1、Unit 12 Culture Shock Period ThreeGrammar 课件（北师大版必修4，广东专用）一、后跟ing形式或不定式的动词1以下动词或动词词组后面只接ing形式作宾语admit，appreciate，avoid，consider(考 虑)，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，finish，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practise，risk，resist，suggest等动词。后跟ing形式或不定式的动词及现在分词be used to，cant help(情不自禁)，cant stand(无法忍受)，give up，
2、feel like，keep on，insist on，look forward to，put off，devote.to，stick to，object to，thank you for，be busy，get down to，have difficulty/trouble(in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time(in)等动词词组。2下列动词常接不定式作宾语afford，agree，decide，determine，expect，hope，manage，refuse，want，believe，wish，offer，pretend，promise，care，ch
3、oose，demand，fail，long，arrange等。3下列动词可用动名词，也可用不定式作宾语，意义区别不大begin，continue，like，love，prefer，start，hate等。二、v.ing形式ving形式包括了传统语法中所说的动名词和现在分词，因此具有名词、形容词或副词的特点，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾补和状语等。在第11单元中我们已讲了动名词。在此我们以现在分词为主，现在分词最常见的是作表语、状语、定语和宾补。1现在分词作宾语补足语(1)现 在 分 词 可 以 在 see，hear，notice，watch，feel，smell，look at，li
4、sten to，observe，find等表示感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语，和宾语一起构成复合宾语。I suddenly felt myself being hit by a heavy fist.我突然感到被重重地打了一拳。(2)现在分词也可用在have，get，leave，keep，set，send等动词后作宾语补足语。Dont have your children working hard at their homework all the time.不要让你的孩子一直不停地做作业。Parents should learn to keep their children most
5、often using their mind.父母应当经常让自己的孩子开动脑筋。2现在分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。What you said is really inspiring.你所说的真令人鼓舞。The speech you delivered is very interesting and encouraging.你的演讲很有趣且很鼓舞人。3现在分词作定语现在分词作定语一般有两种含义，有的可置于名词前，有的需要置于名词后。(1)表示被修饰词的某种用途，此时现在分词形式常置于被修饰词的前面。Yesterday I bought a washing machine and some
6、 sleeping pills.昨天我买了一台洗衣机和一些安眠药。(此句中的washing，sleeping称动名词)(2)表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性的动作或当时的状态。A形容词性的现在分词作定语，此时一般置于被修饰词的前面。He is a promising young man.他是一个有前途的年轻人。Have you got some interesting story books for children?你有一些为儿童读的有趣的故事书吗？B表示进行意义的现在分词作定语，此时一般置于被修饰词的前面。Make less
7、noise.Theres a sleeping child.少弄出点噪音，有个孩子在睡觉。China is a fast developing country.中国是一个快速发展的国家。C短语式现在分词作定语，此时必须置于被修饰词之后，其用法相当于一个定语从句。Those wishing to join the club should sign here.(Those who wish to join the club should sign here.)想加入本俱乐部的人在这里签名。The man standing under the tree almost lost his memory.
8、(The man who was standing under the tree almost lost his memory.)站在树下面的那个人几乎失去了记忆。现在分词可以作状语，修饰谓语动词，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、行为方式、伴随、条件、让步、程度情况等。(1)时间状语现在分词作时间状语时，通常置于句首，也可置于句末。Arriving in Paris，I lost my way.到达巴黎后，我迷了路。Hearing the exciting news，the boy jumped with joy.听着令人激动的消息，那男孩高兴地跳了起来。4现在分词作状语(2)原因状语表示原因的现
9、在分词一般置于句首。Having smoked too much，he has suffered from lung cancer.由于抽烟太多，他患了肺癌。Not knowing her address，I might as well telephone her to let her come over.不知道她的地址，我只好打电话让她过来。(3)结果状语通常用现在分词的一般式表示结果，常常位于句尾。The fire lasted nearly a month，leaving nothing valuable.大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么有用的东西。Football is played
10、 in more than 80 countries，making it a popular sport.80多个国家都踢足球，因此足球成了一种很流行的运动。(4)方式、伴随状语I stood by the door，not daring to say a word.我站在门旁，不敢说一句话。My parents wrote me a letter telling me to change my job.我父母来信让我换一个工作。They came running all the way.他们一路跑着来的。(5)条件状语现在分词作条件状语一般位于句首。Going straight down t
11、he road，you will find the department store.顺着这条路一直走，你就会发现那家百货商店。Working hard at your lessons，you are to succeed.如果你努力学习你的功课，就一定能成功。(6)让步状语Knowing all this，I still wanted to see it for myself.尽管知道了一切情况，我还是想去亲自看一看。Working hard as he used to，he still couldnt succeed.他和过去一样努力地干，但仍未成功。.用所给动词的适当形式填空1Im so
12、rry I forgot _(buy)you stamps.2 Ill never forget_(invite)to her 18th birthday party.3I remember_(tell)her about him that day.4Try to remember _(turn)off the light when you leave the room.5Every half an hour Mr Smith would stop _(have)a smoke.6As soon as Peter saw me,he stopped _(talk)to his friends
13、and came over.7I meant _(go)running this morning,but I overslept.8Im determined to solve the mystery even if it means_(travel)to New York myself.9I dont regret _(tell)her what I thought even if it might have upset her.10I regret_(say)that a number of statements made by the department were incorrect.
14、答案 1.to buy2.being invited3.telling4.to turn5 to have6.talking7.to go8.travelling9.telling10.to say.单项填空1Listen！Do you hear someone _for help?Acalling Bcall Cto call Dcalled解析考查非谓语动词。由listen可知，此处用hear sbdoing sth“听到某人正在做某事”，calling在句中是现在分词作宾补。答案A2Many buildings in the city need repairing，but the one
15、 _ first is the library.Arepaired Bbeing repairedCrepairing Dto be repaired解析考查不定式。不定式的被动式作后置定语表示被动关系及将要发生的动作。答案D3_ well in an interview will be an important part of getting a place at university.ADo BDoing CDone DBeing done解析Doing well in an interview为v.ing短语在句中作主语。答案B4Dina，_for months to find a jo
16、b as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.Astruggling BstruggledChaving struggled Dto struggle解析考查非谓语动词。struggle与Dina为主动关系，可排除B项；由句子结构可知，此处应用现在分词作非限制性定语，补充说明Dina的情况。因为struggle这一动作发生在谓语动词took之前，故用现在分词的完成式。答案C5 _ at my classmates faces，I read the same excitement in their ey
17、es.ALooking BLook CTo look DLooked解析考查非谓语动词。look与句子的主语I是主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。不定式位于句首常作目的状语。答案A6The computer programs are a puzzle to me.The more I think of them，the more questions I think of _.Aask Basked Cbeing asked Dto ask解析 考查非谓语动词的用法。这里是不定式作定语。答案D7He had a wonderful childhood，_with his mother to all
18、corners of the world.Atravel Bto travel Ctraveled Dtraveling解析考查非谓语动词。后半句是对“美好童年”的补充说明，故用现在分词作伴随状语。traveling是一个与句子谓语同时发生的主动动作。答案D8Dont sit there _ nothing.Come and help me with this table.Ado Bto do Cdoing Dand doing解析doing nothing表示的动作是伴随sit同时发生的，因此选C。答案C9You can hardly imagine the difficulty the w
19、oman had _ her children.Abrought up Bto bring upCbringing up Dto have brought up解析你无法想象这位女士抚养孩子有多么艰难。考查have difficulty(in)doing sth做某事有困难故选C。答案C10Even on a cold day he prefers _ out to play football _ at home.Agoing；rather stayBgoing；to stayingCto go；rather than stayingDto do；rather than to stay解析甚至
20、在大冷天他也宁愿外出踢足球而不愿呆在家里。考查prefer doing sth to doing sth“宁愿做而不愿做”。答案B11_ on the top of the hill is an ancient temple dating back to the 17th century.AStanding BStoodCBeing stood DHaving stood解析在山顶有一座追溯到17世纪的古庙。v.ing短语在句中作表语置于句首，句子用倒装语序，其正常语序为：An ancient temple dating back to the 17th century is standing
21、 on the top of the hill.答案A12_ the room，I found my cat lying on the floor，dying.ATo enter BEnter CEntering DEntered解析进屋时，我发现我的小猫躺在地板上快死了。此处用v.ing短语作时间状语，相当于状语从句“When I entered the room”。答案C13Who were those people with the flags?A group _ itself the League of Peace.Acalls Bcalling Ccalled Dbeing call
22、ed解析“那些举着旗帜的人是谁？”“是一群自称为自由党的人。”此处为v.ing短语作定语。答案B14The police finally found the robber_ near a river，_.Alying；dead Blay；diedClaid；death Dlain；dying解析警察最后发现窃贼躺在河边死了。第一空为v.ing形式作宾补，the robber和lie之间为主动关系，第二空为形容词作状语，表结果。答案A15What do you expect your son to succeed in?_the entrance exam.ATo pass BPassing C
23、Get past DPast解析答句补全为I expect my son to succeed in passing the entrance exam.v.ing短 语“passing the entrance exam”作介词in的宾语。答案B20Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock，_supplies to Yushu，Qinghai Province after the earthquake.Asending Bto send Chaving sent Dto have sent解析 很多救援工作者日夜不停地工作，把救援物资运往震后的青海省玉树县。此处为v.ing短语作伴随状语。答案A
Copyright@ 2020-2024 m.ketangku.com网站版权所有