1、选修8立体设计走进新课堂选修8立体设计走进新课堂话题 1.Inventions(发明)2.Patent applications(专利申请)3.Great inventors(伟大的发明家)功能 Making telephone calls(打电话)语法Revise the Past Participle as the Attributive，Predicative and Object Complement(复习过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语)重点单词distinguish，merciful，product，cube，cubic，seize，innocent，abrupt，abruptly
2、，convenient，freezing，passive，bear，urgent，competence，file，mess，tap，caution，associate，stable，practical选修8立体设计走进新课堂重点短语call up，now and then，dive into，set out to do sth.，get through，set about doing sth.，out of order，ring back，ring off重点句型1.The next morning I got up early before the sun was hot.2Only aft
3、er you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.3The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.选修8立体设计走进新课堂1distinguish vt.&vi.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别归纳拓展(1)distinguish between.and.区分和distinguish.from.区别与；使有别于；使具有区别于的特征distin
4、guish.by.以为特征而辨别出来distinguish oneself(as.)使自己与众不同；使著名选修8立体设计走进新课堂(2)distinguished adj.杰出的，著名的be distinguished for.因而出名distinguishing adj.不同的；特殊的distinguishable adj.可分辨的；能区分的(3)distinguish常用于否定句且与can或could连用，tell也可表“辨认，辨别”，常与can或could连用，主要用于否定句或疑问句中。选修8立体设计走进新课堂We should distinguish between major and
5、 minor work and not put the trivial above the important.我们的工作要分清主次，不能轻重倒置。What was it that distinguished her from her classmates?是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢？Hes distinguished himself as a teacher.作为老师，他早已负有盛名。I cant tell the difference between the usages of“above all”and“first of all”我弄不清“above all”和“first of
6、all”用法的不同。选修8立体设计走进新课堂【链接训练】It is important to _ between the rules of grammar and the conventions of written language.AdetermineBidentifyCexploreDdistinguish【解析】distinguish 意为“区别，区分”，常与 from，between 搭配使用。句意为：将语法规则与书面语常规区分开来是很重要的。【答案】D选修8立体设计走进新课堂2bear vt.(bore，borne)忍受；忍耐；负担；生育归纳拓展(1)在否定句和疑问句中通常与can
7、/could连用，表示“承受”的含义。常见近义词有：endure，tolerate，stand等。cant/couldnt bearn./v.ing/to do(2)bear with sb./sth.忍耐，忍受bear doing/n./to do忍受bear sb./sbs doing忍受某人做某事bear sb./sth.out 证实；为作证bear sth.in mind牢记bear the blame 受责备bear the responsibility 承担责任bear the weight支撑；承受(重量)选修8立体设计走进新课堂归纳拓展(3)bear 的过去分词有两种形式，当表
8、示“出生”和表示“天生的、生来就”时要用born；当表示“忍耐、承担”或“(妇女)生育”时用 borne。born仅用于被动语态。He cant bear being laughed at/to be laughed at.他无法忍受遭人嘲笑。Do parents have to bear the whole cost of tuition fees?父母是否应当负担全部学费？She has borne three children，all of whom were born of deaf.她生了三个孩子，三个都天生耳聋。You must bear it in mind that your
9、parents hope to depend on you to become a good doctor.你要记住你的父母指望你成为一名好医生。选修8立体设计走进新课堂【链接训练】I cant bear _ with his mouth full.Ahis talking Bhim talkCto talk Dhaving talked【解析】cant bear sbs doing sth.意为“不能忍受某人做某事”。句意为：我不能忍受他嘴里塞满东西讲话。【答案】A选修8立体设计走进新课堂I cant bear_，so I hope you can come on time.Ato keep
10、 waiting Bto keep to waitCbeing kept waiting Dbeing kept to wait【解析】考查bear的用法。bear doing sth.“忍受做某事”。根据语境可知此处v.ing形式应用被动语态。故答案为C项。【答案】C选修8立体设计走进新课堂3associate vt.联想，联系 n同伴，伙伴归纳拓展(1)associate.with.把 和 联 系 起 来；由联想到be associated with.和相关associate with sb.和某人交往/合伙/结交/打交道associate oneself with sth.声称或表示自己
11、赞同某事物(2)association n联合；联想；交往；协会；团体in association with.与合伙/合作选修8立体设计走进新课堂Ive never associated you with this place.我从未把你和这个地方联系在一起。I wouldnt want to be associated with Mikes project.我不想和麦克的计划有任何瓜葛。I dont like these people youre associating with.我不喜欢你结交的这些人。The book was published in association with B
12、ritish Heritage.这本书是与英国传统出版社联合出版的。选修8立体设计走进新课堂【链接训练】I always_the smell of baking with my childhood.AcombineBconnectCjoinDassociate【解析】考查动词词义辨析。combine“使结合，使联合”，常与and连用；connect常与with连用，“将和联结起来”；join“加入”；associate常与with连用，意为“由联想到”。句意为：我经常由面包店的味道联想到童年。【答案】D选修8立体设计走进新课堂He wished to forget everything _ w
13、ith his former life and start a new life.Ajoined Bassociated Cburied Dcarried【解析】句意为：他希望忘记和以前生活相关的一切事情，开始新的生活。此处associated with“与有联系的”，为过去分词短语作定语修饰everything。【答案】B选修8立体设计走进新课堂1call up给打电话；使回忆起(某事)注意：call up后的宾语如果是代词，此代词应放在call和up之间；如果是具体的人或物，放在call up中间或之后都可以。call up作“打电话”讲时，可用ring up代替。归纳拓展(1)call
14、at(some place)拜访(某地)call back 回电话，再打电话call on(sb.)拜访、探望(某人)；号召call on sb.to do sth.号召(请)某人做某事call off 取消，停止选修8立体设计走进新课堂call for需求；需要；去接(某人)；邀约；为争取而呼喊call in 叫进来；找来；顺路(到某处)call out大声喊叫；召集(2)“拜访某人”可用如下说法：call on sb.；drop in on/upon sb.；pay a visit to sb.；go on a visit to sb.；visit sb.。You can call me
15、up any time.你随时可以给我打电话。The sound of the piano called up good memories of his youth.钢琴声勾起了他年轻时的美好回忆。Why dont you call on my sister when youre in Brighton?你到了布赖顿何不顺便探望一下我的姐姐？选修8立体设计走进新课堂【链接训练】The picture of the park _ memories of our classs trip last year，when Mr.Smith began to take charge of our clas
16、s.Acame upBremindedCturned upDcalled up【解析】call up在此表示“唤起对的回忆”；remind的用法是remind sb.to do sth.或remind sb.of sth.，所以选择D。【答案】D选修8立体设计走进新课堂What time would you like me to _ this evening for the concert?I think 6：30 will be OK.Apick up you Bcall you forCcall on you Dcall for you【解析】由句意可知，应为“去接某人”之意，故选D。A项
17、应为pick you up;call on 为“号召；拜访”之意。【答案】D选修8立体设计走进新课堂2set about(doing sth.)开始，着手干某事归纳拓展set out出发，启程；企图，打算set out forset off forleave for出发到某地去set out to do sth.开始做某事set off出发，动身；引起；使爆炸set aside留出，拨出；对不予考虑set down停下；让下车；记下，写下；规定set up设置；建立；开办be set in以为背景选修8立体设计走进新课堂She set about answering letters as so
18、on as she arrived at the office.她一到办公室就着手回信。She set about the business of cleaning the house.她动手打扫起房子来。He set out to break the record for the channel swim.他决心打破游过海峡的记录。Setting aside the question of cost，what do you think of the idea in principle?把成本问题置于一旁，你认为这个想法总体上如何？诱导展望set about中about为介词，后接名词、代词或
19、动名词。而set out 表示着手去做，则用set out to do sth.的形式。选修8立体设计走进新课堂【链接训练】Having decided to rent a flat，we _ contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city.Aset about Bset down Cset out Dset up【解析】句意为：在决定租房后，我们立即着手联系城市里所有房屋中介所。set out 意为“着手去做”时后须跟不定式；set down 意为“写下，记下”；set up 意为“建立，设置”，均不合句意。【答案】A选修8立体设计
20、走进新课堂用适当的介词或副词填空She tries to set_some money every month.On receiving the assignment,we set_to work at once.These scientists are trying to set _a longterm study of up to 10,000 elderly persons.【答案】asideoutup选修8立体设计走进新课堂3get through结束(工作)，完成(任务)finish；通过(考试)；(设法)做完，度过，用完；接通电话归纳拓展get across被理解；使人理解get
21、over越过，克服(困难)；从(疾病中)恢复过来get through with结束，完成get on/along with.进展；与相处get down to(doing)sth.开始认真做某事get off下车，脱下，起飞get in收获选修8立体设计走进新课堂We wish to get through the thing quickly.我们希望赶快把这件事做完。They have all got through the examination.他们全部通过了考试。We got through a fortune while we were in New York.我们在纽约时花掉了一
22、大笔钱。选修8立体设计走进新课堂【链接训练】The line must be out of order，for I couldnt _.Aget awayBget inCget acrossDget through【解析】由上文判断，应为“接通”之意。get away 意为“脱身，离开”；get in 意为“火车进站；收割；收集”；get across 意为“传达，把讲清楚”。【答案】D选修8立体设计走进新课堂4ring back 回复电话；ring off 挂断电话(不及物动词短语)Id better ring off now because the baby is crying.我得挂断电
23、话了，宝宝在哭呢。Can you ask him to ring me back when he gets home?他到家后你能让他给我回个电话吗？选修8立体设计走进新课堂归纳拓展与“打电话”有关的短语、句型：give sb.a ring给某人打电话answer the phone接电话hang on 不挂断；紧紧握住；稍等hold on 别挂断；稍等just a moment/hold the line 稍等get through to sb.接通某人You are wanted on the phone.你的电话。The phone is out of order.电话出了故障。Who
24、is that speaking？谁打来的电话？This is sb.speaking.我是选修8立体设计走进新课堂【链接训练】Jack，you _ on the phone._.Aare wanted；ComingBare needed；Im comingCare called；Ill come Dare rung up；Thanks【解析】考查交际用语。“有人打电话找你”应为Youre wanted on the phone；Coming表示“这就来”。【答案】A选修8立体设计走进新课堂Please _ at once if you finish what you must say on
25、the phone.Aring upBcall backCring offDcall up【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为：如果你说完了你要说的话，请马上把电话挂了。ring off“挂断电话”；ring upcall up“打电话”；call back“回电话”。【答案】C选修8立体设计走进新课堂5The next morning I got up early before the sun was hot.第二天早上趁天还不太热，我就早早地起来了。在本句中 before 意为“趁(还没有)”。before作连词表示时间时，根据其在句中的实际情况，译法有多种。归纳拓展before 用法灵活，译
26、法众多，主要如下：(1)表示“在之前”(2)表示“(过了多久之后)才”(3)表示“来不及；尚未就”(4)表示“(不多久)就”(5)表示“以免”(6)(宁愿)也不愿选修8立体设计走进新课堂Mary had finished her homework before her mother returned.玛丽在她妈妈回来之前就已经完成了作业。They walked about 30 miles to the west before they saw a village.他们西行了大约30英里才看见一个村庄。Before I could get in a word，he had measured m
27、e.我还没来得及插话，他就已经给我量好了尺寸。I had hardly sat down before the bell rang.我刚坐下铃就响了。Lock your bike before it gets stolen.锁好你的自行车，以免被偷。Id shoot myself before I apologized to her.我宁死也不向她道歉。选修8立体设计走进新课堂【链接训练】It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment.Awill not be；will know Bis；will knowCwill not be；know
28、 Dis；know【解析】考查It will be一段时间before 所构成的句型的用法。当主句为将来时，before 从句中则要用一般现在时代替将来时。句意为：不久我们就会知道实验的结果。【答案】C选修8立体设计走进新课堂复习过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语过去分词(表示完成和被动的动作)具有形容词、副词的作用，在句中可以用作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独构成谓语。一、过去分词作定语1单个的过去分词作定语时一般放在所修饰词语的前面；有时为了强调，也可将单一的分词置于被修饰名词之后；过去分词短语修饰名词时，通常置于所修饰名词之后。表示主语的状态或已完成的动作。选修8立体设计走进新课
29、堂We need more qualified teachers.我们需要更多合格的教师。This is one of the schools built in the 1980s.这是20世纪80年代建造的学校之一。2如果被修饰的词是不定代词anything，nothing，everything等或指示代词 those 等，即使单一的过去分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词之后。There is almost nothing changed since I left the town two years ago.自从我两年前离开这个城镇以来，这个镇几乎就没有什么变化。选修8立体设计走进新课堂3过
30、去分词作定语与所修饰的名词有被动关系、逻辑上的主谓关系时，表示被动或完成也可以转换成相应的定语从句。The broken window(The window which was broken)will be replaced soon.破损的窗户很快就会被换掉。注意：有一些过去分词由不及物动词变化而来，它们只表示一个动作已经完成，不表被动的意味。例如：the exploded bomb 意为“已爆炸的炸弹”。选修8立体设计走进新课堂二、过去分词作表语1作表语的v.ed形式大多已转化为形容词，用来表示主语所处的状态。常见的这类v.ed形式有：disappointed，astonished，exc
31、ited，interested，satisfied，surprised，frightened，amazed，annoyed，exhausted，pleased，puzzled，shocked，worried，terrified 等。He looked disappointed.他看起来很失望。2除了以上表示主语情感的形容词化的过去分词作表语外，另外有一些常见的表状态的过去分词也可作表语。Jim was lost in thought.吉姆陷入了沉思。选修8立体设计走进新课堂三、过去分词作宾语补足语作宾语补足语的过去分词一般是及物动词，和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。可以跟过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有
32、：1see，hear，watch，feel，think，find 等表示感觉和心理状态的动词。We found her greatly changed.我们发现她变了很多。2make，get，have，help，leave 等表示“致使”意义的动词。What made them so frightened?什么使他们这样害怕？选修8立体设计走进新课堂3like，want，wish，order 等表示“希望，要求”等意义的动词。He wont like such a question discussed at the meeting.他不想在会上讨论这样的问题。诱导展望have sth.done
33、这种结构有三种不同的含义：(1)表示“请/让/叫别人(为自己做某事)”的意思。这里的“别人”虽然没有在have sth.done结构中明显地说出，但确含有此意，与get相同。I must have my tooth pulled.(I must let the dentist pull my tooth.)我得把这颗牙拔了。选修8立体设计走进新课堂Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had repaired went wrong again.布朗夫人很失望地看到她找人修理的洗衣机又坏了。(2)表示“遭遇某
34、种(不幸的)事情”，说明宾语的一种无意识的受动行为，不说明“谁使(宾语)遭遇某事”。have作“受到，遭到”解。意义上不等于get。I had my purse stolen on the bus yesterday.(My purse was stolen on the bus yesterday.)昨天在公共汽车上，我的钱包被偷了。选修8立体设计走进新课堂诱导展望(3)表示“完成某事”的意思，这些事可以是别人完成的，也可以是自己参与完成的。He told me he had his house repaired.(He told me his house was repaired.)他告诉
35、我，他的房子修好了。(他也许参与了)I must have my homework finished before I go out to play.出去玩之前我必须先把作业做完。选修8立体设计走进新课堂【链接训练】Mary felt herself _ to take action.Aforced Bbeing forcedCforcing Dforce【解析】force与herself之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。【答案】A选修8立体设计走进新课堂On those questions _ at yesterdays meeting，all the teachers made
36、their views _ clearly.Adiscussing；know Bdiscussed；knowCdiscussing；knowing Ddiscussed；known【解析】考查过去分词作定语和宾语补足语。第一个空为过去分词作定语，表示被动和完成意义。第二个空为过去分词作宾语补足语，makesth./sb.过去分词，表示“使某人/某事被”，make their views known clearly 意为“使他们的观点被别人清晰地了解”。【答案】D选修8立体设计走进新课堂The lost car of the Lees was found _ in the woods off t
37、he highway.AabolishedBabandonedCdesertedDrejected【解析】考查词义辨析。此处是非谓语动词作宾语补足 语，由 句 意 可 知 此 处 要 表 达“被 遗 弃”之 意，故 用abandoned。【答案】B选修8立体设计走进新课堂The cigarette end _ by a careless woodcutter _ the big forest fire.Abeing thrown away；resulted fromBthrown away；resulted inCthrown away；brought offDhaving been thrown；brought up【解析】空一考查过去分词短语作定语，the cigarette与throw away之间是被动关系；空二考查短语result in“导致(某种结果)”。句意为：那个大意的砍伐工扔掉的烟头导致了一场森林大火。result form“起因于”(后跟原因)；bring up“抚养，养育”；bring off“完成，做完(艰难的工作)”。【答案】B选修8立体设计走进新课堂
