1、Unit 1 A land of diversity 多元化的社会.单词盘点根据词性和汉语意思写出词汇1._(n.)手段；方法2._(n.)(人口、贸易的)繁荣(vi.)处于经济迅速发展时期meansboom3._(n.)海关；关税；进口税4._(vi.)发生；出现5._(vt.)指出；标示；表明；暗示6._(n.)行李7._(vi.)滑动；滑行；滑跤(n.)滑动；滑倒8._(vt.&n.)租用；雇用customsoccurindicateluggagesliphire9._(adv.)无处；到处都无10._(vt.&vi.)改革；革新(n.)改革；改造；改良11._(vt.&n.)抓住；抓紧
2、；掌握；领会12._(adj.)清晰的；明显的；明确的 _(n.)差别；区分；卓著13._(n.)大多数；大半 _(n.)少数14._(vt.)选择；决定做某事；选举某人 _(n.)选举nowherereformgraspdistinctdistinctionmajorityminorityelectelection15._(n.)申请人_(vi.)申请_(n.)申请书；申请16._(adj.)显而易见的；显然的；表面上的_(adv.)显然地；显而易见地applicantapplyapplicationapparentapparently【品词自测】根据所给词的适当形式填空_,she took
3、 no notice of the _ mistakes in the accident.(apparent)All the _ can _ in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their _ before May 6th.(apply)Apparentlyapparentapplicantsapplyapplications.短语回放1.继续存在；继续生存_2.用办法；借助_3.习惯于新的生活方式、工作等_4.坚持；维持，沿袭(风俗、传统等)_5.背靠背_6.与合作或一起工作_7.画线；标出界线_live on
4、by means of.make a lifekeep upback to backteam up withmark out8.包括；吸收_9.许多；很多_10.申请；请示得到_take ina great/good manyapply for.句式扫描1.However,_(很可能)that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.2._(那就是为什么)today over 40%of Californians speak Spanish as a first or seco
5、nd language.3.People from different parts of the world,_(被吸引)the climate and the lifestyle,still immigrate to California.it is likelyThat is whyattracted by4._(人们相信)before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups,but simply a mixtu
6、re of many races and cultures.It is believed that【仿句自测】根据下面句式仿写句子It be likely that.很可能仿写：他很可能成为我们的新领导。_It is believed that.人们认为/相信仿写：人们相信第三次世界大战不会发生。_It is likely that he will be our new leader.It is believed that the Third World War will not break out.核心要点majority 三年2考occur 三年1考keep up 三年4考1.majori
7、ty n.大多数；大半(1)a/the majority of.大多数be in a/the majority构成大多数/大部分(2)major adj.主要的vi.专修；主攻major in主修(3)minority n.少数；少数派/人The majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.大多数接受采访的人都喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。My brother majored in two subjects in the university last year.我哥哥去年在大学里主修两门课程。Young people were _ _ _
8、 at the meeting.这次会议年轻人占了多数。in the majorityMost people want to own their own house.(同义句转换)=_ _ _ people want to own their own house.大多数人想要拥有他们自己的房子。The majority of【点津】(1)当a/the majority of.作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词保持一致。(2)当the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数都可以。2.occur vi.发生；出现sth.occurs to sb.某人突然想起某事It occurs to
9、 sb.that-clause某人突然想起The report finds the most rapid decline in child labor has occurred in Latin America.这份报告发现童工人数下降最快的地方是拉丁美洲。Didnt it occur to you that he was lying?你当时没想到他在撒谎吗？_ _ _ _ _(他从未想到)that she would be so displeased.It never occurred to him【真题链接】2010陕西，18It never occurred to me _ you co
10、uld succeed in persuading him to change his mind.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.if【解析】选C。考查固定句型。It occurs/occurred to sb.that.是固定句型，意思是：某人突然想起，其中that引导主语从句，故选C。【点津】occur 常与介词to搭配，相当于动词happen，不能用于被动语态。【想一想】表示“某人突然想起”的表达方式还有哪些?【拓展延伸】主 语句 型想到的事情作主语或it作形式主语sth.strikes es to sb.It strikes sb.that-clauseIt hits sb.
11、that-clause人es up with an idea/a thought3.by means of.用办法；借助I found my bike by means of a notice in the newspaper.我借助于报纸上的一则通知找到了我的自行车。【拓展】翻译以下短语by this means_by no means_by all means_用这种方法决不；一点也不当然可以，没问题【真题链接】2011浙江，17Can I come and have a look at your new house?Yes,_!A.with pleasureB.I like it C.I
12、 quite agreeD.by all means【解析】选D。考查交际用语。句意：我可以来看看你的新房子吗？好的，当然可以。A项：非常乐意；B项：我喜欢它；C项：我非常同意；D项：当然可以，没问题。4.keep up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)You are all doing a splendid job;keep up the good work!你们干得很出色；继续好好干吧！The high cost of raw materials is keeping prices up.昂贵的原材料费用使价格居高不下。We should not keep up old customs.我们
13、不该沿袭古老的风俗。【拓展】翻译以下短语keep up with_keep to sth._keep off_keep out_keep on_keep back_跟上；并驾齐驱坚守；不违背(诺言、计划等)避开；使不接近使不进入；使留在外面继续隐瞒；扣下；留下5.take in 包括；吸收阅读下列例句，写出take in的汉语意思I found it easy to take in what the teacher had taught.()If the skirt is too big,we can take in the waist.()Fish take in oxygen throug
14、h their gills.()Dont let yourself be taken in by his tricks.()This is the total cost of the holiday,taking everything in.()理解改小吸收欺骗包括【拓展】take for当做；误认为take off脱衣服；(飞机)起飞；成功take on呈现；雇用；承担take up占据；从事；继续；拿起take over接管take back撤回；同意收回【真题链接】2011陕 西，25 Some insects _ the colour of their surroundings to
15、protect themselves.A.take in B.take off C.take on D.take out【解析】选C。考查动词短语含义辨析。句意：一些昆虫呈现出它们周围环境的颜色，目的是为了保护自己。take in“吸收；改小；理解；欺骗”；take off“起飞；脱衣服；摆脱；成名”；take on“雇用；呈现”；take out“拿出来”。根据句意可知C项正确。6.However,it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然
16、而，很可能至少在15,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。Its likely that.很可能。在该句型中，it为句子的形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。It is likely that Tom will attend the party.汤姆很可能会参加这个晚会。【点津】It be likely that.也可转换为：sb./sth.+be likely to do sth.，意为“某人/某物可能做某事”。It is likely that the weather will be fine.=The weather is likely to be fine.天气可能会很晴朗。Sh
17、e is likely to ring me tonight.(句型转换)=_ _ _ _ she will ring me tonight.她可能今晚给我打电话。It is likely that【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空likely 用于it is likely+that从句sb./sth.is likely to do sth.但一般不用于it is likely for sb.to do sth.possible 用于it is possible(for sb.)to do sth.it is possible+that从句但不用于sb.is possible to do sth.
18、probable 常用于it is probable+that从句It is sunny,so it is _ that he will come here.=He is _ to come here,because it is sunny.Anything is _.You need to convince me that you are reasonable.probablelikelypossible【助记】7.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will
19、 be no distinct major racial or cultural groups,but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人们认为，过不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会如此之大，以至于不可能存在明显的主要的种族和文化群体，而是一个多种族、多文化的混合体。Its believed that.人们认为。在该句型中，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。It is believed that the story is true.据说故事是真的。【点津】“It+be+过去分词+that 从句”该句式可改写为：主语(sb./sth.)+be
20、+过去分词+不定式或People+动词+that.。It be said that.=sb./sth.be said to.=People say that.The little boy is believed to be sleeping in the room.(句型转换)=_ _ _ _ the little boy is sleeping in the room.=People _ _ the little boy is sleeping in the room.人们认为那个小男孩正在房间里睡觉。It is believed thatbelieve that【想一想】类似的it作形式主
21、语的主语从句的形式还有哪些?【拓展延伸】(1)it+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprised,good,etc.)+that从句Its obvious that he knows the truth.很明显他知道真相。(2)It+be+名词词组(no wonder,an honour,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+that从句Its no surprise that our team has won the game.我们队赢了比赛并不奇怪。1.elect vt.决定做某事；选举某人；选择She elected t
22、o become a lawyer.她决定当律师。We elected James(to be/as)chairman.我们选举詹姆斯当主席。【归纳】elect to do sth._elect sb.(to be/as)+职务_【点津】“独一无二的”职务、官衔作同位语、补语、表语时，其前不加冠词。决定做某事推选某人担任某职务【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空choose 指在两个或多个之中选择其一，可与 from或between连用。select 指在同类事物中选择最好或最合适的,一般有一定的目的性。elect 是指通过“选举”选出。You can _ what you want from th
23、ese books.I _ four postcards and handed them to the cashier.He was _ mayor last year.chooseselectedelected2.apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的It is apparent that.是显然的apparently adv.显然地_ _ _ _ she was going to die.很显然她将死去。Certain problems were apparent from the outset.某些问题从开始就是显而易见的。It was apparent thatShe
24、managed to climb out of the car,apparently unhurt.她从车里爬了出来，很显然没受伤。3.team up with与合作或一起工作He teamed up with his brother and pulled the car out.他与弟弟携手将车拉了出来。The two companies have teamed up with each other to develop a new racing car.这两家公司已经合作开发一种新型赛车。【拓展】补全以下短语team _结对；合作a team _.一队_ a.team属于队play _ a
25、.team为队效力upofonfor4.mark out画线；标出界线The students are marking out the tennis court.学生们在画网球场地。【拓展】mark out for事先选定为mark.with.用做记号make a mark做记号(选用上面方框中短语的适当形式填空)The best paintings were _ the exhibition.Please _ where you have any questions.I found a diary _ my fathers name and the date.marked out forma
26、ke a markmarked with(1)hire的用法(2)indicate的意义以及与其他动词的意义辨析(3)表语从句的运用1.There is a great deal of evidence _ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A.remarkingB.indicatingC.deliveringD.conveying【解析】选B。句意：大量证据证明，音乐活动调动大脑的不同部位。indicate暗示；表明；remark评论；deliver投递；convey表达；传达。2.He was _ as a
27、salesman in Samsung Company,but was soon _ because of his frequent absence.A.employed；firingB.employed；firedC.hired；firingD.hiring；being fired【解析】选B。句意：他受雇于三星公司做销售员，但很快因频繁缺勤被解雇了。第一个空为“受雇”，用employ或hire;第二个空为“解雇”，用fire，且均为被动形式。故选B。3.完成句子那就是他出生的地方。_ he was born.当时天正下着雨，那正是我迟到的原因。It was raining then._ I was late.That is whereThat was why
