1、课时作业(四)单元小测必备知识基础练进阶训练第一层.单句语法填空1I will tell him the good news _ (instant)I meet him.2The heating will switch off _ (automatic) when you leave the room.3Parents words and deeds can _ (potential) affect children.4In my opinion, its a matter of personal _ (prefer)5The president _ (command)the release
2、of the prisoners last year.6As we all know, fashion is _ (constant) changing.7Im the schools _ (library), who takes care of the books in the library.8People in this area put more _ (emphasise) on environmental protection than before.9We all oppose _ (lend) him so much money because he isnt reliable.
3、10There has been a lot of _ (resist) to the new law.11Surprisingly, the Amish live happily in the _ (absent) of new technology.完成句子1为这些幸存者提供食物和水是重要的。_ make food and water available to the survivors.2我们有可能会提前完成任务。_ we finish the task in advance.3我一看到她就认出她了。I recognised her _ I saw her.4你的决定对我们的未来至关重要
4、。Your decision is _ our future.5我不会听从你的建议。不过，我还是要谢谢你。I wont follow your advice. _， thank you all the same.6我认为，与我们的朋友和家人保持联系是有必要的，即使我们在国外。I think it is necessary _ our friends and family even if we are abroad.7昨天，Jack卖了那辆他在几年前买的车。Yesterday Jack sold the car, _ several years ago.8他们不再总是依赖父母的钱。They _
5、rely on their parents for money all the time.9今天下午六点葆拉将正在洗淋浴。Paula _ a shower at 6 this afternoon.10下周的这个时候她就会躺在海滩上了。This time next week she _ on the beach.关键能力提升练进阶训练第二层.阅读Suppose we built a robot to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors (探测器) to keep it away from dang
6、er. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No, the robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to stop its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.According to evo
7、lutionary (进化的) theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny that sleep provides some important restorative functions. It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activ
8、ity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bear
9、s will nose into the tent.The evolutionary theory explains the differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of ina
10、ctivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival depends on t
11、heir ability to run away from attackers.1The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us _.Athe differences between robots and menBthe reason why men need to sleepCabout the need for robots to save powerDabout the danger of men working at night2Evolution has programmed man t
12、o sleep at night chiefly to help him _.Akeep up a regular pattern of lifeBprevent trouble that comes looking for himCavoid danger and inefficient laborDrestore his bodily functions3Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?AEvolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of
13、sleeping and waking.BThe study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory.CSleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robots.DThe sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats.七选五Many countries have traditional dishes, made from spe
14、cial ingredients and prepared in a certain way. _1_， and when tourists visit, these are the foods they want to try. But why are some foods more popular than others in certain areas?Traditional ingredientsTypical recipes (菜谱) are usually made from native plant and animal products. For example, Korean
15、 dishes often include rice and soybeans because both plants are native to East Asia and grow well in hot, wet areas. In contrast, wheat grows well in drier areas, like the Middle East, where bread is a common staple (主要的) food. _2_， whereas inland cuisine tends to use more meat from farm animals.Foo
16、d preservationLocal cuisine often depends on how people traditionally prepared food for storage. In warm weather, meat and fish can go off quickly, so they must be cooked right away or preserved for later. _3_. For that reason, modern Norwegian cuisine includes many smoked foods.Cooking techniques_4
17、_. In China, people often fry food in a deep metal pan or steam it in a basket over hot water. In Morocco, people cook traditional dishes in a special pot called a tajine, while in parts of India, people use a large oven, called a tandoor. And some local dishes arent cooked at all.Imported (进口的) ing
18、redientsSometimes local cuisine includes ingredients that originally came from another place. _5_， while many Russian dishes are made from potatoes. However, all of these ingredients were brought to Europe from South America in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. But now they are common around th
19、e world.ASeafood is often a key ingredient in coastal areasBThere is a danger that local food traditions will be lostCMany different cooking techniques are used around the worldDFor example, Italian dishes often include tomatoes and peppersENowadays, we can buy food products from all around the worl
20、dFThese local dishes can become symbols of a place and its cultureGIn Norway, the Vikings used to “cure” meat and fish by smoking them over a fire.完形填空A couple of weeks ago, my friend offered to sell some of our things for us. I thought it was a good opportunity to _1_ my 7yearold sons room and _2_
21、some toys that were no longer suitable for him to play with. We _3_ that all the money we made from selling the toys would be his.The night before the sale, we loaded up the truck with toys and a little bike that was too _4_ for him. In the yard he _5_ the bike for the last time and then happily put
22、 it onto the truck. This little bike had at least two previous owners as far as we _6_. It wasnt in the best _7_ and was certainly not new, but the tires (轮胎) were still good.We put a sign a price of $10 on the bike, but it wasnt sold. So, after the sale was _8_， my friend put it on the sidewalk, wi
23、th a sign that _9_“FREE BIKE”. Within five minutes the bell rang. A little boy was _10_ there. In poor English he asked whether the bike was really free. We said yes and that he could have it for _11_. He smiled, got on the bike and rode away.Later that evening when I told my son how much money he h
24、ad made at the sale, he was very _12_， shouting happily. He asked about a few of his things, wondering _13_ all his things had been sold. When he asked about the bike, I told him about the little boy and that made him smile. He was much happier than when I told him how much money he had _14_. He was
25、 so happy to hear that someone else would make good _15_ of that little bike!1 A.clean BcheckCdisplay Ddesign2 A.look for Bgo throughCshow off Ddeal with3 A.refused BagreedCwrote Dlied4 A.weak BsmallCnew Dthin5 A.rode BfoundCwatched Dfelt6 A.doubted BknewCtold Dthought7 A.time BchanceCplace Dshape8
26、A.ahead BonCnear Dover9 A.said BrepeatedCcopied Dtalked10A.jumping BstandingCwalking Dshouting11A.something BanythingCeverything Dnothing12A.calm BscaredCexcited Ddisappointed13A.when BifCwhy Dwhat14A.enjoyed BlostCbought Dmade15A.interest BmoneyCuse Dprice .语法填空Recently, an Internet word“foxi” or “
27、Buddhalike” (佛系 )is becoming increasingly popular as it encourages people, especially 1._ young to remain calm and 2._ (peace) and avoid disagreement as much as possible, in other words, to live like a Buddha.The word 3._ (create) for the first time in 2014 in Japan to describe young men who no long
28、er bother to start relationships with women or follow someone elses life path. They prefer to stay in their own peaceful world without 4._ (disturb) and care little about passion and success.In this fastchanging and competitive world, many people are 5._ heavy pressure. Its only natural that people
29、are seeking for a spiritual bay. However, some would compare “foxi” with “demotivational (无动力的) culture”a phrase 6._ describes young people who feel aimless and powerless. They say that “foxi” actually reflects the reality that young people 7._ (lose) their will to fight. They are pretending8._ (kee
30、p) a healthy and wise attitude towards 9._ (fail) simply because they are incapable (无能力的) of succeeding.All in all, there is one thing that “Buddhalike youngsters” should 10._ (basic) keep in mind: You may want to keep a calm mindset, but you should never stop fighting for yourselves!.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据
31、其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Healthy eating is becoming more important than ever. Teaching your kids healthy eating habits is one of the most important things you can do for them as a parent. But while theres no miracle tip that will make the difference between healthy children and obese or overweight children,
32、 there are some things you can do to instil (逐步培养) healthier eating habits in your kids.Most parents and children claim that breakfast is part of their everyday routines. Children who eat breakfast have higher math grades, make improvement in reading scores and basically perform better in school. Th
33、ey also tend to have healthier bodies in general, with bettercontrolled weight levels.When you take them to the grocery store with you, there is no doubt that your children will request the most sugarfilled, fatinjected products on the shelf. But these are not the ones to have in your homeand if pos
34、sible, you should avoid purchasing them. Be sure your kids have healthy snacks. Yes, kids like white bread. But any kid can get used to the taste of whole grains. It just takes a little practice. Look for white bread, and add other whole grains into their diet. Start toasting their sandwiches. When
35、they are toasted, itll be that much harder for them to tell the difference in taste.One of the best things you can do to establish healthy eating habits in your kids is to have them yourself. When your children see you reaching for an apple instead of a bag of chips, they tend to do the same. Involv
36、e your kids in shopping for and cooking food. This will give you the chance to teach your kids about healthy choices and why they should make them. In short, you can tell your kids every day to eat healthy foods.but if you dont do the same thing yourself, the lesson will never stick._课时作业(四)单元小测必备知识
37、基础练.单句语法填空1instantly2.automatically3.potentially4.preferencemanded6.constantly7.librarian8.emphasis9.lending10.resistance11.absence.完成句子1It is important to2.It is possible that3.the instant4.critical to5Nevertheless6.to keep in touch with7.which he bought8.no longer9.will be taking10.will be lying关键
38、能力提升练.阅读【语篇解读】这是一篇科普说明文，介绍了有关睡觉进化论方面的知识。1答案与解析：B推理判断题，根据文章第二段第一句evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason可推知此题答案为B。2答案与解析：C细节理解题，根据文章第二段第三句when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous可推知此题答案为C。3答案与解析：A主旨大意题，根据文章第二段第一句和第三段第一句可推知此题答案为 A。.七选五【语
39、篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要分析了为什么某些食物在某些特定地区会比在其他地区更受欢迎。1答案与解析：F根据前一句Many countries have traditional dishes, made from special ingredients and prepared in a certain way.(许多国家都有传统的菜肴，用特殊的原料制成，并以某种方式烹制。)以及设空处后面的and when tourists visit, these are the foods they want to try(当游客参观时，这些是他们想要尝试的食物)可知，F项(这些地方菜可以成为一个地方及其
40、文化的象征)承上启下，故选F项。2答案与解析：A根据上下文可知，这里陈述不同的食物来自不同的地区，whereas表转折，所以A项(海鲜通常是沿海地区的关键食材)符合语境，故选A项。3答案与解析：G根据前一句In warm weather, meat and fish can go off quickly, so they must be cooked right away or preserved for later.(在温暖的天气里，肉和鱼会很快变质，所以它们必须马上煮熟或保存起来以备以后食用。)和后一句For that reason, modern Norwegian cuisine in
41、cludes many smoked foods.(因此，现代挪威美食包括许多熏制食物。)可知，设空处应该是有关食物保存方面的内容，G项(在挪威，维京人曾经通过在火上熏制肉和鱼来保存它们)承上启下，故选G项。4答案与解析：C根据主题句Cooking techniques(烹饪技术)和下文讲述的中国、摩洛哥和印度使用不同的烹饪技术可知，设空处应该是表示世界各地使用了许多不同的烹饪技术，故选C项。5答案与解析：D根据前一句Sometimes local cuisine includes ingredients that originally came from another place.(有时当
42、地菜的食材最初来自其他地方。)和设空处后的while many Russian dishes are made from potatoes.(而许多俄罗斯菜是用土豆做的。)可知，这里是在举例，D项(例如，意大利菜通常包括西红柿和辣椒)符合语境，故选D项。.完形填空【语篇解读】本文记叙了作者在处理儿子旧玩具的过程中儿子的表现。当儿子发现自己喜爱的自行车被送给另一个孩子时，儿子非常高兴，甚至比作者告诉他卖玩具赚了多少钱时更加高兴，说明儿子是一个非常有爱心的人。1答案与解析：A根据后文可知，“我”打算把不再适合自己七岁儿子玩的一些玩具处理掉，这是“清理(clean)”儿子房间的一个好机会。2答案与解
43、析：D根据语境可知，作者想“处理(deal with)”一些不再适合儿子玩的玩具。3答案与解析：B根据最后一段中“when I told.he had made”可知，“我”和儿子达成一致意见，即卖玩具的钱全部归他所有，agree that.“对取得一致意见”为固定句型。4答案与解析：B根据常识可知，儿子长大了，他的自行车对他来说已经太“小(small)”了。5答案与解析：A根据空后的“for the last time”可知，这是儿子最后一次在院子里骑他的小自行车。ride the bike“骑车”为固定短语。6答案与解析：B句意：据我们所知，这辆小自行车此前至少有两任主人。as far a
44、s we know是固定短语，意为“据我们所知”。7答案与解析：D根据“at least two previous owners”以及下文提到的“was certainly not new”可推知，它并不是完好无损的。in good shape为固定短语，意为“状况良好”。8答案与解析：D根据上文可知，这辆小自行车没有卖掉；再根据下文中的“my friend put it on the sidewalk”可知朋友把它放在了人行道上。故可推测此处是指售卖结束。故选D。9答案与解析：A分析句子结构可知，that引导的是定语从句，修饰a sign，故定语从句中的谓语动词应用said，意为“写着”。1
45、0答案与解析：B小男孩是为自行车来的，所以按响铃后，他应该是“站(standing)”在车旁。11答案与解析：D“我们”告诉小男孩自行车确实是免费的。for nothing与for free同义。12答案与解析：C根据空格后的信息shouting happily可以推断，儿子很“激动(excited)”。13答案与解析：B根据上文中的“He asked about a few of his things”及语境可以推断，儿子想知道“是否(if)”所有的旧玩具都已卖掉。14答案与解析：D此处表示“我”告诉儿子他已经赚到了多少钱。make money是固定短语，意为“赚钱”。15答案与解析：C根据
46、上文可知，小男孩骑走了儿子的小自行车，故可推知，这里是说还有别人愿意继续好好“使用( use)”他的自行车。.语法填空【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文，针对网上的流行语“佛系”，作者强调我们应该保持平静的心态，但不要停止努力。1答案与解析：the考查冠词。the young表示“年轻人”，“the形容词”表示“一类人或事物”。2答案与解析：peaceful考查形容词。该空与calm并列，作remain的表语，因此用形容词。3答案与解析：was created考查时态和语态。依据句中的时间状语in 2014可知，此处用一般过去时，且word与create是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。4答案与
47、解析：being disturbed考查非谓语动词。disturb与句子的主语They是逻辑上的动宾关系，且空处作介词without的宾语，因此用动词ing形式的被动式。5答案与解析：under考查介词。此处表示”在这个快速变化和竞争激烈的世界里，许多人承受着巨大的压力”。故填under。6答案与解析：which/that考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰phrase，从句中缺少主语，因此用which/that引导。7答案与解析：are losing考查时态。结合上下文可知，此处作者在描述目前存在的状况，故应用现在进行时。8答案与解析：to keep考查非谓语动词。动词短语pretend t
48、o do.表示“假装做”。9答案与解析：failure考查名词。此处表示他们假装对失败保持健康、明智的态度，仅仅是因为他们没有能力成功。an attitude towards名词“对的态度”，故答案为failure。10答案与解析：basically考查副词。空处修饰动词短语keep.in mind，应用副词，故填basically。.概要写作参考范文：As a parent, you should establish healthy eating habits in your kids. (要点1) Regular breakfast can control weight levels an
49、d make the body healthier, which contributes a lot to higher math and reading grades and better performance in school. (要点2) Make sure your kids have healthy snacks and add other whole grains into their diet. (要点3) Last but not least, set an example for your kids by having healthy eating habits yourself. (要点4)
