1、Unit 21 Human Biology Period TwoLesson 2Brain Power 课时精练（北师大版选修7，广东专用）时间：40分钟.语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。China reported its _1_(one)HIV/AIDS positive case in 1985.As of October 31，319,877 HIV positive cases _2_(record)in China，Health Minister Chen Zhu announced on Nov
2、ember 24.But according to Chen，it is estimated that the actual number of HIV/AIDS positive people in China will be 740,000_3_the end of this year.The number in 2007 was 700,000.“The exact number of infections(感染)keeps rising. but at a lower speed _4_(compare)with previous years，”said Chen.Almost 60
3、million people worldwide have been infected by the HIV virus _5_it was first recorded in 1981，according to _6_UN AIDS report released(发布)on November 24.HIV/AIDS has killed 25 million people in the world _7_new infections are slowing sharply due to _8_(prevent)programs.HIV/AIDS can be transmitted(传播)
4、through sexual contact，or by sharing needles with an HIVpositive drug user，or from an HIVpositive woman to _9_child before or during birth or through breastfeeding(母乳喂养)_10_birth.HIV also can be transmitted through receipt(接受)of infected blood.【解题导语】 中国艾滋病感染者和病人达74万，病毒传播势头得到遏制。1解析one的序数词用first，表示“第一
5、例艾滋病阳性病例”。答案first2解析考查过去完成时的被动语态，动作发生在announced之前。答案had been recorded3解析表示到今年底为止，用介词by。答案by4解析过去分词作定语。答案compared5解析根据句子结构应填个连词引导状语从句，再根据前面的时态应填since，表示“自从1981第一次报告以来。”答案since6解析一项艾滋病联合国规划署的报告，在辅音前面应填a。答案a7解析两个并列分句之间存在转折关系，故填but。答案but8解析表“预防计划”用名词形式。答案prevention9解析指“艾滋病女患者的孩子”用形容词性物主代词。答案her10解析根据bef
6、ore or during birth or through breastfeeding应填介词after。答案after.阅读理解AAn old problem is getting new attention in the United States：bullying.Recent cases included the tragic case of a fifteenyearold girl whose family moved from Ireland.Phoebe Prince hanged herself in Massachusetts in January following m
7、onths of bullying.Her parents criticized her school for failing to protect herself.Officials have brought criminal charges against several teenagers.Judy Kuczynski is president of an antibullying group called Bully Police USA.Her daughter Tina was the victim of severe bullying starting in middle sch
8、ool in the state of Minnesota.“Our daughter was a very outgoing child.She was a bubbly personality，very involved in all kinds of things，had lots of friends.And over a period of time her grades fell completely.She started having health issues.She couldnt sleep.She wasnt eating.She had terrible stomac
9、h pains.She started clenching her jaw and grinding her teeth at night.She didnt want to go to school.”Bullying is defined as negative behavior repeated over time against the same person.It can involve physical violence，or it can be verbalfor example ，insults or threats.Spreading lies about someone o
10、r excluding a person from a group is known as social or relational bullying.And now there is cyberbullying，which uses the Internet，email or text messages.It has easy appeal for the bully because it does not involve facetoface contact and it can be done at any time.The first serious research studies
11、into bullying were done in Norway in the late nineteen seventies.The latest government study in the United States was released last year.It found that about onethird of students aged twelve to eighteen were bullied at school.Examples included being made fun of，pushed，spit on，threatened or excluded f
12、rom activities.Some students had their property damaged.About four percent reported being the victims of cyberbullying.The study took place in two thousand seven.Susan Swearer is a psychologist at the University of NebraskaLincoln and codirector of the Bullying Research Network.She says schools shou
13、ld treat bullying as a mental health problem to get bullies and victims the help they need.She says bullying is connected to depression，anxiety and antisocial behavior，and bullies are often victims themselves.What can be done to prevent bullying？That will be our subject next week.1What section does
14、the passage belong to?ABusiness. BEconomy.CEducation. DMilitary affairs.答案C从文章内容看话题是校园欺凌现象，故属于教育栏目。2According to the parents，who are to blame for the girls death?ASociety. BTeenagers.CSchool. DThe victims.答案C从第三段Her parents criticized her school for failing to protect her.可知。 3According to the passa
15、ge，all the statements are true EXCEPT_.Abullying can happen both directly and indirectly to the victimsBeffective measures should be taken to help both victims and bulliesCbullying is mainly aimed at foreign immigrantsDthe reason for the bulliesbehavior lies in their own moral mental，emotional probl
16、ems答案C虽然自杀者是移民，但是校园欺凌并非专门针对移民的，故C项错误。其它选项对照原文可知。4To know clearly whether their children are bullied，parents should pay much attention to the following EXCEPT_.Awhether they want to go to school as usualBwhether they sleep wellCwhether their grades are normalDwhether they want to make friends with ot
17、hers答案D综合文章第三段中的“And over a period of time her grades fell completely.She started having health issues.She couldnt sleep.She wasnt eating.She had terrible stomach pains.She started clenching her jaw and grinding her teeth at night.She didnt want to go to school.”可得出答案。5What will probably be discusse
18、d?AWhy on earth bullying takes place.BWhat can be done to prevent bullying.CWhat punishment the teenagers will receive in the incident.DWhat the characteristics of bullying are.答案B文章提出了问题，分析了问题，下文应该是如何避免这类问题发生，故选B。BAstronauts aboard the space station celebrated a space first on Wednesday by drinking
19、 water that had been recycled from their urine and sweat and water that condenses from exhaled air.They said“cheers”，clicked drinking bags and toasted NASA workers on the ground who were sipping their own version of recycled drinking water.The recycling system is needed for astronaut outposts on the
20、 moon and Mars.It will also save NASA money because it wont have to ship up as much water to the station by space shuttle or cargo rockets.Besides，its important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on board to six.The recycling system had been brought up to the space stat
21、ion last November by space shuttle Endeavour，but it couldnt be used until samples were tested back on Earth.So when it came time to actually drink up，NASA made a big deal of it.The threeman crew stood，holding their drinks and congratulated engineers in two NASA centers that worked on the system.“Thi
22、s is something that had been the stuff of science fiction，”Barratt said before taking a small mouthful.“The taste is worth trying.”NASA deputy space shuttle manager LeRoy Cain called it“a huge milestone”The new system takes the combined urine of the crew from the toilet，moves it to a big tank，where
23、the water is boiled off，and the vapor is collected.The rest of the urine is thrown away.The water vapor is mixed with water from air condensation，and then it goes through filters.When six crew members are aboard it can make about six gallons from urine in about six hours.“Some people may find the id
24、ea of drinking recycled urine distasteful，but it is also done on Earth with a lot longer time between urine and the tap，”said Marybeth Edeen，the space stations national lab manager.The technology NASA developed for this system has already been used for quick water purification after the 2004 Asian t
25、sunami，Edeen said.“We are happy to have this water work through the systemwere happy to have it work through our systems，”Barratt siad.【解题导语】 本文讲的是国际空间站宇航员试饮尿液循环水。6According to the text，the recycling system is important because_.Ait makes traveling to the moon for the common person possibleBwith it
26、NASA wont need to ship any water up to the space stationCit can help to meet the need for more water after the crew are expandedDit protects the environment in space by reducing the amount of waste答案C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“its important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on boar
27、d to six”可知C项正确。7What is the RIGHT time order of the following events?aThe samples of the recycled water were tested on Earth.bAstronauts celebrated the space first of making water from urine.cThe recycling system was brought up to the space station.dThe technology for the system was used to quickly
28、 purify water.Aa，d，c，b Ba，c，b，dCd，a，c，b Dd，c，a，b答案D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The technology NASA developed for this system has already been used for quick water purification after the 2004 Asian tsunami”可知d发生最早。根据第三段的“The recycling system had been brought up to the space station last November.couldnt be used u
29、ntil samples were tested back on Earth”可知c发生在a的前面，因此D项正确。8From Para.6 we can know about_.Athe theory behind the recycling systemBthe effect of the recycling systemCthe process of the recycling systemDan opinion on the recycling system答案C段落概括题。该段主要讲述的是使用尿液循环系统将尿制成水的过程。9What did Edeen say about recycl
30、ed urine and the recycling system?AThe taste of recycled urine is not as good as common water.BThe recycling system has made a science fiction story come true.CThe idea of drinking recycled urine makes astronauts feel unpleasant.DIt takes a longer time on Earth to make water from urine than in space
31、.答案D细节理解题。根据第七段中的“with a lot longer time between urine and the tap”可知D项正确。10What is the best title for the passage?AThe research of NASA has made great progress.BNew technology is used in the space station.CDrink up：space station recycles urine to water.DGood news：water recycled from urine tastes good.答案C标题概括题。本文报道了国际空间站的宇航员试饮尿液循环水，“Drink up”生动反映饮用时的情景，“space station recycles urine to water”点明了制造技术。故C项最佳。
