1、浙江省北斗星盟2019-2020学年高二英语下学期联考试题（含解析）第I卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What did the woman do during the vacation?A. She went traveling.B. She got a part-time job.C. She took summer courses.2. Wh
2、ats the conversation mainly about?A. Where to watch movies.B. How to design websites.C. Whether there is a virus on the computer.3. Why does the woman decide to go to the skate park?A. Shes good at skateboarding.B. She would like to support the man.C. She wants to improve her skateboarding skills.4.
3、 Whats the relationship between the speakers?A. Dentist and patient.B. Father and daughter.C. Yoga teacher and student.5. Why did the man hurt his leg?A. He was too young to do the sport.B. He exercised too much at practice.C. He played basketball for the first time in ages.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分
4、）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the woman want to do next week?A. Send a package.B. Pick up a package.C. Change her phone number.7. How fast will the womans package arrive in New York?A
5、. Within 10 hours. B. Within 24 hours. C. Within 48 hours.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Where are the speakers?A. At home. B. In a hospital. C. In a restaurant.9. What are the speakers eating?A. Food the man doesnt like.B. Food they have eaten before.C. Food from other countries.10. How did the woman feel in t
6、he end?A. Happily surprised. B. Confused. C. Dissatisfied.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. Where does the mans father probably work?A. At a university. B. In a hospital. C. At a law firm.12. How many people are there in the mans family?A. Three. B. Five. C. Six.13. What is the man doing?A. Interviewing for a jo
7、b. B. Applying to college. C. Registering for a visa.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. What time did Ben probably get hurt?A. At 6:00 p.m. B. At noon. C. At 10:00 a.m.15. What did the doctor do to examine Ben?A. She felt his foot.B. She did an X-ray.C. She made him put weight on it.16. How long will Ben be unabl
8、e to play soccer?A. For the rest of the soccer season.B. For around eight weeks.C. For about half a year.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. How long has the speaker worked with Scott Weatherfield?A. For two years. B. For three years. C. For five years.18. Where does Scott Weatherfield probably work?A. At a unive
9、rsity. B. At a TV station. C. At a publishing house.19. How do writers often express their thanks to Scott Weatherfield?A. They write books about him.B. They thank him in their books.C. They write positive reviews of his books.20. What did Scott Weatherfield do?A. He went to many scientists for advi
10、ce.B. He appeared on many talk shows.C. He contributed a lot to charity.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAlthough Kobe Bryant is no longer with us, his unbreakable will on and off the basketball court lives on. This month, it was announced th
11、at the late superstar would be accepted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame at a ceremony on Aug 29, a great honor for basketballs best.“His fierce competitiveness, work ethic and drive were unmatched,” Jeanie Buss, owner of the Los Angles Lakes, told ESPN. “Those qualities helped Bry
12、ant lead us to five titles and have now brought him to the Hall of Fame. No one deserves it more.”Indeed, it was Bryants unmatchable commitment and determination to be the best that elevated (提升地位) him above his peers. He called it the “mamba mentality” after the black mamba, one of the worlds deadl
13、iest snakes and also after the top killer from the 2003 movie Kill Bill. The mamba mentality became so popular that Bryant even detailed his process in his book The Mamba Mentality: How I Play. In it, he revealed his famously detailed approach as well as his physical and mental preparation to not ju
14、st succeed at the game, but to excel.“Mamba mentality is all about focusing on the process and trusting in the hard work which is just the competitive spirit.” he wrote in the book. “It started when someone described me like that one day, and its grown into something athletes and even non-athletes a
15、dopt as a mindset.”Bryant took after one of the greatest basketball players, Michael Jordan, not only with regard to Jordans playing style, but his competitive nature. “I liked challenging people and making them uncomfortable,” Bryant once said, “Thats what leads to self-reflection and improvement.
16、You could say I dared people to be their best selves.”Though many were shocked and sad when the Los Angles great died in a helicopter crash in January, all signs point to Bryants legacy (遗产) for generations to come. Whether youre a basketball player or not, you cant deny the Kobes power to inspire y
17、ou to be your best self.1. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that_.A. Bryants qualities helped him win five titlesB. Bryant was too competitive to become a great playerC. Bryant in particular deserves the honor he will receiveD. Bryant is the only qualified player in the Hall of Fame2. Ac
18、cording to Bryant, what is true mamba mentality?A. It means being willing to cooperate with teammates.B. It refers to the spirit of working hard to be the best.C. It means reflecting on oneself from time to time.D. It is a belief that both the process and outcome matter.3. Why did Bryant like challe
19、nging people?A. He found it fun to make people uncomfortable.B. He wanted to show off his basketball skills.C. He inspired them to develop passion for basketball.D. He believed it could promote peoples improvement.4. What is the text mainly about?A. How Bryant died in a helicopter crash.B. How mamba
20、 mentality came into being.C. Why Bryant was inducted into the Hall of Fame.D. Mamba MentalityBryants legacy to the world.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。Kobe Bryant（科比布莱恩特）已经离开我们了。本文主要介绍了他留下的Mamba mentality（曼巴精神）和他在人们心中的地位。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第一段关键句“This month, it was announced that the late supers
21、tar would be accepted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame at a ceremony on Aug 29, a great honor for basketballs best.”可知，科比将于今年8月29日入选篮球名人堂，这是篮球界最优秀的球员的殊荣。再由第二段关键句“No one deserves it more.”可知，没有人比科比更值得这个荣誉了。可以推断出科比特别值得这份即将收到的荣誉。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由第四段关键句“Mamba mentality is all about fo
22、cusing on the process and trusting in the hard work, which is just the competitive spirit.”可知，“曼巴精神”就是关注过程，相信努力工作。也就是说通过不断地努力，让人们成为最好的自己。故选B项。3题详解】细节理解题。由第五段关键句“Thats what leads to self-reflection and improvement. You could say I dared people to be their best selves.”可知，科比喜欢挑战别人，因为那会使人们反省和改进，让他们努力成为
23、最好的自己。也就是说，他认为自己的挑战会促使别人进步。故选D项。【4题详解】主旨大意题。由文章最后一段关键句“Whether youre a basketball player or not, you cant deny the Kobes power to inspire you to be your best self”可知，虽然科比已经离开我们了，但无论你是不是一名篮球运动员，你都不能否认科比的力量激励你成为了最好的自己，这种力量就是“Mamba mentality（曼巴精神）”，这种精神对每一个普通人都是有激励作用的，所以它是科比留给世界的遗产。故选D。【点睛】主旨大意题的解题方法：浏
24、览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨。例如本篇文章中的第四小题，要求我们总结文章大意。首先，浏览全文，抓住关键字眼。浏览全文，很多地方出现了Kobe Bryant（科比布莱恩特）和他的Mamba mentality（曼巴精神）。再根据文章最后一段关键句“Whether youre a basketball player or not, you cant deny the Kobes power to inspire you to be your best self”可知，Mamba mentality（曼巴精神）激励我们成为了最好的自己，这种精神对每一个普通人都是有激励作用的，所以它是科比留给世界的
25、遗产。即可推断出正确答案。故选D。BIn 2009, Dr. Kathleen Wermke and her colleagues made headlines with a study showing that French and German newborns produce distinctly different “cry melodies,” reflecting the languages they heard in womb (子宫). Today, Dr. Wermkes lab houses a collection of around a half-million rec
26、ordings of babies from as far a field as Cameroon and China.The analysis of these recordings has produced further insights into the factors that shape a babys first sounds. Newborns whose mothers speak tonal languages, such as Mandarin, tend to produce more complex cry melodies. Swedish newborns, wh
27、ose native language has what linguists call a “pitch accent,” produce more sing-songy cries.Hearing and imitating are fundamental to language development. By the third trimester, a fetus (胎儿) can hear the rhythm and melody of its mothers voice known as “prosody”. It is the defining characteristic of
28、 language for the fetus. After they are born, young babies mimic many different sounds. But they are especially shaped by the prosody they heard in the womb, which becomes a handy guide to the strange sounds coming from the people around them. Through stress, pauses and other clues, prosody cuts up
29、the stream of sound into words and phrases that is, into speech.“These studies redouble the labs broader effort to map the typical development of a babys cries, as well as vocalizations like cooing and babbling.” Dr. Kathleen Wermke said. “Knowing what typical development looks like and what factors
30、 can influence it helps doctors address potential problems early on.”5 The underlined word “mimic” in Paragraph 3 refers to _.A. imitateB. learnC. hearD. gain6. What is Dr. Kathleen Wermkes attitude towards the studies？A. AmbiguousB. DoubtfulC. NeutralD. Approving7. What would be the best title for
31、the text?A. Mandarin is the most complex tonal languageB. Swedish newborns produce more simple cry sounds.C. Newborn babies cry in different languagesD. Hearing is fundamental to language development【答案】5. A 6. D 7. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了出生在不同国家、还不会说话的宝宝，哭声会不一样。德国一个研究团队发现，胎儿在母体内已经会受到语言环境的影响。因此，婴儿啼哭的声调也
32、会和母语的特征一致。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段Hearing and imitating are fundamental to language development. By the third trimester, a fetus (胎儿) can hear the rhythm and melody of its mothers voice known as “prosody”. 听力和模仿是语言发展的基础，在孕期的第三个阶段，胎儿能听出他妈妈声音的节奏和旋律，即“韵律”。所以在婴儿出生后是模仿不同的声音，这里符合A选项“模仿”。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段博士
33、说的话Dr. Kathleen Wermke said. “Knowing what typical development looks like and what factors can influence it helps doctors address potential problems early on.”了解常规发展情况，以及哪些因素对此有影响，有助于医生尽早发现潜在病症。所以这里凯瑟琳韦姆克博士对这些研究的态度是赞同的态度。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“In 2009, Dr. Kathleen Wermke and her colleagues made hea
34、dlines with a study showing that French and German newborns produce distinctly different “cry melodies,” reflecting the languages they heard in womb (子宫).” 2009年，凯瑟琳博士和她的同事因为一项研究上了各种媒体头条，他们的研究发现，法国和德国的新生儿发出的啼哭旋律有明显区别，并与他们在胎儿时，听到的语言一致。后面整篇文章都在讨论不同国家婴儿啼哭声不同的原因和影响，所以主旨是新生儿有不同的啼哭声。“新生儿会用不同的语言哭泣”最适合作为文章标
35、题。故选C项。CIm about to begin my fifth season of tree planting. Each year, around this time, I have mixed feelings about the job. Never have I loved a job so much while hating it with equal measure. I mainly plant trees on the coast of British Columbia and get paid about 35 cents a tree. The job can be
36、profitable. It gives planters the opportunity to lead a roaming (漫游的) lifestyle, with a temporary duty to spend a few months filling their bank accounts. But there are many challenges.In the early hours of the morning, we join our teams and travel along rough roads deep into the woodlands. When step
37、ping out of the trucks, often in the pouring rain, were faced with a steep chunk of land thats just been logged (砍伐). I step into the rain and fill my bags with hundreds of tiny trees. Experienced tree-planters treat this more like a sport than a job, thus lighting up the mood.Once our bags are full
38、, we immediately charge up that hillside before feeling reluctant to go. We jump from log to log, and if they roll out from under our feet, we grab onto whatever within reach and swing around like monkeys. We push through stinging bushes. We stumble and fall constantly, always pushing ourselves to g
39、o faster among groups of insects that we often breathe in.While tree planting, I come across someone else, a self I thought I knew. It is a person I try to come to peace with on those hillsides, during those strange days of isolation (隔绝) and deep thinking.Tree planting is a lab of self-examination
40、and growth, where you face the worst and the best in your nature and push yourself as hard as you can. And, a new version of yourself awaits at the end of the experience.8. Which of the following is true about the writers job?A. It is a bittersweet job to some degree.B. He works 12 months a year.C.
41、He can make a fortune with this job.D. He is stuck in a place all year round.9. What challenges will they meet when planting trees?A. They feel reluctant to collect tiny trees.B. Workers mood needs to be lighted up on the truck.C. They will have to help each other when planting trees.D. The conditio
42、ns are really tough on the hillside.10. In what way has the writer benefited most by planting trees?A. He has smoothed away many difficulties.B. He has discovered a whole new himself.C. He has developed tree-planting skills.D. He has gained lifelong friendship.【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。
43、文章主要讲述了作者每年都会参与植树，这份工作给他带来了收益，可过程中又有不少挑战。这一经历更带给了他宝贵的精神财富，发现了一个不一样的自己。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Never have I loved a job so much while hating it with equal measure.”可知，在作者看来，他从来没有像现在这样热爱一份工作，同时又对它深恶痛绝过。且后文提及“The job can be profitable”和“But there are many challenges.”可知，植树虽然能获取收益，但是也有不少的挑战，所以是一份苦乐参半的工作。故
44、选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“In the early hours of the morning, we join our teams and travel along rough roads deep into the woodlands. When stepping out of the trucks, often in the pouring rain, were faced with a steep chunk of land thats just been logged.( 在清晨的几个小时，我们加入我们的队伍，沿着崎岖的道路进入森林深处。当我们在倾盆大雨中走出
45、卡车时，我们面对的是一片刚刚被砍伐的陡峭土地。)”以及文章第三段内容“We push through stinging bushes. We stumble and fall constantly, always pushing ourselves to go faster among groups of insects that we often breathe in.( 我们穿过刺痛的灌木丛。我们不断地跌倒，在我们经常吸入的昆虫群中，我们总是迫使自己走得更快。)”可知，从早起乘车沿着崎岖不平的路赶往林地，下车之后常常遭遇倾盆大雨，到带刺的灌木丛以及会被吸入鼻中的昆虫，都说明了条件的艰苦。故
46、选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段内容“Tree planting is a lab of self-examination and growth, where you face the worst and the best in your nature and push yourself as hard as you can. And, a new version of yourself awaits at the end of the experience.( 植树是自我反省和成长的实验室，在这里，你要面对自己本性中最坏的和最好的，并尽你所能推动自己。而且，在体验结束时，等
47、待你的是一个全新的自己。)”可知，作者认为植树最佳益处在于可以探索新的自我。故选B项。【点睛】英语阅读判断正误技巧由于判断题的特殊性，很多时候不能定位到某一段，只能从选项出发，需要将各个选项定位到句，然后对比原文，进行判断。比如文章第1小题：1. Which of the following is true about the writers job? A. It is a bittersweet job to some degree. B. He works 12 months a year. C. He can make a fortune with this job. D. He is
48、stuck in a place all year round.解读题干关键词“true”，属于正误判断题。因此将各个选项定位到句，然后对比原文，进行判断。根据第一段提及“The job can be profitable”和“But there are many challenges.”可知，植树虽然能获取收益，但是也有不少的挑战，所以是一份苦乐参半的工作。A项“It is a bittersweet job to some degree.( 在某种程度上，这是一份苦乐参半的工作。)”描述正确。根据第一段“with a temporary duty to spend a few months
49、 filling their bank accounts.”可知，种树工作要花几个月的时间，而非一年的时间，选项B“He works 12 months a year.( 他一年工作12个月。)”与原文表达信息不一致，所以B项错误。根据第一段“I mainly plant trees on the coast of British Columbiaand get paid between 25 and 45 cents a tree.”可知砍树虽然能获取收益，但是收入并不高，C项“He can make a fortune with this job.( 他可以靠这份工作发财。)”中make
50、a fortune意为“发财（make a large amount of money）”与原文信息不符，所以C项错误。根据第一段“I mainly plant trees on the coast of British Columbia and get paid about 35 cents a tree.”可知，作者主要在不列颠哥伦比亚省海岸种树，并非驻扎在一个地方。选项D“He is stuck in a place all year round.( 他一年到头都被困在一个地方。)”与原文表达不一致，D项错误。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能
51、填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Exam season can bring on levels of stress and burnout that can hinder your studies. _11_1. Take regular breaks and schedule in fun things to look forward toEven the most intense exam timetables will allow a little time for a study break. _12_ Go out for dinner with friends, go
52、 to the cinema, attend a gig, anything that you like doing in your spare time that will take your mind off exams. Spending a little time away from the books will leave you feeling more refreshed and relaxed the next time you revise.2. Exercise and get outdoorsEasily one of the most frustrating thing
53、s about exam season is that it seems to occur just as the weather brightens up. Use this to your advantage and go out for a walk, or a run, or head to the gym or swimming pool. _13_3. Dont (always) listen to others_14_ While it is helpful to discuss topics with fellow students and often to revise to
54、gether, try not to compare other peoples revision to your own. Chances are youre doing just fine, and listening to other people talk about what theyve learnt will only stress you out and may make you feel like you arent progressing as well as them.4. _15_If the stress gets to a point where it is ove
55、rwhelming, and is affecting your day-to-day life, try and speak to someone about it. Open up to a family member or a friend about the pressure you feel. Youll be amazed to know that you arent alone in feeling like this.A. Speak to someoneB. You can speak to people about your concernsC. As the old sa
56、ying goes: “comparison is the thief of joy”.D. Here are some handy tips on how to manage your anxiety.E. This can include 20-minute breaks during your revision day.F. Plus, if they themselves are stressed this can rub off on to youG. Besides keeping you healthy, exercise can help to make you more pr
57、oductive while revising.【答案】11. D 12. E 13. G 14. C 15. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。考试季节会带来一定程度的压力和倦怠，从而阻碍你的学习。本文介绍了四条在准备考试前如何控制焦虑的有用建议。【11题详解】本空为第一段最后一句，有启示下文的作用，结合后文主要介绍了四条控制焦虑的建议，故D选项“这里有一些关于如何控制焦虑的有用建议”符合上下文语境。故选D。【12题详解】根据空前的Even the most intense exam timetables will allow a little time for a study break.可知，即
58、使是最紧张的考试时间表也会给你一点学习休息的时间。由此可知，本句是在说再紧张的考试时间表也会有休息的时间，所以本空应填入与“休息”有关的句子。故E选项“这可以包括复习时的20分钟休息时间”符合上下文语境。故选E。【13题详解】根据本段小标题 Exercise and get outdoors(锻炼以及走到户外)以及上文Easily one of the most frustrating things about exam season is that it seems to occur just as the weather brightens up. Use this to your adv
59、antage and go out for a walk, or a run, or head to the gym or swimming pool.可知，考试季节最令人沮丧的事情之一就是它似乎很容易发生在天气转晴的时候。利用这一点，出去走走，跑步，或者去健身房或游泳池。由此可知，本段主要在说运动对改善考试前的焦虑的好处，所以此处应填入与锻炼的好处有关的句子。故G选项“除了保持身体健康，锻炼还能让你在复习时更有效率”符合上下文语境。故选G。【14题详解】根据空后的While it is helpful to discuss topics with fellow students and of
60、ten to revise together, try not to compare other peoples revision to your own.可知，虽然和同学们讨论一些话题并经常一起复习是很有帮助的，但是尽量不要拿别人和你自己的复习做比较。由此可知，此处是在说最好不要和别人比较，这可能会让你觉得自己没有别人复习的好。所以本空应填入与比较的坏处有关的句子。故C选项“俗话说：攀比是快乐的小偷”符合上下文语境。故选C。15题详解】分析本空所在位置可知，此处应填入小标题。根据最后一段第一句If the stress gets to a point where it is overwhel
61、ming, and is affecting your day-to-day life, try and speak to someone about it.可知，如果压力已经到了无法承受的程度，并且正在影响你的日常生活，可以试着和别人谈谈。由此可知，本段是在说如果压力过大了，可以通过和别人谈话的方式来缓解压力。故A选项“和某人说话”符合上下文语境。故选A。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。A month before
62、my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured. This _16_not running for two weeks. Yet, I was _17_ to go ahead.I remember in my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to _18_ laps and then hit a softball. I didnt do _19_well. He later said that I was “ not _20_”.The idea that I was “not athleti
63、c” _21_ me for years. When I started _22_in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, a battle against my own _23_ and mind.The night before my_24_, I dreamt that I couldnt even find the finish line. I woke up sweating, but ready to _25_ something to myself.Shortly after crossing the s
64、tart line, my shoe laces became _26_. So I stopped to readjust. At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!” By mile 17, the once _27_ ankle hurt badly. _28_ the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again. As I _29_mile 23, I could see my wife waving a _30_. She is my bigges
65、t fan. She never _31_ the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m.I was one of the final runners to finish. _32_ I finished! And I got a _33_ In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.Determined to be myself, free of worldly labels and _34_ forward, I can now call mysel
66、f a “marathon _35_ ”.16. A. meantB. resultedC. causedD. prevented17. A. decidedB. determinedC. forcedD. driven18. A. setB. trainC. runD. take19. A. bothB. eachC. neitherD. either20. A. successfulB. athleticC. energeticD. active21. A. stuck inB. stuck withC. remained inD. stayed up22. A. runningB. ra
67、cingC. walkingD. hiking23. A. soulB. legC. bodyD. heart24. A. matchB. contestC. joggingD. marathon25. A. improveB. testC. teachD. prove26. A. untiedB. unwrappedC. unfittedD. uncovered27. A. woundedB. brokenC. injuredD. damaged28 A. DespiteB. AsC. WithD. For29. A. coveredB. didC. approachedD. ran30.
68、A. markB. signalC. symbolD. sign31. A. likedB. mindedC. enjoyedD. focused32. A. ButB. SoC. OrD. As33. A. prizeB. medalC. metalD. honor34. A. rushB. walkC. moveD. drag35. A. runnerB. believerC. supporterD. winner【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. B 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. C 3
69、0. D 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了没有运动天赋的作者不畏艰辛，挑战自我，最终成功完成了自己第一次马拉松比赛的故事。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着两周内不能跑步。A. meant意味；打算；B. resulted致使；C. caused引起；使遭受；D. prevented预防；阻止。根据空前主语为“this”应是指代前一句“one of my ankles was injured”提及的“我的一个脚踝受伤了”，这个受伤事件意味着作者两周不能跑步。mean doing sth，固定结构，“意味着”。故
70、选A项。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我决定继续下去。A. decided决定；B. determined（使）下决心；C. forced迫使；D. driven开车；驱使。be determined to do，固定结构，意为“决心要做某事”。故选B项。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得在我的第一堂体育课，老师要求我们跑圈，然后打垒球。我两项都做得不好。A. set放置；拨；调；B. train培训；开发；C. run跑；运行；D. take运送；带领。根据后文宾语“laps”，意为“跑道的一圈”，应是老师要求学生跑圈。run laps，“跑圈”。故选C项。【19题详
71、解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：我记得在我的第一堂体育课，老师要求我们跑圈，然后打垒球。我两项都做得不好。A. both两个都；B. each每个；C. neither两个都不；D. either两者中的任一个。根据前文提及了老师提出的“the teacher required us to _3_ laps and then hit a softball(老师要求我们先跑几圈，然后打垒球)”两个要求，作者对于这两个要求都做得不好。both用于否定句时是半否定，在全否定时用not either或neither，句中含有否定词“not”，应用“noteither”结构表全部否定。故选D项。【20题
72、详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他后来说我“不擅长运动”。A. successful成功的；B. athletic运动的；运动型；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. active积极主动的；思维活跃的。根据前文“I didnt do _4_ well”可知，作者在跑圈和打垒球方面做的不好，因此主语“He”应是指体育老师对于作者的评价：没有运动细胞，不擅长运动。故选B项。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：多年来，我一直认为自己“不擅长运动”。A. stuck in困住；陷于；B. stuck with遇到困难无法进行下去；无法摆脱；C. remained in保留；保存；D. stay
73、ed up熬夜。根据后文“When I started _7_ in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself”可知，作者30多岁才开始跑步，并意识到跑步是一场与自己的战斗，因此可知，“not athletic”这个看法一直困扰着他，使他无法摆脱“自己不是运动型”这个观点。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在30多岁开始跑步时，我意识到跑步是一场与自己的战斗，一场与自己的身体和思想的战斗。A. running跑步；B. racing参赛；C. walking步行；D. hiking远足。根据后文“I real
74、ized running was a battle against myself(意识到跑步是一场与自己的战斗)”可知，作者已经开始跑步了。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在30多岁开始跑步时，我意识到跑步是一场与自己的战斗，一场与自己的身体和思想的战斗。A. soul灵魂；B. leg腿；C. body身体；D. heart心脏。根据前文“When I started _7_ in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself”可知，作者已经开始跑步了，且意识到这是一场与自己的战斗，要在体力和思想方面与自己战
75、斗。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我跑马拉松的前一天晚上，我梦见我甚至找不到终点线。A. match火柴；比赛；B. contest比赛；C. jogging慢跑；D. marathon马拉松。根据前文“A month before my first marathon”可知，作者要参加马拉松比赛。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我大汗淋漓地醒来，但准备向自己证明一些事情。A. improve提高；改善；B. test测试；C. teach教授；D. prove证明。根据前文“When I started _7_ in my 30s, I realized r
76、unning was a battle against myself, a battle against my own _8_ and mind.”可知，作者意识到跑步是一场与自己的身体和思想方面的战斗，因此想要通过参加马拉松比赛证明自己。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过了起跑线不久，我的鞋带就松开了。A. untied松开；解开；B. unwrapped拆开（包装）；C. unfitted使不合格；使不适宜；D. uncovered找出；移去（某物的）遮盖物。根据前文主语“my shoe laces”可知，应是鞋带松开了。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：
77、到了17英里，曾经受伤的脚踝疼得厉害。A.wounded受伤的； B. broken破碎的；坏掉的；C. injured受伤的；D. damaged被损坏的。根据空前形容词“the once”，应是“曾经的”，且空后名词为“ankle(脚踝)”，可知，应是指马拉松比赛前受伤的脚踝。故选C项。【28题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管很疼，我还是坚持走了一会儿，然后又跑了起来。A. Despite尽管；即使；B. As作为；以身份；C. With和在一起；具有；D. For为了；关于。根据后文“I stayed the course walking a bit and then running
78、again.”可知，作者不顾伤痛，在跑道上走了一会儿，然后又跑了起来。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我接近23英里时，我看见我的妻子在挥手示意。A. covered覆盖；遮盖；B. did做；C. approached接近；靠近；D. ran跑步。根据后文“I could see my wife”可知，作者应是接近“mile 23”的时候，看到了妻子。故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我接近23英里时，我看见我的妻子在挥手示意。A. mark记号；评价；B. signal信号；C. symbol象征；符号；D. sign姿势；手势。根据句子“I could
79、see my wife waving a _15_”可知，妻子应是在向作者挥手示意。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从不介意凌晨4点的闹钟响。A. liked喜欢；B. minded介意；C. enjoyed喜欢；享受；D. focused关注。根据语境可知，作者参加马拉松比赛，应是凌晨4点起床训练，且结合“She is my biggest fan.”可知，作者的妻子是支持的，并不介意凌晨的闹钟。故选B项。【32题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我是最后一批跑完全程的人之一。但我完成了! A. But但是；B. So因此；C. Or或者；D. As因为；随着。分析可知，前文“
80、I was one of the final runners to finish.”与后文“I finished!”之间为转折关系，作者虽然是最后一批完成马拉松比赛的，但是他做到了。故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我得到了一枚奖章。A. prize奖品；奖金；B. medal奖章；纪念章；C. metal金属；D. honor荣耀。根据后文“I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had”可知作者得到了奖牌。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：下定决心做我自己，摆脱世俗
81、的标签，继续前进，我现在可以称自己为“马拉松冠军”。A. rush跑；冲；B. walk步行；散步；C. move移动；行动；D. drag拖拉；硬拽。根据前文“free of worldly labels”可知，作者通过这次马拉松比赛使自己摆脱了“不是运动型”的标签，这是一种“前进”。move forward，“提步向前；向前发展”，符合语境。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：下定决心做我自己，摆脱世俗的标签，继续前进，我现在可以称自己为“马拉松冠军”。A. runner跑步者；B. believer信徒；C. supporter支持者；D. winner胜利者。根据前文“I
82、realized running was a battle against myself, a battle against my own _8_ and mind.”可知，这次马拉松比赛被作者看作为“对抗自己”的战争，他最终完成了马拉松比赛，是“胜利者”。故选D项。【点睛】复现原则显神通在完型填空题中，巧妙的运用“复现原则”可以大大提高做题的正确率。复现是指正确选项已经在文中以原词，同义词，近义词，同根词等形式存在，是作者和出题人埋下的伏笔和线索。比如文章的第5小题，第9小题和第12小题：He later said that I was “ not _5_ ”.5. A. successfu
83、l B. athletic C. energetic D. active该题答案在后文“The idea that I was “not athletic” _6_ me for years.”中存在原词复现：athletic，因此答案为B项。The night before my _9_ , I dreamt that I couldnt even find the finish line.9. A. match B. contest C. jogging D. marathon该题答案在首句“A month before my first marathon, one of my ankle
84、s was injured.”存在原词复现：marathon，因此答案为D项。By mile 17, the once _12 _ ankle hurt badly.12. A. wounded B. broken C. injured D. damaged该题答案在文章首句“A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured.”存在原词复现：injured，因此答案为C项。第II卷第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容（1个单词）或括
85、号内单词的正确形式。The China Manned Space Agency said the flight of the carrier rocket Long Marck-5B _36_(successful) confirmed the overall design and technologies of the new rocket and also marked the beginning of _37_ third stage in Chinas manned space program, _38_ aims to put a manned space station into
86、orbit.After the maiden flight of the Long March-5B, the core module (核心舱) of the space station,_39_(name) Tianhe, and two experiment capsulesWentian and Mengtian, _40_ （send）into space soon. The assembly of the stations core module has been completed, and the two experiment capsules and the scientif
87、ic payloads are under _41_ (develop). The crew _42_ (member) to participate in the construction of the space station have been selected and are trained for the missions.“No matter _43_ the conditions change, the spirit of self-reliance and hard work should not be lost. Workers in the aerospace secto
88、r should make an effort _44_ (expand) our space exploration and make our country a great space power _45_ soon as possible.” Said Chairman Xi.【答案】36. successfully 37. the 38. which 39. named 40. will be sent 41. development 42. members 43. how 44. to expand 45. as【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国航天载人计划第三阶段的相关情况。【
89、36题详解】考查副词。句意：中国载人航天机构表示，长征- 5B运载火箭的飞行成功地确认了新火箭的总体设计和技术，也标志着中国载人航天计划第三阶段的开始，其目标是将载人空间站送入轨道。此处修饰动词confirm,应该用副词，故填successfully。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：中国载人航天机构表示，长征- 5B运载火箭的飞行成功地确认了新火箭的总体设计和技术，也标志着中国载人航天计划第三阶段的开始，其目标是将载人空间站送入轨道。序数词前面用定冠词“the”，表示第个，the third stage意为第三阶段，符合题意。故填the。【38题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：中国载人航天机构
90、表示，长征- 5B运载火箭的飞行成功地确认了新火箭的总体设计和技术，也标志着中国载人航天计划第三阶段的开始，其目标是将载人空间站送入轨道。分析句子结构，这里是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Chinas manned space program，先行词在从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在长征5B的首次飞行之后，空间站的核心舱“天河号”和两个实验舱“闻天号”和“蒙天号”很快将被送入太空。分析句子结构可知，这里是非谓语动词作定语，修饰“the core module (核心舱) of the space station”，“name”与
91、它之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填named。【40题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在长征5B的首次飞行之后，空间站的核心舱“天河号”和两个实验舱“闻天号”和“蒙天号”很快将被送入太空。结合上下文以及这里的时间状语“soon”，这里应该用一般将来时，主语是核心舱和两个实验舱，跟“send”之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。故填will be sent。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：空间站核心舱的组装已经完成，两个实验舱和科学有效载荷正在研制中。under是介词，后面用名词作宾语。故填development。【42题详解】考查主谓一致和名词的单复数。句意：参与空间站建设的机组人员已经被挑
92、选出来，正在接受执行任务的培训。结合谓语部分的助动词“have”，以及参与空间站建设的人员应该不止一个，所以这里要用复数名词。故填members。【43题详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论情况如何变化，都不能丧失自力更生和艰苦奋斗的精神。no matter +疑问词，引导让步状语从句。结合上下文，而且这里“change”意为改变，是不及物动词。故填how。【44题详解】考查固定短语。句意：“航天部门的工作人员应该努力扩大我们的太空探索，尽快使我国成为太空强国。”习主席说。make an effort to do是固定短语，意为“努力做.”，故填to expand。【45题详解】考查固定短语。句意：
93、“航天部门的工作人员应该努力扩大我们的太空探索，尽快使我国成为太空强国。”习主席说。as soon as possible 意为“尽快”，是固定短语。故填as。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）46.假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike就读的学校要举办一年一度的“中华文化节”，他来信向你征求活动意见，请你写封回信，内容包括：1. 写作目的；2. 活动建议；3. 表示祝愿。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】Dear Mike,So delighted to learn that your school is going to
94、 hold annual “Chinese Culture Festival”, Im here sharing with you some of my advice.Firstly, it would be a good idea to hold a competition about Chinese Poetry Recitation, through which students can taste the charm of the Chinese language. Additionally, a speech concerning Chinese traditional festiv
95、als is highly recommended, as unique customs and traditions behind each festival will undoubtedly keep students spellbound.Im fully convinced that your festival will be a joyful and fruitful activity, which will spread brilliant Chinese culture to a larger extent.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于提纲类作文，要求
96、考生写一封信，给朋友学校要举办的“中华文化节”活动提出建议并给予祝愿。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：三段式：第一段写出写信目的，引出主题；第二段写出具体建议，充实内容；第三段表示祝愿，表达情感。要求：1. 表明写信的目的2. 提出自己对活动的建议3. 表达自己对活动的祝愿第二步:列提纲 （重点单词及词组）be delighted to do (很高兴做某事); annual (一年一次的); Chinese Culture Festival (中华文化节); share with (和分享); its a good idea to do
97、(做某事是个好主意); competition (比赛); Chinese Poetry Recitation (汉诗朗诵); the charm of the Chinese language (中文的魅力); Chinese traditional festival (中国传统节日); recommend (推荐); custom (习俗); tradition (传统); undoubtedly (毫无疑问); keep sb + adj. (使某人保持某种状态); spellbound (入迷的); convinced(坚信的); fruitful (成果丰硕的); spreadto
98、(把传播到); brilliant (精彩的)第三步：连词成句1. So delighted to learn that your school is going to hold annual “Chinese Culture Festival. 2. Im here sharing with you some of my advice.3. It would be a good idea to hold a competition about Chinese Poetry Recitation.4. Students can taste the charm of the Chinese la
99、nguage.5. A speech concerning Chinese traditional festivals is highly recommended.6. Unique customs and traditions behind each festival will undoubtedly keep students spellbound.7. Im fully convinced that your festival will be a joyful and fruitful activity.8. Which will spread brilliant Chinese cul
100、ture to a larger extent.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1. 表文章结构顺序：first of all; to begin with; firstly (本篇文章使用过)/first; secondly/second ; and then; finally; in the end; at last2. 表并列补充关系：Whats more; besides; moreover; furthermore; in addition; additionally(本篇文章使用过); not only but also; as
101、 well as; bothand3. 表转折对比关系：but; however; on the contrary; instead; although; in spite of; on the one hand, on the other hand; some, while others4. 表因果关系：because; because of; for; so; since; thus; therefore; as a result; why 5. 表总结：in short; in a word; in conclusion; in summary; all in all; generall
102、y speaking连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。第五步：润色修改根据写作内容需要，加入高级句式，如名词性从句，定语从句，状语从句等。Firstly, it would be a good idea to hold a competition about Chinese Poetry Recitation. 本句用来提出第一个建议，举办汉诗朗诵。可以使用定语从句，进一步介绍为什么要给出这个建议或学生们能在活动中体验到什么。润色修改为：Firstly, it would be a good idea to hold a competition abou
103、t Chinese Poetry Recitation, through which students can taste the charm of the Chinese language.【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中合理使用了复合句，如：So delighted to learn that your school is going to hold annual “Chinese Culture Festival”，这句话为that引导的宾语从句；which引导的非限制性定语从句Im fully convinced
104、that your festival will be a joyful and fruitful activity, which will spread brilliant Chinese culture to a larger extent.其次，使用了一些固定句型，如：be delighted to do; its a good idea to do; keep sb + adj.等，使语言更加丰富；同时使用了一些高级词汇及短语，如annual; recommend; undoubtedly; spreadto等，让语言更加地道。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外
105、，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。第二节 概要写作（满分25分）47.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。We live in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor. Because of this, most people think that craft (手艺) no longer exists. One of the ways these people wrongly support their view is by pointi
106、ng to 100-year-old homes which are still solid, and arguing that it is the craftsmanship that is responsible for their durability (持久性). “Homes in those days were well-built,” they say. There is no doubt that these homes were well-built, but what these people have done is mix up the quality of mater
107、ial used in the house with the quality of the craftsmanship.Homes today could be built to last just as long as those old homes if people were willing or able to pay the price. For example, more people can no longer afford solid oak stairways, although they were once fairly common in older homes. Nor
108、 can they afford the high labor cost of employing a carpenter to build the stairway. Yet if someone can pay the high cost, there are still plenty of carpenters around able to make those stairways. And not only would these carpenters know how to build them, they would probably do a better job than ca
109、rpenters of old.One thing the modern carpenter has which enables him to do a better job is much more advanced tools. Such tools as laser beams and power planes help them lay out a house better and make more precision cuts (精确切割) on the wood. Also, it is not uncommon any more to find carpenters with
110、college degrees and carpenters with a solid knowledge of mathematics, which would enable them to deal with more difficult house designs.The problem of modern quality, then, really boils down to the problem of material, for the modern carpenter is just as able to produce craftsmanship as the carpente
111、r of fifty years ago, but only if given proper material._【答案】People who think highly of carpenters of ancient hold the view that craft is dead in modern society (要点1). However, carpenters today can still build homes of good or even better quality if they are given proper materials and reasonable pay
112、. (要点2)Additionally, modern carpenters are more knowledgeable and equipped with advanced tools.(要点3) Therefore, they are sure to produce craftsmanship better than, or at least as good as that made in the past. (要点4)【解析】【分析】这是一篇概要写作，要求考生根据所给关于木匠的内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。【详解】完成一篇概要写作，需要经过三个步骤：1.读懂原文，抓住段落主题句。在阅
113、读过程中，需要准确把握文章的段落大意，学会剔除非重要信息，弄清楚不同体裁的文章内部的逻辑关系以及文章的篇章结构。如本文是属于议论文，议论的段落结构多采用总分结构，即作者先提出一个论点，然后段落其他的拓展句都是围绕这个论点进行展开。如第一段的最后一句“There is no doubt that these homes were well-built, but what these people have done is mix up the quality of material used in the house with the quality of the craftsmanship.”
114、作者先提出了很多人把建筑材料的质量与手工艺的质量混为一谈，中间论述，最后总结现代木匠可以比之前的老木匠做得一样好甚至更好。2.组织语言，转换表达，合理合并观点。在找到主题句明确全文中心的基础上，不全盘照抄原文句子，尽量用自己的语言转换表达，组织好语言，注重语言表达的独立性和准确性以及高级性，同时要注意篇幅的比例安排，用较多的文字去表达重要的内容。如本文的第二段主题句“Homes today could be built to last just as long as those old homes if people were willing or able to pay the price.
115、”和最后一段的主题句“The problem of modern quality, then, really boils down to the problem of material”可以转换合并为“carpenters today can still build homes of good or even better quality if they are given proper materials and reasonable pay.”3.通读全文，逻辑连贯。要牢记各段落要点之间的逻辑关系和自然衔接，用恰当的关联词，衔接词去连贯全文，如本文在转折时用了however作为衔接词，最后
116、做总结的时候用了therefore。常见的衔接词有：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing, On the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
