1、现在完成时 & 现在完成进行时现在完成时 构成: _定义: 发生在过去的动作到目前为止已完成或对现在产生影响e.g. Someone has broken the window. 对现在的影响是:窗户以坏了。常见的时间状语1. for +时间段 since+时间点 He has been busy since he came back from Beijing.I have learnt English for many years.2. just, never, before, ever already, yetHave you ever been to Shanghai? No, I ha
2、ve _ been to Shanghai _.I have already had my lunch.（否定句） 3lately=recentlyI havent seen him _/_.4. how many times, many times表示重复发生的动作且时间尚未结束.Tom _ three times this morning. (已打电话)How many times has it happened this year?5until/till/by now, up to now, up to the present, so far；in/during the last/ pa
3、st/recent 3 years,He hasnt told me the truth up to now.现在完成时的三个常见句型: 1）It is/ has been + 时间段 + since + 从句自从上次见到你已经好长时间了.It _/_ _ a long time since I _ you last time. 2）It is the first/ last time + 含现在完成时的that从句这是你第一次到我们城市参观吗?_this the first time that you _our city? 3）This is + 形容词最高级 + that从句 (用现在完成
4、时)这是我听到的最有趣的故事。This is the most interesting story that I_.现在完成时的注意点:1.现在完成时与一段时间连用时，动词是延续性动词, 若使用瞬间动词，如become, die ,leave ,buy 则用be, be dead, be away, have替代, 来表示状态的持续.他离开这已经有3年了.He _ here three years ago.He _ _ _ from here for three years. It is /has been three years since he _ here.他哥哥当兵五年了。His br
5、other _ five years ago.His brother _ for five years / since five years ago.我买这本书已有一段时间了。_ for a period of time.他结婚十年了He _ 10 years ago.He _ for 10 years.2Since + 句子，当中如含有延续性动词, 翻译时则从动作的结束时算起。请翻译以下句子：It is/has been two years since I worked here. It is /has been many years since I smoked. 3. 现在完成时与一般过
6、去时区别一般过去时指动作常发生在过去特定的时间, 如 yesterday, last week, 3days ago, in 2008 等; 而现在完成时强调过去对现在的影响1) Justin _ (be) away from home for several days. He _ (disappear) last Friday . 2) They _ (buy) this house three years ago and they _(live) here since then.现在完成进行时1. 构成: _2. 定义: 表示一个动作从过去一直持续到到现在并在继续之中.She has be
7、en writing a composition. (译) She has written a composition. (译) 3. 现在完成进行时,还可理解所表示的动作持续到说话时刻之前刚刚结束，且常表达了一种强烈的感情色彩。我已经等了你一个小时了.I _ (wait) for you for an hour. (说话时”等”的动作结束，表达等的时间很久了。)我踢过足球, 很累。 Im very tired, for I_ (play) football.4. 常用的时间状语：1）现在完成进行时可与all the time /all the morning, all day, this w
8、eek/ month, recently连用。你整天都在旅行,所以一定很累了.You _ ( travel) all day, so you must be tired.What _ you _ (do) recently?2）现在完成进行时不与不确定的时间状语just, never, before, ever already, yet 连用 我的信已经写了半个小时了, 可还没有写完.I _(write) a letter for half an hour, but I _( finish) yet.3）how many times, 5 times等也不能用于该时态。True or false: He has been calling up 5 times this morning.（ ）He has called up 5 times this morning.（ ）
