1、Unit 4 Making the news reading课时作业.阅读理解A(2019河北承德一中高二检测)Last weekend I was lucky enough to attend one of Spains most famous carnivals in the city of Cadiz. You can only understand why it is one of the most important carnivals in the world after seeing it for yourself. Everybody I saw，of all ages，was
2、 fancilydressed from top to toe，making me feel like I was in a fairytale world with singing and dancing all around the city centre.Almost instantly after stepping off the train in Cadiz，we were filled with joy，as everyone was in high spirits. A number of people parading through the streets playing t
3、raditional music filled people with happiness and craziness like I have never seen before. As we wandered around，we saw that the creativity of some costumes was incredible! From Shrek to Japanese wrestlers，the imagination and effort put into the fancy dresses was remarkable. You could really tell th
4、at people put a lot of time and energy into making some amazing costumes.Thentherewerethegroupsofmostlyoldmenwhowouldbepassionatelysingingsometraditionalsongs.Icouldtelltheyweresingingfromtheirheartwithsuchexcitement.Furthermore，the fact that I was not able to understand the inside jokes did not mat
5、ter，as I was attracted by the actions and expressions they provided. These mini street shows were a true taste of Spanish culture and set me up for a fun night.As the night progressed，the streets got more packed with people. A moment that felt quite dreamlike was when we were dancing outside a conve
6、nience store with music provided by the owners booming through their speakers! Everyone who passed would be jamming along to the music. Afterwards，we went to the main party at El Puerto，which was like a mini festival.After this special weekend of festival，it is true to say that the Spanish know how
7、to party!1Why are Japanese wrestlers mentioned?ATo compare different cultures.BTo prove the costumes were amazing.CTo point out how energetic the people were.DTo show there were people from around the world.答案B解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“As we wandered around，we saw that the creativity of some costumes was incre
8、dible! From Shrek to Japanese wrestlers，the imagination and effort put into the fancy dresses was remarkable.”可知，文章提到了日本的摔跤选手，是为了证明狂欢服装非常令人吃惊，故选B。2Why was the author interested in mini street shows?AThe food provided was quite tasty.BThe inside jokes were pretty funny.CThe performers were young and
9、lovely.DThe performers body language was attractive.答案D解析细节理解题。由第三段中的“Furthermore，the fact that I was not able to understand the inside jokes did not matter，as I was attracted by the actions and expressions they provided. These mini street shows were a true taste of Spanish culture and set me up for
10、 a fun night.”可知，作者对微型街边表演很感兴趣是因为表演者的身体语言非常吸引人，故选D。3What made the author feel unreal?AWatching mini street shows.BDancing outside a convenience store.CAttending the main party at El Puerto.DSeeing crowds of fancilydressed people.答案B解析细节理解题。由第四段中的“A moment that felt quite dreamlike was when we were d
11、ancing outside a convenience store with music provided by the owners booming through their speakers！”可知，在便利店外边跳舞使得作者感觉非常不真实，故选B。4Which can be the best title for the text?ACrazy Time at CarnivalBHow to Be Social at a PartyCCarnivals Around the WorldDWhy Spanish Costumes Are Great答案A解析标题归纳题。本文主要讲了上周末，
12、作者去参加西班牙一个著名的狂欢节，本文讲述了作者在狂欢节上的所见所闻，故选A。B(2019山西怀仁一中高二检测)There was a time when a trip to the supermarket in the United States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier：“Paper or plastic？”Well，which type of bag would you choose?While all types of bags have some influence on the env
13、ironment，it has long been supposed that paper bags are kinder. They are made from a renewable source，break down easily，burn without giving off thick smoke and can be recycled. However，the producing process behind paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones. How can this be true?Studies sho
14、w that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production. And the amount of water used to make the miss twenty times higher. Besides，the influence on forests is very serious. It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags，which happens to be t
15、he number of bags used in the United States yearly. In terms of recycling，the idea that paper bags are more environmentfriendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded. Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does paper.Even though paper bags might be more harm
16、ful than plastic ones，plastic still seems to be considered by governments as the more harmful of the two. In Ireland，for example，a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags. People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag，and as a result，their use has dropped quickly.Theres no
17、doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags. However，we dont seem to be doing that at present. That may be because they fall apart quickly. If so，cloth bags are a better choice，but still，their production also has a bad influence on the environment. So what to do？How should we answer the quest
18、ion of “Paper or plastic？”It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question：“What can I do to help the environment？”语篇解读文章列举了一些数据来说明纸袋和塑料袋哪种更环保。不管怎样，如何保护环境是我们所有人都需要关注的。5The questions in Paragraph 1 are used to_.Aexpress the authors doubtsBtell readers how to save moneyCintroduce
19、 points for discussionDshow the kindness of the cashier答案C解析推理判断题。文章第一段说到“去超市购物，售货员最后问我们用纸袋还是塑料袋”的问题，引出下文关于环保的讨论，可知第一段的问题被用来引出下文要介绍的话题。故选C。6Compared with plastic bags，paper bags_.Aneed more water to produceBrequire less energy to recycleCtake more time to break downDhave less influence on forests答案A
20、解析细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production. And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times higher.”可知，与塑料袋相比，纸袋的生产需要更多的水。故选A。7The underlined word “discarded” in Paragraph 3 probably means“”AsharedBgiven upCdiscussed
21、Dput forward答案B解析词义猜测题。根据第三段最后两句可知，就回收而言，纸袋比塑料袋更环保的想法可以被很快放弃了。研究显示，回收塑料比回收纸节省98%的能源。故选B。8Which question does the author probably hope the cashier will ask?APaper or cloth?BPaper or plastic?CA small bag or big one?DA new bag or your own one?答案D解析推理判断题。根据文章最后的内容“How should we answer the question of Pa
22、per or plastic？It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question：What can I do to help the environment？”我们应该怎样回答“纸袋还是塑料袋”的问题呢？似乎我们首先需要问自己一个更常规的问题“我应该做什么来改善环境呢？”可知，作者希望收银员问的问题是“新袋子还是自己的袋子？”故选D。.七选五(2019河南商丘九校高二检测)Different CulturesThe cultures of the East and the West really dist
23、inguish each other a lot. 9The origin of the Eastern culture is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are developed by riversthe Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India. 10When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture，another famous culture wa
24、s brought upon the Mesopotamian Plainthe Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. 11 Like the Chinese culture，the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America，their culture went with them o
25、ver the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesnt distinguish from the European culture a lot.12 Take the language system for example. In the East，most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race di
26、fference count as well. But whats more，due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the West，the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost nointerference(干扰) from the other.The differences are everywhere. 13 But
27、different cultures make the world of the 21st century more colorful. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle to the civilization of human beings. It ought to be the motivation of our going farther.ALet us work to gether to keep a variety of cultures.BOne important thing is to learn about other c
28、ultures.CAnd these two are wellknown as the base of the European culture.DAt the same time，some other differences add to the cultural differences.EThis is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole.FThey helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles.G
29、They are obvious and affect peoples ways of thinking and their views of the world.答案9.E10.F11.C12.D13.G.完形填空(2019吉林梅河口五中高二检测)On August 26, 2019，New York City was struck by a terrible rainstorm. The rain caused the streets to 14 and the subway system almost came to a stop.Unfortunately，this happened
30、during the morning rush hour. Many people who were going to work were 15 to go home. Some battled to 16 a taxi or to get on a bus. Still others faced the 17 bravely，walking miles to get to work.I 18 to be one of the people on the way to work that morning. I went from subway line to subway line only
31、to find that most 19 had stopped. After making my way 20 crowds of people，I finally found a subway line that was 21. Unfortunately，there were so many people waiting to 22 the subway that I could not even get down the stairs to the 23. So I took the train going in the opposite direction，and then swit
32、ched back to the downtown train. Finally，after what seemed like forever，the train 24 my stop. Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain. When I finally got to my office，I was 25 through，exhausted and 26.My coworkers and I spent most of the day drying off. When it was 5：00pm，I
33、was ready to go home. I was about to turn off my computer 27 I received an email from Garth，my Director：I would like to thank all of you who made the effort and 28 reported to work. It is always reassuring(令人欣慰的)，at times like these，when employees so clearly show their 29 to their jobs. Thank you.Ga
34、rths email was short，but I learned more from that 30 message than I ever did from a textbook. Thee mail taught me that a few words of 31 can make a big difference. The rainstorm and the traffic 32 had made me tired and upset. But Garths words immediately 33 me and put as mile back on my face.语篇解读作者和
35、同事们冒着暴风雨去上班，好不容易才到了办公室。下班时主任的一封暖心邮件使他们的疲惫和抱怨一扫而光。14A.breakBfloodCsinkDcrash答案B解析既然有可怕的暴风雨，所以最有可能的结果就是街道被淹没(flood)了。15A.forcedBrefusedCadjustedDgathered答案A解析因为暴风雨是在早晨人们上班的高峰期开始的，所以本来要去上班的人们被迫(force)回家。refuse拒绝，不准；adjust调节，改变，使适应；gather使聚集。16A.orderBpayCcallDsearch答案C解析一些人挣扎着招呼(call)出租车或者是上公交车。17A.cli
36、mateBsceneryCstormDburden答案C解析这里指的就是上文所说的“rainstorm”。句意为：其他人仍然勇敢地面对暴风雨，步行数英里去上班。18A.usedBpromisedCdeservedDhappened答案D解析happentobe意为“碰巧成为”。由语境可知，这里要表达的意思是“我那天碰巧是(那个时候)去上班的人之一”。故选D。19A.practiceBroutineCprocessDservice答案D解析由语境可知，我想乘地铁去上班，所以就一条线路一条线路地去找，却发现绝大部分地铁已经停止运行了。这里指的是地铁运送乘客的服务，所以要用service。20A.t
37、oBthroughCoverDfor答案B解析through在这里表示动作是在某一物体(人群)的内部空间进行的。21A.operatingBcyclingCturningDrushing答案A解析由上下文可知，这条线路还在运转。operate工作，运作，运转。一般说来，“教师”概念之形成经历了十分漫长的历史。杨士勋（唐初学者，四门博士）春秋谷梁传疏曰：“师者教人以不及，故谓师为师资也”。这儿的“师资”，其实就是先秦而后历代对教师的别称之一。韩非子也有云：“今有不才之子师长教之弗为变”其“师长”当然也指教师。这儿的“师资”和“师长”可称为“教师”概念的雏形，但仍说不上是名副其实的“教师”，因为“
38、教师”必须要有明确的传授知识的对象和本身明确的职责。22A.checkBcarryCfindDboard答案D解析由语境可知，这些人都在等着乘坐地铁，所以选board，意为“上(车、船等)”。23A.streetBgroundCfloorDplatform答案D解析由常识可知，乘坐地铁首先要登上月台。因此这里要表达的意思是“不幸的是，等着乘地铁的人太多了，以至于我都不能走下通向月台的台阶”。platform在这里指的是“(铁路等的)月台”。24A.pausedBcrossedCreachedDparked答案C解析由语境可知，这里要表达的意为“地铁到站了”，reach意为“到达”。park干扰
39、性最大，但该词是及物动词，意为“停放(汽车等)”。25A.wetBweakCsickDhurt答案A解析由于我下车后不得不在越来越大的暴风雨中跋涉了几个街区，终于到了办公室，自然是全身湿透了(wet through)。26A.ashamedBdiscouragedCsurprisedDpuzzled答案B解析由于冒着大雨走了一段路，全身湿透了，所以在这四个词中只有discouraged(气馁的)能和空前的exhausted(疲惫的)共同描述当时的状态。27A.whileBwhenCwhereDafter答案B解析这里是“be about to do.when.”结构，意为“正要做这时”。句意为
40、：下班了，我正要关上电脑，就在这时我收到了我的主任Garth的一封电子邮件。28A.hardlyBcasuallyCabsolutelyDeventually答案D解析这里指的是员工们克服困难，最终来报到上班。eventually最后，终于，侧重于动作或行为的结果。29A.devotionBdonationCconnectionDreaction答案A解析冒着这么大的暴风雨坚持来上班，自然是体现出了对工作的忠诚(devotion)。30A.accurateBurgentCbriefDhumorous答案C解析由邮件的内容以及上文对它的描述“Garths email was short”可以看出
41、此处的信息是简短的(brief)。31A.promiseBappreciationCadviceDguidance答案B解析由邮件的内容可以看出，主任对这些冒雨来上班的员工非常感激(appreciation)。32A.troublesBsignalsCrulesDsigns答案A我国古代的读书人,从上学之日起,就日诵不辍,一般在几年内就能识记几千个汉字,熟记几百篇文章,写出的诗文也是字斟句酌,琅琅上口,成为满腹经纶的文人。为什么在现代化教学的今天,我们念了十几年书的高中毕业生甚至大学生,竟提起作文就头疼,写不出像样的文章呢?吕叔湘先生早在1978年就尖锐地提出:“中小学语文教学效果差,中学语文
42、毕业生语文水平低,十几年上课总时数是9160课时,语文是2749课时,恰好是30%,十年的时间,二千七百多课时,用来学本国语文,却是大多数不过关,岂非咄咄怪事!”寻根究底,其主要原因就是腹中无物。特别是写议论文,初中水平以上的学生都知道议论文的“三要素”是论点、论据、论证,也通晓议论文的基本结构:提出问题分析问题解决问题,但真正动起笔来就犯难了。知道“是这样”,就是讲不出“为什么”。根本原因还是无“米”下“锅”。于是便翻开作文集锦之类的书大段抄起来,抄人家的名言警句,抄人家的事例,不参考作文书就很难写出像样的文章。所以,词汇贫乏、内容空洞、千篇一律便成了中学生作文的通病。要解决这个问题,不能单
43、在布局谋篇等写作技方面下功夫,必须认识到“死记硬背”的重要性,让学生积累足够的“米”。解析由上文的叙述可知，由于暴雨，大部分地铁都已停止了服务，也就是说交通很困难，所以用trouble(麻烦，困难)。观察内容的选择，我本着先静后动，由近及远的原则，有目的、有计划的先安排与幼儿生活接近的，能理解的观察内容。随机观察也是不可少的，是相当有趣的，如蜻蜓、蚯蚓、毛毛虫等，孩子一边观察，一边提问，兴趣很浓。我提供的观察对象，注意形象逼真，色彩鲜明，大小适中，引导幼儿多角度多层面地进行观察，保证每个幼儿看得到，看得清。看得清才能说得正确。在观察过程中指导。我注意帮助幼儿学习正确的观察方法，即按顺序观察和抓
44、住事物的不同特征重点观察，观察与说话相结合，在观察中积累词汇，理解词汇，如一次我抓住时机，引导幼儿观察雷雨，雷雨前天空急剧变化，乌云密布，我问幼儿乌云是什么样子的，有的孩子说：乌云像大海的波浪。有的孩子说“乌云跑得飞快。”我加以肯定说“这是乌云滚滚。”当幼儿看到闪电时，我告诉他“这叫电光闪闪。”接着幼儿听到雷声惊叫起来，我抓住时机说：“这就是雷声隆隆。”一会儿下起了大雨，我问：“雨下得怎样?”幼儿说大极了，我就舀一盆水往下一倒，作比较观察，让幼儿掌握“倾盆大雨”这个词。雨后，我又带幼儿观察晴朗的天空，朗诵自编的一首儿歌：“蓝天高，白云飘，鸟儿飞，树儿摇，太阳公公咪咪笑。”这样抓住特征见景生情，
45、幼儿不仅印象深刻，对雷雨前后气象变化的词语学得快，记得牢，而且会应用。我还在观察的基础上，引导幼儿联想，让他们与以往学的词语、生活经验联系起来，在发展想象力中发展语言。如啄木鸟的嘴是长长的，尖尖的，硬硬的，像医生用的手术刀样，给大树开刀治病。通过联想，幼儿能够生动形象地描述观察对象。33A.correctedBsupported课本、报刊杂志中的成语、名言警句等俯首皆是,但学生写作文运用到文章中的甚少,即使运用也很难做到恰如其分。为什么?还是没有彻底“记死”的缘故。要解决这个问题,方法很简单,每天花3-5分钟左右的时间记一条成语、一则名言警句即可。可以写在后黑板的“积累专栏”上每日一换,可以在每天课前的3分钟让学生轮流讲解,也可让学生个人搜集,每天往笔记本上抄写,教师定期检查等等。这样,一年就可记300多条成语、300多则名言警句,日积月累,终究会成为一笔不小的财富。这些成语典故“贮藏”在学生脑中,自然会出口成章,写作时便会随心所欲地“提取”出来,使文章增色添辉。CamazedDrefreshed答案D解析由下文的“put a smile back on my face”可以看出，尽管暴风雨和交通不便使我疲惫、心烦，但是Garth的话却使我精神振奋。refresh意为“(使)精神振作”，符合语境。
