of the passage? A. Winning the lottery can make a person happier. B. Being offered a good job is the reason for happiness. C. All kinds of reasons for not being happy. D. Detailing values and practices like faith, hard work. 【参考答案】23.ABCCD 阅读理解。Who Owns the Moon?Within the
22、 next ten years, the U. S. , China, Israel, and a crowd of private companies plan to set up camp on the moon. So if and when they plant a flag, does that give them property(财产)rights? A NASA working group hosted a discussion this week to ask: Who owns the moon? The answer, of course, is no use. The
23、Outer Space Treaty, the international law signed by more than 100 countries, states that the moon and other celestial bodies(天体)are the province of all mankind. No doubt that would annoy all of the people throughout the ages, like monks from the Middle Ages, who have tried to claim the moon was thei
24、rs. But ownership is different from property rights. People who rent apartments, for example, dont own where they live, but they still hold rights. So with all of the upcoming missions(派遣团)to visit the moon and beyond, space industry thought leaders are seriously asking themselves how to deal with a
25、 potential land rush. “This is a very relevant discussion right now. Weve got this wave of new lunar missions from around the world, ”said William Marshall, a scientist in the small-spacecraft office at NASA, but who spoke this week at an event hosted by NASAs Co Lab, a collaborative(协力完成的)public-pr
26、ivate working group. He was speaking from his personal interest and not on behalf of the agency. To be sure, the United States aims to send astronauts back to the moon by as early as 2015, in a mission that would include a long-term settlement. China and Israel, among others, are also working on lun
27、ar projects. And for the first time, several private groups are building spacecraft to land on the moon in an attempt to win millions of dollars in the Google Lunar X Prize. Some participants say that they plan to gain some property rights in the mission. 【文章大意】本文介绍了世界范围内的登陆月球热, 以及作者对这种现象的担忧。1. In t
28、he passage the writer seems to be worrying that. A. the US will live on the moon foreverB. the moon will not be able to hold all mankindC. the potential land rush will become more and more frequentD. no one can answer the question“Who owns the moon? ”【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段space industry thought leaders
29、are seriously asking themselves how to deal with a potential land rush一句可知太空行业认为领导人们正严肃地问自己如何应对潜在的登陆热, 这也表达了作者的担心。2. “The Google Lunar X Prize”aims to. A. encourage private groups to land on the moonB. help NASA host a discussion about land rush on the moonC. help some developing countries to comple
30、te their lunar projectsD. reward some countries or private groups which havent stepped on the moon【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段several private groups are building spacecraft to land on the moon in an attempt to win millions of dollars in the Google Lunar X Prize一句可知Google Lunar X Prize用来鼓励私人团体登陆月球。3. The unde
31、rlined word“that”in the first paragraph refers to. A. the Outer Space TreatyB. if and when they plant a flagC. the NASA working groupD. monks from the Middle Ages【解析】选B。词义猜测题。that代指前句中的if and when they plant a flag。本句意为: 如果当他们在月球上插上一面国旗时, 这会赋予他们领土所有权么? 4. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
32、 A. The U. S. astronauts will live on the moon for a longer time. B. Many countries and private groups plan to go to the moon. C. Why some private groups wish to land on the moon. D. It is easy to gain some property rights on the moon. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。最后一段主要介绍了世界上一些国家及私人团体或个人正计划登陆月球。阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇15
33、0词左右的英语短文。Once upon a time in a land far far away, there was a wonderful old man who loved everything. Animals, spiders, insects. One day while walking through the woods the nice old man found a cocoon(茧) of a butterfly. He took it home. A few days later, a small opening appeared; he sat and watched
34、 the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could and it could go no farther. Then the man decided to help the butterfly, so he took a pair of scissors and cut of
35、f the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then came out easily. But it had a swollen body and small, shriveled (萎缩的) wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body. Neither happened! In
36、 fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and shriveled wings. It never was able to fly. What the man in his kindness and haste did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening wer
37、e Natures way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon. Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life. If we were allowed to go through our life without any obstacles, it would cripple
38、us. We would not be as strong as what we could have been. And we could never fly.写作内容 1. 以约30词概括短文内容要点; 2. 以约120词就 “个人成长需要艰难生活的磨砺”这一话题发表你的看法，并包含以下要点：(1) 你读了这个故事后的感受；(2) 叙述当前父母溺爱子女的现象和由此造成的后果；(3) 假如你是父母一方，你会如何磨砺自己的孩子？写作要求 1.可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中句子; 2. 文中不能出现考生真实姓名和学校名称。评分标准 概括准确
39、，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。【参考范文】读写任务(共1小题，满分25分)参考范文One possible version: A kind man cut a cocoon open in order to lessen the pain of a butterfly when he saw it struggling out of the cocoon, only to find that it could never fly because of his help. (37 words) The story sets me thinking. Our life is more or le
40、ss like this. Sometimes, struggles or obstacles in our life are a must for our growth. It is these struggles or obstacles that increase our willpower and contribute to our success. Without these trials, we could never achieve our life goal just as the butterfly did in the story. Nowadays, with only
41、one child in most families, parents do whatever they can to satisfy the childs needs and even do for him what should be done by himself. Consequently, the child is unable to look after himself without his parents presence. Too much care from parents deprives children of chances to grow strong by con
42、quering obstacles. Just as a saying goes, “Flowers from a greenhouse can never withstand a storm”.If I were a parent, I would first keep him well informed that life is never easy and that he should be ready to face any difficulties. Besides, I would expose him to the hardships in life instead of pro
43、tecting him from difficulties, providing them with chances to fight for his bright future by conquering challenges. 读写任务评分说明：本试题要求考生阅读一篇英语短文之后就“个人成长需要艰难生活的磨砺”这一主题进行议论，内容包括：(1) 你读了这个故事后的感受；(2) 叙述当前父母溺爱子女的现象和由此造成的后果；(3) 假如你是父母一方，你会如何磨砺自己的孩子？在评分时，应注意以下几个方面：1按照评分标准，实行分析综合法评分。2概括应包含以下要点： （1）A kind old ma
44、n saw a butterfly struggling out of the cocoon. （2）The old man cut the cocoon open in order to lessen its pain.（3）The old man found that the butterfly could never fly because of his help.3. 写作的内容应该包括：（1）正确表达 “感受”, 如 “发人深省”。（2）能描述当前父母溺爱子女的现象和由此造成的后果, 如 “过度依赖父母, 缺乏独立能力”。 （3）就 “假如你是父母一方，你会如何磨砺自己的孩子？” 发
45、表自己的看法。4. 其它要求见评分标准。【写作评分标准】读写任务评分说明 读写任务的评分建议采用综合法，即：根据总体影响给分。概要和文章的分值分别为5分和20分。项目赋分评 分 标 准概括5按照要求概括了原文的主要信息，没有增加与原文无关的信息，语言结构正确，行文规范。4基本按照要求概括了原文的主要信息，没有增加与原文无关的信息。语言结构正确，行文规范。3基本按照要求概括了原文的主要信息，但包含一些不相关的信息。语言结构基本正确，行文比较规范。2不能按照要求概括了原文的主要信息，包含较多不相关的信息。语言结构不够准确，行文不够规范。0-1没有按照要求概括原文的主要信息，基本是不相关的信息。语言
46、结构不准确，行文不规范。写作18-20包含题目所给全部或绝大部分的内容要点。主题明确，内容丰富。词汇丰富，用词得当。能有效运用合适的语言结构，而且没有（或极少）语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性好。14-17包含题目所给全部或绝大部分的内容要点。主题明确，个别内容不准确或者不相关。词汇较丰富，有个别用词错误。较好地运用了合适的语言结构，有少许的语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性较好。11-13包含题目所给全部或绝大部分的内容要点。主题比较明确，个别内容不准确或者不相关。词汇较丰富，有一定的用词错误。较好地运用了合适的语言结构，有少许的语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性较好。7-10包含题目所给的部分内容要点。主题基本明确，有些内容不准确或者不相关。词汇有限，有较多的用词错误。语言结构出现较多的语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性一般。4-6只包含题目所给的个别内容要点。多数内容不相关或者不准确。文章有些地方照抄原文。词汇贫乏，有较多的用词错误。大多数的句子出现语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性差。1-3只包含与题目所给要点内容有关的一些单词。主题不明确，文章基本照抄原文。词汇极其贫乏，基本不能正确用词。几乎没有正确的句子。篇章结构零乱。0以下几种情况，给0分：1）完全抄袭原文（或其它文章）2）文不对题 3）只写一些零散的单词，完全没有表达完整的内容
