1、成才之路 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 选修8Inventors and inventionsUnit 3Section Using LanguageUnit 3课堂要点探究 2课堂达标验收 3课前新知预习 1课 时 作 业 4课前新知预习 词汇过关1freeze(vt/vi)(使)结冰，冰结；冷藏；呆住_(adj)冰冻的；严寒的；极冷的/(n)冰点；凝固点_(adj)冷冻的；冷藏的；冻僵的；惊呆的2_(v&n)轻敲，轻打，轻拍；轻轻地敲击(声)，(水)龙头3tri(前缀)angle(n)角，角度_(n)三角形；三角形物体freezingfrozentaptriangle4_(ad
2、j)稳固的；稳定的；安定的_(adv)稳固地；稳定地；安定地_(n)稳定(性)；稳固(性)5_(adj)清白的；无罪的；天真的_(n)清白；无辜；无罪；天真6green(adj)绿色的grocer(n)食品杂货商_(n)蔬菜水果商，(pl)蔬菜水果店7_(vt)联想；联系；交往/(n)同伴；伙伴_(n)联想；联系；交往；协会；社团stablestablystabilityinnocentinnocencegreengrocerassociateassociation8extend(v)延长，延伸，扩展_(n)电话分机；扩大；延伸9_(n)能力；胜利；本领_(adj)能胜任的；有能力的；称职的1
3、0_(adj)实际的，实践的，实用的_(v)练习，训练_(n)练习extensioncompetencecompetentpracticalpractisepractice短语自查1set out(to do)_2ring back_3ring off_4be associated with_5迅速把手伸入；一心投入 _6不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住 _7次序颠倒；发生故障 _8设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过_开始(做)回复电话挂断电话和有联系dive intohang onout of orderget through 经典句式1_ you do you will be certa
4、in to find somethingthat you have never seen before每次你这样做时，你会发现你以前没发现的东西。2_，it has proved invaluable in the design ofbridges这种四面体非常稳固，被证明是桥梁设计中的无价之宝。答案：1Every time 2Being very stable语篇理解Read the passage and tell if the following statements are true(T)or false(F)1Alexander Graham Bell was born in 184
5、7 in Boston，USA()2Bells mother was completely deaf，but with the help ofBell，she could hear what Bell said()3It was Bells interest and curiosity that led to the inventionof the telephone()4In order to improve his invention，Bell made Morsecode()5Bell invented the telephone by chance because he hadmena
6、t to improve the telegraph()6Right after he invented the telephone，he successfully senta message to his assistant Watson()7 Heinventedthehelicopterandotherflyingmachines()8Bell is respected for he devoted all himself to improvingeverybodys life()答案：1F 2F 3T 4F 5T 6F 7F 8T课堂要点探究1currentn(水或气)流；电流He s
7、wam to the shore against a strongcurrent他逆着急流游向岸边。n趋向；思潮；潮流Ministers are worried about this current of antigovernmentfeeling部长们对这股反政府情绪感到担忧。adj(通常作定语)现在的；当前的；通用的；流通的In its current state，the car is worth 1,000按目前的状况，这辆小汽车值1000英镑。知识拓展(1)the current year 今年a strong current 急流air/electrical current 气流/电
8、流(2)current fashions/events/prices 时装/时事/现价They are expecting profits of over$3 million in the currentyear他们期盼着今年有三百多万的利润。She likes current fashions very much她很喜欢时装。活学活用(1)汉译英暴风雨掀起了巨浪。_答案：The storm whipped up huge waves(2)用恰当词语填空The_(水流)is strongest in the middle of the river答案：current导学号 356901862s
9、table adj稳定的；稳固的；安定的The ladder doesnt seem very stable这个梯子好像不太稳。He was clearly not a very stable person很明显，他不是一个很沉稳的人。This is a politically stable country这是一个政治上稳定的国家。知识拓展stability n稳定(性)stabilize v稳定；稳固stably adv稳定地；沉稳地比较网站stable，firm与steady这些形容词都有“稳固的”之意。(1)stable多指根基牢固，平衡良好，也指性格或位置等的稳定，不可移动或改变。A
10、stable government is essential to economic growth稳定的政府对经济增长是重要的。(2)firm指牢固不可动摇或意志、信仰的坚定。I dont think the chair is firm enough to stand on我觉得这椅子不够稳固，不能站人。(3)steady指保持平衡不动摇。用于有形物时，指没有根基的稳固，也指动中的稳。The price of fruits remains steady水果的价格保持稳定。活学活用用恰当词语填空Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without
11、 bigchanges in temperature，thus creating a _ environment答案：stable 句意：水能吸收和散发大量的热而不会引起太大的温度变化，这样营造了一种稳定的环境。由句意知填stable“稳定的”。导学号 356901871hang on不挂断；紧紧握住；稍等The line was engaged and the operator asked if Id like tohang on电话占线了，话务员问我是否愿意等一下(别挂断电话)。Its hard work but if you hang on youll succeed in the en
12、d这是件困难的工作，但如果你坚持不懈，最后是能成功的。知识拓展hang on作“别挂断，坚持”讲时等于hold on。hang back畏缩不前；退缩hang up挂起；挂断电话hang about拖延；闲逛hang out常去某处；泡在某处get the hang of了解；熟悉Dont hang back in the face of difficulties不要因为困难而却步。You hang out with that car more than you hang out with yourown son你在那辆车上花的时间，比你用在儿子身上的时间还要多。活学活用(1)用hang的正确
13、形式或相关的词组填空She _ the phone angrily before I could speak_ a minute，Im just comingI dont like to see all these youths _ street corners_ the rope；dont let it go答案：hung up Hang on hanging aboutHang on to导学号 35690188(2)补全句子It is difficult for a foreigner to _ _ _(掌握)English idioms答案：get the hang of 句意：对一个
14、外国人来说，掌握英语习语很难。get the hang of“了解，熟悉，掌握”，符合句意。2out of order(机器或设备等)发生故障，失灵My watch was out of order我的手表出故障了。次序颠倒(紊乱)；排列错误I checked the files and some of the papers were out of order我检查过案卷，其中有些未按顺序编排。知识拓展(1)out of order的反义词组：in order整齐，状况良好，适宜，按顺序(2)类似的短语有：out of breath上气不接下气out of control失去控制out of
15、danger脱离危险out of date过时的，过期的out of place不合适的(不相称的，不适合的)out of question毫无疑问，一定，当然out of reach够不着out of sight看不见，在视野之外out of touch失去联系out of work失业Ill see that everything is in good order when the guestsarrive客人来时我会把一切都料理得井井有条的。His idea is really out of date他的想法太过时了。Im out of touch with most of the fr
16、iends of my school days我和大部分学生时代的朋友们都失去联系了。活学活用完成句子(1)狂风暴雨使交通运输秩序太乱。The violent storm made the transportation system _ _(2)经过抢救，病人终于脱险。The patient was finally _ _ _ afterthe emergency treatment导学号 35690189(3)那男孩爬上树，但仍够不到树上的苹果。The boy climbed the tree，but the apples were still _ _ _答案：(1)out of order
17、(2)out of danger(3)out of his reach3get through设法联系上(尤指打电话)；(设法)做完；通过(考试)；成功I tried several times，but couldnt get through我打了好几次电话，但都没打通。We were very glad when we heard that you had got throughyour exam听说你考试及格了，我们都很高兴。The government managed to get the new law through政府终于通过了新的法案。These children got thr
18、ough with their homework at school这些孩子在学校就把家庭作业完成了。知识拓展get across被理解，被传达；把讲清楚get away with干了(坏事)而不受处罚get down to开始认真做(to为介词)get over克服get rid of摆脱；除去Did your speech get across to the audience？你的演说听众都懂了吗？It is time that they got down to doing their work是他们该开始认真干活的时候了。Lets get rid of this old furnitur
19、e咱们把这件旧家具扔掉吧。活学活用(1)用适当的介副词填空Once you want to do something，you must get down_ doing it wellYour meaning didnt really get _He decided to get rid _ his bad habit himselfI rang you several times but couldnt get _答案：to across of through导学号 35690190(2)用get短语填空Itriedphoningheroffice，butIcouldnt_答案：get thr
20、ough 句意：我试着给她办公室打电话，但打不通(couldnt get through)。4ring sbback 回复电话You can ring him back if you are free如果你有空的话给他回个电话。I didnt get through just now but soon he rang back刚才我没接通(电话)，但很快他就打了回来。知识拓展ring off挂断ring out发出响亮而清晰的声音ring sbup给某人打电话ring round给各处打电话Ill ring you up tonight今晚我要给你打电话。A pistol shot rang
21、out发令枪响了。活学活用完成句子(1)I will_ _(回复电话)as soon as I findsomething wrong(2)Johnrangyou；hewantedyouto_him_(给回电话)(3)Ill have to_ _(挂断电话)nowI have atrain to catch(4)Can you_ _(别挂断)？Ill try to find her答案：(1)ring back(2)ring；back(3)ring off/hang up(4)hold on/hang on导学号 356901911Every time you do you will be c
22、ertain to find somethingthat you have never seen before每次你这样做的时候，你一定会发现你从未见过的东西。本句是一个主从复合句，其中every time在此句中引导时间状语从句；that引导定语从句，先行词为something。知识拓展every time，each time，next time，immediately，themoment，the minute等可用从属连词，引导时间状语从句。The moment I got off the train，I saw my father我一下火车就看到了我的父亲。Every time he c
23、omes here，he asks me for money每次来，他都向我要钱。Immediately he turned up at the airport，he was surroundedby the reporters他一出现在机场，就被记者包围了。活学活用补全句子(1)我一看见她就把她认出来了。I recognized her _ I saw her答案：immediately/instantly/directly(2)每次我看见她，她都是一幅幸福的样子。_ _ I see her，she looks happy答案：Every time导学号 356901922Follow it
24、 up，explore all around it，and before youknow it，you will have something worth thinking about tooccupy your mind跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞在你的头脑。本句中含有重要结构：“祈使句and(表结果的)简单句”，祈使句表示“条件”，简单句表示“结果”，通常使用一般将来时。句型“祈使句and(表结果的)简单句”的意义为“干某事，那么就会”；“祈使句or/or else/otherwise(表结果的)简单句”的意义为“干某事，否则就会”，连词or可用 or
25、else/otherwise替代。Work hard and(If you work hard)you will pass yourexaminations你若用功，考试就能及格。Arrive late once more and(If you arrive late once more)youre fired你再迟到一次，就把你开除。Turn the heat down or your cake will burn把热度调低吧，要不蛋糕就要糊了。Run or else youll be late快跑，不然你要迟到了。Put the cap back on the bottle，otherwi
26、se the juice willspill把瓶盖儿盖好，要不汁液就洒出来了。活学活用用恰当词语或形式填空(1)(真题改编大纲卷)_(call)me tomorrow and Illlet you know the lab result答案：Call 本题考查固定句式。句意：明天上午给我打电话，我会让你知道实验结果。由语境可知，此处是“祈使句and一般将来时态”这一固定句式结构，故填call。导学号 35690193(2)You have to move out of the way _ the truckcannot get past you答案：or 本题考查连词的用法。句意：你需要离开这
27、条车道，否则卡车不能从你旁边过去。or意为“否则，要不然”，符合语境。3One day as he was experimenting with one end of astraw joined to a deaf mans ear drum and the other to a pieceof smoked glass，Bell noticed that when he spoke into the ear，the straw drew sound waves on the glass有一天做实验，他把一根干草的一端和一个聋子的耳鼓膜连接起来，干草的另一端与一块被烟熏过的玻璃相连接。贝尔发现
28、，当他对着耳朵说话的时候，这根干草就把声波画在玻璃上。本句的主语是Bell，谓语是noticed，that引导了一个宾语从句，在这个宾语从句中又有一个由when引导的时间状语从句；as引导一个时间状语从句，过去分词短语joined to a deaf mansear drum作后置定语，修饰straw；the other to a piece of smokedglass是个省略句，可补充为the other end of the straw joined to apiece of smoked glass。知识拓展并列句中的省略常有以下几种情况：如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略
29、谓语动词中相同的那部分。John must have been playing football and Mary(must havebeen)doing her homework约翰一定在踢球，而玛丽一定在做作业。主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略。His suggestions made John happy，but(his suggestions made)Mary angry他的建议使约翰高兴，却使玛丽很生气。主语相同，而谓语不同，则可以省略主语。Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while，but(he)soonreturned to hi
30、s old ways老迈克唐纳戒了一阵子烟，可很快又抽上了。在并列复合句中，如果that从句从属于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语等其他一些成分与第一个并列句相同时，这个that从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分。Jack will sing at the party，but I know John wont(sing at theparty)杰克将在晚会上唱歌，但我知道约翰不会在晚会上唱歌。活学活用用恰当词语或形式填空(1)The police still havent found the lost child，but theyredoing all they _答案：can 考查情态动词与省略
31、。句意：警察仍然没有找到那个失踪的孩子，但他们在尽他们所能去寻找他。can“能”，与句意相符。本句完整结构为：theyre doing allthey can do to look for him。导学号 35690194(2)It is worth considering what makes“convenience”foodsso popular，and _(introduce)better ones of your own答案：introducing 句意：什么东西使得“方便”食品如此流行值得考虑，引进你自己的更好的(方便食品)也值得考虑。introducing better ones
32、of your own 是“It is worthconsidering introducing better ones of your own”的省略形式。4But he found the problem difficult to solve但是他发现这个问题很难解决。findn(宾语)adj(宾补)to do(to do作状语修饰adj)是finditadj(宾补)to do sth(it是形式宾语，to dosth是真正的宾语)的变式注意：“to do”形式中当“do”为不及物动词时，应在后面加上适当的介词。并且动词不定式使用一般式。The man found the river da
33、ngerous to swim inThe manfound it dangerous to swim in the river这个人发现在这条河里游泳很危险。知识拓展find后的宾语可以是名词或代词，而补语则可由许多成分充当：(1)find宾语形容词/副词/介词短语。如：I seldom found him out我很少发现他外出。When I woke up I found myself in a hospital当我醒来时，我发现自己在医院里。(2)find宾语现在分词。如：They found the lost boy hiding in the cave他们发现那个失踪的男孩藏在洞里
34、。(3)find宾语过去分词。如：We found the place outside greatly changed我们发现外面全变了。(4)find宾语名词。如：I find him an easy man to work with我觉得他是个容易共事的人。活学活用用恰当形式填空(1)I found him easy _(get along)答案：to get along with 句意：我发现他很容易相处。本题属于findn(宾语)adj(宾补)to do结构，在此结构中要求to do使用一般式，并且当do为不及物动词时，应加上适当的介词。导学号 35690195(2)I like ge
35、tting up very early in summerThe morning air isso good_(breathe)答案：to breathe 句意：在夏季，我喜欢早起。呼吸早晨的空气有益于身心。本句还可以转换为：It is so good(for us)tobreathe the morning air不定式(短语)修饰作表语或补足语的形容词时，通常采用主动形式表示被动含义。(3)They found the lecture hard_(understand)；theyall felt sleepy答案：to understand 句意：他们发现这个讲座很难懂，所以他们都有恹恹欲
36、睡的感觉。不定式修饰作表语或补足语的形容词时，如果和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式通常采用主动形式表示被动含义。如何写求职信(Letter of application)写作指导求职信属于应用文中的书信类。写作时，要注意书信的一些基本格式。首先，要注意开篇交代句、末尾总结句和常识性语句，提高文章的呼应性。开篇句往往交代得知消息的渠道，并表明求职心愿。如：Ive learned from the newspaper that you areemploying a.and Im very interested in it末尾句往往表达希望能很快收到答复的迫切愿望并表明感激之情。如：I
37、would bevery thankful if you would give me an early reply第二，求职信往往需要介绍自己的姓名、年龄、身高、健康状况、业余爱好、特长、工作态度及人际关系等。常见的短语有be in good health，be good at，be expert in，have richworking experience，enjoy doing sth，in ones spare time，bestrict with，be kind to，get on well with等。此外，要防止遗漏要点。如果是针对广告招聘的求职信，应认真阅读广告，明确招聘要求，并
38、对照自己的条件，逐一加以介绍，同时还要注上自己的通讯地址和联系方式。注意：1篇幅不宜太长，要简明扼要。2态度要诚恳，实事求是。3所展示的信息要精炼且有针对性。4语气要客气、礼貌。5可用各种时态，通常用一般现在时和一般过去时。常用句型1开头。说明写求职信的缘由与动机。I would like to apply to become a(an).in your companyIn todays newspaper I noticed your advertisement for.Im writing this letter to apply for.2正文。介绍个人情况。I graduated fr
39、om.I am majoring in./My major is.I am experienced in./I have experience of.I have had four years experience in my present post as.I believe that both my education and experience are directlyrelated to your requirements3结尾。表达你希望早日得到回音并提供你的联系方式。I hope to have the pleasure of an interviewI would apprec
40、iate your call at.I hope that you will give my application careful attentionAn early reply would be appreciatedThank youI would be most grateful if my request receives your favorableconsideration话题导入假定你是李华，即将从浙江大学毕业，从人才周刊上看到了某公司的招聘广告，请根据以下内容用英语写一封求职信。1即将毕业，主修国际贸易；2通过了大学英语六级考试，擅长文字处理；3热情乐观，容易相处。注意：1词
41、数100左右；2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：人才周刊Talent Weekly；秘书secretary；大学英语六级考试CET6Dear Sir/Madam，_Sincerely yours，Li Hua写作表达练习1回应_2从毕业_3除了_4在方面有丰富经验_5至于_6与相处融洽_7期待着_写作表达练习1我在人才周刊上看到贵公司6月8日的招聘广告，特来应聘秘书一职。_2除了专业课程，我还努力学习英语，并在2015年通过了大学英语六级考试。_3至于我的性格，我热情乐观，这使得我和同学相处融洽。_4您能给我打电话安排一次面试吗？_参考答案：写作表达练
42、习1respond to 2graduate from 3apart from 4haverich experience in 5as for 6get on well with 7lookforward to写作词汇热身1I am responding to your advertisement in the TalentWeekly on June 8 for the position of secretary2Apart from courses in my major，I learned English hardand passed the CET6 in 20153As for my
43、 character，Im enthusiastic and optimistic，which makes me get on well with my classmates4Would you please call me to set an interview？参考范文Dear Sir/Madam，I am responding to your advertisement in the Talent Weekly on June 8 for the position of secretaryIm going to graduate from Zhejiang University and
44、my major is International TradeI read a lot and study hard so I have got excellent grades in all my subjectsApart from courses in my major，I learned English hard and passed the CET-6 in 2015I have rich experience in word processing of both Chinese and EnglishAs for my character，Im enthusiastic and o
45、ptimistic，which makes me get on well with my classmatesWould you please call me to set an interview？I am lookingforward to hearing from youThank you very muchSincerely yours，Li Hua课堂达标验收单词拼写1He was sure that the man was _(无罪的，清白的)of any crime2The famous movie star has longing for a _(稳定的)marriage3He
46、 gave a positive _(鉴定)of the killer4Be _(务实的)！We cant afford the car and thevacation5She is a _(精力充沛的)young artist6How long will she keep her _(现在的)job？导学号 356901967He is _(联系)with MrBrown in business8That girl _(轻敲)her fingers on the deskimpatiently9He found their address in the telephone _(电话簿)10H
47、is leg was now capable of full _(伸展)答 案：1 innocent 2 stable 3 identification 4 practical 5 dynamic 6 current 7 associated 8tapped 9directory 10extension用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空dive into；set out；be associated with；hang on；out oforder；get through；ring back；ring off1Sorry，I have to_Its time for me to go towork2
48、Im sorry but my cell phone is_It cantwork now3 With face masks，air tanks and diving suits，mencan_deep water and be at home with the fish4 These concerns may_strong feelingssuch as anger or shame导学号 356901975Whats wrong with your telephone？I cant_allthe time6Know your choices when you_to researcha pa
49、per7Please_I will write down your telephonenumber and let him ring back later8Hes not in；why dont you_after 6 oclock？答案：1ring off 2out of order 3dive into 4beassociated with 5get through 6set out 7hang on 8ring back 完成句子1I dont wish to _ _ _(把我自己和联系在一起)what has been said2After we finished the work，w
50、e _ _ _(动身回家)3 Muchoftheinformationyouhavegainedis_ _ _ _(没有实用性)导学号 356901984 It took me ten minutes to persuade her to _(回电话)later5I _ _ _ _(接通了他的电话)and he told me that he had _ _ _(通过了考试)答案：1associate myself with 2set out for home 3of no practical use 4ring back 5got through to him；gotthrough the exam课 时 作 业点此链接
