1、江苏省铜山县2014高考英语提升训练（9）及答案阅读理解About a third of all common cancers in the United States, China and Britain could be prevented each year if people ate healthier food, drank less alcohol and exercised more, health experts said on Friday. Reports from the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) suggest that mak
2、ing simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers alone in Britain and the United States, as well as tens of thousands of stomach cancers. “Even in 2011, people are dying unnecessarily from cancers that could be prevented through keeping a healthy weight, diet, physical ac
3、tivity and other lifestyle factors,” said a WCRF medical and scientific adviser. WCRF findings are supported by World Health Organization (WHO) reports, which say regular exercise can prevent many diseases such as cancers and heart diseases. Cancer is a leading cause of death around the world and it
4、s incidence(发病率) is rising. Each year around 12.7 million people discover they have cancer and 7.6 million people die from some form of the disease. There are about 200 known types of cancer. Rachel Thompson, the WCRFs head of science, said that while the message was simple that not smoking, eating
5、good food and being a healthy weight can help ward off many cancers it was still a difficult one to get across. The WHO says adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. This could be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per week or by cycling to work every day. Peter Baldini, head
6、 of the World Lung Foundation, also called on all governments to introduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes. Tobacco kills millions of smokers every year, and tobacco-related lung cancers also kill hundreds of thousands of people who dont smoke but have been exposed to it second-han
7、d. “There isnt a magic bullet to cure all forms of cancer, but we have the opportunity and the duty to protect people from developing cancer wherever possible,” Baldini said.63. Which of the following words can best take the place of the phrase “ward off” in the sixth paragraph? A. protect B. preven
8、t C. develop D. cure【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据not smoking, eating good food and being a healthy weight can help及many cancers可以推测是不吸烟，吃好的食物及有一个健康的体重有助于阻止癌症的发生，故选B。64. Which of the following statements is Not true according to the text? A. Exercising and eating healthily can help to reduce cancer risk. B. Each
9、 year about 12.7 million people are diagnosed with cancer around the world. C. Every year millions of people die from smoking and lung cancers. D. Adults should walk for fifty minutes three times per week.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据The WHO says adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. This co
10、uld be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per week or by cycling to work every day.世界卫生组织建议一周五次一次30分钟的锻炼时间，故选D。65. Which of the following can be the best title of this text? A. Simple life changes could stop millions of cancers B. Cancer is a leading cause of death C. Our bad lifestyle caused
11、 many diseases D. The incidence of common cancers is rising【答案】A【解析】标题归纳题。根据making simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers及短文的内容可知要人们平时注意生活能够阻止癌症的发生，故选A。66. By writing the passage, the author mainly intends to _. A. advise people to develop healthier lifestyle. B. wa
12、rn people of the danger of cancers C. explain why many people die from cancers every year. D. introduce the ways to protect people from developing cancers【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文的内容可知主要建议人们发展健康的生活，故选A。67. We can infer from Peter Baldinis opinion in the last two paragraphs that _. A. all the lung cancers
13、are linked to smoking B. there is no medicine to cure the cancers but its our duty to find one C. all governments should take measures to control smokers and protect peoples health D. its our opportunity and duty to persuade people to give up smoking【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据called on all governments to intr
14、oduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes.建议政府要采取措施控制人们吸烟进而来保护人们的身体健康，故选C。阅读理解This is our country, America. The country where everyone is supposed to have a shot at financial success. The country of dreams and ambition. Yet, caused by the endless pursuit of individual profit, our count
15、ry is a mess. And we owe it all to capitalism. We live in a society where people are forced to live without health coverage. A country where the poor can hardly feed themselves while the rich decide which one of their 10 homes to stay at for the night. All of these sad things arise out of capitalism
16、. Sadly, our country values little more than money. It motivates our decisions and even influences entire political parties. We have gotten to the point in society where a human life comes secondary to our financial security. Any rational society would value life above all else and realize that heal
17、th is a basic human right. Yet in our world, money comes first.I never once have claimed to be an economist and have no interest in debating the financial advantages of any economic system. Yet socialism surely looks better than what we have. If we lived in a socialist society, we would be a country
18、 without such an unfair wealth distribution. We would value friendship over business and we would treat one another as humans. Most importantly, however, is that money would stop controlling our lives and we could act how humans should act. Capitalism has created an “every man for himself” existence
19、. Everything is a battle for limited resources and fuels. We have become so accustomed to the life value that we will do whatever we have to look out for ourselves. Yet is this really the kind of life we want?We have become so illusioned. We are tired of the misdirection. All economic systems have t
20、heir issues, but I feel like ours is turning our country into something it shouldnt be. The good of man falls secondary to money. In our world, it is all about dollars and cents, which, unfortunately for most, makes no sense.51. In the authors opinion, the root cause of the present situation in his
21、country is _.A. money B. peoples value C. social unfairness D. social system【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据we owe it all to capitalism所有的一切都是因为是资本主义社会，也就是他们国家的制度，故选D。52. According to the passage, which is NOT the characteristic of capitalism?A. individualism B. endless pursuit of wealth C. humanism D. great gap
22、between the rich and the poor 【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。individualism个人利己主义； endless pursuit of wealth 无休止追求财富；humanism 人道主义；great gap between the rich and the poor富人和穷人的距离拉大；根据Capitalism has created an “every man for himself” existence.利己主义；caused by the endless pursuit of individual profit, 无休止追求财富；If we liv
23、ed in a socialist society, we would be a country without such an unfair wealth distribution. 财富分配不均；这些都是资本主义的特征，只有人道主义是社会主义的特征，故选C。53. How does the author feel about his country?A. concerned B. angry C. skeptical D. hopeless 【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。concerned关心的； angry生气的； skeptical 怀疑的； hopeless绝望的。根据Yet is
24、 this really the kind of life we want? I feel like ours is turning our country into something it shouldnt be.这里显示出作者很关心自己的国家，故选A。54. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. Life should be placed at the top of our considerations.B. Socialism is perfect.C. Health is equally important as
25、wealth.D. The pursuit for wealth should be restricted. 【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据Any rational society would value life above all else 及The good of man falls secondary to money.作者同意钱放在第二位，生命放在第一位，故选A。55. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How to Save America B. Capitalism Is in
26、TroubleC. Why Is America in Trouble D. America Is in Trouble 【答案】C【解析】标题归纳题。根据本文的内容叙述了美国为什么处于困境之中，故选C。阅读理解-BWal-Mart is not just the worlds largest retailer （零售商）. Its the worlds largest company, which sells in three months what number-two retailer Home Depot sells in a year. Wal-Mart exercises its
27、power for just one purpose: to bring the lowest possible prices to its customers. At Wal-Mart, that goal is never reached. The retailer has a clear policy for suppliers: On basic products that dont change, the price Wal-Mart will pay, and will charge shoppers, must drop year after year. But what alm
28、ost no one outside the world of Wal-Mart and none of its 21,000 suppliers know is the high cost of those low prices. To survive in the face of its pricing demands, makers of everything from bikes to jeans have had to close US plants in favor of obtaining products from abroad. Indeed, the real story
29、of Wal-Mart, the story that never gets told, is the story of the pressure the biggest retailer constantly applies to its suppliers in the name of bringing us every day low prices. The giant retailer s low prices often come with a high cost. Wal-Mart s pressure can crush the companies it does busines
30、s with and force them to send jobs overseas. Are we shopping our way straight to the unemployment line? Of course, US companies have been moving jobs offshore for decades, long before Wal-Mart was a retailing power. But there is no question that the chain is helping accelerate the loss of American j
31、obs to low-wage countries such as Thailand. People ask, How can it be bad for things to come into the US cheaply? Sure, its great to have bargains. But you can t buy anything if you re not employed. There is no question that Wal-Marts drive to squeeze out cost has benefited consumers. By now, it is
32、accepted wisdom that Wal-Mart makes the companies it does business with more efficient and focused. Wal-Mart itself is known for continuous improvement in its ability to handle, move, and track goods. It is legendary （传奇） for forcing its suppliers to redesign everything from their packaging to their
33、 computer systems. It is also legendary for quite straightforwardly telling them what it will pay for their goods. 1. How do suppliers meet the requirements of Wal-Mart?A. To sell even more goods in three months. B. To cut down the employment rate sharply. C. To charge shoppers at a much higher pric
34、e. D. To run the business in a well-organized way. 2. Wal-Marts low price policy results in _.A. more high-paying jobsB. better designed packagesC. bigger profit of its partnersD. more jobless American workers3. What can we infer from the passage? A. Still more quality goods will be provided. B. The
35、 food you get at Wal-Mart costs least. C. The value of Mal-Mart is over assessed. D. Wal-Mart is a very demanding company. 4. Whats the best title for the passage?A. The Fortune Wal-Mart MakesB. The Wal-Mart you dont Know C. The Biggest RetailerWal-MartD. The Money Saving Tip in Wal-Mart【参考答案】DDDB阅读
36、理解-DA lot of interesting things have happened in the past several months as people from all walks of life learn how to stretch their money. A lot of changes have been accelerated by the fuel shocks during the summer of 2008; in a lot of ways we seem to be reverting to the frugal(economical) sensibil
37、ities of a past generation. More people are choosing to be more picky when they swipe their credit cards even if that means not buying things until they have money in their bank accounts, the days of the $0-down mortgage(抵押贷款)seem to be murdered, and there is a lot more acceptance of environmentally
38、-friendly technologies that promise to reduce our overall dependency on foreign oil even if it means taking a hit to the excesses that used to define our quality of living.An interesting new trend being taken by small businesses is the practice of offering discounted prices to customers willing to p
39、ay in cash. This is not the same as paying “under the table”-rather, the store saves its merchant processing fees and passes those savings on to the customers. The idea is a good one in principle-paying in cash forces consumers to take stock of what they are spending as much as it saves stores from
40、transaction(交易) fees. Of course there are drawbacks to the plan. When people pay in cash, they tend to be more conservative with their spending since they tangibly(really) feel their money leave their possession. That will cause stores to lose profits because customers will think twice before buying
41、 highmargin “impulse” products at checkout whereas before they might not have thought twice before charging it. Increased volume of cash handling opens stores to loss through employee theft at the till(抽屉), not to mention controls that need to be put into place to count and deposit physical currency
42、.Our family has saved a fortune by switching to cash. When getting to the bottom of your change jar means no more purchase power until your next pay period, you really start to appreciate the fine art of merchandising(做买卖) and the expertise applied to make you want to buy more and more. Cold hard ca
43、sh feels more organic, and helps us to appreciate the effort it takes to maintain our lifestyle.56. From the passage, we can learn that _.A. customers are in a more favorable position by paying in cash.B. people will not be allowed to use their credit cards if there is no money in their bank account
44、. C. people have adjusted their way of living to the new situation.D. people are living better than before by paying in cash.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据全文的内容可知出现了新的现象时，人们会慢慢地去适应，故选C。57. By saying “people from all walks of life learn how to stretch their money”, the author means that _. A. people walk to work
45、 in order to save money.B. people of all professions learn to make the best use of their money.C. people of the whole society learn to earn more money.D. all people learn to extend money so that it is worth more.【答案】B【解析】句意理解题。all walks of life各行各业；stretch their money充分利用钱；这句应该是来自各行各业的人们都充分利用他们自己的钱，
46、也就是让钱发挥最大的作用，故选B。58. When the customers pay their goods in cash, the stores will be affected in the following ways EXCEPT _.A. the sale of their goods will decrease as the customers are more reluctant to buy things.B. there is a potential danger of money loss by their staff.C. it brings a burden to
47、the stores as they need to deal with the cash.D. the stores make less money as they need to give some money back to the customers.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据That will cause stores to lose profits because customers will think twice因为顾客不是情愿地去买东西所以商店的销售量会有所下降，选项A符合原文；Increased volume of cash handling opens store
48、s to loss through employee theft at the till(抽屉), not to mention controls that need to be put into place to count and deposit physical currency.有大量地现金使员工处理现金时负担增大，同时也增加了员工丢失钱的危险，选项CD符合原文；只有选项D没有提到，故选D。 59. What caused people to start to use cash instead of credit cards?A. The rising prices. B. High
49、unemployment. C. The fuel shocks. D. The economic crisis.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据A lot of changes have been accelerated by the fuel shocks during the summer of 2008; in a lot of ways we seem to be reverting to the frugal(economical) sensibilities of a past generation.由于燃料的冲击，我们为了节俭，又开始使用现金来代替信用卡，故选C。60. W
50、hats the authors attitude towards the practice of paying in cash?A. Approving B. Ridiculous C. Uninterested D. Opposed 【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。approving赞成的； ridiculous荒谬的； uninterested不感兴趣的； opposed 反对的。根据Cold hard cash feels more organic, and helps us to appreciate the effort it takes to maintain our lifestyle.可知作者对于现金支付是赞成的，故选A。
