1、非限制性定语从句1I v_ took part in a charity program and went to the rural area in Guangxi to train the English teachers there.2The materials inventors say it has a number of possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally friendly a_ to plastic.3From this story, I am firmly convinced of the
2、significance of honesty, which will c_ to building a warm and harmonious society. 4Schools should e_ a minimum of one-hour exercise for each student every day to improve their fitness.5It has recently been announced that all the music stores nationwide are p_ from selling pirated（盗版的）CDs.6Large numb
3、ers of fans complained that all the live concert failed to live up to their e_.7On this tour we will experience four different m_ cultures: the Inuit, the Aborigines, the Maoris and Native American Indians.8Shes an actress whose inner life has remained m_, despite the many interviews she has given.9
4、Failures hurt grown-ups and children a_, but it can make a difference to your life once you learn to use it.10The teachers, students and alumni had a grand meeting in c_ of the 120 anniversary of our school.11The m_ behind the decision is the desire to improve our service to our customers.12Last sum
5、mer, an unexpected storm, with the strong winds a_ by heavy rain, struck the area.13You cant p_ everything. Often things dont work out as you expect.14Now a majority of high school students in China fail to get a_ sleep during the night so they find it difficult to stay energetic at school.15The one
6、-day event has been held annually on Nov.11, celebrated with a wide v_ of deals and discounts from Tmall.16The official said the safety of up to 400 children in the refugee camp must be g_.17We have several stand-up c_ in our club, who always bring us a lot of laughter and joy.18-Hello, welcome to t
7、he City Transport Lost Property. Can you give us a d_ of your lost stuff?19People in East Africa are dying from a_, because food shortage is still a big problem there.20The car driven by Sean Connery in some Bond films will go under the hammer this October and is expected to f_ over $5 million.【答案】1
8、voluntarily2alternative3contribute4ensure5prohibited6expectations7minority8mysterious9alike10celebration11motivation12accompanied13predict14adequate15variety16guaranteed17comedians18description19starvation20fetch【解析】1考查副词。句意：我自愿参加了一个慈善项目，去广西农村培训那里的英语老师。take part in为动词短语，需要副词修饰，故填副词voluntarily，“自愿地”。
9、2考查名词。句意：这种材料的发明者说，它有许多可能的用途，有朝一日可能会提供一种比塑料更环保的替代品。friendly为形容词修饰名词，故填alternative“供替代的选择；替代品”。3考查动词。句意：从这个故事中，我坚定地相信诚实的重要性，它将有助于建立一个温暖和谐的社会。短语contribute to“有助于”。根据上文will可知填动词原形contribute。4考查动词。句意：学校应确保每个学生每天至少锻炼一小时，以提高他们的健康。根据上文should后跟动词原形，故填ensure，表示“确保”。5考查动词。句意：最近宣布，全国所有的音乐商店都禁止销售盗版光盘。根据上文are可知为
10、一般现在时的被动语态，故填过去分词prohibited。6考查名词的数。句意：许多歌迷抱怨说，所有的现场音乐会都没有达到他们的期望。根据上文their为形容词性物主代词修饰名词可知填expectations，表示“期望；预期”。7考查名词。句意：在这次旅行中，我们将体验四种不同的少数民族文化:因纽特人、土著居民、毛利人和美洲印第安人。根据上文different为形容词修饰名词可知应填minority“少数民族”。8考查形容词。句意：她是一位女演员，尽管接受了许多采访，但她的内心生活仍然很神秘。remain为系动词后跟形容词作表语，故填mysterious“神秘的”。9考查副词。句意：失败对成年
11、人和孩子都是一种伤害，但一旦你学会利用它，它就能改变你的生活。此处应填副词修饰动词hurt，表示“同样地”故填alike。10考查名词。句意：为了庆祝我校建校120周年，老师们、同学们和校友们举行了隆重的会议。短语in celebration of“为庆祝”，故填名词celebration。11考查名词。句意：这一决定背后的动机是希望改善我们对客户的服务。根据上文the可知填名词motivation，表示“动机”。12考查非谓语动词。句意：去年夏天，一场意想不到的暴风雨，伴随着强风和大雨袭击了这个地区。本句为with的复合结构，且wind与accompany构成被动用过去分词，故填accomp
12、anied，表示“伴随”。13考查动词。句意：你不能预测一切。事情往往不会如你所愿。根据上文cant可知应填动词原形predict，表示“预测”。14考查形容词。句意：现在，中国大部分高中生晚上睡眠不足，所以他们发现很难在学校保持精力充沛。下文sleep为名词“睡眠”需要形容词修饰，故填adequate，表示“充足的”。15考查名词。句意：这个为期一天的活动每年11月11日举行，天猫以各种各样的优惠和折扣来庆祝。短语a wide variety of“多种多样的”，故填名词variety。16考查动词时态语态。句意：这位官员说，难民营中多达400名儿童的安全必须得到保障。根据上文must be
13、可知为被动语态，故填过去分词guaranteed，表示“保障”。17考查名词的数。句意：我们俱乐部有几个喜剧演员，他们总是给我们带来很多欢笑和快乐。短语stand-up comedian“喜剧演员”，由several修饰故填复数comedians。18考查名词。句意：您好，欢迎来到城市交通失物招领处。你能给我们描述一下你丢失的东西吗?根据上文a可知应填名词description“描述”。19考查名词。句意：东非人民因饥饿而死亡，因为那里的粮食短缺仍然是一个大问题。根据上文from为介词后跟名词作宾语，故填starvation“饥饿”。20考查动词。句意：肖恩康纳利在邦德系列电影中驾驶的汽车将于
14、今年10月拍卖，预计将拍出500多万美元。短语be expected to do sth.“预计；有望做某事”后跟不定式，故填动词原形fetch，“达到”。语法专题（非限制性定语从句）非限制性定语从句是对意义已经非常明确的先行词给予补充、说明，删去非限制性定语从句，主句的意思仍是概念清晰、结构完整的。非限制性定语从句的引导词有who，whom，which，whose，as，when，where等，that不可用于引导非限制性定语从句，从句之前要用逗号。先行词指人，则用who，whose，which等；先行词指物，要用which；先行词表时间或者地点，并在句中作时间状语或者地点状语时要用when
15、或者where引导。使用非限制性定语从句的情况：1. 关系代词指代整个主句时，使用非限制性定语从句。You did a lot for me, for which I was grateful. 你为我做了许多，对此我很感激。夫,这令我十分恐惧。2. 当先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物或人名地名等专有名词时，使用非限制性定语从句。China, which is my motherland, is developing fast. 中国是我的祖国，正在快速发展。3. 当先行词指的是某人只有一个亲属（son，daughter等）时，使用非限制性定语从句。He has a daughter, who
16、 is studying in London. 他有个女儿，现在正在伦敦学习。（只有一个女儿）练习题：21It is snowing heavily,_makes children feel excited.(用适当的词填空)【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：雪下得很大，孩子们都很兴奋。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。22Such novelists as Tolstoy are widely read, of _ works, however, some are difficul
17、t to understand. （用适当的单词填空）【答案】whose【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：像托尔斯泰这样的小说家读者很多，然而他们的作品中有些是难以理解的。此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是 novelists，与从句中的works是所属关系，关系词在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose。故填whose。23A lot of language learning, _ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to thei
18、r children during that period.（用适当的单词填空）【答案】as【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很多语言学习，正如人们所发现的，都发生在人生的第一年，所以父母应该在这段时间里和孩子多说话。分析句子结构可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词为主句A lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life，关系词在从句中作主语，表示“正如”，as可引导先行词是整个主句的非限制性定语从句。故填as。24We have reached Su Zhou,_I will meet my old
19、friends. (用适当的单词填空)【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们已到达苏州，在那里我将会见到我的老朋友。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Su Zhou，且先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。25The number of smokers,_is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. (用适当的单词填空)【答案】as【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如报道的那样，吸烟者的数量在一年内下降了17% 。分析句子可知，本句主句为“The number of smokers, ha
20、s dropped by 17 percent in just one year. ”其余部分为定语从句，主句讲述的内容就是报道中提到的内容，as作为关系代词，意为“正如.那样”，指代整个主句内容，在从句中充当主语。故填as。26There are about 100 teachers, two-thirds of_are women. (用适当的单词填空)【答案】whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大约有100名教师，三分之二是女教师。分析句子结构，two-thirds ofare women.是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词100 teachers，指人，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指
21、人，只能用whom，指物，只能用which，所以用whom引导该定语从句。故填whom。27There are many forms of communication,_include text message, cellphones,emails, and so on. (用适当的单词填空)【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：通信的形式有很多种，包括短信、手机、电子邮件等等。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词forms ，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。28Last week, only two people
22、 climbed to the top of the mountain, neither of _ came from Europe. （用适当的词填空）【答案】whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周，只有两个人爬上了这个山顶，他们都不是来自欧洲。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是two people，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指人，只能用whom，指物，只能用which，故填whom。29The conference, _ was reported in the newspaper, turned out to be a great success. （用适当的词填
23、空）【答案】as【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：正如报纸上所报道的那样，这次会议结果很成功。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，其先行词是整个主句“The conference turned out to be a great success.（会议结果很成功）”，从句中缺少主语，且根据句意，该关系代词意为“正如，正像”，故填as。30The medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of _ recovered.（用适当的单词填空）【答案】whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意：后来，这种药在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，大多数患者
24、都康复了。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词patients，且作介词of的宾语，指人，“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句中只能用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。阅读理解 Ill never forget the day when Mary came into my office and said,I am too old to learn how to use a computer.I shook my head.Here was a woman who had raised 6 children and who had made great progress in he
25、r career telling me that she was too old to learn something new.I told her that I always believed people were never too old to learn.Mary followed my advice and did learn how to use the computer.Now,she is retired and leading a very active life volunteering in her community( 社区 ),using her computer
26、skills and helping anyone that needs help.When she was in her sixties,one day she called me and said she had played the piano for others all her life,and now she was going to make a CD of her own.My mind flashed back to the day when she told me she was too old to learn.You can imagine my surprise an
27、d delight.To produce the CD,she had a lot of things to learn.It was not just sitting at the piano and playing.She had to research the songs,learn about copyright(版权),and learn about marketing.It was pretty amazing for someone who once said she was too old to learn.And finally she made it. Now she ha
28、s her own CD-Mixed Blessings.Most of you probably have heard about some people who have gone back to university in their seventies and have also graduated.They are on their way again to charging themselves with a new skill and a new attitude towards life.The point is you are unable to learn anything
29、 at any age if you believe you are too old.On the contrary,you can achieve anything at any age if you believe you can.31When Mary said she was too old to learn, the author_.Abecame disappointed with herBfelt sad and decided to help herCdid not agree with herDthought what she had said was true32Why d
30、id Mary call the author one day in her sixties?ATo ask him for some help.BTo talk about her new CDCTo ask him to make a CDDTo tell him about her plan.33The author thought it_for Mary to make a CDAimpossibleBdifficultCunnecessaryDinteresting34What does the text mainly tell us?AWere never too old to l
31、earn.BWe should always learn new skills.CInterest is the best teacher.DSome people succeed for a reason.【答案】31C32D33B34A【分析】本文为记叙文。玛丽女士抚养了6个孩子，在她的职业生涯中取得了很大的进步，她告诉作者，她太老了，学不到新东西。作者告诉她，自己一直相信人活到老学到老。玛丽听从了作者的建议，确实学会了如何使用电脑。作者认为如果你认为自己太老了，那么你在任何年龄都学不到任何东西。相反，如果你相信你能做到，你可以在任何年龄取得任何成就。31细节理解题。根据第一段中的I sh
32、ook my head.及I told her that I always believed people were never too old to learn.可知，当玛丽说她太老了不能学习时，作者不同意她的这种观点。故C选项正确。32细节理解题。根据When she was in her sixties, one day she called me and said she had played the piano for others all her life, and now she was going to make a CD of her own.可知，玛丽在六十多岁的某一天给作
33、者打电话，是为了告诉他她的计划。故D选项正确。33细节理解题。根据第四段中的To produce the CD, she had a lot of things to learn. It was not just sitting at the piano and playing可知，作者认为玛丽要制作一张CD，还有很多事情要做，并不是件容易的事情。故B选项正确。34推理判断题。根据第一段中的I told her that I always believed people were never too old to learn.及最后一段中的The point is you are unable
34、 to learn anything at any age if you believe you are too old. On the contrary, you can achieve anything at any age if you believe you can.可推知，这篇文章主要想告诉我们我们要活到老学到老。故A选项正确。写作（翻译）35要确保道路安全、避免事故，一切都在于我们道路使用者。36这让一些人阅读起来有困难，因此经典文学作品常常被遗忘在书架上。37这一时期的诗歌通常关注自由、美丽等概念，往往运用想象触及强烈的情感。38想象一下在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧不可能有比这儿更令人
35、叹为观止的场景了！39来自许多国家的这群人的联袂演出、音乐以及恢弘的场景显然是这场令人惊叹的演出的重要因素。【答案】35It is up to all of us road users to make sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety.36This makes them difficult for some people to read, so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.37The poetry of this period often
36、 focuses on concepts like freedom and beauty, and tends to use imagination and touch on strong feelings.38Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden Citythere could not be a more awesome setting!39The bringing together of this group of people from many countries, the music and the grand
37、setting are clearly the key components of this amazing production.【解析】35考查固定句型、宾语从句和固定用法。It is up to“由来决定”，该句型是固定句型；that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety.是一个宾语从句；介词by之后，用v+ing形式；本句描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；结合句意提示，故译为：It is up to all of us road users to make sure that we avoid accidents b
38、y paying attention to road safety.36考查结果状语从句。so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.是结果状语从句；此处描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；结合句意提示，故译为：This makes them difficult for some people to read, so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.37考查时态。描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时；结合句意提示。故译为：The poetry of this period often f
39、ocuses on concepts like freedom and beauty, and tends to use imagination and touch on strong feelings.38考查祈使句。此处使用祈使句及否定词与形容词比较级表最高级；结合句意提示，故译为： Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden Citythere could not be a more awesome setting!39考查动名词及主谓一致。此处可使用动名词词组the bringing together of this g
40、roup of people from many countries做主语，与 the music and the grand setting构成并列主语，是复数概念，谓语动词用复数；此处描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时，结合句意提示，故译为：The bringing together of this group of people from many countries, the music and the grand setting are clearly the key components of this amazing production.Directions: Translate
41、 the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.40当那些外宾正要离开时，天就开始下雨了。（about）41我必须提醒你，在你做决定前请考虑一下我的建议。（account）42据报道，该市15岁以下的学生可以免费使用这个图书馆。（access）43应鼓励学生积极利用自己的专长解决生活中的一些实际问题。（advantage）【答案】40The foreign guests were about to leave when it began to rain.41I must remind yo
42、u that you should take my advice into account before you make the decision.42It is reported that students (who are) under the age of 15 in this city have free access to the library.43Students should be encouraged to take advantage of their strong points / strengths to solve some actual / practical p
43、roblems in life actively.【分析】考查汉译英。40考查固定短语。短语be about to do when“正要做某事，突然”，根据句意可知，用一般过去时。故译为The foreign guests were about to leave when it began to rain.41考查固定短语。短语remind sb that“提醒某人”；take into account“考虑；重视”， 根据句意可知，用一般现在时。故译为I must remind you that you should take my advice into account before yo
44、u make the decision.42考查固定句式和固定短语。句型It is reported that“据报道”；短语have free access to sth.“免费试用某物”，根据句意可知，用一般现在时。故译为It is reported that students (who are) under the age of 15 in this city have free access to the library.43考查固定短语。短语take advantage of sth to do sth.“利用某物做某事”。本句主语student与谓语动词构成被动，根据句意可知，用一般现在时。故译为Students should be encouraged to take advantage of their strong points/ strengths to solve some actual/ practical problems in life actively.
