1、甘肃省定西市岷县二中2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）满分：120分 时间：100分钟一阅读理解AA shopkeeper sent his son to learn about the secret of happiness from the wisest man in the world. The boy walked a long way, and finally came upon the beautiful castle where the wise man lived.On entering the main room of the castle, the
2、boy was quite surprised: tradesmen coming and going, people chatting in the corners, and a small orchestra playing soft music. The wise man talked with everyone, and the boy had to wait for two hours before it was his turn.The wise man listened carefully to the boys explanation of why he had come, b
3、ut told him that he didnt have time just then to explain the secret of happiness. He suggested that the boy look around the palace and return in two hours.“Meanwhile, I want to ask you to do something,” said the wise man, handing the boy a teaspoon that held two drops of oil. “As you wander around,
4、carry this spoon with you without allowing the oil to spill.”The boy began to walk up and down stairs of the palace, keeping his eyes fixed on the spoon. After two hours, he returned to the wise man.“Well,” asked the wise man, “Did you see the Persian tapestries（挂毯）in the hall? Did you see the garde
5、n that took the master gardener ten years to create?” The boy was embarrassed, and replied that he had observed nothing. His only concern had been not to spill the oil.“Then go back and observe the wonders of my world,” said the wise man. The boy picked up the spoon and returned to his exploration o
6、f the palace. This time he observed all of the works of art on the ceilings and the walls. When he returned, he described in detail everything he had seen.“But where are the drops of oil?” asked the wise man. Looking down at the spoon he held, the boy saw that the oil was gone.“Well, there is only o
7、ne piece of advice I can give you,” said the wise man. “The secret of happiness is to see all the wonders of the world, and never to forget the drops of oil on the spoon.”1. When the boy arrived at the castle, he .A. received a warm welcome from the wise manB. had already missed his chance to talk t
8、o the wise manC. didnt expect to see so many people aroundD. was shown around the palace by the local people2. The wise man gave the boy two tasks in order to .A. teach him the secret of happinessB. show him how to observe the wonders in the worldC. make him learn from his mistakesD. let the boy enj
9、oy his palace and garden3. We can infer from the article that “the drops of oil on the spoon” probably refer to _A. the beauty of natureB. the fortune a person ownsC. the responsibilities of a personD. the great opportunities in life4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the artic
10、le?A. The wise man was satisfied with the way the boy performed the second taskB. It took the wise man about 10 years to finish his garden.C. The wise man wasnt paying much attention to the boy at first.D. The boy took no notice of the surroundings during his first task.【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D【解析】本文
11、是记叙文。文章讲述一个店主派儿子去从世界上最聪明的人那里了解快乐的 秘密，而智者没有直接告诉他答案，而是让男孩做了两个任务，通过这两个任务，男孩了解到快乐的秘密。【1题详解】细节理解题。 从文章第二段的句子：Rather than finding a holy man, though, our hero, on entering the main room of the castle, saw a hive of activity: tradesmen came and went, people were chatting in the corners(然而，我们的主人公并没有找到圣人，当他进
12、入城堡的正厅时，他看到了一片繁忙的景象:商人来来往往，人们在角落里聊天)可知当店主的儿子到了城堡后，他没有想到会有那么多的人，选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。 从第四段的句子：“As you wander around, carry this spoon with you without allowing the oil to spill(当你四处走动时，带着这个勺子，不要让油溢出来)” 和第八段的句子：“Then go back and observe the wonderful things of my world,” said the wise man.（“那么，回去看看我的世界里那些美妙
13、的事情吧。”智者说）可知智者为了解释快乐的秘密，让男孩做两个任务，选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。 四个选项的意思分别是：A.自然的美， B.一个人拥有的财产， C. 一个人的责任， D. the great opportunities in life人生的重大机会。从文章的最后一段的句子：“The secret of happiness is to see all the wonders of the world and never to forget the drops of oil on the spoon.(幸福的秘诀是看到世界上所有的奇迹，并且永远不会忘记勺子上的油滴)”可知ABD都不
14、符合，“the drops of oil on the spoon” 是指“一个人的责任”，选C。【4题详解】细节理解题。 从第七段的句子：The boy was embarrassed, and replied that he had observed nothing. His only concern had been not to spill the oil.（男孩感到很尴尬，回答说他什么也没看见。他唯一关心的是不泄漏油）可知男孩在做第一个任务的时候，没有注意到周围，选D。 BNothing could stop Dad. After he was put on disability f
15、or a bad back, he bought a small farm in the country, just enough to grow food for the family. He planted vegetables, fruit trees and even kept bees for honey.And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgins chicken house in exchange for manure(肥料). The smell really burned the inside of your nose. When w
16、e complained about the terrible smell, Dad said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops, and he was right. For example, just one of his cantaloupes(甜瓜) filled the entire house with its sweet smell, and the taste was even sweeter.As the vegetables started coming in, Dad threw himself into co
17、oking. One day, armed with a basket of vegetables, he announced he was going to make stew(炖菜).Dad pulled out a pressure cooker（高压锅）and filled it up with cabbages, eggplants, potatoes, corns, onions and carrots. For about half an hour, the pressure built and the vegetables cooked. Finally, Dad turned
18、 off the stove, the pot began to cool and the pressure relief valve sprayed out a cloud of steam. If we thought Dads pile of chicken manure was bad, this was 10 times worse. When Dad took off the lid, the smell nearly knocked us out.Dad carried the pot out and we opened doors and windows to air out
19、the house. Just how bad was it? The neighbors came out of their houses to see if we had a gas leak!Determined, Dad filled our plates with steaming stew and passed them around. It didnt look that bad, and after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell, it didnt offend the nose so much, edible
20、, and we drank up every last drop of soup.5. Why did Dad clean Old Man Mocolgins chicken house regularly?A. To earn some money for the family.B. To collect manure for his crops.C. To get rid of the terrible smell.D. To set a good example to us.6. What can we infer about Dads stew?A. It is popular am
21、ong the neighbors.B. It contains honey and vegetables.C. It looks very wonderful.D. It tastes quite delicious.7. What does the underlined word “offend” in the last paragraph mean?A. To attractB. To upsetC. To airD. To shut【答案】5. B 6. D 7. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的父亲在自己买的小农场里面种菜、种果树甚至还养蜜蜂的乐趣。但作者的父亲收获的时候
22、，他炖了一锅蔬菜，闻到味道时，作者和其他人觉得烧得很糟糕，但是吃起来确是非常美味，最后他们把菜全部都吃光了。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章首段And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgins chicken house in exchange for manure(肥料).可知，每周他都会打扫 Old Man McColgin家的鸡舍以换取肥料。所以父亲清理鸡舍的目的是为了收集肥料，故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末段we drank up every last drop of soup可知，我们喝光了最后一滴汤。由此判断出父亲的炖菜非常美味，选
23、D。【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据前句中after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell,可知起初的味道难闻，刺激嗅觉，由此判断出offend指冒犯；使不愉快，故选B。CMany years ago, dogs and wolves were the same. But about 14,000 years ago, some wolves began to change. They were no longer as wild. No one knows exactly how this happened. Angus Phillip
24、s of National Geographic Magazine thinks it may have happened like this: “Some wolves moved close to human cooking fires after smelling something good to eat. Then they worked to get closer to groups of humans. They did this by being helpful or proving they would not hurt people. The humans might ha
25、ve used the wolves better hunting skills to help them hunt animals. The wolves could warn humans of danger at night. Over thousands of years, humans kept the large, rough wolves out of the human camps. This led to the development of different kinds of dogs that were more friendly to people. They beg
26、an to look different than wolves. They were generally smaller than wolves, with a shorter nose.”Through the late 19th century, humans would raise dogs for special skills they wanted, such as hunting, helping with the work on farms or protecting animals. Today, the most common use of a dog is for fri
27、endship. Some people even consider their dog to be a part of their family. Scientists are finding that dogs can even understand human emotions. Around the world today there are more than 400 million dogs. But their relationship with people is not always close. Some of these dogs become strays. They
28、live on the streets and often eat garbage. Diana Bharucha, from Bangalore,Diana, started a program called Stray Dogs Free Bangalore. She says that dogs should have a home with a human master. Diana told the news-magazine Citizens Matters: “If the dog population continues to increase, they will go ba
29、ck to living in a group and turn wild. They will start hunting like wild animals which will be a danger for human life.” Humans are still learning how to live together with dogs. This relationship can be wonderful but difficult. But people will continue to share their lives with mans best friend: th
30、e dog.8. Paragraph1 is mainly about _.A. the wolves great hunting skillsB. how some wolves developed into dogsC. why some wolves got close to humansD. the difference between wolves and dogs9. The difference between most peoples keeping dogs in the past and now lies in _.A. the methodB. the placeC. t
31、he numberD. the purpose10. The underlined word “strays” in the passage refers to dogs that _.A. have no homeB. are abused by the familyC. get separated from othersD. suffer from serious illnesses11. Whats the purpose of “Stray Dogs Free Banglore”?A. To control the dog population.B. To prevent dogs t
32、urning wild.C. To rescue dogs on the street.D. To stop dogs being hunted.【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与狗相关的知识。讲述了狼进化成狗的过程、过去的人与现在的人养狗目的发生的变化以及如今流浪狗过多可能产生的问题。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Some wolves moved close to human cooking fires after smelling something good to eat. Then they worked to get
33、closer to groups of humans. They did this by being helpful or proving they would not hurt people. The humans might have used the wolves better hunting skills to help them hunt animals. The wolves could warn humans of danger at night. Over thousands of years, humans kept the large, rough wolves out o
34、f the human camps. This led to the development of different kinds of dogs that were more friendly to people. They began to look different than wolves. They were generally smaller than wolves, with a shorter nose.”可知一些狼在闻到好吃的东西后靠近人类正在做饭的火。然后他们努力接近人类群体。他们通过帮助人或证明他们不会伤害人来做到这一点。人类可能利用了狼更好的狩猎技能来帮助他们捕猎动物。
35、狼能在夜间警告人类有危险。千百年来，人类一直把大而粗暴的狼赶出人类的营地。这导致了不同种类的狗的发展，它们对人类更友好。它们开始看起来和狼不一样了。它们通常比狼小，鼻子短。由此可知，第一段主要讲述了一些狼是如何进化成狗的。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Through the late 19th century, humans would raise dogs for special skills they wanted, such as hunting, helping with the work on farms or protecting animals. Today, t
36、he most common use of a dog is for friendship. Some people even consider their dog to be a part of their family.”可知整个19世纪后期，人们饲养狗来获得他们想要的特殊技能，比如打猎、在农场帮忙干活或保护动物。今天，狗最常见的用途是友谊。有些人甚至认为他们的狗是他们家庭的一部分。由此可知，过去和现在大多数人养狗的区别在于目的不同。故选D。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“They live on the streets and often eat garbage.”可知一些狗住
37、在街上，经常吃垃圾，是无家可归的流浪狗，由此可知，画线词指的是“无家可归的狗”。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She says that dogs should have a home with a human master.”可知她说，狗应该有一个家，有一个人类主人。由此可推知，“Stray Dogs Free Banglore”项目的目的是去解救街上的狗。故选C。DIn ancient Egypt, a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making c
38、hanges to its environment. Modern businesses have been following his lead, with more tactics (策略).One tactic involves where to display the goods. For example, stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section. They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they
39、 will buy more junk food (垃圾食品) later in their trip. In department stores, the womens shoe section is generally next to the womens cosmetics (化妆品) section: while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe, bored customers are likely to wander over and find some cosmetics they might
40、 want to try later.Besides, businesses seek to appeal to customers senses. Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping, so they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day. Music sells goods, too. Researchers in Britain found t
41、hat when French music was played, sales of French wines went up.When it comes to the selling of houses, businesses also use highly rewarding tactics. They find that customers make decisions in the first few seconds upon walking in the door, and turn it into a business opportunity. A California build
42、er designed the structure of its houses smartly. When entering the house, the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows, and then the pool through an open stairway leading to the lower level. The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these $ 10 million houses.12. Why do sto
43、res usually display fruits and vegetables in the first section?A To save customers time.B. To show they are high quality foods.C. To help sell junk food.D. To sell them at discount prices.13. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following encourages customers to buy?A. Opening the store early in t
44、he morning.B. Displaying British wines next to French ones.C. Inviting customers to play music.D. Filling the store with the smell of fresh bread.14. What is the California builders story intended to prove?A. The house structure is a key factor customers consider.B. The more costly the house is, the
45、 better it sells.C. An ocean view is much to the customers taste.D. A good first impression increases sales.15. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain how businesses turn people into their customers.B. To introduce how businesses have grown from the past.C. To report researches on cus
46、tomer behavior.D. To show dishonest business practices.【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。自从古埃及的一家店主发现了可以通过改变商场的环境吸引顾客以来，现代社会中越来越多的商场采用了这种商业战略。即利用商店的布局，物品的摆设，甚至食品的气味来刺激顾客对商品的购买。此外，房地产的销售部门也在使用这一高回报的销售策略。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so
47、that they will buy more junk food(垃圾食品) later in their trip.可知，他们知道，首先购买健康食品的顾客会感到高兴，因此他们会在以后的旅行中购买更多的垃圾食品。所以把水果放在显眼的位置是为了吸引消费者，然后在不知不觉中购买稍后要看到的那些垃圾食品。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段内容Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping可知，商店注意到烘焙食品的味道鼓励购物。由此判断出烤面包的味道能够起到刺激消费者购买的目的。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题
48、。文章末段提出They find that customers make decisions in the first few seconds upon walking in the door, and turn it into a business opportunity.可知，他们发现顾客在进门的最初几秒钟就做出决定，这就是一个商机。然后讲述加利福尼亚卖房者的故事，由此判断加州建筑商的故事想要证明良好的第一印象会增加销售额。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。自从古埃及的一家店主发现了可以通过改变商场的环境吸引顾客以来，现代社会中越来越多的商场采用了这种商业战略。即利用商店的布局，物品的摆设
49、，甚至食品的气味来刺激顾客对商品的购买。此外，房地产的销售部门也在使用这一高回报的销售策略。所以这篇短文的主要目的是解释企业如何把人变成顾客。故选A项。根据短文内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。The Benefits of Keeping a JournalIf you want to grow, one important thing you should do is keeping a journal. It may seem simple, but it can make a big difference in your life. I have b
50、een keeping journals for years. Writing all the lessons I learn and all the ideas I get has become a habit for me. _16_Here are some benefits you will get by keeping a journal.It prevents you from losing an idea. Have you ever gotten an idea only to lose it later because you didnt write it down？_17_
51、 But then I developed the habit of writing down every idea that came into my mind as soon as possible. If Im away from my computer, I usually write it down on a piece of paper that I bring wherever I go. I will then transfer the idea to the journal in my computer.It helps you review all the lessons
52、youve learned. By reviewing your journal, you can quickly see the lessons youve learned and the ideas youve gotten. _18_ You can use the ideas to push yourself forward._19_ After keeping a journal for years, you can look back at it and see how far youve gone. Things that were big problems in the pas
53、t might seem small today. The raw ideas you had in the past might have been realized today.It helps you expand your ideas. When you try to come up with a sentence to express an idea you are thinking actively about it. _20_ In the end, you will expand your ideas.A. I often experienced that myself.B.
54、It allows you to see your progress over time.C. It trains you to express your thoughts.D. Just use whatever tool you feel comfortable with.E. Thinking actively helps you connect your idea to another idea.F. And to be honest, I cant imagine what my life would be like without it.G. Then you can do wha
55、tever necessary to avoid repeating the same mistakes.【答案】16. F 17. A 18. G 19. B 20. E【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲的是记日记的四大好处，包括不会让你丢失自己的想法，帮你复习所有你学到的东西，帮你看到自己的进步和拓宽你的想法。【16题详解】上文I have been keeping journals for years. Writing all the lessons I learn and all the ideas I get has become a habit for me.说我写日记已经很多年了。写
56、下我学到的所有课程和我得到的所有理念已经成为我的一个习惯。该空承接上文，F选项“说实话，我无法想象没有它，我的生活会是什么样子”切题，故选F。【17题详解】根据前面一个问句“你曾经有过一个想法，但是后来就消失了，就是因为你没有写下来？”和后面作者讲的自己的经历，A选项“I often experienced that myself.”我经常身亲经历这些，符合语境。故选A。【18题详解】前一句话讲的是通过回顾日记，你能够快速的知道自己学到的什么和你得到的想法，后一句话讲的是你可以通过这些想法来鞭策自己。G选项“Then you can do whatever necessary to avoid
57、 repeating the same mistakes”那么你可以做一些必要的事情来避免重复犯错，符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】根据后一句话意思是根据几年记的日记，你可以回顾往事并且知道自己走了多远。B选项“It allows you to see your progress over time.”符合语境。故选B。【20题详解】上文When you try to come up with a sentence to express an idea, you are thinking actively about it.说当你想用一句话来表达一个想法时，你是在积极地思考。下文In the
58、end, you will expand your ideas. 说最后，你会扩宽你的想法。该空承上启下，E选项“积极思考可以帮助你把你的想法和另一个想法联系起来”切题，故选E。二完形填空In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The _21_ is that countries around the world have growing mountains of _22_ because people are throwing out more rubbish tha
59、n ever before.How did we _23_ a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to _24_ an object than to spend time and money to repair it. _25_ modern manufacturing (制造业)and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and _26_.Another caus
60、e is our _27_of disposable (一次性的) products. As _28_ people, we are always looking for _29_ to save time and make our lives easier. Companies _30_ thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.Our appetite for new products also _31_ to the
61、 problem. We are _32_ buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that _33_ is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we _34_ useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world, we can see the _35_ of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of ru
62、bbish just keep getting bigger. To _36_ the amount of rubbish and to protect the _37_, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. _38_, this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions _39_ throwing them away. We also nee
63、d to rethink our attitudes about _40_. Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.21. A. keyB. reasonC. projectD. problem22. A. giftsB. rubbishC. debtD. products23. A. faceB. becomeC. observeD. chang
64、e24. A. hideB. controlC. replaceD. withdraw25. A. Thanks toB. As toC. Except forD. Regardless of26. A. safeB. funnyC. cheapD. powerful27. A. loveB. lackC. preventionD. division28. A. sensitiveB. kindC. braveD. busy29. A. waysB. placesC. jobsD. friends30. A. donateB. receiveC. produceD. preserve31. A
65、. adaptsB. returnsC. respondsD. contributes32. A. tired ofB. addicted toC. worried aboutD. ashamed for33. A. newerB. strongerC. higherD. larger34. A. pick upB. pay forC. hold ontoD. throw away35. A. advantagesB. purposesC. functionsD. consequences36. A. showB. recordC. decreaseD. measure37. A. techn
66、ologyB. environmentC. consumersD. brands38. A. HoweverB. OtherwiseC. ThereforeD. Meanwhile39. A. byB. in favour ofC. afterD. instead of40. A. spendingB. collectingC. repairingD. advertising【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. A
67、 39. D 40. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是，世界各国的垃圾堆积如山，因为人们扔出的垃圾比以往任何时候都多。A. key答案；B. reason原因；C. project项目；D. problem问题。根据上文In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one
68、.可知，此处指带来的问题。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是，世界各国的垃圾堆积如山，因为人们扔出的垃圾比以往任何时候都多。A. gifts礼物；B. rubbish垃圾；C. debt债务；D. products产品。根据下文中的throwing out more rubbish可知，此处指如山的垃圾。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们如何成为一个一次性的社会的？A. face面对；B. become成为；C. observe观察；D. change改变。根据语境可知，此处在问我们如何成为了一个一次性的社会。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先
69、，现在替换一个物体要比花时间和金钱来修复它更容易。A. hide隐藏；B. control控制；C. replace代替；D. withdraw撤退。根据下文than to spend time and money to repair it.可知，我们可以更容易地替换一个物体。故选C。【25题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于现代制造业和技术，公司能够迅速而廉价地制造产品。A. Thanks to幸亏，由于； B. As to至于，关于；C. Except for除之外；D. Regardless of不管，不顾。根据句意可知，此处表示原因。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：产品
70、丰富多样并且廉价。A. safe安全的；B. funny滑稽可笑的；C. cheap便宜的；D. powerful强大的，强有力的。根据上文_5_ modern manufacturing (制造业)and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.可知，产品丰富多样并且廉价。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个原因是我们对一次性产品的喜爱。A. love爱；B. lack缺乏；C. prevention预防，阻止；D. division部门，分割。根据下文As _8
71、_ people, we are always looking for _9_ to save time and make our lives easier.可知，我们喜爱一次性产品。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为忙碌的人，我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。A. sensitive敏感的；B. kind和蔼的；C. brave勇敢的；D. busy忙碌的。根据下文to save time and make our lives easier可知，忙碌的人总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为忙碌的人，
72、我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。A. ways方法；B. places地方；C. jobs工作；D. friends朋友。根据语境可知，此处指我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品：纸盘子、塑料杯、照相机等等。A. donate捐赠；B. receive收到；C. produce生产；D. preserve保护，维持。根据语境可知，此处指公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们对新产品的需求也导致了这个问题。A. adapts to
73、适应；改编；B. returns to返回；回复；C. responds to对做出反应；D. contributes to有助于，导致。根据语境可知，此处指导致了这个问题。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我们热衷于购买新东西。A. tired of对厌倦；B. addicted to对上瘾，迷恋于；C. worried about担心；D. ashamed for为感到惭愧。根据上文Our appetite for new products also _11_ to the problem.可知，我们热衷于购买新东西。故选B。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：广告说服我
74、们，越新越好，我们会更乐于使用最新产品。A. newer更新的；B. stronger更强的；C. higher更高的；D. larger更大的。根据下文that we will be happier with the latest products.可知，广告说服我们，产品越新越好。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果是，我们扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。A. pick up捡起，学会；B. pay for付款；赔偿；C. hold onto紧紧抓住，抓住不放，保持住；D. throw away扔掉，丢弃。根据下文to make room for new ones.可知，
75、此处指扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在世界各地，我们可以看到这种一次性生活方式的后果。A. advantages优势，优点；B. purposes目的；C. functions功能；D. consequences后果，结果。根据下文Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.可知，此处指一次性生活方式的后果。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了减少垃圾的数量和保护环境，越来越多的政府要求人们回收材料。A. show显示，表明；B. record记录，记载；C. decrease减少
76、；D. measure测量，权衡。根据下文more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.可知，此处指为了减少垃圾的数量。故选C。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：A. technology技术；B. environment环境；C. consumers消费者；D. brands品牌。根据下文more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.可知，此处指保护环境。故选B。【38题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并不足以解决我们的问题。A. Howe
77、ver可是，然而；B. Otherwise否则；CTherefore所以；D. Meanwhile与此同时。根据语境可知，前后是转折关系。故选A。【39题详解】考查介词（短语）辨析。句意：我们需要修复我们的财产而不是丢弃。A. by通过；B. in favour of支持，赞成；C. after在之后；D. instead of而不是。根据语境可知，前后是对比关系。故选D。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还需要重新思考我们对消费的态度。A. spending消费；B. collecting收集；C. repairing修复；D. advertising作广告。根据语境可知，此处指重新
78、思考我们对消费的态度。故选A。三语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Im not sure _41_ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _42
79、_ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the_43_(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _44_(look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel_45_(ch
80、allenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. Im a _46_(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching _47_ these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was jus
81、t glad to find _48_(they) alive. True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal _49_(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: Im king of this forest, and here is your reminder! Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _50_ (stay)and watch.【答案】41. who 42. the 43. loudest 44. looking 45
82、. challenged 46. scientist 47. for 48. them 49. meant 50. to stay【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历。【41题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示“谁”，故用who。【42题详解】考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。【43题详解】考查最高级。根据后面的of all可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。【44题详解】考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼
83、睛。用looking。【45题详解】考查非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。【46题详解】考查名词。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。scientist科学家。【47题详解】考查动词短语搭配。search for是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。48题详解】考查代词。此处做find 的宾语，所以用宾格them。【49题详解】考查谓语动词。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。固定短
84、语allow sb to do允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。【点睛】此题考查固定搭配较多，其中第2,4,7，10 都为固定搭配，对于这类题目我们需要熟练掌握动词固定搭配以及介词短语。而此题的第一题则考查从句，对于从句我们可以通过分析句子成分确定连接词的选择。如本题为宾语从句，宾语从句中缺主语，所以应该从连接代词who，whom，what，which，whose，再根据指人做主语可判断用which。四短文改错51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符
85、号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at t
86、he toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promise
87、d her that this would never happen again.【答案】1. parent parents 2. on in 3. 删去 very 4. looks looking5. where that 或去掉 where 6. begun began 7. telling told8. a the 9. saw 后加 his 10. terrible terribly【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。小托尼与父母去购物中心，看到了一个喜欢的玩具，走丢了，在一位女士的帮助下，小托尼又见到了自己的父母。【详解】第一处：考查名词单复数。根据下文可知，Tony是和父母一起逛街。
88、故要使用复数形式。故将parent改为parents。第二处：考查介词。in表示“在里面”，根据语境可以看出，玩具是在橱窗里放着的，故把on改为in。第三处：考查句法结构。该句子里有一个句法sothat.，表示“如此以至于”，so修饰much，very在这里是多余的，故去掉very。第四处：考查非谓语动词。这里look的实际主语是he且两者之间的关系是主动，这里的用looking表示的句子是伴随状语。故把looks改为looking。第五处：考查连接词辨析。该句子是一个宾语从句，且不缺少任何成分，意思也完整，所以连接词应该使用that或者省略that。故将where改为that或去掉where
89、。第六处：考查时态用法。begin的过去式是began，过去分词是begun。该句子的时态是过去式，所以使用began。故将begun改为began。第七处：考查动词时态。这里telling与saw是由连词and连接且表示并列发生的两个动作，其动作的发出者是a woman且时态是发生在过去，故把telling改为told。第八处：考查冠词辨析。这里用the表示特指的那个商店。故将a改为the。第九处：考查人称代词。名词前要有修饰语，根据是Tony的父母，所以前面要加his。第十处：考查形容词与副词辨析。这里用副词terribly修饰形容词worried，故terrible改为terribly。
90、【点睛】以第七题为例，原句“A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop”，该句首先要判断出crying与telling并不是并列关系，him是saw的宾语，如果是并列关系，him不可能再作telling的宾语，所以判断tell是与saw并列，主语是A woman，根据saw可知道是发生在过去的事情，所以要把telling改为told。五书面表达52. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack想学习汉语，你推荐他去孔子学院，请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1. 推荐理由；2. 相关课程，如中国历史，传统文化等。注意：1. 词数1
91、00左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：孔子学院Confucius Institute_【答案】Dear Jack,Im more than pleased to know that you are eager to learn Chinese. Confucius Institute may be a good choice, which is intended for the Chinese learners who are not native.Confucius Institute provides various interesting subjects. You
92、will learn Chinese history and traditional culture as well as Chinese writing. Also, you have more chances to talk with classmates in Chinese. Besides, teachers will introduce some Chinese traditional festivals, such as the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Day and Mid-Autumn Day. Some relevant activitie
93、s will be held during different festivals, such as making dumplings or eating zongzi, where you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have a good knowledge of Chinese life.I hope you will find my recommendation helpful and attractive.Yours,Li Hua【解析】试题分析：这是一篇推荐信。要求考生推荐朋友去孔子学院。考生可以将文章分成三部分：1、推荐
94、朋友去孔子学院学习汉语，可用句式I strongly recommend that.；2、阐述推荐理由，时态应以一般现在时为主，考生要围绕要点，适当地增添细节，可以选择恰当的连接词让文章衔接更自然，如first of all，second，third，besides,in addition等。3、表达祝愿，可用句式 I do hope that you will have a good time in China.审题时，注意描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。【范文亮点点评】文章使用了高级词汇： be
95、intended for， as well as，such as，not only.but also, have a good knowledge of 等等。高级句型：.that you are eager to learn Chinese使用了宾语从句；which is intended for the Chinese learners who are not native.使用了两个定语从句；. where you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have a good knowledge of Chinese life使用了定语从句；I hope you will find my recommendation helpful and attractive.使用了复合宾语。
