1、Module 6Hot Topics选修阅读教程考点串讲讲练互动如何把握阅读理解中的长难句分析长难句首先需要寻找下面几个点:1.寻找谓语动词找到了谓语动词,就说明有句子存在.首先,如何寻找谓语动词呢?很简单,有时态的动词就一定是谓语.然后,顺着谓语动词往前找,如果有引导词存在,就说明这个谓语动词所在的句子是个从句,再根据引导词前的单词判定这是个什么从句:A如果引导词前是个名词,那就根据情况区别是定语从句还是同位语从句;B如果引导词前是实意动词,那就说明这个从句是宾语从句;C如果引导词前是系动词,那就说明这个从句是表语从句;D如果其前是状语从句的引导词,那就说明这是个状语从句;如果顺着谓语动词往
2、前找,却没有引导词存在,那就说明这是主句的谓语动词,那它的前面就是主语,后面就是宾语或表语.如:This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in,a fact underlined by statistics that shows that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50%took a loss in 1989.该句中的谓语动词已经用黑体标出来.demonstrates前面没有引导词,
3、它就是主句的谓语动词;is前有引导词that,且that前是实意动词,所以这是宾语从句;show前有引导词that,其前是名词fact,且that在从句中显然作主语,所以这里有一个that引导的定语从句;最后一个动词是took,其前也存在着that,且that前是实意动词,所以took所在的句子是宾语从句.综上,本题主句是一个主谓宾结构,并且宾语中又有一个定语从句和宾语从句.2.寻找并列连词常见的并列连词有and,but,yet,or,so,for,not only.but also.看到这些单词,一般就有并列结构存在,并且很可能存在着省略问题.如:They are the possessio
4、ns of the autonomous(selfgoverning)man of traditional theory,and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.如上,并列连词以用黑体标出,显然第一个and前后的两个句子是完全并列的;后面的and前后两句话也应该是并列的,并且其前的谓语动词前有引导词in which,in which前又是个名词,所以这是由and引导的两个定语从句.
5、因为存在并列,所以第二个定从和第一个相比,少了in which a person is.综上,本句话是由第一个and连接的两个并列的句子,并且两个句子都是主系表结构.且and后面的句子中还有一个and引导的两个并列定语从句,共同修饰practices.3.寻找引导词什么是从句?从句就是句子前面有一个引导词.所以找到引导词就找到了从句,再根据引导词前的单词确定其是什么从句(前面已做过讲解此处不再讲述).如:Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which,in its strongest form,states tha
6、t language imprisons the mind,and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce farreaching consequences for the culture of a society.如上,引导词以用黑体标注出来,which前面是名词determinism,并且which在从句中作主语,显然这是个定语从句,修饰其前的名词.第二个引导词that前面是实意动词state,所以这是个宾语从句.最后的引导词that前有并列连词and,显然后两个that从句是完全并列的宾语从句.所以该句是个简单的主谓
7、宾结构,宾语的最后一个单词是名词,存在一个定语从句,定语从句中又有两个并列的宾语从句.4.寻找名词一般的长句子中,名词后只要不是谓语动词,一般都有修饰限定成分,即定语或同位语.也就是说,我们只要能寻找到名词,其后的东西就确定是修饰或解释前面的名词.如:Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can ex
8、pect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.如上,分析各个名词,第一个名词pearson后显然是谓语动词;第二个名词work后面of短语显然是修饰work的;第三个名词后也有修饰成分;calendar后从句也是修饰该名词的;最后,两个并列的名词后仍然是修饰名词的.那如果把所有修饰名词的词划去,句子的主干就显示出来了:Pearson has pieced together the work to produce a calendar.5.寻找动词不定式和分词如上所述,动词只能作谓语,不作谓语的动词要变成不是动词
9、,即分词和不定式;那就意味着分词和不定式虽然表达的意义不同,但是其在句子中所作的成分是完全一样的.也就是说,分词和不定式除了不能作谓语以外,任何成分都可以充当.6.寻找介词有介词一般都会有介词短语,在句子中充当表语、定语、状语等.(2011年高考浙江卷).Recommended ways of creating customer delight include:underpromising and overdelivering(saying that a repair will be carried out within five hours,but getting it done withi
10、n two);例例replacing a faulty product immediately;throwing in a gift voucher(购物礼券)as an unexpected“thank you”to regular customers;and always returning calls,even when they are complaints.Aiming for customer delight is all very well,but if services do not reach the high level promised,disappointment or
11、 worse will be the result.This can be eased by offering an apology and an explanation of why the service did not meet usual standards with empathy(for example,“I know how you must feel”),and possible solutions(replacement,compensation or whatever fairness suggests best meets the case)Airlines face s
12、ome of the toughest challenges over customer care.Fierce competition has convinced them that delighting passengers is an important marketing tool,while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather,unclaimed luggage and technical problems.54.Customer delight is important
13、for airlines because _Atheir telephone style remains unchangedBthey are more likely to meet with complaintsCthe services cost them a lot of moneyDthe policies can be applied to their staff【解析】推理判断题.信息包含在Fierce competition has convinced them that delighting passengers is an important marketing tool,w
14、hile there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather,unclaimed luggage and technical problems.一句中,while在句中是转折连词,在后面分句中anger over是关键,而且原句中的potential和选项中的likely对应.【答案】B跟踪训练Protecting Copyright(版权保护)Having finished her homework,Ma Li wants some music for relaxation.As usual,sh
15、e starts her computer and goes to B to download music files.But this time she is surprised when an announcement about protecting songs copyright bursts onto the screen.The age of free music and movie downloads may have come to an end as Web companies like Baidu are accused of pirating copyright.Laws
16、uits have been filed against four websites offering free downloads.In September 2005,a Beijing court ordered Baidu to pay recording company Shanghai Push compensation for their losses.Baidu was also told to block the links to the pirated music on the website.This caused a heated discussion on Intera
17、ct file sharing.“Baidus defeat in the lawsuit shows it is not right to get copyrighted songs without paying.Downloaders may face lawsuits or fines,”said an official.Like many teens,Huang Ruoru,an 18yearold girl from Puning in Guangdong Province,doesnt think that getting music from websites is wrong.
18、She always shares her favourite songs downloaded from Baidu with her friends.When told about the lawsuit,she began to feel a little guilty about obtaining others work without paying.However,other teenagers have different ideas.Wang Yafei,a Senior 2 girl from Jinan,Shandong Province pointed out that
19、file sharing is a good way to promote pop singers.“If I download a song and really like it,I will buy the CD,”she said.“So what the recording companies really should concentrate on is improving their music,rather than pursuing filesharers.”1.Which of the following best describes the passage?A.Music
20、on the Internet is of better quality.B.Downloading material can be illegal.C.Its good to get free music on the Internet.D.Baidu is a popular web company.解析:选B.主旨大意题.其他选项都太片面,只有B能较好概括文章的内容.2.The four web companies were put to court because _A.they got copyrighted songs without payingB.they downloaded
21、 copyrighted music for peopleC.they make copyrighted files for free downloadsD.they offer free music on line解析:选C.细节理解题.根据第一段的句子Lawsuits have been filed against four websites offering free downloads.可知这四家网络公司被起诉的原因.3.How do some of the teenagers feel while downloading free music after the lawsuit?A.
22、A bit guilty.B.A little sad.C.Extremely angry.D.Awfully sorry.解析:选A.细节理解题.从第三段最后一句可知正确答案.4.Whats the advantage of tile sharing for recording companies?A.Getting more money from web companies.B.Enabling people to download favorite songs.C.Helping to improve the music.D.Making pop singers more popular
23、.解析:选D.细节理解题.从最后一段第二句.pointed out that file sharing is a good way to promote pop singers.可知正确答案.5.It can be inferred from the text that _A.Web companies are still ignoring the copyright lawsB.Teenagers havent got money to buy CDsC.Teenagers are probably still downloading free musicD.Teenagers prefer CDs with copyright to pirated music解析:选C.推理判断题.其他选项与文章内容不符.本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
