1、2013版英语一轮精品复习学案：Unit4Astronomy：the science of the stars（新人教版必修3）【高考新动向】【考纲全景透析】【重点单词】1 exist vi. 存在；生存 The laid-off workers mainly exist on bread and tea.下岗工人主要靠面包和茶生存。 There exists a good way to solve the existing problem in geography.有一个解决目前地理问题的好办法。来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K Do you know when the new Marriag
2、e Law came into existence? 你知道新婚姻法是什么时候实施的吗？【重点短语】1. in time 及时；终于【相关短语】in time for sth./ to do sth. 及时；不迟in no time 立刻；马上at no time永不 at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度at a time 一次；每次 at times = sometimes 有时all the time 一直；始终；老是 on time 按时；准时 by the time到的时候为止for the time being 暂时；暂且 take one s time不着急；慢慢来 kil
3、l time 消磨时间from time to time 不时地，间或 many a time 常常；多次once upon a time 从前at the same time 同时；尽管如此ahead of time 提前，提早race against time 争分夺秒time and again 一次又一次；重复地keep time (钟表)走得准keep bad time（钟、表）走得不准take one s time 慢慢来，别急have a good/nice/hard time (in) doing sth 做某事很 来源:学科网ZXXKIt s (high/about) tim
4、e that sb. did/ should do sth. 是做某事的时候了The doctor came in time to save the boy. 医生及时赶来救了那个孩子You will succeed in time. 你迟早会成功的I jumped into the river in no time.我立刻跳到了水中。I lost myself at one time.曾经一度我迷失了我自己。Its high time that the government made an adjustment on the export drawback system.早该到政府对出口滞后
5、体系进行调整的时候了。【即境活用】_, I lost heart in English 2. prevent.from. 使不做事；阻止做某事例如：His back injury may prevent him from playing in tomorrow s game. 他背部的伤可能使他参加不了明天的比赛。【辨析】prevent / stop/keep sb. from doing sthprevent / stop sb. from doing sth.中的from可省, keep sb. from doing sth.中from不可省略，因为keep sb. doing sth.是
6、“使某人一直做某事”之意；但如在被动语态中，三者的from都不可省；当后接sb s doing sth. 作宾语时，只能用prevent或stop，不能用keep，因为没有keep sb s doing sth. 的句型。【即境活用】根据句子的意思完成句子或翻译。1). Doctors took action to _ _ _ _ _ (防止这种疾病的蔓延).2).Of course I can t _ your going abroad. 3). 警察阻止他们携带武器。_ 【答案】: 1). prevent/stop/keep the disease from spreading 2). p
7、revent / stop 3). The police prevented/stopped/kept them from carrying weapons.= They were prevented/stopped/kept from carrying weapons.2. now that既然 Now (that) you are grown-up,you must stop this childish behaviour.(=Since)既然已经长大，你必须停止这种幼稚的行为。 He was absent from the meeting because he was ill yeste
8、rday. 昨天他没参加会议是因为他病了。 Wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking.穿上结实的鞋子，因为我们要走不少路。来源:学科网 It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。4. break out【相关短语】break away from 脱离（党派）；摆脱（控制）break down毁掉；坏掉；(计划/谈判)失败break up打碎；拆散；(会议)结束；分裂(解体)break off (使)停止；中断；折断 break into s
9、th. 强行进入某处break one s word/promise食言；说话不算数来源:学科网ZXXK【辨析】come about/happen/take place/break out/occur come about 发生，相当于happen, take place。后面不可以给宾语，也不可以使用被动语态。How did it come about that you got lost?你怎么会迷路了哪？ happen 强调偶然发生 take place 指按计划、按安排发生 break out 多用于指战争、火灾、疾病、疫情的突然爆发 occur 常用于句式： sth occurs to
10、 sb 以上这些单词和短语的主语都不可以是人，也不可以用于被动语态【即境活用】用break短语填空。1). A terrible earthquake_ _ in Qinghai on the morning of April 14, 2010.2). When do you _ _ for Christmas?3). Negotiations between the two sides have _ _.4). His house was _ _ last week. 【答案】 1). broke out 2). break up 3). broken down 4). broken int
11、o 【重点句型】1. This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop 这就产生了一系列的反应，是的生命就有可能发展了。 His absent made it difficult to finish the work on time.他的缺勤使得按时完成工作更困难了。 We consider it no use arguing with him .我们认为与他争论毫无意义。 It happened that they were out when we called . 我们打电话时，碰巧他们出去了
12、。 Its well known to us all that China won 51 gold medals in the 2008 Beijing Olympics.众所周知，中国在2008北京奥运会上夺取了51枚金牌。2. But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。 The output of cars in 2008 is 4 times g
13、reater than that of 2007.2008年小轿车产量是2007年的5倍。 My income is twice as much as yours. 我的收入是你的2倍 My house is twice the size of my parents. 我的房子是我父母的两倍大。 There are 3 times more books in our library than in yours .我们的图书比你们的图书馆的书多三倍【即境活用】Much to his surprise，he invited only twenty friends to the dinner，but
14、 cameAtwice as many as Bas many as twice Ctwice as many Dtwice more than【热点难点全析】Noun clauses as the subject 主语从句1定义：来源:学&科&网主语从句：在复合句中充当主语的句子叫主语从句例如：Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。2.连接词的选用（1）that和what的选用that和what都可引导主语从句。what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当某些成分，可作从句的主语、宾语或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，无词义
15、，只起连接词作用如：Whathewantsisabook.他想要的是一本书Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.众所周知，光线沿直线运行（2）if和whether的选用引导主语从句，不能用if，只能用whether。如：Whetherwewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定（3）其它连接代词和副词的选用根据主语从句的具体意义，正确的选择who,which,when,where,why,how等连接词，这些连接词既有疑问含义，又起连接作用，
16、同时在从句中充当各种成分如：Whenweshallholdoursportsmeetisnotdecided.我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。Whobroketheglassyesterdayisnotclear.还不清楚昨天谁打破了玻璃Whichcaryouwillchoosetobuymakesnodifference.你决定买哪一辆车都不会有任何区别（4）whatever/whoever的功用whatever,whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。whatever=anythingthat;whoever=anyonewho。要注意和wha
17、tever,whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别如：Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.（主语从句）（Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.）Whoeverbreaksthelaw,heshouldbepunished.（让步状语从句）（Nomatterwhobreaksthelaw,heshouldbepunished.）3.it构成的主语从句（1）由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。如：Itiswell-knownthattheearthmovesaroundthe
18、sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。【拓展延伸】需要注意的是，it作形式主语代替主语从句时，要注意和as引导的定语从句的区别。试比较：ItwasreportedthattheUSwasundertheterroristattack.（主语从句，有that，无逗号）Aswasreported,theUSwasundertheterroristattack.（定语从句，无that，有逗号）上两句意为“据报道，美国遭到恐怖分子的袭击” （2）常见用it作形式主语的复合句结构Itisafact（agoodidea/apity/ashame/nowonder/goodnews）that如：Itsapity
19、thatyoumissedthefilm.你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了Itisnecessary（clear/true/strange/important/wonderful/possible/likely）that需要注意的是，这类主语从句中，谓语动词很多为“（should）动词原形”，即要用虚拟语气如：Itisnecessarythatyou（should）masterthecomputer.你很有必要掌握电脑ItisimportantthatastudentlearnEnglishwell.学生学好英语很重要Itsclearthattheybadlyneedhelp.很明显，他们急需援助
20、Itislikelythatahurricanewillarrivesoon.飓风很可能马上就要到达了。Itisreported（well-known/hoped/thought/expected/said/believed/decided/suggested/ordered）that如：Itissaidthathewaskilledintheearthquake.据说他在地震中丧生了Itseems（happened/appears/doesntmatter/makesnodifference/）that如：Itseemsthattheywillwinthegame.看起来他们好像会赢得这场比
21、赛Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhewillattendthemeetingornot.【典型例题】1、_ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires【解析】C。 本句的结构为It is +动词的过去分词+that 引导主语从句。经常用于这种结构的动词还有say, report, think,
22、 hope, expect, consider, suggest等2._made the school proud was_ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because【解析】B。 what引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语；that引导表语从句，在表语从句中起连接作用3、_she couldnt understand was _fewer and fewer students sh
23、owed interest in her lessons.A. What.why B. That.what C. What.because D. Why.that【解析】A。 主语从句she couldnt understand缺少宾语，要用What引导。表语从句fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons是一个完整的句子，要用why引导，意思是“为什么越来越少的学生对她的课感兴趣” 【语法专练】1. Im sure that it is obvious _ Gina was lying for I saw her in the
24、 street yesterday.A. which B. that C. because D. when2. _breaks the rules should be punished and fined at least 200 yuan.A. No matter whom B. No matter who C. Whomever D. Whoever3. _ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A. It B. What C. As D. Which4. -What mad
25、e him so upset? -_she failed in her examination. A. What B. That C. Because D. Whether5. Determination is a kind of basic quality and this is _ it takes to do jobs well. 世纪金榜A. what B. that C. which D. who 世来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K6. Along with his letter was his promise he would attend the opening ceremony
26、the Coming month. A. which B. that C. what D. whether7. The reform has changed the whole nation. It cannot remain _ it used to be.A. what B. where C. which D. when8. What I want to know is _ the price of oil is still rising. A. whenB. howC. whyD. that答案：15 BDBBA 68 BAC【高考零距离】1、（2012江西卷25）It suddenly
27、 occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.AwhetherBwhereCwhichDthat【解析】选D。考点：考察名词性从句当中的主语从句。it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。2、（2012全国新课程24） It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. how B. whichC. that D. what【解析】选D。考查主语从句的
28、连接词。此处it是形式主语，what引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语。What作do的宾语。句意：总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。3.（2011湖南卷 T31）Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _ the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why 【解析】选A。考查名词性从句。句意：在解决问题之前必须弄清楚问题本身是什么。what引导主语从句，并在主语从句中充当表语。注：句中的it是形式主语。4.（2011江苏卷 T26）It was never clear
29、_ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. thatB. howC. whenD. why【解析】选D。考查主语从句，句意为：这个人为什么没有尽快报告这个事故，还不清楚。根据句意可知主语从句中缺少原因状语，故用why。that引导主语从句不作句子成分；how作方式状语；when作时间状语。5.（2011北京卷 T22） Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom【解析】 选B。考查名词性从句中的主语从句。句
30、意为：芭芭拉琼斯提供给她的狂热仰慕者的是诚实和快乐。offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物，由此可知从句中offer后面缺少宾语，应用what来作宾语并引导从句，故选B。6.（2010全国卷T20）Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been_.A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular【解析】选B。考查比较级的使用否定比较级相当于肯肯定。类似的还有too, enough。7.（2010北
31、京卷T33） some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C. That D. How【解析】选B。本题考查主语从句。句意：一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。从句中缺宾语，只能用B. what来引导. C.中的That引导主语从句不做成分。8.（2009山东卷T21） -John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month. -Oh, _! A. cheer up B. well do
32、ne C. go ahead D. congratulations 【解析】选D本题考查交际用语中单词（短语）的区别，根据题意可知：这儿应用一个表示祝贺的词（短语）。故选D。7. (2009山东卷T28) The little girl who got lost decided to remain _she was and wait for her mother. A. where B. what C. how D. who 【解析】选A本题考查连词，remain是系动词，后加表语从句，由句意可知，从句缺地点状语，所以选A。9. （2009天津卷T7）It is obvious to the
33、students _ they should get well prepared for their future.A. as B. which C. whether D. that【解析】选D考查名词性从句中的主语从句用法。此处要分析句子结构，看出it为形式主语，代替that they should get well prepared for their future，并且本句意思完整，故选D。【考点提升训练】一、听力（略）二、单项选择21.【2012山东省菏泽重点高中高三下学期4月模拟】27. Some students often listen to music _ _ classes
34、to refresh themselves.A. betweenB. among C. overD. during22【2012江西省上饶市第一次模拟】32 to gain access to seats at college the seniors are working hard.A That is; B It is;that C What is ,that D Which is;why23. Chinas new food law provides for a food recall（召回）system _ producers have to stop production if the
35、ir food isnt up to standards. A. where B. that C. when D. which24I was lucky enough to get on the train before it _ . A. pulled on B. pulled downC. pulled in D. pulled out25Only by shouting at the top of his voice _ . A. was he able to make himself hearB. he was able to make himself hear C. was he a
36、ble to make himself heardD. he was able to make himself heard26. Whether ways will be found to help China _ the current world financial crisis is just _ worries the public.Aprevent ;thatBsurvive ;whatCforbid; that Dquit ;what27. Darling, I didnt get promoted. _ ! There will be loads of other opportu
37、nities. A. Well done B. What a pityC. Cheer up D. All right28. The small fishing village has _ into a modern city in the last thirty years. A. extended B. existedC. explored D. expanded 29. Much to his surprise，he invited only twenty friends to the dinner，but cameAtwice as many as Bas many as twice
38、Ctwice as many Dtwice more than30. She had no idea how it _ that her husband met with trouble again. A. came aboutB. came outB. came acrossD. came up31. It is said that the meeting _ for three hours. Why should I regret missing it?!A. has lasted B. has been lasting C. lasted D. had lasted32. _ which
39、 one to buy between the two necklaces, she purchased both. A. Deciding B. Not deciding C. To decided D. Not to decide33. fashions differ from country to country may reflect the culture difference from one aspect. AWhat BThat CThis DWhich34. I cant understand is he wants to change his mind. A. That,
40、what B. That, why C. What, what D. What, why35. Is it true _ the rain stops, it will be as hot as in the summer here?A. when B. that when C. whenever D. that三、完形填空（2012北京市丰台区高三模拟）Jennifer walked into the hospital and shivered. She did not like them because 36 were always so cold, and everything in t
41、hem was so white. Unwillingly, she 37 her mother and father into her grandmothers room. Up to her chin in blankets, her grandmother looked small and 38 . Jennifer saw a tube in her grandmothers arm and all types of machines beside her. Her mother gently kissed her grandmother on the cheek, 39 Jennif
42、er was afraid to get too close. Her grandmother smiled at her and 40 for her to come closer, and 41 Jennifer walked over and took her grandmothers hand. “Hi, Sweetie,” whispered her grandmother. “Dont be 42 by all these machines. Its still me.”The nurse came in to 43 on her grandmother. She used a t
43、hermometer to take her grandmothers 44 and a stethoscope(听诊器) to listen to her heart. Jennifer found everything the nurse did for her grandmother extremely 45 . She asked about the medical instruments, and the nurse 46 how they were used. Jennifer listened closely, examining each instrument carefull
44、y.The nurse was really 47 toward her grandmother. She softened her pillows and made sure she was 48 comfortably. She supplied her with 49 , food, and reading materials. Jennifer could see what a positive 50 the help had on her grandmother. She asked, “Do you enjoy being a nurse? “Yes, I love taking
45、care of people,” the nurse replied, “and I find it 51 to watch people get better. Its exciting to be a part of all these different peoples lives.”As the nurse left the room, Jennifer 52 at her grandmother and her parents. She was filled with excitement as she 53 herself attending Nursing School and
46、learning to care for sick people. For the first time, she didnt 54 being in a hospital. She was starting to like the smell and the white walls of the hospital. They were 55 of people trying to help other people. 36. A. patientsB. hospitalsC. doctorsD. nurses37. A. followed B. ledC. showedD. invited来
47、源:学科网ZXXK38. A. angryB. kindC. weakD. young39. A. so B. or C. for D. but40. A. headedB. longedC. gesturedD. looked41. A. rapidlyB. immediatelyC. surprisinglyD. hesitantly42. A. frightenedB. unsatisfiedC. discouragedD. disappointed43. A. visitB. callC. meetD. check44. A. handB. temperatureC. blanketD
48、. tube45. A. meaningfulB. interestingC. perfectD. useless46. A. explainedB. wonderedC. learnedD. promised47. A. hopefulB. specialC. attentiveD. serious48. A. recoveringB. layingC. sittingD. resting49. A. machinesB. waterC. pillowsD. support50. A. behaviorB. effectC. attitudeD. experience51. A. tires
49、omeB. painfulC. rewardingD. amusing52. A. staredB. laughedC. wavedD. smiled53. A. imaginedB. foundC. admittedD. enjoyed54. A. mind B. escapeC. forbidD. regret 55. A. signalsB. signsC. marksD. images四、阅读理解A “Our aim is to take our art to the world and makepeople understand what it is to move,” said D
50、avid Belle,the founder of parkour(跑酷).Do you love running? It is a good exercise, yetmany people find it boring. But what if making your morning jog a creative one? Like jumping from walls and over gaps, and ground rolls? Just like the James Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a ro
51、of to a windowsill(窗台) and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bonds wonderful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide.Yes, thats parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all
52、 the obstacles in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is considered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop. 来源:学科网ZXXKParkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, b
53、ut its participants see parkour much more than that.Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy(理念) behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back from th
54、em in your life, to reach the destination successfully. A parkour lover said, “I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life, my way to do everything.”Another philosophy weve learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world. It is a kind of expr
55、ession of trust in yourself that you earn energy and confidence. 56. Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of _.A. its founder, David Belle B. the varieties of participantsC. its risks and tricks D. the film, Casino Royale57. Which of the following is true of parkour?A. It needs sp
56、ecial training. B. It is a good but boring sport.C. It challenges human abilities. D. It is a team sport.58. As its participants move around a city, _.A. they can ask for help B. they may choose to escapeC. they must learn to survive D. they should run to extremes59. Which of the following is the ph
57、ilosophy of parkour?A. Determination and freedom.B. Excitement and popularity.C. Dreams and success. D. Sports and extremes. BThere is plenty for kids and teens to do in the Syracuse area during the summer, including some great educational opportunities. Here are the top four.Rosamond Gifford Zoo Ca
58、mp The zoo offers separate camps for kids. The camps for kindergarteners run from 9 am to 12:30 pm, and cost $115 for zoo members and $135 for non-members. Kids entering 7th and 8th grades will have half a day from 1 pm to 4:30 pm. The cost is $149 for members and $160 for non-members. All camps fea
59、ture numerous educational activities and animal encounters. The camps run from August 14 to August 19. Registration starts from July 10 for members and July 15 for non-members.Active Learning Services at Christian Brothers Academy来源:Zxxk.Com From August 1 to August 5, Christian Brothers Academy will
60、 host Active Learning Services from USA Chess. Topics of learning will include Chess Camp (age 5-15), and Video Game Creation Program (age 8-15). Chess Camp promises improved chess skills through chess instructors utilizing demo(演示) boards and historic games. Half day sessions will cost $280 for the
61、 Computer Camps. A full day of Chess costs $400, and a half day of Chess followed by a half day of Computer Camps cost $430.Syracuse University Summer College From July 5th to August 12th , Syracuse University will host pre-college programs for high school students. The Summer College will offer a w
62、ide variety of programs including architecture, engineering and computer science, public communications, and eco-fashion. The programs are taught by the teachers of Syracuse University and include hands-on activities. The costs range from $2325 to $7642.The Sheldon Institute at SUNY OswegoThe State
63、University of New York will hold two-week educational enrichment programs for students entering grades2-4 from July 25 to August 5. Children will have a set program featuring art, science, technology, cultural appreciation and writing. Tuition for the programs is only $320 and a downloadable applica
64、tion is available.60. If a preschool boy and his 8th-grade brother attend the Zoo Camps, they should pay_.A. $264B. $275 C. $295 D. It depends.61. When should a child start to attend the Zoo Camps?A. On July 10. B. On July 15. C. On August 14. D. On August 1962. What do we know about the Chess Camp
65、from the passage?A. It will last for two weeks. B. Only children aged 8-15 can attend it.C. Whole day sessions will cost $250 for it. D. Children can learn improved chess skills through it.63. Where can children attend the largest number of programs with low cost?A. Christian Brothers Academy B. Ros
66、amond Gifford Zoo C. The Sheldon Institute D. Syracuse University CWith eco-tourism on the rise, eco-hotels are fast becoming the darling of the travel industry. These days, however, staying at an eco-hotel doesnt necessarily mean vacationing in a tree house in the Costa Rican jungle, although that
67、is certainly a choice.The majority of eco-hotels fall into one of several categories: hotels and resorts that conserve ecologically important habitats; “green” hotels that reduce, recycle, minimize waste, and protect water; sustainable hotels that harvest food from gardens on the hotel property or g
68、et part of all their power from renewable energy; hotels that encourage community involvement such as guests taking part in trail clearing; and hotels that offer some form of environmental education to their guests.As such, eco-hotels are a various group. Stylish urban hotels like the Willard Inter-
69、Continental Washington focus on energy conservation whereas the Rosario ResortSpa on Orcas Island in Washington State offers a wildly popular “green” vacation package where guests can “take a hike, clear a trail”.No matter what you call them, eco-hotel, eco-lodge, eco-resort, or green hotel, theyre
70、part of the “greening” of the tourism industry.Part of what drives this greening of the hotel industry is no doubt competition. Going green is yet another way to distinguish a hotel from the mass of other excellent hotels that consumers have to choose from. But for many hotels, its also part of thei
71、r philosophy. With the concept of “going green” firmly rooted in consumers minds, eco-hotels have taken it to the next level, and whether or not money is the driving factor behind the greening of the hotel industry doesnt matter so much as its good for the planet.64. The underlined part in the first
72、 paragraph means _.A. lovers like staying at an eco-hotel when travelingB. eco-hotels are very much loved by the travel industryC. people choose to stay in a tree house while vacationingD. romantic love stories often happen in eco-hotels65. According to the passage, which of the following can be par
73、t of the idea of eco-hotel?A. It has wall of glass.B. It is comfortable and fashionable.C. It uses renewable energy.D. Its home to endangered species.66. From the passage, we know the Rosario ResortSpa is a kind of hotel that_.A. conserves ecologically important habitats.B. encourages its guests to
74、participate in its greening activities.C. harvests food from its own garden on its propertyD. has courses on the environment for its guests.67. People who choose to stay at eco-hotels _.A. love to take a hikeB. enjoy the green atmosphereC. have environmental awareness. D. want to live comfortably DS
75、cientists have found that human eyes are more likely to be damaged by UV rays (紫外线) while skiing in the snow-covered areas than sitting on the beach, according to a report by the UK newspaper The Telegraph.The researchers at Kanazawa Medical University, Japan and American company Johnson conducted t
76、he study together. They looked at the effects of light reflection on newly fallen snow on a ski trail (a rough path) in Ishikawa District, northern Japan. They compared the results with the levels of UV rays on a sand beach in southern Japans Okinawa District. They found that on the beach, eyes are
77、exposed to a daily 260 kilojoules (千焦耳) of UV a square meter compared to 658 kilojoules in snow-covered areas.The findings are supported by the Japan Meteorological Agency. According to the agency, the reflection rate of UV light on beaches is often between 10 and 25 percent, compared to 80 percent
78、in the new snow areas. The amount of light increased 4 percent with a 300-meter rise in height.Most of us know that UV rays can harm the skin. Thats why we wear sunscreen on our skin before we get out in the sun. But many of us may not realize that UV rays are also harmful to the eyes.If your eyes a
79、re exposed to large amounts of UV radiation over a short period of time, you may experience a kind of sunburn of the eye, which is harmful. Your eyes will become red and feel a strange feeling. They may be sensitive to light. Fortunately, this is usually temporary and seldom causes permanent damage
80、to the eyes.Long-term exposure to UV radiation, however, can be more serious. Scientific studies and researches have shown that exposure to small amounts of UV radiation over a period of many years increases the chance of eye damage, which could lead to total blindness.68. You would most likely find
81、 the article in _.A. a medical magazine B. a travel journal C. a doctors diaryD. a physics textbook69. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Too much eye exposure to UV rays may cause total blindness.B. Short-time exposure of the eyes to UV rays doesnt harm them at al
82、l.C. Most people know that UV rays harm the eyes as well as the skin.D. The study was conducted by researchers from Japan, the USA and the UK.70. The underlined word sunscreen in Paragraph 5 most probably means _.A. sunglasses B. suncream C. sunhat D. sunburn71. What will the passage most probably t
83、alk about next?A. Never ski on newly fallen snow in Japan.B. Take some measures to protect your eyes while skiing in new snow areas.C. Wearing a hat can provide protection while skiing in new snow areas.D. Go to hospital to have your eyes examined. EIf women are mercilessly exploited(剥削) year after
84、year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change o
85、f fashion.Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend large sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time changing their old-fashioned dresse
86、s. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with necessary things like warmth, comfort and durability (耐用). They are only interes
87、ted in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or picking her way thro
88、ugh deep snow in high heeled shoes.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of womens clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheat
89、ed by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability(稳定耐用)? That is for you to decide.72. Designers and big stores always make money_.A. by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industryB. because they are capable of predict
90、ing new fashionsC. because they attach great importance to quality in womens clothing D. by constantly changing the fashions in womens clothing73. To the writer, the fact that women change their old-fashioned dresses is seen as _.A. a waste of time B. a waste of money C. an expression of taste D. an
91、 expression of love beauty74. New fashions in clothing are created for _. A. an important contribution to society B. the womens strength of characterC. basic qualities of inconstancy and instability D. the commercial exploitation of women 75. By saying the conclusions to be drawn are obvious (Line O
92、ne to Line Two, Paragraph Four), the writer means that _.A. womens inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed atB. women are better able to put up with discomfortC. men are also exploited greatly by fashion designersD. men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion五、书面表达世界遗产是人类共同的财富。
93、学校网站英语论坛将开辟专栏讨论开展“保护世界遗产，人人有责”的活动。假如你是高三（2）班的李华，请根据下面所提供的信息，写一篇英语短文，参加英语论坛的讨论。世界遗产 历史悠久，内涵丰富，是人类珍贵的文化宝藏面临的问题 自然因素 地震、沙尘暴、风化来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K 人为因素拍电影电视、游客乱刻乱画 社会因素 战争、建设 如何保护（请考生就自身情况列举两至三点。）注意：1对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。2词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计人总词数。3参考词汇：风化 weathering；拍电影电视 shoot films and TV plays； 乱刻乱画 scratc
94、hWorld Heritage sites enjoy a long history with rich content. _参考答案21【解析】选A考查介词的用法。此处between意为“位于处在介于之间”，表示两者或每两者之间的关系。between classes表示“课间”。among意为“在(多数)之中，在中间”，表示三者或三者以上的人或物之间的关系，指 “混合或掺杂在多数可分离的人或物之间”。over 意为“越过”。during 意为“在的期间，在的时候”。22【解析】选B考查名词性从句的用法。此处it是形式主语，that the seniors are working hard 是
95、真正的主语从句。23 B24【解析】选D。句意：我很幸运在火车出站前坐上车了。pull out 出站；pull on 穿上；pull down 拆毁；pull in 进站。25 【解析】选C。“only+状语”置于句首时，句子要部分倒装；make oneself done 使自己被(别人)。26B 27【解析】选C。答语句意：振作起来! 还会有很多其他的机会的。cheer up 振作起来；well done 做得很好；what a pity 真遗憾；all right 好。28【解析】选D。句意：30年后，这个小渔村已扩大成了一座现代化的城市。expand 扩大；extend延伸；exist
96、存在；explore 探测，探险。29-30 CA 3135 CBBDB36.B 37.A 38.C39.D 40.C41.D42.A43.D44.B45.B 46.A 47.C 48.D 49.B 50.B51.C52.D53.A54.A55.B56-59 DCDA 60-63 DCDC 64-67 BCBC68-71 AABB 72-75 DADDOne possible version: World Heritage sites enjoy a long history with rich content. They are priceless cultural treasures fo
97、r human beings. However, World Heritage sites are now facing many serious problems. Firstly, some sites are badly damaged or completely destroyed by natural disasters such as earthquakes, sandstorms, weathering and so on. Secondly, many directors choose the beautiful World Heritage sites to shoot fi
98、lms and TV plays. Some visitors scratch on the old buildings, stones and trees, and many sites are seriously polluted. Besides, constant wars and a lot of construction also do great damage to some sites. Obviously, many factors contribute to the damage of World Heritage sites and its an urgent task for us to take steps to preserve them
