1、重点语法精析语法专项训练Unit 16 Stories Period ThreeGrammar 课件（北师大版选修6，课标通用）重点语法精析语法专项训练重点语法精析语法专项训练重点语法精析语法专项训练过去完成时的过去时间常用下面四种方式表示。用by和before引导的短语表示，如：by that time，by.oclock，by the end of.，before 1993等。He had already had his breakfast before seven oclock this morning.今天早晨七点钟之前他已经吃完了早饭。用when和before引导的状语从句表示How
2、 long had Mr.Wang taught in the middle school before he came here?王先生来这里之前，在中学教了多长时间书？The train had already left when I got to the station.我赶到车站时，火车已经开走了。重点语法精析语法专项训练用sb said，sb knew或sb asked等主句表示He said he had never been to Nanjing.他说他从没到过南京。She knew she had met him before.她知道她以前见过他。通过上下文表示出来。I was
3、 very sad at his death.We had been good friends since our childhood.他的去世使我很悲伤。我们自童年时代起就是好朋友。(直到他去世之前)重点语法精析语法专项训练He had worked the whole day.他已经工作了一整天。(在回家之前已工作了一天)(2)【例句展示】By then he had learned English for 3 years.到那时，他已学了3年英语了。Until then he had known nothing about it yet.到那时为止，他对此仍一无所知。重点语法精析语法专项
4、训练【用法归纳】过去完成时表示过去某一时间之前发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到那时，并可能继续下去，常同由for或since引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。By the end of last month he had worked in Shanghai for twenty years.到上月底，他已经在上海工作了20年。(可能继续工作下去)重点语法精析语法专项训练(3)【例句展示】I found the pen which I had lost.我找到了丢失的那支钢笔。(主句为过去时，从句不可用现在完成时)I lent her the book which I had bought
5、the day before.我把前一天买的书借给她了。重点语法精析语法专项训练【用法归纳】过去完成时常用于定语从句中，定语从句中的动作如果发生在主句动作之前，要用过去完成时。(4)【例句展示】After she had done her homework，she took a walk in the garden.她做完家庭作业后，在花园里散步。(先做完作业，后散步)When I had finished reading the book，I returned it to the library.读完了那本书，我就把它还给了图书馆。重点语法精析语法专项训练【用法归纳】有时候，时间状语从句中谓
6、语动词的动作发生在主句动作之前，这时，从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时。注意：连词when，after，as soon as引导从句时，其本身往往就说明了两个相近动作的先后关系。因此，主句和从句有时均可用一般过去时如：The bus started after he got on it.他上车后，车就发动了。As soon as I came into the classroom，the bell rang.我一进教室铃就响了。重点语法精析语法专项训练(5)【例句展示】I had meant to come，but it rained.我本想来的，但是下雨了。(没能如愿)I had hope
7、d to see her again.我本希望再见她一面的。(没能如愿)比较：I hoped to see her again.我曾经希望再见到她。(过去的愿望)重点语法精析语法专项训练【用法归纳】hope，think，want，mean等动词的过去完成时，可以表示过去未曾实现的愿望、意图、希望或打算等。重点语法精析语法专项训练重点语法精析语法专项训练【用法归纳】过去完成时与现在完成时都常同表示一段时间的状语连用，如for a week，for two years，for a long time等，但现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或同现在有关的动作(句中不可有表示过去特定时间的状语)，而过去完成
8、时表示的是在过去某个时间之前已经完成或延续到过去某个时间的动作(句中有表示过去特定时间的状语)。重点语法精析语法专项训练to have/get something done结构【例句展示】We havent had the broken windowpanes replaced yet.我们还没找人换那些破了的窗户玻璃。The agent had the windows painted two years ago.房东代理两年前叫人漆过窗户。重点语法精析语法专项训练【用法归纳】“to have something done”这个结构表示动作并非主语所为，而是使人或安排人做某事，尤其可指安排专门
9、的人来做。其疑问句的构成形式就是把have当作实义动词来看待。Have they had the broken windowpanes replaced yet?他们把那些破了的窗户玻璃换了吗？When did the agent have the windows painted?房东代理什么时候油漆的窗户？重点语法精析语法专项训练在口语中，也常用“to get something done”表达同样的意思。He got the table replaced.他叫人把桌子换了。Have you got the gate mended yet?你找人修门了吗？重点语法精析语法专项训练.完成句子1
10、_(父亲本希望儿子与他一起做生意)，but his son became an artist later.2_(我们做了大量的准备工作)before class began.3By ten oclock_(我已完成了家庭作业)4_(她曾是护士)before she entered a medical college.5_(她在这所学校任教多年)before I came here.重点语法精析语法专项训练6Iwish_(上星期天与你去了就好了)7_(他们本打算到车站给我送行)，but they couldnt get there in time.8HetalkedaboutRome_(他好像去
11、过那里)重点语法精析语法专项训练9_(我们刚坐下)when she brought plates of food for us.10_(我们一到家)than it began to rain.答案1.The father had hoped that his son would go to business with him2We had done/made a lot of preparations3I had done/finished my homework4She had been a nurse5She had taught in this school for many years
12、重点语法精析语法专项训练6I had gone with you last Sunday7They had meant to see me off at the station8as if he had been there9We had hardly sat down/Hardly had we sat down10We had no sooner reached home/No sooner had we reached home重点语法精析语法专项训练.翻译句子1我们刚才请人把机器修好了。_2我会叫孩子去寄这封信。_3你最好让马慢慢跑。_4你有什么东西需要我带到城里去吗？_5你最好找人用这块木料做一个盒子。_重点语法精析语法专项训练答案 1.We had the machine mended just now.2I will have my child mail this letter.3Youd better have your horse running slowly.4Have you anything to be taken to the city by me?5Youd better have a new box made of this piece of wood.重点语法精析语法专项训练见Word版活页训练
