1、Book 1 Unit 4 知识点一、 重点单词1. burst vt.&vi. (burst, burst) （使）爆裂；爆发 n. 突然破裂；爆发burst in/into 闯入，突然破门而入 burst out crying/laughing burst into tears/laughter 突然哭起来/笑起来He burst into the room without knocking at the door, which made me very angry.他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。2. ruin n.C（pl.）废墟； U毁灭（1） in ruins 严重受损；变为废
2、墟 （2）ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡 ruin ones health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake; which made us awake all night.地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。3. injure vt. 损害；伤害（1） injured adj. 受伤的 the injured 伤员 （2） injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害 do sb. an injury/ do an injury to sb. 伤害某人4. bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋
3、；隐藏；使专心 be buried in= bury oneself in 专心于 Because he was buried in his books, he didnt know it was raining outside.由于他埋头于书本，所以不知道外面下雨了。表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有：be devoted to be lost/engaged/absorbed in focus/concentrate on fix/concentrate ones attention on5. judge n. 裁判员；法官 vt. 判定；判断；判决（1） judgefrom/by 从来判断
4、（2） Judging by/from 根据判断温馨提示：judging from/by 用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。Judging from the number of cars, he thought there were not many people at the club yet.常言道，我们不能以貌取人。As the saying goes, “We should never judge a person by/from his looks.”6. at an end 结束；终结by the end of 到结束时，
5、到时候 come to an end 结束 make（both）ends meet 使收支相抵，量入为出 end up doing sth. 以做结束When the journey was at an end, everybody felt tired and hungry.7. a (great) number of 许多；大量的a (great/large/small ) number ofa great/good many +复数名词+谓语动词用复数quite a fewa great deal of +不可数名词+谓语动词用单数 a great/large amount of 但gr
6、eat amounts of+不可数名词+谓语动词用复数a lot of/lots ofa great/large quantity of +复数名词+谓语动词用复数masses of +不可数名词+谓语动词用单数 plenty of many a + 可数名词单数(谓语动词用单数)二、 重点句型1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.句法分析：（1） too+adj./adv.(for sb.)+to do sth. 表示否定的意义，意思是“太而不能”（2） 当tooto用来修饰表
7、达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词如anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等时，不定式表示肯定意义。（3） cant/can nevertoo再怎么也不过分He was too eager to know the result of his examination. 他迫切想知道考试的结果。You cant be too careful when you do your homework.2. It seemed as if the world was at an end!句法分析：It seemed/seems (to sb.) t
8、hat/as if“（对某人来说）似乎”（1） as if从句用陈述语气从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的（2） as if从句用虚拟语气从句用一般过去时（与现在事实相反）be(were)从句用过去完成时（与过去事实相反）从句用would/could/might do形式（与将来事实相反）Hurry up! It looks as if the train is going to move.It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I had done it?温馨提示：如果as if引导的从句中的主语
9、和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词（短语）、介词短语或分词。She walked here and there on the playground as if (she was) looking for something. 3. All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。句法分析：该句是表示部分否定的句型。 allnot=not all，意为“并非所有的都”（1） 部分否定用法 含“全部/所有/任何”等意义的词与not连用，如：all, both, everything等（2） 全部否定用法 否定意义的词(组)如： no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer, no way与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。
