1、课时分层作业(十一)Section (建议用时：30分钟)语言知识练习固基础单句语法填空1Ill never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week2After a quick glance at the patient，the doctor arranged for an ambulance3Your statement(state) is too generalCould you be more specific about what youre going to do in the future
2、?4Opposed(oppose) to the new plan，most of the members left the meeting room5You should eat a little more even if/though you dont like the food6If you subscribe to the newspaper，it will be delivered to your door7Though he is less than one year old，he is strong enough to walk steadily(steady)8I tend t
3、o wake(wake) up early in the morning9Once the balance of nature is disturbed，it may result in a number of unforeseen effects10I dont doubt that he can finish the task on time高考题型练习提能力阅读理解We use more than 20 million tons of sodium chloride(氯化钠) on our roadways every winterThats about 13 times more sa
4、lt than is used by the entire food processing industrySalt lowers the freezing temperature of water and thus melts snow and iceBut its public safety benefits do come with some ecological drawbacksThe biggest concern with road salt is how it affects water qualityThe material doesnt just disappear whe
5、n the snow and ice melts：It is washed away into lakes and streams or gets into groundwater suppliesResearchers recently found that，in the urban Twin Cities area，70 percent of the salt applied to roads stays within the regions watershed(水源区)Once it gets there，the pollution is difficult and expensive
6、to removeSalty groundwater can make for salty drinking wellsThats a health issue for people on restrictedsodium diets and a taste problem for everyone elseWhen salt gets into lakes and streams，it can also harm plants and animals thereRoad salt can affect the environment in other ways，tooIt can erode
7、(腐蚀) soil and plants as far as 650 feet awayRoadsides can also turn into a sort of artificial salt lick(盐碱地) that would be attractive to animalsAs a result，they run a higher risk of becoming road killBirds are common victims，as wellSo if salt is so problematic，why are we still using it? Because its
8、cheapAlternative chemicals can be much more expensive，and they often require new spreading equipmentAs researchers continue to look for substitutes，there are plenty of ways that road crews can cut back on their salt usagePrewetting the salt，for example，allows for more controlled application and bett
9、er sticking powerWeather monitoring is key，too：Applying salt just before a storm hits，so that the snow cant adhere(附着) to the ground，is usually more efficient than waiting until after the snow has fallen【语篇解读】本文是议论文。主要论述了道路用盐对环境的负面影响及减少道路用盐的方法。1How does road salt melt snow and ice?ABy changing the w
10、eatherBBy raising their temperaturesCBy raising the temperature of roadsDBy changing the freezing point of waterD细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Salt lowers the freezing temperature of water and thus melts snow and ice”可知，道路用盐通过降低水的冰点使冰雪融化。2The author is most worried about the influence of road salt on Atraffic safet
11、yBwater qualityCsoil conditions Dplants and animalsB细节理解题。根据第二段开头的“The biggest concern with road salt is how it affects water quality”可得出答案。3Its mentioned in the text that birds Aoften die because of eroded soilBoften die because of polluted waterCare often killed by vehicles on roadsDare often kill
12、ed by other animals in the fieldsC推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Roadsides can also turn into a sort of artificialBirds are common victims，as well”可推断出，鸟类常在舔食道路用盐时被路上的交通工具碾压致死。4What is the main idea of the last paragraph?AHow to use road salt more efficientlyBResearchers are looking for substitutesCRoad crews are mo
13、nitoring the weatherDThe advantages of alternative chemicalsA段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“there are plenty of ways that road crews can cut back on their salt usage”及下文列举的方法可知，本段主要讲如何用较少的道路用盐达到融化冰雪的效果，也就是如何更有效地使用道路用盐。完形填空Global warming is changing the migration patterns of many birds，altering flight paths that hav
14、e remained unchanged for generations and that were firmly anchored(固定) in their genes，scientists 1 “Warming in Europe has changed 2 the migration direction of the warbler(莺)，” said behaviour 3 Eberhard Curio of Bochum University in western Germanys Ruhr regionThe small birds native to central and ea
15、stern Europe 4 to migrate southwest to spend winter in southern France，Spain 5 northern AfricaBut now Curio says many of them fly westward to spend the 6 months in southern England“ 7 changes in migration patterns are the result of 8 selectionThe birds that fly in a(n) 9 direction will die，” the bio
16、logist said，“while the birds that fly to more favorable destinations pass on this behaviour pattern to their 10 ”Researchers 11 believe that birds use a kind of second sense to orient their migration patterns，either a 12 orientation (定向；定位) based on the position of the sun，or with the 13 of a sort o
17、f inner compass“Since animals possess a precise inner clock，they can determine their position by the sun and the stars，” said CurioNavigation by inner compass 14 the Earths magnetic(有磁性的)field 15 ，the routes taken by different species of birds are very much influenced by their flight capabilities【语篇
18、解读】全球变暖正在改变许多鸟类的迁徙模式，并改变其世世代代都保持不变的飞行路径。1AsayBinterpretCrecall DsolveA前面提到的事为科学家所“说；讲”，故选 A项。interpret解释；翻译；recall回想；回忆；solve解决。2Averbally BlikelyCsimilarly DprobablyDverbally言词上；口头地；similarly相似地；likely和probably都有“很可能”的意思，但likely 在此搭配有误。3Alearner BresearcherCdoctor DfellowshipB由第三段克里奥(Curio)所观察到的鸟类迁
19、徙现象然后得出结论可知，他是一个行为研究者。researcher研究者；研究员。Cremembered DusedD由下文“But now Curio says”一句可知，这些鸟类“过去常常”迁徙到西南方。 5Abut Bsuch asCand DtoC几个地区、国家名称并列，用and连接。6Ahotter BcoolerCcolder DwarmerC上句winter有暗示。7ASuch BSoCSuch many DMany aA承接上文，迁徙方式的这些改变，用“such changes”。8Aartificial BnaturalCintentional DphysicalB根据自然科学
20、常识，鸟类迁徙的变化是自然选择的结果。natural自然的。9Aunfavorable BadvantageousCfavorite DbadA该句与下句形成对比，由more favorable可知此句填unfavorable。10Aforefathers BparentsCcounterparts DoffspringD由pass onto“将传递给”可知应填“下一代”offspring。 forefathers祖先；前辈；counterparts相对应的人/物。11Acompletely BconstantlyCrightly DcurrentlyD表示“科学家们目前相信”。complet
21、ely完全地；constantly不断地；持续地；rightly 恰当地；正确地。12Avisual BoralCconscious DhearingA太阳的位置应为视觉定位(visual orientation)。oral口头的；conscious有意识的；hearing听觉的。13Acombination BcomplaintCaid DstorageCwith the aid of“在的帮助下”，固定搭配。combination结合；complaint抱怨；storage贮存。14Arelies on Bleads toCdetermines to Ddecides toArely on依赖于；lead to导致；determine to决心；decide to决定。由句意可知A项正确。15ATherefore BIn addition CHowever DAndB因为上文已提到鸟类迁徙路线改变的几个原因，这里再作补充用in addition。therefore所以；however然而。
