1、Unit2 Working the land语法篇_要求学生掌握本单元的重点语法-动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语并能熟练运用相关语法知识解决相应类型的题。一、动词的-ing形式由“动词原形+ing形式”构成，它既是现在分词形式，也是动名词形式。v-ing能在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。其时态和语态的变化为时态 语态主动被动一般时doing being done完成时having donehaving been done二、动词v-ing形式作主语v-ing形式作主语时，通常表示一般的或抽象的多次行为。1.ving形式直接作主语。 E.g. Smoking
2、is harmful to your health. 吸烟有害健康。 E.g. Being fit helps you to stay focused on your lessons.保持健康有助于你集中精力学习。 2.有时为了避免句子主语过于冗长，通常用it代替v.-ing作形式主语。E.g. Its no use advising him.劝他没用。E.g. Its useless taking this kind of medicine吃这种药没用。 Its fun being an actor.当个演员是有趣的。三、v.ing形式作宾语1.能接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词有advise
3、，avoid，appreciate，consider，delay，deny，dislike，enjoy，escape，finish，forget，keep，imagine，stop，mind，miss，mention，practise，begin，start，like，hate，remember，regret，require，resist，suggest等。E.g. The master keeps thinking about it.主人不停地想这件事。E.g. The tiger missed just being struck.老虎差点儿被打着。趣味提示Mrs. P Black miss
4、ed a bag. P布莱克夫人丢了一个袋子。该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是： M=mind, r=risk, s=succeed in, P=practice B=be busy, l=look forward to, a=admit C=cant help, k=keep (on), m=miss I=insist on, s=suggest, s=stop, e=enjoy, d=delay, a=avoid, b=be worth, aadvise, ggive up 2.有些动词既可跟v.ing形式作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但
5、在语义上却有很大的差别。 go on to do sth.接着又做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做同一件事 remember to do sth.记得要去做某事remember doing sth.记得曾做过某事try to do sth.努力做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事regret to do sth.对将要做的事表示遗憾regret doing sth.对做过的事表示后悔mean to do sth.打算/想做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事3v.ing形式作介词的宾语。 E.g. After taking careful aim, he l
6、et the arrow fly. 仔细瞄准好了后，他把箭射了出去。 We are looking forward to seeing you again.我们盼望再次见到你。 He insisted on doing it in his own way.他坚持用他自己的方式来做这件事。 例1.（2019北京）The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without _.A. recognizing B. being recognized C. having recognized D. having been r
7、ecognized解析：根据句意“那位电影明星戴上墨镜，所以，他去买东西不会被认出来。”根据题中的介词without判断，本题考查非谓语动词作宾语，故此后应该使用动词的动名词形式，由于他是被人认出的，所以应该用动名词的被动式。答案：B。例 2.（2019湖南）_ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.A. Understanding B. To be understood C. Being understood D.
8、 Having understood解析：根据句意“理解你自身的需要及交际风格，同学会表达你的感情和情绪是一样重要”不定式（短语）或动名词（短语）均可作主语，区别在于不定式常表示将来，是特指；而动名词表示一般情况，是泛指。而本句指的是普遍现象，属泛指，故用动名词较好。答案：A。例3. （2019江苏沐阳期末） To avoid on how to use the word, youd better refer to a dictionary.A. to get confused B. getting confused C.to get confusing D. getting confusin
9、g 解析：根据句意“为了避免对使用单词的困惑，你最好参考字典。”本题考查动名词做宾语和形容词。avoid后面接动名词做宾语，排除AC项，confused一般修饰人，confusing一般修饰物。答案：B。例4.（2019天津渤海月考）They considered _ a computer, which was considered _ a great help in their work.A. to buy, to be B. buying, being C. to buy, being D. buying, to be解析：根据句意“他们考虑买计算机，计算机被认为在他们的工作中有很大的帮助
10、。”consider doing意思为“考虑”；consider sth./sb. to be.意思为“把某人或某事看作”。答案：D。例5. （2019天津渤海月考）When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble the right things to say.A. thinking of B.to think of C. thought of D. think of解析：根据句意“当彼得在公共场所讲话时，他总是找不到适当的话说。”本题考查固定搭配，have trouble/difficulty/problems (in)doing sth
11、.做有困难，in可以省略。答案：A。基础演练用所给词的适当形式填空1.-Does Shelly like shopping?-Well, she would rather spend time _ (read) at home than _ (wander) in the street.2. I must remember _ (remind) John that the garden needs _ (water).3.-What made Rodger so upset? -_ (lose) three tickets for the football match.4.-Robert is
12、 indeed a wise man. -Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ (not take) his advice!5. - Can I smoke here? -Sorry. We dont allow _ (smoke) here.6. _ (injure) in the leg made it impossible for him to walk his way home.7. You cannot imagine a child _ (treat) so cruelly.8. He suddenly had the feeling of _
13、 (follow). But when he looked around, there was nobody.9. He tried his best to avoid _ (make) the same mistake.10. We are looking forward to your _ (come) soon.Keys:1-5 reading; wander/to remind; watering或to be watered / Losing/ not taking/ smoking6-10 Being injured/ being treated/ being followed/ m
14、aking/ coming巩固提高根据汉语提示完成句子1._(照顾婴儿) is a troublesome job.2. _(他没来) made everyone present very disappointed.3. You will find it _ (做没有用) it in this way.4. Cherry _(正忙于为做准备) the coming exam.5. He admitted _(已经告诉了他母亲) the bad news. Keys: 1. Taking care of/ Looking after babies2. His not coming3. no us
15、e/useless doing4. is busy (in) preparing/getting ready for5. having told his mother1. Sunday, the students are at home.A. Being B. To be C. It is D. It being2. The boy lay on his back, his teeth and his glaring eyes .A. set; looked B. set; looking C. setting; looked D. setting; looking3. All the thi
16、ng , his proposal is of greater value than yours.A. considered B. considering C.to consider D. consider4. _who she was, she said she was Mr. Johnsons friend.A. Asking B. Asked C. To be asked D. When asking5. He hurried to the station, _the 9:30 train had already left.A.to find B. found C. only to fi
17、nd D. only finding6.Which do you enjoy your weekends, fishing or watching TV?A. spending B.to spend C. being spent D. spend7._all my letters, I had a drink and went out.A. Finished B. Having finished C. Finishing D. To finish8.She had no money a birthday present for her children.A.to buy with B. buy
18、ing C. bought D. with which to buy9.From the dateson the gold coin, it is confirmed that it was made five hundred years ago.A. marking B. marked C.to be marked D. having been marked10. time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only 3 fingers and a thumb.A. To save
19、 B. Saved C. Saving D. Having saved11. ONeal works hard. He is often seen heavily before his teammates start.A. sweated B.to be sweated C. sweating D. being sweated12.I can hardly imagine Peteracross the Atlantic Ocean in 15 days.A. sail B.to sail C. sailing D.to have sailed13. Such the case, I coul
20、dnt help but him.A. being; support B. is; to support C. has been; supporting D. be; supported14. Does the way you thought of the water clean make any sense?A. making B.to make C. how to make D. having made15. In order not to be disturbed, I spent three hours in my study.A. locking B. locked C.to loc
21、k D. being lockedKeys:1-5.DBABC 6-10.BBDBA 11.-15CCABB_一、单项选择1. -Im sorry, Im late. -_, we have a few minutes left. A. You dont sorryB. Not sorry C. Never mindD. You shouldnt sorry. 2. It is well known that Thomas Edison _ the electric lamp. A. invented B. discovered C. found D. developed 3. Sugar i
22、s not an important element in bread, but flour is _. A. unique B. essential C. natural D. adequate 4. He is very good at carpentering, though _. A. he was very youngB. very young C. he very youngD. is very young 5. I will answer the teachers question when _. A. I ask B. I will be asked C. asked D. I
23、 shall be asked 6. Fruit juice can be harmful _ childrens teeth. A. forB. toward C. with D. to7. My chest _ when I take a deep breath, doctor. A. hurts B. wounds C. harms D. injure 8. The foreign teacher Mr. Halt has a strange way of writing. Heres a notice for him, but no clear_ of what he has writ
24、ten can be made at all. A. explanation B. meaning C. sense D. idea 9. The fellow felt rather _ as he was the only person that wore sportswear at the party. A. in place B. out of place C. by the way D. in the way 10. _ on the snake led to his own death. A. The farmers taking pity B. The farmer taking
25、 C. The farmer took D. The farmer to take11. Not until all the fish die in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers realized D. didnt the villagers realize12. With the development of our country, more and more students _ to un
26、iversity. A. admit to B. admitted to C. are admitted D. are admitted to 13. - Brad was Janes brother! - _ he reminded me so much of Jane! A. No doubt B. Above all C. No wonder D. Of course 14. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smel
27、ling C. smelt D to be smelt 15. New York, _ last year, is a nice old city. A. that I visited B. which I visited C. where I visited D. in which I visited 二、阅读理解、I spent the first eight years of my education in a small. However, in the ninth grade I moved to a huge public high school. I went from a cl
28、ass of 30 kids to a class of almost 100! I was shy and did not have much experience of socializing. I felt invisible there.They had a tradition in this class. On your birthday everyone would sing “Happy Birthday to You” and then members of the opposite sex would line up and give you a hug. My birthd
29、ay was early in the school year, and since I didnt know anyone to tell I figured that no one would notice. Little did I know that the teacher had looked at the school records and knew about my birthday. On my birthday I suddenly found myself at the center of everyones attention. Before I knew what w
30、as happening, everyone was singing to me and I had a bunch of girls waiting to give me a hug!I was completely confused. My heart was racing! It wasnt until the fourth or fifth hug that I realized what I was saying “Happy Birthday” in a shy voice during each embrace. I tried to stop, but my brain I w
31、as so busy that I couldnt control my mouth. Each girl gave me a wish, and I gave her the same in return.Later, whenever we greeted each other with a hug we would say. “Happy Birthday”.1. By saying “I felt invisible there”, the writer meant that he was not _.A. independentB. importantC. noticedD. exc
32、ited2. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The writer was still being laughed at by his classmates.B. The writer had completely become a part of the class.C. Wishing his classmates a happy birthday had become a habit of the writer.D. The writer didnt mind people playing jokes on him.3. Where is the passage probably taken from?A. A piece of news B. A story book C. An advertisement D. A research bookKeys:一、单项选择、1-5.CABBC 6-10. DACBA 10-15.ACCBB1-3 CBB
