1、福州市2015高考英语【三月】阅读类训练（1）及答案【由上海市徐汇区2014诊断卷改编】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。It is evident that there is a close connection between the capacity to use language and the capacities covered by the verb “to think”. Indeed, some writers have identified thinking with using words: Plato coined the sa
2、ying, “In thinking the soul is talking to itself”; J. B. Watson reduced thinking to inhibited(拘谨的) speech located in the minute(微小的) movements or tensions of the physiological mechanisms involved in speaking; and although Ryle is careful to point out that there are many senses in which a person is s
3、aid to think and in which words are not in evidence, he has also said that saying something in a specific frame of mind is thinking a thought.Is thinking reducible to, or dependent upon, language habits? It would seem that many thinking situations are hardly distinguishable from the skillful use of
4、language, although there are some others in which language is not involved. Thought cannot be simply identified with using language. It may be the case, of course, that the non-linguistic skills involved in thought can only be acquired and developed if the learner is able to use and understand langu
5、age. However, this question is one which we cannot hope to answer in this book. Obviously being able to use language makes for a considerable development in all ones capacities but how precisely this comes about we cannot say. At the common-sense level it appears that there is often a distinction be
6、tween thought and the words we employ to communicate with other people. We often have to struggle hard to find words to capture what our thinking has already grasped, and when we do find words we sometimes feel that they fail to do their job properly. Again when we report or describe our thinking to
7、 other people we do not merely report unspoken words and sentences. Such sentences do not always occur in thinking, and when they do they are merged with vague imagery and the hint of unconscious or subliminal（潜意识） activities going on just out of rage. Thinking, as it happens, is more like strugglin
8、g, striving, or searching for something than it is like talking or reading.Again the study of speech disorders due to brain injury disease suggests that patients can think without having adequate control over their language. Some patients, for example, fail to find the names of objects presented to
9、them and are unable to describe simple events which they witness; they even find it difficult to interpret long written notices. But they succeed in playing games of chess or draughts. They can use the concepts needed for chess playing or draught playing but are unable to use many of the concepts in
10、 ordinary language. How they manage to do this we do not know. Presumably human beings have various capacities for thinking situations which are likewise independent of language.1、According to the theory of thought devised by J. B. Watson, thinking is_.A. talking to the soul B. concealed speechC. sp
11、eaking nonverbally D. a non-linguistic behavior2、What does the author think about the relationship between language and thinking?A. The ability to use language enhances ones capacity of thinking.B. Words and thinking match more often than not.C. Thinking never goes without language.D. Language and t
12、hinking are generally distinguishable.3、According to the author, when we intend to describe our thoughts, we_. A. merely report internal speechB. have to search for proper words in the way we readC. are overwhelmed with vague imageryD. sometimes are not able to find appropriate words 4、Why are patie
13、nts with speech disorders able to think without having adequate control of language?A. They use different concepts. B. They do not think linguistically.C. It still remains an unsolved mystery. D. Thinking is independent of language.【参考答案】14、BADC阅读理解Life can present us with many surprises, disappoint
14、ments, obstacles and even tragedies. Its important to learn how to be more positive in spite of difficulties, because a positive attitude helps us achieve more in life. Think more positive thoughts in life. Focus on exchanging your negative thoughts for positive ones. Make it a habit every day to ge
15、t out of bed thinking more positive thoughts and engage your mind in preparing positive plans for a good dayat home, in school or at work. Feel more positive emotions. Choose to have positive feelings whenever a challenge or an opportunity awakens your emotions. You can be more positive at home, in
16、school or at work by developing good thoughts that cause more positive feelings to surface, instead of negative ones. Use your positive thoughts and feelings to handle difficult tasks with a positive attitude. Harvest more positive benefits. Enjoy the rewards of your more positive thoughts, feelings
17、 and behavior in lifethrough success in school, accomplishments at work and happiness at home. You will have earned them!Help others be more positive in life. Help others to share your new, more constructive frame of mind. Point out the advantages of being more positive in thought, word and deed whi
18、ch include greater success and personal satisfaction at home, in school and at work. The evidence in life supports the superior outcomes of a positive attitude. Its not easy for many of us, so try to help others see the light as often as you can. Above all things, one way to be able to be more posit
19、ive and constructive in life is through continuing education. Keep learning throughout your life to help yourself and others continually improve. Positive emotional energy is the key to health, happiness and wellbeing. The more positive you are, the better your life will be in every area. 1. The pas
20、sage mainly talks about. A. being more positive in lifeB. life full of tragedies and difficultiesC. adopting a correcting attitude in lifeD. the importance of giving a hand2. If you meet with obstacles at work, you should. A. exchange your negative thoughts for positive onesB. prepare positive plans
21、 for a good dayC. keep good thoughts in mindD. give up the negative thoughts3. Which of the following is the best fit for the blank? A. Take a positive attitude in life. B. Be careful of your behavior in life. C. Develop positive thoughts in life. D. Take more positive actions in life. 4. How can yo
22、u help others on being positive? A. To tell them your future project in detail. B. To show them the cases of your success. C. To give them practical advice. D. To encourage them to be independent thinkers. 5. In the eyes of the author, the most important for being positive is. A. to take further stu
23、dy regularlyB. to feel more positive emotionsC. to think more positive thoughts in lifeD. to help others be more positive in life【参考答案】15、ACDBA 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In
24、 many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communicationhaving a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected. The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional worried. Some doctors are c
25、oncerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad fo
26、r your health. On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning(扫描)equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age be
27、cause of serious memory loss. He couldnt remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employ
28、ers doctor didnt agree.What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. Hightech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.As
29、the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that its best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the fu
30、ture, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, its wise not to use your mobile phone too often.1People buy cell phones for the following reasons except that _.Atheyre popularBtheyre convenientCtheyre usefulDtheyre cheap答案：D细节理解题。文中第一段提到手机是一种通信工具且受欢迎；
31、手机是一种时尚；但文中没有提到手机很便宜，故D项符合题意。2The word “detected” in Paragraph 3 could be best replaced by _.AdiscoveredBremovedCcuredDcaused答案：A词义猜测题。根据句意可知用扫描设备能发现大脑和头部疾病的迹象，故A项正确。3On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies _. Adeny the existence of mobile phone radiation Bdevelop new techn
32、ology to reduce mobile phone radiation Chold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about Dtry to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health答案：C细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation，but they say the amount is too small to worry about.”可知C项正确。4T
33、he writers purpose of writing this article is to advise people _. Ato buy mobile phones Bto use mobile phones less often Cto update regular phones Dto stop using mobile phones答案：B主旨大意题。本文谈论了使用手机对人健康是否有害，在最后一段点明了本文的目的在于建议人们不要太经常地使用手机，故B项正确。完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。One afternoon, my
34、son Adam asked me, “Are all people the same even if they are different in color?” I thought for a minute, and then I said, “Ill explain, 1 you can just wait until we make a quick 2 at the grocery store. I have something 3 to show you. ” At grocery store, we 4 some apples - red, green and yellow ones
35、. Back home, I told Adam, “Its time to 5 your question.” I put one apple of each 6 on the table. Then I looked at Adam, who had a 7 look on his face. “People are like apples. They come in all 8 colors, shapes and sizes. On the 9 , some of the apples may not 10 look as the others. ” As I was talking,
36、 Adam was 11 each one carefully. Then, I took each of the apples and peeled（削皮）them, 12 them back on the table, but 13 a different place. “Okay, Adam, tell me which is which.” He said, “I 14 tell. They all look same now. ” “Take a bite of 15 . See if that helps you 16 which one is which. ” He took 1
37、7 , and then a huge smile came cross his face. . ”People are 18 like apples! They are all different, but once you 19 the outside, theyre pretty much the same on the inside. ” He totally 20 it. I didnt need to say or do anything else. ( ) 1. A. althoughB. soC. becauseD. if ( ) 2. A. stopB. startC. tu
38、rnD. stay ( ) 3. A. expressive B. encouragingC. informativeD. interesting ( ) 4. A. boughtB. countedC. sawD. collected ( ) 5. A. checkB. mentionC. answerD. improve ( ) 6. A. sizeB. typeC. shapeD. class ( ) 7. A. worriedB. satisfiedC. proudD. curious ( ) 8. A. ordinaryB. normalC. differentD. regular
39、( ) 9. A. outsideB. wholeC. tableD. inside ( ) 10. A. stillB. evenC. onlyD. ever ( ) 11. A. examiningB. measuringC. drawingD. packing ( ) 12. A. keepingB. placingC. pullingD. giving ( ) 13. A. onB. towardC. forD. in ( ) 14. A. mustntB. cantC. shouldntD. neednt ( ) 15. A. each oneB. each otherC. the
40、otherD. one another ( ) 16. A. admitB. considerC. decideD. believe ( ) 17. A. big bitesB. deep breathsC. a firm holdD. close look ( ) 18. A. justB. alwaysC. merelyD. seldom ( ) 19. A. put awayB. get downC. hand outD. take off ( ) 20. A. madeB. tookC. gotD. did 21. D 所填词引导宾语从句，意思是：是否，选D。22. A 所填名词与谓语
41、动词make构成短语，意思是：做短暂的停留。Make a start：开始，起程；make a turn：轮流；make a stay：待在某地，都与题干意思不符。23. D expressive：表达的；encouraging：奖励的，可鼓励的；informative：提供消息的；interesting：令人感兴趣的，有趣的。本句意思是：我有有趣的东西展示给你看。选D。24. A 由grocery store可知此处选A。25. C 本句意思是：现在到了回答你的问题的时间了。选C。26. B size：大小；type：类型；shape：形状；class：群。本句意思是：我从每种（类型）的苹果
42、拿出一个，放在桌子上。选B。27. D 句意是：Adam好奇地看这我。选D。28. C 由空前的all可以推断出此处选C。29. A 由后文中的outside可知此处选A。30. B 所填词修饰动词look，意思是：甚至，选B。31. A 句子意思是：Adam仔细的查看了每一个苹果。选A。32. B 此处是非谓语动词做状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，非谓语动词与逻辑主语是主动关系，且非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，用v-ing的一般式。33. D 所填介词与后文的名词place构成短语，意思是：在地方，选D。34. B 本句意思是：我不能识别。此处情态动词表能力，选B。35. A 句意是：每个尝一口。选A。36. C admit：承认；consider：考虑，认为；decide：决定；believe：相信。根据句意选C。37. A 根据前文的take a bite if可知此处选A。38. A 此处是肯定句，所填词意思是：很，仅仅，选A。always意思是：总是；merely：只，仅仅，常用与否定句中；seldom：很少，都与句意不附。39. D put away：收好；储存；get down：写下，记下；hand out：分发；take off：起飞；脱掉，去掉；名声大振。句子意思是：但是一旦去掉其外皮，。选D。40.C Sb got it意思是：他完全理解了。选C。
