1、2013版英语一轮精品复习学案：Unit1 Friendship（新人教版必修1）【高考新动向】【考纲全景透析】【重点单词】1、upset adj。心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt。使不安；使心烦；弄翻；打翻；打乱，扰乱（计划等）（sth）upset sb. 某事使某人心烦意乱（sb.）upset sth. 某人打/弄翻某物 upset a plan 打乱计划be upset about/over/at sth. 为某事烦心upset ones stomach 使肠胃不适 His strange behaviour upset his father.他的奇怪行为使他父亲很伤心。 Dont up
2、set yourself about the exam.不要为考试烦恼。 It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.让他不高兴的是，谁也没有把这件事告诉他。It upset me to think of her all alone in that in big house.想到孤身一人守着那所大房子，我感到很不舒服。温馨提示：（1）upset为表语形容词，非定语形容词（2）upset的过去式和过去分词仍为upset（3）upset的现在分词为upsetting来源:Z#xx#k.Com即景活用：The proteste
3、rs the meeting by shouting and throwing stones at the windows.来源:学_科_网A attending B held C upset D mixed【解析】选C。句意为：抗议者们大喊大叫并不断向窗子扔石头打乱了会议。Upset打乱；attend参加；hold举办，容纳；mix混合2. calmcalm vt.& vi.（使）平静，（使）镇定；adj.平静的，镇静的。calm down vi.平静下来 calm sb down 使某人平静下来He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down他
4、深深地吸了几口气，使自己平静下来。The crying child soon calmed down哭闹的小孩不多一会就安静下来【拓展延伸】【点拨】：calm, quiet, silent, stillcalm 指气候、海洋“风平浪静的”，指人“从容镇静的”。例如：The sky is blue, and the sea is calm.天空碧蓝，海上风平浪静。Although she was frightened, she answered with a calm voice.虽然她害怕，但还是用平静的声音回答quiet 侧重于因无骚扰产生的“安静、无动静、无声响”。例如：Be quiet,
5、 please. 别吵闹，请安静下来He had a quiet life in the countryside. 他在乡间过着安静的生活。silent 意为“寂静无音的”、“沉默无言的”，指人沉默不语或地方一片静寂。例如：The house is empty and silent.房子里空无一人，寂静无声。A silent man likes to stay in a silent place.沉默寡言的人喜欢呆在安静的地方。still 指“静止的、一动不动的、寂静的”，侧重于静止不动和完全无声，带有感情色彩。例如：All sounds are still.万籁俱寂。The Swede st
6、ood quite still, except that his lips moves slightly.那个瑞典人纹丝不动地站着，只有嘴唇在轻轻蠕动。【即境活用】Keep calm/quiet/silent/still.填空对比：Keep_ 保持镇静（别慌）。Keep _ 保持安静（别吵）。Keep_. 保持沉默（别说话）。Keep_ 保持静止（别动）。【答案】calm quiet. silent still.3. ignoreignore vt. 不理睬；忽视。例如：I made a suggestion, but she .ignored it. 我提了个建议，可是她不理睬【拓展延伸】i
7、gnorant adj.无知的；无学识的；愚昧的ignorance n. 无知, 愚昧ignorance of 对-无知Children often behave badly out of ignorance.孩子们往往出于无知而不守规矩【即境活用】- So you didnt say“hello” to him last night?-Well, I stopped and smiled when I saw him, but he _me and walked on.A. ignored B. refused C. denied D. missed【解析】A 考查动词辨析。Ignore不理
8、会；refuse拒绝；deny否定；miss错过，想念。4. concern n.u 关心，担忧；C关心的人（或）事（1）It is no concern of mine/yours. 这不关我、你的事。（2）concerned adj. 关心的，关切的，担忧的；焦虑的（位于名词之前）；相关的（位于名词之前）as/so far as.be concerned 就而言；依之见be concerned about/for sth 担心.；关心.be concerned in/with 与.有关be concerned over/at sth 为某事忧虑（3）concerned oneself ab
9、out/ for 担忧 ，关心（4）concerning prep. 关于，有关There is growing concern about violence on television.人们对电视上的暴力内容日见忧虑 The President is deeply concerned about this issue.总统对这个问题深感担忧 He asked several questions concerning the future of the company.他问了几个有关公司前途的问题This chapter concerns itself with the historical
10、background.本章旨在讲述历史背景温馨提示：concerned 用作形容词时意为“担忧的；关心的”；用作后置定语意为“相关的；有关的”。另外concerning 用作介词时意为“关于；对于”即景活用：What the public is about is whether medical workers and scientists will be able to find a cure for this new disease in a short time . A concerning B concen C concerned D to concern【解析】选C.句意为：公众关心的
11、是医疗工作者和科学加们能否在短期内找到治疗这种新疾病的方法。Be concerned about 担心，关心；concerning 为介词，意为“关于”，与题意不符。5. settle vt. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居，安排；解决典例 1). He settled his child in a corner of the compartment. 他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。2). The family has settled in Canada. 这家人已定居加拿大。3). Both wanted to settle their scores. 双方都愿意捐弃前嫌。重点用法set
12、tle down 镇定下来 settle in 在定居，settle on 选定，决定；settled adj.稳定的，舒适自在的【即境活用】中译英1). 都十一点了，她安不下心来工作。_2). 题目这么难，谁能解决？_答案: 1). Its eleven oclock now, but she cannot settle to work. 2). Since it is so difficult, who can settle this problem?6.suffer v.遭受；忍受；经历 Many companies are suffering from a shortage of sk
13、illed stuff.许多公司苦于缺乏熟练的员工。 He suffered a massive heart attack .他心脏病发作很严重。 The Republican Party has just suffered a huge defeat in the polls recently.共和党在最近的投票选举中遭到了惨败即景活用：As a result of the severe earthquake in Wenchuan ,the whole city great losses.A have suffered from B suffered C have suffeded D s
14、uffered from 【解析】选B.suffer作及物动词，意为“受苦（痛、损失）”，其后常跟抽象名词，如pain，loss，grief等。suffer from 后常跟某种疾病，意为“受.折磨，受.之苦”。【重点短语】1. add up 加起来，合计典例 1). Add up your scores and see how many points you can get. 把你的得分加起来，看看你能得几分。2). Tom, what do ten, twenty and five add up to?汤姆，10，20和5加起来是多少？短语归纳add to . 把什么加入中来源:学科网ZX
15、XKadd to 增加，加强（多用于抽象意义）add up to 加起来是【即境活用】用add的适当形式或构成的词组填空1). Will you _ some more students to this project? 2). Small numbers _ a large one. 3). 50 _ 50 equals 100. 答案: 1). add 2). add up to 3). added2. go through 经历；经受（1）go after 追赶go against 违反，与不符go ahead 先走；开始做，着手干go by 逝去，过去go off 离开；爆炸go on
16、 上场；继续；流逝go over 检查（2）pass through 走过；路过live through 经历look through 浏览；往.里面看pull through （大病、手术后）康复I always start the day by going through my e-mail.我每天总是先看电子邮件 Hes amazingly cheerful considering all hes gone through.经历了种种磨难，他还是那么乐观，令人惊叹。 Things will get easier as time goes by.随着时间的推移情况会有所改善即境活用：May
17、be there are some things among the girls papers ,like her school reports,old photos and so on ,Can you them and give me whatever you find ?A go through B go after C go into D go with【解析】选A 。go through 在本句中是“仔细检查”的意思。go after 追赶；go into 进入；go with 与.持同一看法，与某物相配3. set down 放下，记下；登记set about （doing sth
18、.）着手（做某事）set aside 留出；不顾set back （把钟等）往后拨；推迟set free 释放；解放set off 动身，出发（去某地）；使爆炸set out动身，出发；着手；安排，组织set up 开办；建立；设立 set an example树立榜样set fire to =set.on fire 纵火Passengers may be set down and picked up only at the official stops.乘客只有在正式车站方可上下车The bad weather set back the building programme by sever
19、al weeks.由于天气恶劣，建筑计划延误了几星期We need to set about finding a solution.我们的着手寻找一个解决办法温馨提示：set about和set out都可作“开始着手做某事”讲，但set about后加doing sth。而set out 后加to do sth即境活用：That evening he what he had thought about the research.A set about ;set down B set about ;to set down C set out ;setting down D set out ;t
20、o set down【解析】选D.set about doing sth。= set out to do sth. “开始着手做某事”；set down“记下，写下”4. in order to【基础过关】 in order to目的是，为了（引导目的状语）。so as to也是引导目的状语，in order to可位于句首或句中，so as to只位于句中，也可以分开，so-as to。它们的否定式均为在to前加not例如：She arrived early in order to/so as to get a good seat.她早早到场，好找个好位置。In order to get a
21、 complete picture further information is needed.为掌握全面情况，还需要详细资料Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.悄悄进去，别把宝宝吵醒He was so careless as to leave his car unlocked.提示：他如此粗心大意，竟然没有把车锁上。soas to意为“如此以至于”，引导的是结果状语。【拓展延伸】so that, in order that 引导的目的状语从句,此时从句中需加情态动词may,might,could,can等，可以和in order to, so a
22、s to 转化；He works hard so that/in order that he could keep up with his classmates.= He works hard in order to/so as to keep up with his classmates=In order to keep up with his classmates, he works hard【即境活用】He kept quiet about punishment _be laughed at by his colleagues.A. so not as to B. so as not t
23、o B. so as to not D. not so as to【答案】B 考查not在so as to中的位置。5. get along with 与某人相处；(工作的) 进展典例1). He is not easy-going. Its very hard to get along with him 他不是个随和的人，很难相处。2). How are you getting along with your work? 工作进展如何？短语归纳get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 与相处得好/不好，进展顺利/不顺利get away离开，逃离get dow
24、n下来；写下，取下get down to (doing)开始认真干get over克服，摆脱get through通过，做完 get together聚集【即境活用】中译英1). 你现在和同事相处得好不好? _2). 她已重新获得从前那份工作。_答案: 1). Are you getting along well with your colleagues?2). Shes got her old job back.6. join in 参加；加入join up 入伍，参军join up with (sb.)(与某人)联合，会合join hands（with sb.）(与某人)拉起手；合伙，联合
25、辨析：join/join in /take part in/attend/participatejoin 表示“加入党派、组织、社团、俱乐部”等，如join the Party/Youth League/army/club/organization入党/参军/加入俱乐部/加入组织join in 表示“参加正在进行的活动”，如join in a game/discussion/conversation/walk 参加游戏/讨论/散步。亦可说：join sb. In (doing) sth.表示 “加入某人一起做某事 ”take part in 表示“参加会议、活动”，侧重说明主语参加并发挥一定作
26、用，part 前若有修饰语，要用不定冠词，如take(an active) part in a party /schoolactivities/physical labour (积极)参加聚会/学校活动/体力活动attend 表示“出席或参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼，上课，上学，听报告”，如attend a meeting/a sports meeting /a concert/a show/school/a lecture 参加会议/运动会/出席音乐会/出席展览会/上学/听演讲participate 为正式用语，和介词in连用，表示积极地参与She listens but she nev
27、er join in.她只是听，但从来不参与。Our teacher often joins us in singing and dancing.老师经常与我们一起唱歌跳舞How many countries took part in the 29th Olympic Game in Beijing?有多少国家参加了第二十九届北京奥运会？Our children attend the same school.我们的孩子上同一所学校。即境活用：My sister the League last month and she has decided to the activity to help t
28、he aged next week.A joined ;join in B joined in ;join C joined ;join D joined in; join in 【解析】选A.join 表示参加党派、团体、组织等；join in表示参加某种活动 【重点句型】1. It/This/That is the + 序数词 + time that (1) It/This/That is the + 序数词 + time thatThis/That/It is the first/second/third time .这是某人第一次/第二次/第三次做某事。该结构中，that引导的从句为定
29、语从句，通常用完成时态。time亦可为其它名词所替代例如：This is the first time (that) Ive felt really relaxed for months. 几个月来这是头一次我真的感到轻松了It was the third time that he has fallen in love that year. 这是他那一年第三次谈恋爱了Thats the 17th beer (that) youve drunk this evening. 那可是你今天晚上喝的第十七杯啤酒了【拓展延伸】 It/This/That is the best/worst/most in
30、teresting +名词 + that 这是某人最。此句型中，先行词被最高级词修饰，定语从句要用相应的完成时态。例如：Its one of the most instructive books that I have seen. 它是我看过的其中一本最有教育意义的书That was the best film that I have seen. 那是我看过的最好的一部电影。【点拨】上面两个句型中的定语从句，可用现在完成时态，也可用过去完成时态，请问如何确定？ 举例说明来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K提示：当主句的谓语为is或will be时，that从句常用现在完成时态；当主句谓语用was时，
31、则that从句用过去完成时态例如：This will be the third time I have been to the Great Wall.这将会是我第三次去长城That was the worst weather we had ever had in the past ten years.那是十年来我们遇到的最恶劣的天气【即境活用】1、It will be the first time that I _ to America.来源:学科网A. have gone B. have been C. go D. will go【答案】A 考查此句型的时态。当主句的谓语为is或will b
32、e时，that从句常用现在完成时态；当主句谓语用was时，则that从句用过去完成时态2. 强调句型基本结构 It is/was+被强调部分+that/who/whom+其他成分【基础过关】It is/was+被强调部分+that/who/whom+其他成分如：原句： I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.昨天我在车站碰见了李明。强调主语：It was I that/who met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.强调宾语：It was Li Ming that/whom I met at
33、 the railway station yesterday强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.【拓展延伸】注意：(1)在这种强调句式中，一般用that引出句子的其他成分。如果被强调的部分是表示人的意义的名词时，可以用who代替that引出句子的其他成分；如果被强调的部分是表示事物意义的名词时，用that引出句子的其他部分。但是，无论被强调的部分是地点状语还是时间状语，都
34、不可以用where或者when.如：It is that man who/that teaches our English.(2)原句的谓语动词时态是一般过去时、过去进行时、和过去完成时，用It was-,其他时态用It is-.如：It was my telephone number that Miss White happened to know.怀特小姐碰巧知道到的就是我的电话号码（3）对“not-until-“这一结构进行强调时，一般使用”It is/was not until-that-“这一句型进行强调。如：I didnt go home until the rain stoppe
35、d.直到雨停了我才回家强调句为：It was not until the rain stopped that I went home.(4)被强调的部分是人称代词，如其在原句中作主语，则应该用该人称代词的主格形式；如果作宾语，则用其宾格形式It was she(her) who told the police.就是她报告警察的It was you who we were talking about.(5)强调句的一般疑问句句型： Is/Was+it+that/who/whom-?Was it ten years ago that his father died?(6)强调句的特殊疑问句型：疑问
36、句+is/was+it+that/who/whom-?When is it that you will setoff?你到底什么时候出发？【点拨】a.强调句型的结构不难掌握，要想准确使用它，须明确一点：去掉It is/was-that-结构不会对句子的完整性造成影响，这是区分它与其他句子的一个重要标志It was I who advised him not to do it.去掉后：I advised him not to do it.(完整句)b. 强调句型容易与主语从句、状语从句、同位语从句和定语从句混淆It is quite clear that we need more practic
37、e.很显然，我们需要多实践此句看上去像是强调句型的句子，而实际上，它是主语从句。It在句中充当形式主语，真正的主语为that所引导的从句。判断的理由为去掉It be-that结构后，原句不完整。再如：It was at about 12 oclock that the fire was put out.大火在大约12点扑灭了大火。（强调句型）It ws about 12 oclock when the fire was put out. 扑灭大火的时候大约在12点（定语从句）3. with so many clothes on 【基础过关】with引导的独立主格结构也称为with的复合结构，基
38、本构成为：with+宾语+宾语补足语。宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等。With复合结构在句中常作状语表示原因，方式、伴随、条件等，也可以再句中作定语。He is used to sleeping with the window open.（with+n.+adj）The teacher came into the classroom with a book in his hand.(with+n.+介词)The girl felt very safe with her mother standing behind her.（with+n.+现在分词）
39、-名词可以发出该动作。With all the things finished, she went out to play.（with+n.+过去分词）-名词为动作的承受者。With so many books to read, I have no time to chat with you（with+n.+不定式）.【拓展延伸】with的复合结构中的with去掉即为独立主格结构【即境活用】With a lot of problems _,the new government is now having a hard time.A. solving B. to solve C. solve D
40、. having solved【答案】B 考查with复合结构。Problem 和solve为动宾结构，且未发生。【语法核心记忆】直接引语变间接引语:定义：我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，被引用的部分称为直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引号内，不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句联接一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化1.陈述句变为以 that 引导的宾语从句例如： He said, “Im very glad.”来源:学,科,网 He said that he was very glad. 2.一般疑问句变为if(whe
41、ther)引导的宾语从句。例如： He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John?” He asked whether (if) John could come that afternoon. 3. 特殊疑问句变为由who, what, when等疑问词引导的宾语从句例如： He said, “Where is Mr. Wang?” He asked where Mr. Wang was.二、 人称的变化【点拨】人称的变化一般遵循“一同主，二随宾，三不变”这一原则，例如：“I went to the Great Wall yesterday,” Li H
42、ua said. Li Hua said that he had gone to the Great Wall the day before.“Ill come to help you whenever you need my help,” he answered her.He answered her that he would come to help her whenever she needed his help.She said to me, “Your pronunciation is better than his.”She told me that my pronunciati
43、on was better than his.三、.时态变化 主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化，总的原则是向过去推一个时态时态的变化来源:学科网ZXXK例 句一般现在时一般过去时She said, “I need a calculator.” She said that she needed a calculator.现在进行时过去进行时Jim said, “Im expecting a long distance call.” Jim said that he was expecting a long distance call.一般将来时过去将来时Nanc
44、y said, “Ill call again later.” Nancy said that she would call again later.一般过去时过去完成时He said, “I took it home with me.” He said that he had taken it home with him.现在完成时过去完成时Paul said, “Our team has won the match.” Paul said that their team had won the match.过去完成时过去完成时He said, “I had finished my home
45、work before supper.” He said that he had finished his homework before supper. 四、 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化变化形式例句指示来源:Z|xx|k.Com代词thisthat来源:Zxxk.ComShe said, “She is coming this week.” She said that she was coming that week.thesethoseHe said, “These books are mine.” He said those books were his.时间状语nowth
46、enHe said, “Its ten oclock now.” He said that it was ten oclock then.todaythat dayHe said, “I havent seen her today.” He said that he hadnt seen her that day.tonightthat nightShe said, “Ill come again tonight.” She said that she would go again that night.yesterdaythe day beforeHe said, “This happene
47、d yesterday.” He said that had happened the day before.时间状语nowthenHe said, “Its ten oclock now.” He said that it was ten oclock then.todaythat dayHe said, “I havent seen her today.” He said that he hadnt seen her that day.tonightthat nightShe said, “Ill come again tonight.” She said that she would g
48、o again that night.yesterdaythe day beforeHe said, “This happened yesterday.” He said that had happened the day before.three days agothree days beforeShe said, “I arrived two days ago.”She said that she had arrived two days before.tomorrowthe next daythe following dayShe said, “Hell be back tomorrow
49、.” She said that he would be back the next day.next weekthe next weekShe said, “Ill do it next week.” She said that she would do it the next week.地点状语herethereShe said, “He came here to see Tom.” She said that he had gone there to see Tom.动词come/bringgo/takeHe said, “I brought it home with me.” He s
50、aid he had taken it home with him. 【拓展延伸】 直接引语变为间接引语时时态不作改变的情况 主句的谓语动词为现在或将来时态，从句的时态无需变化例如： He says, “Im tired.” He says that he is tired. He will say, “The boy was lazy.” He will tell you that the boy was lazy. 当直接引语是客观真理时，不受时间的限制，因此不需要变化时态。Our geography teacher said to us, “The earth goes round th
51、e sun.”Our geography teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 直接引语是一般过去时，并且和具体的过去时间连用，时态不作改变She said, “I was born in 1995.”She said that she was born in 1995.【典型例题】（1）Living things are dying out quickly. Lets ask _ destroying them in the past years. A. what part people have been playing B.
52、 people have played in C. what part people have played in D. people have been playing what part 【解析】C。注意宾语从句的引导词和语序（2）Can you tell me_? A. what the matter is B. what matter it is C. whats the matter D. the matter is what 【解析】C 对主语提问，陈述句要和疑问句语序一致。（3）The physics teacher said the earth _around the sun.
53、 A. is moving B. moved C. had moved D. moves 【解析】D 地球围绕太阳转是客观事实，故用一般现在时【语法专练】1.Mother asked the youngest kid_with his car.A. what the matter B. What was the matterC. what the matter is D. what is the matter2. The tourist asked the guide what he_visit the next day.A. was going to B. will C. is going
54、in D. is to3. The teacher told us that light_faster than sound.A. traveled B. had traveled C. is traveling D.travels4. Tom hanks told his teacher that he_born in 1968.A. was B. had been C. is D. has been5. Linda asked Amy_she could tell her the general ideas of the poem.A. that B. whether C. what D.
55、 how6.My brother said to me, “Im going to have a holiday next week.” My brother _ _ _ _going to have a holiday the next week.7.Mother said to me, “What are you doing in the room?”Mother asked me_ _ _ _ in the room.8.He asked, “ Can I borrow your bike?” He asked _ _ _ borrow my bike9.Tom said to me,
56、“ Do you like football?” Tom asked me _ _ _football10.She said to me, “ I went over my lessons last night.” She told me _ _ _over her lessons the night before.参考答案：1-5 BADAB6.told me he was7.what I was doing8.if he could9.if I liked 10.she had gone【高考零距离】1、（2012浙江卷17）Ellen was a painter of birds and
57、 of nature, _, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.A. whichB. whoC. whereD. whom17.【答案】B【解析】who引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中做主语，修饰先行词Ellen（人名）。Which修行先行词是物的定语从句；whom修饰先行词为人，且在从句中做宾语；where修饰先行词是地点名词，且在从句中地点状语，均不符合语境，故排除。2、（2012安徽卷31）. Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if sh
58、e there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.A. lives B. would live C. having asked D. Were to live【答案】D 【解析】在表示将来的情况下，主句中第一人称可用should，其他人称用would；从句中任何人称都用should,不可用would.3.（2011四川卷T7）.To get a better grade, you should _the notes again before the test.A. go over B. get over C. turn ove
59、r D. take over【解析】选A 考查动词短语。句意为:为了考个好分数，考试前你应该把笔记再复习一遍。go over 复习，温习；get over 克服，摆脱；turn over翻身，翻转；take over接替，接管。故选A.4.（2010浙江卷T12）After that, he knew he could any emergency by doing what be could to the best of his ability.Aget away withBget on with Cget through Dget across【解析】选C。本题考查与get相关的短语辨析。分
60、析四个选项的意思：get away with侥幸逃脱；get on with与有好相处；get through接通，顺利通过，完成；get across被理解，越过。根据语境：经过那件事之后，他明白了他能尽一切可能去顺利解决任何突发情况。5.（2009陕西卷T18. ）This is the first time we a film in the cinema together as a family. A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen 【解析】选D考查动词时态。the+序数词+time引导的时间状语从句中动词时态用完成时，有参照动词is可知此处用现
61、在完成时，选D。6.（2009江西卷T6. ）It was _ he came bank from Africa that wear _ he met the girl he would like to marry. A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when 【解析】C 强调句型。根据It is that 结构可知。7.（2008天津卷T8. ）It was along the Mississippi River _ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B.
62、 which C. that D. where【解析】选C。强调句的基本用法。可以把 It was-that 去掉，句子意思完整，排除B,可知为强调句型。【考点提升训练】听力（略）单项选择21.【2012届河北省普通高考模拟】-Alice，shall we go for_walk by_lake? -Sounds goodA. a：a B.不填；a C.不填；the D. a；the22.【2012届北京海淀区高三一模】22. -How was your holiday?-It couldnt have been _. I just stayed in the hotel because it
63、 was raining most of the time.A. boring B. more boring C. most boring D. less boring23. The mother opened the door quietly so as not to _ the sleeping baby. A. upset B. interruptC. disturb D. release24. Mr. Smith almost broke down by the _of unfortunate events that happened to him.A. range B. variet
64、y C. series D. list25.-What has made Mary so_? -Losing her new bicycle.A. worrying B. troublesome C. upset D.hurried26. He came here to discuss it with you. A. on purpose B. by chance C. for purpose D. on design27. _ with the accident, he was forced to resign. A. Concerned B. Concerning C. Having co
65、ncernedD. Be concerned28. My new secretary was very quick; she _ a lot of work in one morning. A. got over B. got across C. got round D. got through世纪金榜世纪金榜29Admiral （海军上将） Hu Yanlin said that security demands required China to have its own aircraft carrier, and _ any country had the right to build
66、oneAwhich Bthat CwhatDwhether30.Friends have trouble remembering _ that Kevin Durant did for fun, other than basketballAwhere it was Bwhat it was世纪金榜Chow it was Dwhy it was31.He told me a piece of news, _ terrible. A. I think it is B. I think which isC. which I think it is D. which I think is世纪金榜32.
67、 My English teachers humor was _ make every student burst into laughter. A. so as to B. such that C. so that D. such as to33. Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. A. when B. thatC. before D. until34. Do you think our great ship will the hurricane?A
68、live with Bgo through Cdie from Dlive through35. Mary, dont you believe your sister?Yes. I believe _ she says.A. however B. no matter how C. whatever D. no matter what三、完形填空（2012重庆一中月考）第二节 完形填空，共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分。From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge o
69、f ourselves and the world about us. When humans first 36 they were like newborn children, unable to use this 37 tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for mankinds future 38_ and cultural growth increased. Many language experts believe that evolution is 39 for our ability to produce an
70、d use language. They 40 that our highly evolved brain provides us 41 an innate (天生的) language ability not found in lower 42 . Proponents(倡议者) of this innateness theory say that our 43 for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually 44_ a function of the growth of the brain during
71、 childhood. Therefore, there are critical 45_ times for language development. Current 46 of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 47_ , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 48 _grades
72、. Young children often can learn several languages by being 49 to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 50 of their first language have become firmly fixed. 51 some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum(
73、真空). Children who have been 52 _from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that 53 with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some language experts believe that this is even more basic to human language 54_ than any innate capacities. These theorist
74、s view language as imitative, learned behavior. 55 children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their childs language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.36.A.generatedB. evolved C.born D.originated37.
75、A. valuable B.appropriate C. convenientD. favorite38.A. achievementsB. likelihoodC. entertainmentsD. evolution39.A. essentialB. availableC.reliableD. responsible40.A. confirmB. inform C. claim D. convince41.A.forB. fromC. of D. with42.A. organizations B.organismsC.humans D. children43.A. potentialB.
76、 performanceC. preferenceD. passion44.A.as B. just as C. like D. unlike45.A. ideological B. biologicalC. socialD. psychological46.A. reviews B. reference C. reaction D.recommendation47.A. In a word B.In a sense C. IndeedD. In other words48.A. various B. different C. the higherD. the lower49.A. revea
77、ledB.exposedC. engagedD. involved50.A. regulationsB. formationsC.rules D.constitutions51.A. AlthoughB. WhehterC. Since D.When52.A. distinguishedB.differentC. protectedD.isolated53.A. expositionB. comparisonC. contrastD. interaction54.A. acquisition B. comparison C. requirementD. alternative55. A. As
78、 a result B. After all C. In other wordsD. Above all四、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）. 阅读理解 （2012安徽省蚌埠三中高三第一次质量检测）ASaya, the teacher doesnt mind being pinched(掐), or if the students play in class: shes a robot designed to show children that science and technology can be fun subjectsSaya, a lifelike female w
79、ho started her career as a robot receptionist at Japanese companies and was then reprogrammed to teach, gave a lesson to fifth graders at Tokyos Kudan Elementary school after being carried to the podium in the classroomProfessor Hiroshi Kobayashi, who built Saya, says shes not meant to replace human
80、 teachers, but to bring the joy of technology to children. “Were not looking at making something that will take over from teachers. Our main reason for building this robot is to use new technology to teach children about technology,” he said. “But Saya may be able to help in schools where theres a s
81、hortage of teachers,” he added. “In the countryside and in some small schools, children dont have the chance to come into contact with new technology and also few teachers there can teach these lessonsSo we hoped to be able to develop this robot to be remotely controlled to teach these classes.”Many
82、 of the children were attracted by Saya, and didnt take their eyes off her throughout the lecture. When class was over, some students pinched her. “ Its so much more fun than regular classes,” said 10-year-old Nanako IijimaThe childrens human teacher, however, was not as impressed with the robot as
83、her students. “I am impressed that theyve got robots to go this far, but on the other hand they still have a long way to go before they can make it a truly robotic teacher.” Akito Fukuda, the schools science teacher saidJapan, home to almost half of the worlds 800,000 industrial robots, expects the
84、industry to expand to $10 billion in the future including models that will be able to care for its fast growing elderly population56. Saya was first designed to _.A. be touched by students B. teach children about scienceC. work as a robot receptionist D. work together with scientists57. The underlin
85、ed word “podium” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_ ”.A. a surface for teachers to stand on B. a board for teachers to write onC. a toy for students to play with D. a video for students to watch58. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. Saya neednt be remotely controlled while having classes.B. Robots
86、 like Saya will replace human teachers in the future.C. Some children in the countryside know little about new technology.D. Its difficult for most Japanese teachers to teach children about technology.59. In which section of a newspaper can you find this passage?A. Entertainment. B. Technology. C. P
87、olitics. D. Opinion.B“Hey, little buddy, will you support me when Im getting old?” Han Wenshan, 35 years old, asked his new-born baby as he picked him up at home.The Chinese tradition of raising sons to support parents in their old age has been weakened by the rapidly growing economy and improved st
88、andard of living. As is the case with developed countries, China faces an aging society. People are living longer and having fewer children. Therefore many Chinese families are falling into a 4-2-1 family pattern: a couple raises one child and supports four elderly parents. But few realize this prob
89、lem.The aging of the population is a trend that now affects a growing number of countries. Not long ago, the Information Office of the state council, Chinas cabinet, issued a white paper on measures China is taking to help its elderly population. The paper said Chinas population entered the aging ph
90、ase(阶段) at the end of the 20th century as the proportion of people aged 60 and above accounted for over 10 percent of the entire population. By the end of 2005, China had nearly 144 million people over 60, accounting for 11 percent of the population, according to the white paper.An expanding aged po
91、pulation inevitably means that many issues must be settled, as the problem concerns every aspect of society. It puts more pressure on each family, causing disturbing economic consequences and serious social problem concerns every aspect of society. It puts more pressure on each family, causing distu
92、rbing economic consequences and serious social problem. It also challenges the labor force supply and the pension(养老金) system.“I used to think that its not an issue for me to provide for the aged.” said Han, whose parents and parents-in-law all enjoy pensions and medical insurance. But last year Han
93、s father suffered a serious illness and afterward Han began to feel the pressure on his shoulders.60. Which of the following is not caused by an aging society?A. Social problems. B. The problem of the pension systemC. More pressure on the family. D. Unemployment61. From the passage we can infer _.A.
94、 the aging problem is one of the concerns for the Chinese governmentB. China will encourage young couples to have more than one childrenC. many people havent realized the problem of an aging societyD. children will not support their parents in an aging society62. Which of the following can be used t
95、o replace the underlined word “inevitably?”A. Surprisingly. B. Naturally. C. Hopefully. D. Unluckily.63. From the passage we can see that _.A. China is the only country to face an aging societyB. most of the developing countries face an aging societyC. countries with a large population face an aging
96、 societyD. more and more developed countries face an aging society（2012安徽省淮南市二中高三第一次月考）CLiu Hui is very excited. The students in a school in Shanghai will go to the USA with his parents during the Spring Festival.“Overseas touring has always been a dream for me,” he said happily.Nowadays, Chinese pe
97、ople enjoy longer holidays, such as the three “Golden Week Holidays”(the Spring Festival, May Day and National Day). They have more time to travel. Rising incomes also make travelling abroad realistic for ordinary Chinese people. Nearly 7 million Chinese travelled overseas in 2001, according to the
98、National Tourism Administration(国家旅游局). The most common problem travellers face is how to choose the best routes(路线). By the end of 2002, Chinese citizens were allowed to travel to 19 foreign countries and regions at their own expense. The top 10 places included Hong Kong, Macao and Thailand. Europe
99、an countries are also becoming increasingly popular. “More and more Chinese people have shown interest in travelling to Europe, particularly France and Finland,” said Tan Wen, a general manager of China Youth Travel Service. “Sooner or later, there will be a peak（高峰） in European tours.” Another cons
100、ideration is choosing the right travel agencies and finding the best price. The China Consumers Association（CCA，中国消费者协会）offered tips to consumers on choosing the right travel agencies to help prevent a relaxing vacation from turning into a costly disaster. “Price should not be the single most import
101、ant factor in choosing a travel agency,” said Zhang Yuanchao, CCA vice-secretary general. Consumers are advised to choose large State travel agencies with good reputations and official approval to organize overseas tour groups. Zhangs association dealt with more than 5, 000 complaints about travel a
102、gencies（旅行社） last year. And the majority of the complaints were about random changes in travel routes, bad tour guides, and forced shopping. Travellers were warned to look carefully at their contracts with agencies and to buy travel insurance(保险). 64How many reasons are given in the article as to wh
103、y ordinary Chinese people are traveling abroad more today?ATwo.BThree.CFour.DFive.65According to the passage, what is the biggest problem Chinese travelers face when going overseas?AChoosing the best travel agent.BDeciding the best way to get to the places they want to go to.CTraveling to Europe.DCo
104、st.66According to the passage, what seems to be the most common result of choosing a bad travel agency?APeople buy more souvenirs than they had planned to.BPeople spend more money than they had planned to.CPeople go to different places than they had palnned to.DPeople complained more than they had p
105、lanned to.67The underlined part “random changes” probably means that .Athe travelers agreed with the changes.Bthe travel agency didnt make any changes.Cthe travel agency refused to changes the routes.Dthe travel agency changed the routes or time without following the original plan.DThe Luck of the I
106、rishLook at a map of Britain, and the island on the left is Ireland. Its a small but beautiful country with a long tradition of folk music. Up until 10 years ago just about the only thing that Ireland was famous for was its specialty black beer. Now Ireland is famous around the world for its music w
107、ith names like Kenya,U2 ,Van Morrisonand more recently the Corers. Boyzone,one of the worlds top boy bands ,is from Ireland too.Whats more,Boyzone member shane has twin sisters,Adele and Heavy,who are members of B Witched The Boyzonestory is interesting because they were created in 1993 by Dublin ni
108、ghtclub owner John Reynolds.They advertised in newspapers to find members for the group and 300wannabe pop stars applied! Ronan,who was just 17 when he dropped out of school to make his bid for stardom,and shane,who had been working as trained mechanic in his fathers garage when he left to join Boyz
109、one,were both lucky enough to be chosen. The other members are shoe-shop attendant stephen lately,former mechanic Mike Graham and one-time clothes store assistant Keith Dully. Many people expect bands that have been created by the music industry to produce boring music which doesnt become popular. E
110、ven the boys themselves knew they the would not easily achieve international pop music success. Boyzone quickly proved that they were more than just pretty faces and have sold millions of records around the world.At the moment ,they are not big stars in America,but they say that will change,when the
111、y begin a tour of the United States. Ronan will shortly also start recording as a solo artist. That does not mean the band will spilt yet,but we can expect Boyzone to split sometime in the next 18 months or so.Ronan has also recently become involved as one of the managers of new Irish boy band West
112、Life whose song Swear It Againhas recently been Number 1 in the British charts. 68Ireland is famous for now.Aits black beerBits long traditionCpopular musicDits scenery69The words “wannabe pop stars” in the third paragraph mean .Athe pops who want to join the bandBthe persons who want to become pop
113、starsCthe pop stars who want to become more popularDthe persons who want to be as famous as they are 70Boy zone was formed by members in 1993.A3B4C5D671According to the passage, we know that .ABoy zone will split some dayBBoy zone was successful because it was created by music industryCThe boys in B
114、oy zone were certain that they would be famous one dayDBoy zone are going to perform in the States for Americans love them very muchE“It hurts me more than you,” and “This is for your own good.” There are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay
115、home and do homework.That was before we entered the permissive(自由的) period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in schoolThe schools and the educators made it easy on usThey taught that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone po
116、licyWe stopped making our children do homeworkWe gave them calculators, turned on the television, left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacationNow teachers, faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years, are realizing weve made a terrible mistakeOne su
117、ch teacher is Sharon Clomps who says of her students“so passive” and wonders what has happenedNothing is demanded of them, she believesTelevision, says Clomps, contributes to childrens passivity“Were talking about a generation of kids who vet never been hurt or hungryThey have learned somebody will
118、always do it for them, instead of saying go and look it up, you tell them the answerIt takes greater energy to say no to a kidYes, it doesIt takes energy and it takes workIts time for parents to end their vacation and come back to workIt s time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them
119、it hurts you more than them but it s for their own goodIts time to start telling them no again72We learn from the passage that the authors mother used to lay emphasis on（强调：重视）_Anatural development Beducation at schoolCdiscipline Dlearning Latin73Children are becoming more inactive in study because
120、_Athey watch TV too much Bthey have to fulfill too many dutiesCthey have done too much homework Dteachers are too strict with them74By “permissive period in education” the author means a time _Awhen everything can be taught at schoolBwhen children are permitted to receive educationCwhen children are
121、 allowed to do what they wish to Dwhen every child can be educated 75The main idea of the passage is that _AIts time to be more strict with our kidsBparents should always set a good example to their kidsCparents should leave their children aloneDkids should have more activities at school五、书面表达 (2012
122、安徽二模)In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.参考答案21【解析】选D。考查冠词的用法。第一空考查短语中的冠词，go for a walk为固定短语；第二空特指对话双方都知道的湖。22【解析】选B。考查形容词、副词的用法。此题考查学生对于couldntbebetter不能更好=thebest最好的掌握，实际上是对于双重否定表达方式的考查，
123、即couldnt一重否定，bemoreboring一重否定。需要注意的是，形容词比较级有否定的内在含义。因为后面写到下雨呆在屋子里，所以应该是负态度，所以排除同样是比较级的D选项。23【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈悄悄打开门，目的是不打扰正在睡觉的婴儿。disturb 打扰，妨碍；upset 使心烦，使不安；interrupt 打断；release 释放；发布；发行。故正确选项为C。24-25 DCC 2630 AADBB 3132 DA33【解析】选A。考查时间状语从句。答句句意：是的，他到家时还不到8点。when在此句中引导时间状语从句，表示“当的时候”。34-35 DC36【
124、答案】B【解析】此处意为：当人类刚刚开始进化，他们如同新生儿一样不会运用语言这种工具。evolved逐渐发展，进化符合题意。generated生殖，发展；born（bear的过去分词）不能作谓语动词；originated起源，不能用first修饰。 37【答案】A【解析】根据语法分析，答案应用来修饰语言的。valuable珍贵的；appropriate合适的，适当的；convenient方便的，便利的；favorite最喜欢的。语言并不是人类选择的结果，而是人类在进化过程中慢慢发展起来的，对人类来说，应当是珍贵的。38【答案】A【解析】此处意思是：语言的发展增加了人类未来的成就和文化进步的可能
125、性。achievenets成就；likelihood可能性；entertainments娱乐；evolution进化。39【答案】D【解析】此处意为：许多语言学家认为进化使人们产生和具备了语言的能力。固定短语beresponsiblefor对负责，是的原由。其它选项不与for搭配。40【答案】C【解析】根据语法分析，空格后应是一个宾语从句，而A，B，D三项后都不能接从句做直接宾语。confirm（确认）+名词；inform（通知）sb.ofsth.；convince（使某人确信）sb.ofsth. 41【答案】D【解析】固定搭配providesb.withsth.意为“向（人）提供（物）”42
126、【答案】B【解析】此处意为：我们高度发达的大脑是我们具备了其它低等动物所不具备的语言能力。显然，这里是把人和低等动物相比较。因此选organisms有机体，生物体。43【答案】A【解析】此句意思是：人类的语言能力是与生俱来的，但语言本身也在逐渐发展，所以这种能力应该是潜在的。potential潜力；performance履行；preference偏爱；passion激情。44【答案】A【解析】此句句义是：语言本身作为童年时期大脑生长的一种功能，其发展是缓慢的。as（作为，当作）合乎题意。like作为介词的意思是“像一样”。 45【答案】B【解析】此句意为：语言的发展有一个关键期，人体的成长是生
127、物变化的过程。biological生物的；ideological思想上的；social社会的；psychological心理的。46【答案】A【解析】此处意为：目前人们对“先天论”评论观点不一，但是支持某些天生能力的证据却是确凿无疑的。reviews评论；reference参考；reaction反应；recommendation推荐。47【答案】C【解析】从46题可看出，作者是倾向于先天论的，为了进一步证明先天论是有道理的，作者选择了以学校为例加以说明，因此这里应填一个表示递进关系的词Indeed（甚至）。48.D【解析】此处意思是：越来越多的学校发现在什么年级学外语较容易,根据常识(低年级学
128、外语较容易)以及后文的Youngchildrenoftencanlearnseverallanguagesbybeingtothem，whileadults可以选定答案。49【答案】B【解析】此处意为：通过接触多种语言，孩子们可以学会好几种语言。beexposedto是固定搭配，接触到。reveal（显露）sth.tosb，不合题意，因本题中的them指languages。其余选项不与to搭配。engagein从事；beinvolvedin参与。50【答案】C【解析】此句意思是：一旦母语的规则被深深印入脑海中，成年人就很难再学好另一种语言。rules规则，规律；regulations规定；fo
129、rmations构成，构造；constitutions宪法，章程。51【答案】A【解析】分析上下文的逻辑关系，从句意思是：语言的某些方面肯定是先天的。主句意思是：语言不会在与人隔绝的状况下自行发展。前后应为转折关系。52【答案】D【解析】此句意为：与人隔绝的儿童不能掌握好一门语言。isolated孤立的，与人隔绝的；distinguished区别的，杰出的；different不同的；protected受到保护的。53【答案】D【解析】此句总结前几句，意为：必须通过与他人交往，语言才能够发展。interaction相互作用；exposition暴露；comparison比较；contrast对比
130、。54 A.根据分析，本句中的“this”和“evenmorebasic”分别指代上句的“interactionwithotherhumanbeings”和“necessary”，此处所填词对应上文中的languagedevelopment。也就是说，languageacquisition语言习得。appreciation欣赏，感激；requirement要求；alternative转移，转变，转换。55【答案】C【解析】本句功能是以另一种方式解释前文中的“imitative，learnedbehavior。（模仿性的后天行为）”。Inotherwords换言之，换句话说；Asaresult结
131、果是；Afterall毕竟；Aboveall最重要的是。56-59 CACB 60-63 DABD64-67ADBD 68-71 CBCA 72-75 CACA书面表达Possible Version 1In the picture, along the tracks come three runners. The one who takes the lead wears a smile on his face, despite the great distance he has covered. The other two, with sweat streaming down their f
132、aces, are clearly tired from running. What the picture tries to convey is that success belongs to those who can keep up a good state of mind faced with life challenges. The smile on the face of the runner in the lead suggests that he enjoys the race, regardless of the hard work he has to devote. Thi
133、s definitely makes him stand out among the other competitors, who wear serious and painted expressions on their faces. Life is sometimes like a race with tracks stretching long. A good state of mind can actually bring out our best. Possible Version 2In the picture, three boys are running along the t
134、racks. The first boy is running with ease and confidence. The last boy falls far behind, but he is still going all out for the race, with his teeth clenched. It dawns on me that whatever situation we find ourselves in, never should we lose hope but press ahead. Standing a slim chance of catching up
135、with the other two ahead of him, the persistent boy in the last place shows no sign of giving up and works even harder. His perseverance demonstrates a profound meaning in life. It often happens that hard as we may try, our efforts do not yield satisfying results. However, as long as we persevere in our determination and efforts, we are the champion of our own life “race”.