1、Section_Warming_Up_&_Reading_Language_Points一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.aspect n方面；层面2.guide n. 指导；向导；导游vt. 指引；指导3.tolerate vt. 容忍；忍受4.lack vt.&vi. 缺乏；没有n. 缺乏；短缺的东西5.carriage n. 运输工具；四轮马车；客车6.press vi.&vt. 按；压；逼迫n. 按；压；印刷；新闻7.fasten vt. 系牢；扎牢8.flash vt.&vi. (使)闪光；(使)闪现9.switch n. 开关；转换vt. 转换10.timetab
2、le n. 时间表；时刻表.拓展词汇1.constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的constantly adv.不断地2.previous adj.在前的；早先的previously adv.以前；早先3.uncertain adj.不确切的；无把握的certain (反义词)确定的；有把握的4.steward n乘务员；服务员stewardess n女乘务员5.surrounding adj.周围的surroundings n周围的事物；环境surround vt.包围；围绕6.adjustment n调整；调节adjust vt.调整；调节7.optimistic adj.乐观(主义
3、)的optimism n乐观；乐观主义1.lack vi.&vt.缺乏；没有 n缺乏；短缺的东西同义be short of缺少反义be rich in在方面富有/丰富2.press vi.&vt.按；压；逼迫 n按；压；印刷；新闻联想press家族pressure n压力impress v. 给留下深刻印象impression n. 印象impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的express v. 表达expression n. 表达；表情3.fasten vt.系牢；扎牢规律形容词后缀en动词联想后缀en动词一览deepen加深 widen加宽strengthen加强 sharpen使
4、锋利4.timetable n时间表；时刻表规律名词名词合成名词联想常见合成名词集锦seafood海产品 viewpoint观点waterfall瀑布 bookstore书店 bookmark书签 hometown家乡5.steward n乘务员；服务员stewardess n女乘务员联想“男女”有别waiter 男招待waitress 女招待actor 男演员actress 女演员host男主人hostess女主人二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.take_up拿起；接受；开始；继续2as_a_result 结果；因此3suffer_from 患有(疾病等)；为受苦4be_simil
5、ar_to 与相似5(a)_lack_of_. 方面的短缺6in_no_time 立刻7be_back_on_ones_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原8lose_sight_of_. 看不见9in_all_directions 朝四面八方10sweep_up 打扫；横扫11provided_._with_. 为提供12slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进1.remind . constantly that .不断提醒2be nervous and uncertain 感到紧张和心神不定3transport . safely into . 安全地把送入4the space ste
6、wardess 空姐5feel sleepy 昏昏欲睡6make the necessary adjustment to this new situation 对这种新情况做必要的调整7fasten ones safety belt 系好某人的安全带8from under the floor 从地板下面9fall fast asleep 很快睡着10finance and currency 金融与货币三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。在“主语bea
7、dj.to do”结构中，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。Such a book as you showed me is_difficult_to_understand. 你给我看的这类书是很难理解的。2.The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合气体中剩下的氧气很少。as though/if意为“好像”，在句子中引导方式状语从句。Everything in my childhood crowded my mind as_though/if_they_h
8、ad_just_happened.童年的一切一下子涌入我的脑海，仿佛刚刚发生似的。3.Just relax, since there is nothing planned on the timetable today.你可以好好休息一下，因为按时间表我们今天没有任何出行计划。本句结构为“There be 名词/代词非谓语动词”。Im very glad that there_are_so_many_American_students_loving Chinese.(2015天津高考书面表达)我很高兴有这么多美国学生喜欢汉语。1(教材 P17)FIRST IMPRESSIONS第一印象impre
9、ssion n印象the first impression第一印象leave/make a(n) . impression on sb.给某人留下印象My first impression of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.我对他的第一印象是他是一个善良且体贴的年轻人。Premier Li Keqiang made a good impression on the people all over the world.李克强总理给全世界人民留下了良好的印象。impress vt.给留下深刻印象；使铭记impress sb
10、. with sth. 某事(物)给某人留下深刻印象be impressed with/by 对印象深刻；被所打动impress sth. on/upon sb.使某人铭记某事(物)；使某人对某事(物)印象深刻Williams was_impressed (impress)with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. (2017浙江高考)威廉姆斯对本杰明印象深刻，给他两本经典的绘画图书，让他带回家。Father impressed the importance of working hard on/
11、upon me.父亲使我铭记努力工作的重要性。2(教材P17)I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.我还是无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。take up拿起；接受；开始；继续；占据写出下列句中take up的含义The girl took up her bag and left the room.拿起She took up his offer of a drink.接受At the age of sixty he took up the study of Russian.开始J
12、oan took up the story when her sister forgot the next detail.继续That big clock will have to go; it takes up too much space in the small hall.占据take off脱掉；起飞；成名；开始成功take in 接受；收留；理解；明白；欺骗take on 雇用；呈现(新面貌等)；承担take over 接管；接收Some insects take on the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.有些
13、昆虫为了自我保护会随着周围环境改变自身颜色。Internet shopping will ready take off when people make sure that it is safe.当人们确信了网购的安全性时，它就已经成功了。3(教材P17)This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period.这就与你乘坐飞机会产生“时差反应”相似，所不同的是，在你的脑子里似乎会不断地闪现以前的时光。
14、previous adj.(仅用于名词前)在前的；早先的previous to在之前(其中to 是介词)previously adv. 先前地；早先This is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored. (2017天津高考)这是正确的版本，以前的版本应该忽视掉。Previous to leaving (leave) for France, he studied a lot about the country.他在启程前往法国之前，对这个国家做了很多研究。The building had previously
15、 (previous) been used as a hotel.这座楼房早先曾用作旅馆。4(教材P18)At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。surroundings n周围的事物；环境(1)surrounding adj.附近的；周围的(2)surround vt. 环绕；围住；包围be surrounded by/with . 由围着/包围Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an esse
16、ntial skill for our survival. (2017江苏高考)在涉及有关我们周围的环境时，如何定位我们所处的位置依然是我们生存的一项基本技能。Police are still searching the town and surrounding (surround) areas for the child.警方仍在小镇及周边地区搜寻那个小孩。 When Aunt Ruth was at home, I was_surrounded (surround) by love.露丝姑姑在家时，对我爱护有加。 tolerate vt.容忍；忍受Tolerate doing sth. 容
17、忍做某事I can tolerate the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean. 我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏乱不堪。Our teacher cannot tolerate cheating (cheat) on exams.我们的老师不能容忍考试作弊。 名师点津表示“容忍；忍受”的动词(短语)还有：bear, stand和put up with等。5(教材P18)Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。lack vi.&vt.缺乏；没有
18、n缺乏；短缺的东西(1)(a) lack of .缺少for lack of . 由于缺乏(2)lacking adj. 缺乏；缺少be lacking in sth. 缺少某物Jims real problem is that he lacks confidence.吉姆的真正问题是他缺乏自信。Its not that exercise makes you healthy; its more that a_lack_of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.并不是锻炼使你健康，更应该是缺乏锻炼让你身体虚弱
19、，容易遭受疾病的侵袭。More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities for_lack_of space.因为缺乏空间，大城市建起越来越多的高楼大厦。Though Jack was lacking_in experience, he made up for it in enthusiasm.虽然杰克缺乏经验，但是他以满腔的热情来弥补不足。6(教材P18)These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat
20、, you can move swiftly.这些气垫车是在地面上方飘浮着的，只要在座位上把操纵杆打弯或压下，你就可以迅速地移动。press vi.&vt.按；压；逼迫 n按；压；印刷；新闻；新闻界(常与定冠词the连用)写出下列句中press的词性及含义The doctor gently pressed his stomach.v.按They are pressing us to make a quick decision.v.逼迫Members of the press were not allowed into the meeting.n.新闻界7(教材P18)However, I lo
21、st sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于有太多气垫车在身边朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。lose sight of .看不见I lost sight of him but could still hear his footsteps.我看不见他了，但还能够听到他的脚步声。catch sight of看到at the sight o
22、f 看见时at first sight 初次看到时；乍一看in/within sight 在视野内；看得见out of sight 在看不见的地方；消失come into sight 进入视野；映入眼帘The wind parted the smoke just enough for him to catch_sight_of Sibson.风吹散了烟使得他正好能够看见Sibson。Now and then, one or two motorcycles will come_into_sight and your ears are filled with their noises. 你会时不时
23、地看到一两辆摩托车，耳旁充斥着它们的噪音。 8(教材P18)Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic.然后王平使电脑荧屏上的开关闪了一下，于是一张桌子和几把椅子就像变魔术般地从地板下面升了上来。switch n开关；转换 vt.转换(1)make a switch改变(2)switch off 切断(电流等)switch on 接通(电流等)；开(电器)switch (sth.) to sth
24、. (把)转换到We had to make a switch in our arrangement.我们不得不改变我们的安排。I dont like this TV programme. Lets switch to another.我不喜欢这个电视节目。让我们换个频道吧。He switched off the light as there was no one in the room.他把灯关了，因为房间里没有人。1At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。该句型是“主语beadj.不定
25、式”结构，其中my new surroundings是 tolerate的逻辑宾语，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：(1)常用形容词有：difficult, hard, easy, good, comfortable, pleasant, interesting, exciting等。(2)不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternativ
26、e explanations are hard to find.(2017江苏高考)恐龙的消失不一定是由天文学事件导致的。但是其他的解释也很难找到。I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good to_breathe (breathe)在夏季我喜欢很早起床。早上的新鲜空气呼吸起来真好。The armchair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit in.这扶手椅看上去很硬，但坐上去很舒服。2The air seemed thi
27、n, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合气体中剩下的氧气很少。as though 意为“好像”，在句中引导方式状语从句。as though/if的用法如下：类型表语从句接在look, seem等动词之后状语从句接在常见的实义动词之后从句语气及时态陈述语气所述是真实的或极有可能发生 虚拟语气所述不真实或极少有可能发生 与现在事实相反过去时(be动词常用were) 与过去事实相反过去完成时(had done) 与将来事实相反过去将来时(would/could/might do) It loo
28、ks as though/if it isnt clean enough to swim here.看起来这儿的水好像不够干净，不宜游泳。First he picks out the laces and eats them as though/if they were (be) noodles.他先拿起鞋带来吃，好像在吃面条。I suggest that you should stay here as though/if nothing had_happened (happen)我建议你应该待在这儿，好像什么事也没有发生过。.单句语法填空1His fluent English and prof
29、ound knowledge make a deep impression on others.2The accident caused 3 deaths and 20 got injured, which happened previous to his arrival there.3After the explosion, the army blocked the surrounding (surround) area and forbad anyone entering it.4If a student lacks (lack) the motivation to study, he o
30、r she will quickly become tired of studying.5Those air conditioners are our bestselling products because they are easy to_handle (handle) and work with little noise.6I cant tolerate speaking (speak) to your mother in such a rude manner.7School has started, but I feel more and more uneasy as if I wer
31、e (be) in a foreign country now.8We feel quite unfit because the bank is_pressing (press) us for repayment of the loan.选词填空as if， previous to， sweep . up， take up， switch off， be surrounded by， impress . with， at first sight1He impressed her with his sincerity, which moved her deeply.2(2015陕西高考单选)Pe
32、ter will take_up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.3The house was_surrounded_by big trees, which sheltered it from severe sunshine.4We fell in love with the smartphone at_first_sight,_but much to our regret, it was too dear.5Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teache
33、r smiled at him as_if he had done something very clever.6Previous_to coming here, he worked in America.7I switched_off all the lights before I went out.8Before moving into his new apartment, Jone swept it up thoroughly.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1For some reason she got the impression (印象) that you didnt li
34、ke her.2I have previous (早先的) experience of this type of work.3The surrounding (周围的) scenery attracted my attention.4If you tolerate (容忍) a person, you accept him although you do not particularly like him.5They carried on with their experiment in spite of the lack (缺乏) of equipment.6. (2017全国卷)Moran
35、 says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect (方面) of the music has been lost.7They were both uncertain (无把握的) about what to do and went to their uncle for help.8He fastened (系紧) his coat and hurried out to the cinema.9I have made a few adjustments (调整) to my study plan.
36、10More young people are making the switch (转换) to job seeking online.单句改错1Deeply impressed on its beauty, I fell in love with Guilin.onby/with2Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken up by ill people.upin3It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surrounding.surroundingsur
37、roundings4Previous to go abroad, he studied in Paris. gogoing5None of his plans ever comes through because he lacks in determination.去掉in6The school cannot tolerate talk loudly in class.talktalking7Although the lady looks elegant, actually she is hard to get along.along后加with8He treats his elder sis
38、ter as though she is a stranger.iswere.补全句子1To my delight, my previous experience has_made/left_a_good_impression_on the interviewer.令我高兴的是，我以前的经验给面试官留下了一个好印象。2On the contrary, smartphones not only take_up_our_valuable_time,_but also do great harm to our health.相反，智能手机不仅占据了我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的健康造成危害。3Ther
39、e_has_been_no_time_left for us to think it over. 我们已经没有时间来仔细考虑了。4For_lack_of_human_protection,_the number of Yangtze Finless Porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller.由于缺乏人类保护，长江江豚的数量变得越来越少。5Only a shortsighted man will lose_sight_of the importance of education.只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。6In some experts op
40、inion, living conditions on the Mars are_very_hard/difficult_to_tolerate.一些专家的观点是火星上面的生存状况很难忍受。7A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as_if_they_had_been_the_only_people_in_the_world.船上的一对年轻人吃着东西，高声地谈笑着，好像这个世界上只有他们自己。8(2015湖南高考书面表达)After learning what_situation_I_was_in,_
41、my teacher, Michael encouraged me to step out of trouble bravely and confidently.得知我所处的境况后，我的老师迈克尔鼓励我勇敢地、充满自信地走出困境。.课文语法填空Li Qiang couldnt believe that he had traveled to the year AD 3008 1.in a time capsule. 2.Because this was his first time trip, he was worried and 3.unsettled (settle) and he also
42、 suffered from “time lag”Besides, he 4.was_hit (hit) by the lack of fresh air. His guide, Wang Ping, who was very 5.understanding (understand), gave him some green tablets and a mask, 6.which helped him overcome the problems. However, Li Qiang experienced something new. He flew 7.above the ground in
43、 a hovering carriage. 8.Arriving (arrive) home, he was shown into a large, bright clean room with a wall of trees. After eating something, he fell 9.fast asleep in the bed that 10.was_produced (produce) from the floor.串点成篇微表达王先生是一位有经验的工人，他工作努力。他经常(constantly)帮助和指导(guide)我们操作新设备。他给我们留下了很好的印象(impressi
44、on)。令我们遗憾的是，他上个月生病了，住院期间他忍受(tolerate)了巨大的痛苦。幸运的是，他现在完全康复(be back on ones feet)了。他希望继续(take up)以前的(previous)工作。我们很高兴他是一个乐观的(optimistic)人。Mr._Wang_is_an_experienced_worker_and_works_hard._He_constantly_helps_and_guides_us_in_operating_new_equipment._He_left_a_good_impression_on_us._To_our_regret,_he_f
45、ell_ill_last_month._He_tolerated_great_sufferings_when_in_hospital._Fortunately,_he_is_back_on_his_feet_again_now._He_hopes_to_take_up_his_previous_work._We_are_happy_because_he_is_an_optimistic_man.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.完形填空Recently we carried out a survey of 1,000 people from different countries to find
46、 out what they think _1_ will be like in the future. The results clearly show both our _2_ and fears.The survey suggests that _3_ one of the most important human relationships will change greatly. People will make friends through the Internet. Computers will become really _4_ by 2050. Even now, some
47、 people describe them as their best friends! Others, _5_， say that we will become much more isolated (孤立的) from each other _6_ we will have little real human communication.Education will _7_ a lot too. As more and more children will be using computers in schools, certain _8_， such as mental arithmet
48、ic (心算), wont be necessary. Even writing by hand will have become a thing of the _9_.According to the survey, home life will be _10_. Most people believe that by 2050 robots will be doing the housework and we will be eating _11_ food. A lot of people think that we might only cook for fun in the futu
49、re. Space exploration will become increasingly _12_. Fifty percent of the people we talked to _13_ that man will regularly visit Mars.Pollution is something that seems to _14_ many people. Some fear that it will _15_ to get worse, and that our planet will become _16_ to live on. Others even _17_ tha
50、t one day well have to pay for clean air._18_， people seem to be quite optimistic about genetic engineering (遗传工程学), as they think scientists will use it to _19_ diseases like cancer and AIDS.No matter how dark or bright it may seem, it is up to us to _20_ our planet and try to make it a better plac
51、e.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章是人们对未来生活看法的问卷调查结果。1A.educationBspaceCnature Dlife解析：选D根据下文描述的交友、教育、太空探索以及污染问题等可知，此问卷调查是关于未来“生活(life)”的。2A.tears BhopesCrights Dplans解析：选B根据本空后的fears以及下文描述的未来生活的不同方面可知，问卷结果显示了人们对未来生活的“期许(hopes)”和担忧。3A.marriage BleadershipCfriendship Dneighborhood解析：选C根据下文的“one of the most important
52、human relationships”和“People will make friends through the Internet.”可知，此处是说未来的“友谊(friendship)”会发生巨大的改变。4A.private BperfectCnecessary Dexpensive解析：选C根据本段描述电脑对人们的影响可知，到2050年，电脑将变得“必不可少(necessary)”。5A.however BinsteadCanyhow Dtherefore解析：选A“一些人认为电脑是最好的朋友”和“有些人认为人与人之间将变得更加孤立”之间是转折关系，故选however。6A.until
53、BunlessCbecause Dalthough解析：选C“缺少真实的人际交流”是“人们变得更加孤立”的原因，故选because。7A.provide BcompleteCreceive Dchange解析：选D根据下文描述心算变得没有必要可知，未来的教育也会“改变(change)”很多。8A.facts BabilitiesCgoals Dthoughts解析：选B参见下题解析。9A.end BpastCmoment Dfuture解析：选B由于电脑的普及，某些“技能(abilities)”，如心算，将没有必要。甚至用手写字也会变得过时。a thing of the past指“过时的事物
54、”。10A.busier BsaferCeasier Dsadder解析：选C根据下文的“robots will be doing the housework”可知，未来家庭生活将变得“更简单(easier)”。11A.unhealthy BfrozenCovercooked Dreadymade解析：选D根据下文的“we might only cook for fun in the future”可知，到2050年人们基本不做饭，而是吃“已经做好的(readymade)”饭。12A.famous BcheapCpopular Ddifficult解析：选C根据下文的“man will reg
55、ularly visit Mars”可知，未来的太空探索将非常“流行(popular)”。13A.doubt BbelieveCremember Dwarn解析：选B根据上文的“Most people believe”可知，50%的受访者“相信(believe)”人类会定期拜访火星。14A.confuse BfrightenCsatisfy Dworry解析：选D根据下文的“Some fear that .”可知，环境污染让很多人“担心(worry)”。15A.stop BcontinueCrefuse Dbegin解析：选B本段指污染带给人们的影响。有些人担心如果环境“继续(continue
56、)”变糟糕，在地球上居住将变得“不可能(impossible)”。16A.cold BfreeCsuitable Dimpossible解析：选D参见上题解析。17A.expect BpromiseCpredict Dwish解析：选C环境污染使得有些人“预测(predict)”有一天呼吸干净的空气也需要付费。18A.As a result BIn other wordsCIn a similar way DOn the other hand解析：选D对未来生活，人们一方面担心环境污染，而“另一方面(On the other hand)”则对遗传工程学充满期待。19A.catch Bpreve
57、ntCspread Dcarry解析：选B根据上文的“be quite optimistic”可知，有一些人相信科学家可以利用遗传工程学“防治(prevent)”诸如癌症和艾滋这样的疾病。 20A.look after Btake overCpay for Dthink about解析：选A根据上述调查结果以及作者的结论“try to make it a better place”可知，作者认为我们应该“照顾(look after)”好地球。.短文改错Dear Jack，Im glad that youll come to China for further study. Now let me
58、 tell you that youre concerned about. As we all know, Peking University is one of the top university in China, which is famous for their excellent teaching. Studying here, youre sure to get been improved in every aspect. This will be the first time you had lived in a foreign country alone. However,
59、you neednt worry the life here, because its locating in the business center of Beijing. Besides, most people there are friendly to foreigners. Id like to help you find the proper host family near the university if necessarily.Im looking forward to our meeting in Beijing.Yours，Li Hua答案：第二句：thatwhat第三句：universityuniversities; theirits第四句：去掉been第五句：hadhave第六句：worry后加about; locatinglocated第七句：therehere第八句：第一个thea; necessarilynecessary
