1、江苏省扬州市江都区大桥高级中学2020届高三英语下学期学情调研试题（三）（含解析）第I卷（两部分，共85分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What does Simon plan to do on the weekend?A. Go camping. B. Watch a match. C. Play football.2.What is the prob
2、able relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues. B. Stewardess and passenger. C. Husband and wife.3.Where will Jason probably go first?A. The party hall. B. The barbers. C. Jennifers home.4.What does the woman mean?A. She doesnt like the movie.B. She wont sit next to Alan.C. She enjoys talking
3、to Alan.5.Why does the man talk to the woman?A. To have a driving lesson.B. To get a train ticket.C. To report his loss.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.What are the spea
4、kers mainly talking about?A. Jeffs family. B. Jeffs daily life. C. Jeffs school activities.7.What does Jeff usually do right after he gets home?A. Do his homework. B. Watch TV. C. Have some snacks.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8. How does Mark usually get news?A. By watching TV.B. By visiting news sites.C. By
5、 reading newspapers.9.Who is to blame for the spread of fake news according to the woman?A. Reporters. B. Technology companies. C. The government.听下面一段对话,回答第10至第12三个小题。10.What time will the speakers set out?A. At 8:45. B. At 9:15. C. At 9:30.11.How many people will go for the shopping trip?A. 2. B.
6、3. C. 4.12.What does the man expect the woman to do?A. Give him a ride. B. Bring some food. C. Buy a bathing suit.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.What does George think of the exhibition?A. Expensive. B. Boring. C. Excellent.14.What does George like best?A. Portraits. B. Oil paintings. C. Watercolors.15.Wh
7、at does George say about himself?A. He is a good painter.B. He has artistic ability.C. He loves art very much.16.What is Mary going to do now?A. Get a ticket. B. Buy a picture. C. Go to the exhibition.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Who can go on a free tour in Windsor Castle?A. The blind. B. The poor. C.
8、The old.18.What are especially offered to those visiting with children?A. Expert guides.B. A special family tour.C. Some adventurous activities.19.Where do the tours end?A. At the Courtyard.B. At St. Georges Chapel.C. At the entrance to the State Apartments.20. When can visitors get ice cream in the
9、 shops?A. In March. B. In June. C. In October.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1. Travel agencies claim they work in close_ with the local authorities to bring tourism back to its former glory.A. referenceB. companyC. sympathyD. cooperati
10、on【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：旅行社声称，他们与当地政府密切合作，使旅游业恢复往日的辉煌。A. reference参考；B. company陪伴；C. sympathy同情；D. cooperation合作。结合后文with the local authorities，可知此处为短语in close cooperation with表示“与密切合作”。故选D。2. When reading a novel, be sure to consider the political and cultural context _ the novel is created.A. w
11、hyB. thatC. whichD. where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：阅读小说时，一定要考虑小说创作的政治和文化背景。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是context，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选D。3. -Professor Li, how can my son develop his interest in literature?You may first_ him to classical literary works.A. devoteB. applyC. assignD. expose【答
12、案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词的辨析。句意：李教授，怎么样培养我儿子对文学的兴趣呢？你可以让他先接触古典文学作品。分析句子可知，学习一样东西最好是浸入式学习。四个选项都可与介词to搭配：A. devote to致力于；B.apply to把应用于；C.assignto把分配/指派给；D.exposeto把暴露/透漏给，使接触.。结合语境，此处表示“使接触”之意，D项正确。故选D。4. What is the matter with our school network?I dont know. My computer _ to the Internet in our office for a
13、few days.A. hasnt linkedB. doesnt linkC. wasnt linkedD. hasnt been linked【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我们络出了什么问题?我不知道。我办公室的电脑有几天没联网了。根据for a few days.可知表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成，对现在造成的影响，可能持续发生下去，用现在完成时；“我的电脑”和“连接”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选D。5. Young people should be inspired to think outside the box and innovate, brea
14、king free from _ methods.A. contradictoryB. dynamicC. conventionalD. distinguished【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：应该鼓励年轻人跳出固有的思维模式，进行创新，打破传统的思维方式。A. contradictory矛盾的；B. dynamic动态的，有活力的；C. conventional传统的，惯例的；D. distinguished著名的，杰出的。此处指打破传统的思维方式，故选C。6. Our head teacher decides to put _ he thinks is fat and
15、 strong in the front of the queue in tugofwar(拔河).A. whoeverB. anyoneC. whomeverD. those【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句的用法。句意: 我们的班主任决定让他认为的又胖又壮的任何人排在拔河比赛的队伍前面。分析句子可知，本句为含有宾语从句的复合句。whoever引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语。选项A符合题意。故选A。7. Offered the position of manager, Bob _, preferring to keep his current job.A. dismissedB. de
16、niedC. declinedD. deduced【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被提供经理职位时，Bob拒绝了，他更愿意保住他现在的工作。A. dismissed开除，解散；B. denied拒绝，否认；C. declined拒绝，下降；D. deduced推断。deny指拒绝给予或允许，decline指有礼貌地拒绝，通常是用言辞来表达。分析语境可知此处用decline，故选C。8. Were all the villagers inspected for the suspected disease? No. _ only 10 people who were expos
17、ed to the animals infected by the virus.A. There wereB. There areC. It wereD. It was【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查强调句的用法。句意:- 所有村民都检查过疑似疾病了吗？-不，只有10个人接触过被病毒感染的动物。分析句子结构可知,本句为强调句型的省略形式。强调句的句式结构为:It was /is + 被强调部分+ that/who+ 其他。当被强调部分是人时，用who； 被强调部分为其他内容时，用that。结合上句的提问内容，本句的回答应该是It was only 10 people who were expos
18、ed to the animals infected by the virus that/who were inspected for the suspected disease.本句中，强调句结构中that/who were inspected for the suspected disease省略了。who were exposed to the animals infected by virus为定语从句，修饰先行词people。9. Being a popular actor or model, a so-called glamorous job, can be a quite har
19、d life, with a lot of travelling _ heavy schedules.A. on account ofB. on behalf ofC. in regard toD. in relation to【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。句意：当一个受欢迎的演员或模特，一份所谓光鲜亮丽的工作，可能是一种相当艰难的生活，由于繁重的日程安排，需要经常旅行。A. on account of因为，由于；B. on behalf of代表；C. in regard to关于；D. in relation to和有关。根据“a so-called glamorous job,
20、 can be a quite hard life”可知，生活艰难，是因为繁忙的日程安排导致了大量的旅行。故选A。10. Robert speaking. Could you get me through to Mr. Smith in Room 501?Im sorry, he isnt here. He _ this morning.A. checked inB. dropped inC. checked outD. dropped out【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:-我是Robert ,你能帮我接通501房间的Smith先生吗?抱歉。他不在这里。今天早上他结账离开了
21、。 选项A.check in(在旅馆)登记入住, (在机场)检票登机； 选项B. drop in 顺道拜访；选项C. check out 结账退房,结账离开(诊所)；选项D. drop out 退学;退出(比赛等)。根据上文，他不在这里可知，他结账离开了。选项C符合题意。故选C。11. Some institutions have established reading clubs to promote reading, but the effort, though _, is far from enough.A. appreciatedB. appreciatingC. having app
22、reciatedD. to appreciate【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：一些机构已经建立了阅读俱乐部来促进阅读，但这种努力虽然受到赞赏，但还远远不够。这句话是由though引导的让步状语从句，努力和赞赏的关系是被动关系，所以这句状语从句的完整形式是though the effort is appreciated。在状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句主语一致，且有be动词时，则省略主语和be动词，那么这句话就变成though appreciated。故此题选A。12. The law of market shows _ a product becomes rare to
23、 reach, its price will certainly rocket.A. unlessB. onceC. thoughD. since【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意：市场规律表明，一旦某产品稀缺，其价格肯定会飙升。A. unless除非； B. once一旦；C. though尽管；D. since自从。once用作连词时，意为“一旦就”，用于连接时间状语从句，符合句意。故选B。13. Continuous hot days are getting to be more than I can take.Hold on. According to the weather f
24、orecast people _ have some relief by the weekend.A. wouldB. shouldC. needD. must【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：连续的炎热天气越来越让我受不了了。等一下。根据天气预报，到周末人们应该会松一口气。A. would将会；B. should应该；C. need需要；D. must必须。根据时间状语by the weekend可以判断本句是对于将来的推测，而should表示的推测通常是基于一定的事实基础，然后进行推理的结果，will表示对将来推测几乎是信心满满，此处结合上文According to the
25、 weather forecast可知为基于一定事实的推测，应用should，故选B。14. So he told you youd got the job?_,but he said they were impressed with me.A. Not exactlyB. Dont mention itC. Not a littleD. Dont say so【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查语言交际。句意：所以他告诉你你应聘上工作了？不完全是，但是他说他们对我的印象很深刻。 Not exactly表示不完全否定，“不完全是、不完全如此、不全对”；Dont mention it常用于别人道谢时的
26、回答，是“不用谢、别客气、不足挂齿”的意思；Not a little表示“很、非常”；Dont say so是一句汉语式表达，非地道英语。 根据下一句“but he said they were impressed with me”可知，答语中对于对方所说的话没有完全否定，所以A项符合语境。故选A项。15. The Belt and Road Initiative responds to the trend of the times and surely has broad prospects.So its time to _and get some work done on the proj
27、ect.A. roll out the red carpetB. fill our shoesC. tighten our beltD. roll up our sleeves【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查习惯表达辨析。句意：“一带一路”顺应时代潮流，前景广阔。所以，是时候卷起袖子来完成这个项目了。A. roll out the red carpet隆重欢迎；B. fill our shoes很好地顶替，就位；C. tighten our belt节约度日；D. roll up our sleeves撸起袖子加油干。结合后文and get some work done on the proje
28、ct可知此处想表达“撸起袖子加油干”应用roll up ones sleeves。故选D。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When three young men found themselves with an extra ticket to a Red Sox baseball game, they decided to give their ticket to a homeless man who was happy to be given the chance t
29、o _16_.Sean, Lugo, Francisco, and another one of their friends had been preparing to see the Sox play _17_ the Toronto Blue Jays at Fenway Park in Boston last week when a family _18_ forced their fourth companion to _19_ his plans for the game.As the three young men were on their way to the park, th
30、ey were trying to _20_ who they could invite to the gameand thats _21_ Lugo got an idea.“I wanted to take someone who would appreciate the _22_ and have the time of their lives,” Lugo told CNN.Lugo eventually found the perfect _23_ for the spare ticket after they passed a homeless man named John. In
31、 addition to offering the man some money, Lugo asked if he wanted the _24_ Red Sox ticketto which John _25_ said “Hell yeah, lets go.”The young men happily _26_ John to his seat and bought him a beer to enjoy during the game. As they all sang songs and _27_ from the stands, Lugo says that John seeme
32、d to greatly enjoy the _28_ of the stadium._29_ John left the stands, he shook the hands of his three new friends and took a _30_ with them in front of their seats.“He thanked us for everything and he expressed his _31_,” Lugo told CNN. “Maybe the game could _32_ the stress that comes with being _33
33、_ for the few hours at the game.”Since _34_ the photos to Twitter, Lugo hopes that the pictures will help to show other people just what _35_ a small good deed can make.16. A. relaxB. competeC. dineD. shelter17. A. forB. downC. onD. against18. A. backgroundB. customC. emergencyD. conference19. A. ma
34、keB. cancelC. outlineD. conduct20. A. assumeB. contactC. decideD. advocate21. A. whenB. howC. whyD. where22. A. journeyB. ticketC. shelterD. art23. A. loserB. holderC. purchaserD. receiver24. A. expensiveB. speedingC. spareD. return25. A. reluctantlyB. abruptlyC. immediatelyD. literally26. A. accomp
35、aniedB. rushedC. fastenedD. limited27. A. sufferedB. cheeredC. shelteredD. jumped28. A. architectureB. arrangementC. appearanceD. atmosphere29. A. WhileB. UntilC. BeforeD. Unless30 A. pictureB. seatC. measureD. position31 A. intentionB. gratitudeC. sympathyD. concern32. A. createB. endureC. bringD.
36、relieve33. A. homelessB. thankfulC. thrilledD. available34. A. spottingB. developingC. processingD. posting35. A. senseB. differenceC. impressionD. discovery【答案】16. A 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. B【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。三个年轻人
37、把一张多余的棒球赛票送给了一名流浪汉John，并带他去了比赛现场，John非常喜欢体育场的气氛，感谢三个年轻人为他所做的一切。三个年轻人希望向人们展示一件小小的善举能给他人带来多大的改变。【16题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：三个年轻人发现自己多一张Red Sox棒球赛的票，于是他们决定把票送给一个流浪汉。流浪汉很高兴能有机会放松一下。A. relax放松；B. compete比赛；C. dine宴请；D. shelter保护。根据下文As they all sang songs and _12_ from the stands, Lugo says that John seemed to gre
38、atly enjoy the _13_ of the stadium.和Maybe the game could _17_ the stress that comes with being可知看棒球赛使人快乐，使人放松。故选A。【17题详解】考查介词辨析。句意：上周，Sean, Lugo, Francisco和他们的另一个朋友准备观看Red Sox队对阵多伦多Blue Jays队在波士顿芬威公园的比赛时，家里突发事件迫使他们的第四个同伴取消了观赛计划。A. for为了；B. down往下；C. on在之上；D. against对阵，反对。此处表示比赛时两队对阵，故选D。【18题详解】考查名词辨
39、析。句意：上周，Sean, Lugo, Francisco和他们的另一个朋友准备观看Red Sox队对阵多伦多Blue Jays队在波士顿芬威公园的比赛时，家里突发事件迫使他们的第四个同伴取消了观赛计划。A. background背景；B. custom风俗；C. emergency紧急情况；D. conference会议。根据forced their fourth companion to _4_ his plans可知这个队友由于家里突发事件迫使他取消观赛计划，故选C。19题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：上周，Sean, Lugo, Francisco和他们的另一个朋友准备观看Red Sox队
40、对阵多伦多Blue Jays队在波士顿芬威公园的比赛时，家里突发事件迫使他们的第四个同伴取消了观赛计划。A. make使得；B. cancel取消；C. outline概述；D. conduct实施。根据with an extra ticket和forced their fourth companion to _4_ his plans可知这个队友被迫取消了计划，故选B。【20题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：在这三个年轻人去公园的路上，他们试图决定可以邀请谁去看比赛这时Lugo有了一个主意。A. assume假定；B. contact联系；C. decide决定；D. advocate提倡。此处指
41、他们试图决定把多余的票送给谁，故选C。【21题详解】考查副词。句意：在这三个年轻人去公园的路上，他们试图决定可以邀请谁去看比赛这时Lugo有了一个主意。A. when什么时候，在那时；B. how如何，怎样；C. why为什么；D. where在哪。此处指在那时，故选A。【22题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我想选一个欣赏这张票、享受人生的人。A. journey旅行；B. ticket票；C. shelter庇护；D. art艺术。此处指an extra ticket to a Red Sox baseball game，故选B。【23题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：在经过一个名叫John的流浪汉后
42、，Lugo最终找到了多余棒球赛票的完美接受者。A. loser失败者；B. holder持有者；C. purchaser购买者；D. receiver接受者。此处指他们决定把棒球赛票送给John，故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：Lugo除了给了John一些钱，还问他是否想要那张Red Sox队的多余票，John立刻说:“好啊，我们走吧。”A. expensive昂贵的；B. speeding高速行驶的；C. spare额外的，多余的；D. return来回的。此处指an extra ticket to a Red Sox baseball game，和extra同义，故选C。【25
43、题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：Lugo除了给了John一些钱，还问他是否想要那张Red Sox队的多余票，John立刻说:“好啊，我们走吧。”A. reluctantly不情愿地；B. abruptly突然地；C. immediately立即；D. literally逐字地。John受到如此好的待遇，所以立刻欣然接受。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：这个年轻人高兴地陪着John到他的座位上，还给他买了杯啤酒，让他在比赛时喝。A. accompanied陪伴；B. rushed急忙；C. fastened固定；D. limited限制。此处指Lugo陪伴John找到座位，故选A。【27题
44、详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他们在看台上唱歌欢呼，Lugo说，John似乎非常喜欢体育场的气氛。A. suffered遭受；B. cheered欢呼；C. sheltered庇护；D. jumped跳跃。根据they all sang songs和常识，可知比赛时观众们在看台上欢呼，故选B。【28题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：他们在看台上唱歌欢呼，Lugo说，John似乎非常喜欢体育场的气氛。A. architecture建筑；B. arrangement安排；C. appearance外表；D. atmosphere气氛。此处指比赛现场热烈的气氛，故选D。【29题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：在Jo
45、hn离开看台之前，他和他的三个新朋友握了握手，并在他们的座位前合影留念。A. While在时候；B. Until直到；C. Before在以前；D. Unless除非。根据in front of their seats可知是离开看台之前，故选C。【30题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：在John离开看台之前，他和他的三个新朋友握了握手，并在他们的座位前合影留念。A. picture照片；B. seat座位；C. measure测量；D. position位置。根据下文the photos 和Lugo hopes that the pictures will help to show可知是拍照，故选A
46、。【31题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：“他感谢我们所做的一切，他表达了他的感激之情。” Lugo 告诉CNN。A. intention意图；B. gratitude感谢；C. sympathy同情；D. concern担心。根据He thanked us for everything可知是表达感激之情，故选B。【32题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：也许比赛可以缓解几个小时无家可归的压力。A. create创造；B. endure忍耐；C. bring带来；D. relieve减轻。根据上文give their ticket to a homeless man who was happy to be
47、given the chance to relax.可知比赛可以暂时缓解无家可归者的压力，故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：也许比赛可以缓解几个小时无家可归的压力。A. homeless无家可归的；B. thankful感谢的；C. thrilled兴奋的；D. available可获得的。结合上文give their ticket to a homeless man who was happy to be given the chance to relax.和John的身份可知指无家可归的人，故选A。【34题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：自从在推特上发布了这些照片后，Lugo希望这些照
48、片能帮助向其他人展示一件小小的善举能带来多大的改变。A. spotting发现；B. developing发展；C. processing加工；D. posting公布，张贴。此处指把照片发布到Twitter上，故选D。【35题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：自从在推特上发布了这些照片后，Lugo希望这些照片能帮助向其他人展示一件小小的善举能带来多大的改变。A. sense感觉；B. difference差异；C. impression印象；D. discovery发现。make a difference “有影响，有关系”，故选B。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳
49、选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题7此处指上文提到的an extra ticket to a Red Sox baseball game，故选ticket。小题9此处指an extra ticket to a Red Sox baseball game，和extra同义，故选spare。小题15根据下文the photos 和Lugo hopes that the pictures will help to show可知是拍照，故选picture。小题16根据He thanked us for everything可知是表达感激之情，故选gratitude。第三部分阅读
50、理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASupermarket packaging often contains common English words that are oddly confusing. Heres what you need to know to safeguard your health.ImitationA food that simulates another food but isnt made of the same stuff is an imitatio
51、n, right? Not quite. It should be labeled imitation only if it has a lower amount of protein or some other essential nutrient than the food its copying.FreePackages bearing the words fat-, sugar-, or sodium-free may still contain trace amounts of those substances. The FDA evaluates these terms accor
52、ding to a typical portion size known as an RACC (reference amounts customarily consumed per eating occasion). An RACC of eggnog, for example, is a half cup, and for croutons, its 7 g. To be labeled free of calories, a food should have fewer than 5 calories per RACC; to qualify as fat- or sugar free,
53、 less than 0.5 g per RACC; and to be labeled sodium-free, fewer than 5 mg per RACC.Reduced/LessDont be fooled: Just because a product claims to have reduced fat or to contain less sugar doesnt mean its low in the stuff you should avoid in excess(过量). Such terms just mean the amount is lower than usu
54、al; the food might not meet the standard for low at all. These phrases indicate a relational claim compared with a reference food. The reduced substance (for example, total fat, sugar, etc.) should be at least 25 percent less per RACC than the amount in an appropriate reference food.36. According to
55、 the passage, the food should be labeled _.A. imitation when it has as much essential nutrient as the copied foodB. sugar free if the sugar is fewer than 5 mg per RACCC. reduced fat if it is indeed low in the stuff you should avoid in excessD. reduced sugar if it is 30 % less per RACC than the amoun
56、t in the reference food37. The passage is intended to _.A. explain some words on packagingB. remind us of tricky words on food labelsC. suggest ways to protect your health consciouslyD. point out mistaken labels requiring to be improved【答案】36. D 37. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。超市的包装经常包含一些让人费解的英语单词。短文介绍了一些识破包装上一些词汇
57、的的知识，目的是让我们购物时购买健康食品，使我们更健康。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据Reduced/Less中的“the reduced substance (for example, total fat, sugar, etc.) should be at least 25 percent less per RACC than the amount in an appropriate reference food.”可知，每个RACC中的还原物质（如，全脂，糖，等等）应比适当参考食品中的含量至少少25%才能打标签。所以根据这篇文章，如果每RACC比参考食品中的含量少30%，那么食品就应该贴
58、上还原糖的标签。故选D项。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据Supermarket packaging often contains common English words that are oddly confusing. Heres what you need to know to safeguard your health. 超市的包装常常包含一些常见的英语单词，这些单词很奇怪，让人困惑。 为了保护你的健康，以下是你所要知道的知识。由此判断出短文的目的是为了提醒我们食品标签上的诡计多端的词汇。故选B项。BThe idea that some kids pick up information
59、 better when its presented visually, and others physically or by listening, is a myth(错误观念) that could rob children of opportunities to learn and a waste of parents money, according to scientists.Researchers at the University of Michigan looked at the pervasiveness of myths about so-called learning
60、styles. They questioned what is known as psychological essentialism(本质主义): The idea that the category something fits into is determined by a biological truth with a genetic basis. For instance, girls liking pink, pit bulls being violent, or visual learners only remembering information when it is pre
61、sented to them in a specific way.They thought despite the theory existing for decades, there is no evidence to suggest tailoring a persons learning experience to their self-reported learning style helps them to remember information.The researchers recruited a total of 668 U.S. adults for the study,
62、asking them about their beliefs about learning styles. Respondents were asked to rate their agreement or disagreement with statements like People are born with a tendency to have a certain learning style. In both surveys, over 90 percent of participants said they believed in learning styles. And aro
63、und half of the people tested said they believed that we are born with learning styles; that they can easily be identified; inherited from our parents; and help to predict what a child will do in life.Shaylene Nancekivell, a visiting scholar at the University of Michigan and study co-author, told Ne
64、wsweek: We should be using best practices in our classrooms and at home to teach our children. The popularity of the learning style myth and commercial products means that it is very easy to spend money and time on programs or strategies that may not be helping children learn. My biggest concern is
65、that time is being spent teaching young children maladaptive strategies for learning. It is important that children from a very young age are taught with the best practices so they will succeed.Asked how the study was limited, Nancekivell explained: We need to reexamine and better understand our fin
66、dings with educators. It will be important to dive deeper into educators beliefs and reexamine our finding that educators who work with younger children are more likely to view learning styles in an essentialist light. We also need to better understand how the differing beliefs we have discovered tr
67、anslate into practice.Dr. Paul A. Kirschner also commented: The study identifies origins of the belief, and thus is possibly theoretically or philosophically significant, it stops there. The real problem is that THEY rob children of opportunities to learn by branding or classifying them as belonging
68、 to a specific group that cannot do certain things. Its also a good excuse for parents to blame teachers and schools for their childrens poor study habits and for schools and teachers to blame makers of learning materials.38. What effects will learning style myth probably cause?Robbing children of l
69、earning opportunities.Wasting childrens time and money.Acquiring maladaptive learning strategies.Being taught with the best practices.Believing they are born with a certain learning style.A. B. C. D. 39. What does the word “THEY” in last paragraph refer to?A. Different beliefs.B. Both surveys.C. Lea
70、rning styles.D. Origins of the belief.40. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Children arent born with learning styles.B. Self-reported learning style helps children succeed.C. What is psychological essentialism and its effect?D. Experts have different attitudes toward learning styles.【答案】38.
71、 B 39. C 40. A【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要驳斥了孩子天生具有学习方式这种观点，认为我们应该使用更好的方法去教孩子。【38题详解】细节理解题。第一段提到了rob children of opportunities to learn(让孩子丧失学习的机会)，第五段提到了being spent teaching young children maladaptive strategies for learning(把时间花在教导孩子学习的不良适应策略上)，第二段提到了The idea that the category something fits into is determin
72、ed by a biological truth with a genetic basis(某物所属的类别是由具有遗传基础的生物学“真相”所决定的。)由此可见都是“learning style myth”带来的影响。故选B。【39题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“The real problem is that THEY rob children of opportunities to learn by branding or classifying them as belonging to a specific group that cannot do certain things.(真
73、正的问题是，他们剥夺了孩子们学习的机会，通过给他们打上烙印或将他们归类为某个特定的群体，使他们不能做某些事情。)”结合文意及上文可知，应该是学习方式剥夺了孩子学习的机会。所以they指代“learning styles(学习方式)”。故选C。【40题详解】主旨大意题。第一段The idea that some kids pick up information better when its presented visually, and others physically or by listening, is a myth(错误观念) that could rob children of o
74、pportunities to learn and a waste of parents money, according to scientists.（科学家称，有些孩子通过视觉展示，而有些孩子通过听觉或身体接触能更好地获取信息，这种观点是错误的，可能会剥夺孩子学习的机会，浪费父母的钱）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，文章主要驳斥了孩子天生具有学习方式这种观点，认为我们应该使用更好的方法去教孩子。故选A。CSweet potato plants dont have spines or poisons to defend themselves. But some have evolved a
75、 clever way to let hungry herbivores (食草动物) know they arent an all-you-can-eat buffet, a new study finds. When one leaf injured, it produces a chemical that warms the rest of the plant and its neighbors to make themselves inedible (不宜食用的)to bugs. Sweet potato breeders could potentially engineer plan
76、ts to produce the chemical as an all-natural pest defense.Plant ecologists led by Axel Mithofer of the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology in Jena, Germany, started to look into sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) defenses after they noticed something interesting about two varieties of the plant gr
77、own in Taiwan: The yellow-skinned, yellow-fleshed Tainong 57 is generally herbivore-resistant, but its darker orange cousin, Tainong 66, is plagued (造成麻烦) by insect pests.To find out why the team offered up Tainong 57 and 66 plants to hungry African cotton leafworm caterpillars (毛虫).Both plants rele
78、ased at least 40 airborne compounds as the caterpillars snacked on their leaves. But Tainong 57 produced a lot more of a chemical called DMNT, which has a very distinct smell, the team details this month in Scientific Reports. (“The smell is not nice,” Mithofer says. “You wouldnt want it as a perfum
79、e.”)DMNT isnt a new compound; researchers have isolated (分离出) the smelly chemical from other plants such as corn and cabbage, and it is known to induce defense responses in some species.To determine whether this was happening in sweet potatoes, scientists set up two experiments. First, they put two
80、plants next to each other and wounded one so it produced DMNT. Then, they exposed healthy Tainong 57 plants to DMNT they had synthesized (合成).In both cases, the DMNT caused the exposed plants to produce more of a protein called sporamin in their leaves. (Tainong 66 did not have the same reaction.) W
81、hen the caterpillars snack on sporamin, “they immediately stop eating because they dont feel well,” Mithofer says.Sporamin is the main protein in sweet potato tubers (块茎),and is indigestible raw, which is why sweet potatoes must be cooked for humans to enjoy them. “If the caterpillars could cook it,
82、 they could eat it,” Mithofer says. Theoretically, he says, sweet potato breeders could use genetic engineering to make different varieties of sweet potato produce as much DMNT as Tainong 57, and display the same defense responses.Still, the research isnt ready for prime time, cautions plant ecologi
83、st Martin Heil. DMNT might work in the lab, but in the field, airborne chemicals can be “blown away in seconds,” says Heil, who studies plant-insect interactions at the National Polytechnic Institute in Irapuato, Mexico.Mithofer himself has no plans now to create genetically engineered sweet potato
84、plants, because they would not be a viable (能活下去的) crop in Europe, where genetically modified crops are outlawed. So for now, Tainong 66 will have to put up with being a caterpillar salad bar.41. What is the purpose of the experiment carried out by Axels team?A. To find out why DMNT has a very disti
85、nct smell.B. To determine which sweet potato suits caterpillars better.C. To find out why Tainong 57 resists bugs while Tainong 66 doesnt.D. To determine what compounds are released when bugs eat sweet potatoes.42. Which is an example of the underlined words “defense response” in Paragraph 4?A. Rese
86、archer isolated the smelly chemical from plants.B. Corn produces a chemical to avoid being eaten by bugs.C. Two plants are put next to each other for an experiment.D. Caterpillars have stomach trouble when they snack on sporamin.43. The tone of the this passage can be described as .A. humorousB. ser
87、iousC. causalD. subjective44. Whats the authors attitude towards GM Tainong 66?A. Supportive.B. Objective.C. Opposed.D. Skeptical.【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，有些甘薯植物在叶子受损时会产生一种化学物质来保护自己不被食草动物吃掉。植物生态学家对此现象进行了深入的研究。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Tainong 57 is generally herbivore-resistant, b
88、utTainong 66, is plagued by insect pests.”和第三段的“To find out why, the team offered up”可知，Tainong 57一般都是抗草食动物的，但Tainong 66却受到害虫的侵扰，因此，Axel的研究小组做实验是为了找出Tainong 57能抵抗虫子，而Tainong 66却不能的原因。故选C。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“DMNT isnt a new compound; researchers have isolated (分离出) the smelly chemical from other pla
89、nts such as com and cabbage, and it is known to induce defense responses in some species.”可知，DMNT并不是一种新的化合物，研究人员已经从其它植物如玉米和卷心菜中分离出这种有臭味的化学物质，人们知道它能使某些物种产生防御反应，因此玉米产生一种化学物质以避免被虫子吃掉是“防御反应”的一个例子。故选B。【43题详解】推理判断题。由第三段的“You wouldnt want it as a perfume.(你不会想要DMNT作为香水的)”和第六段中的“If the caterpillars could co
90、ok it, they could eat it,”(如果毛毛虫能将甘薯煮熟，它们就可以吃甘薯了)”和最后一段的“So for now, Tainong 66 will have to put up with being a caterpillar salad bar.(所以现在，Tainong 66将不得不忍受成为毛毛虫的美味餐馆)可知，从这几处可以看出，文章中使用了“比喻”和“拟人”的写作手法，给人带来的是“幽默的”感觉。A. humorous 幽默的；B. serious严肃的；C. casual 漫不经心的；D. subjective主观的。故选A。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一
91、段中的“Mithofer himself has no plans now to create genetically engineered sweet potato plants, because they would not be a viable crop in Europe, where genetically modified crops are outlawed. So for now, Tainong 66 will have to put up with being a caterpillar salad bar.”可知，Mithofer本人目前还没有计划创造转基因甘薯植物，因
92、为在欧洲，转基因作物是不合法的，因此它们不会成为一种可种植的作物。所以现在，Tainong 66将不得不忍受成为毛毛虫的美味餐馆。因此从作者引用研究人员的研究结果来看，作者接受目前的现状，即对于Tainong 66的态度是“客观的”，没有表现出支持、反对和怀疑的态度来。A. Supportive.支持的；B. Objective.客观的；C. Opposed.反对的；D. Skeptical. 怀疑的。故选B。DThe three phases of life are increasingly a thing of the past. Where once working lives fitt
93、ed neatly into the model of education, employment and then retirement, the simplicity of that division is being challenged by changing standards of the workforce.Increasing numbers of workers, nearing their long-imagined transition into retirement, seem to be actively postponing the moment at which
94、they down tools. Newly released figures from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) have shown that there are over a million more over 50s in part-time work than a decade ago. And with nine out of 10 employers reporting difficulties hiring workers, theres likely to be a growing market for their ta
95、lents as bosses extend their searches to older people, including those who are willing to take on part-time responsibilities.The ending of the three phases of working life isnt simply down to people living longer or financial necessity though those are certainly important factors but also to an incr
96、easing desire to maintain a purposeful life. One survey of British retirees over 50 found that 85 per cent of them felt theyd retired too young stopping working had left a void that they subsequently regretted.The 2015 film The Intern conveyed this human need to have value. In it, Robert De Niro pla
97、ys a 70-year-old widower who finds himself a fish out of water when he joins a trendy internet start-up. In the end, not only does he find the sense of belonging that he craves but his colleagues come to rely on his experience and different perspective. Its a plot we can increasingly expect to play
98、out in real-life offices over the decades to come as people live ever longer.Already, we are seeing people in their 50s and 60s looking ahead to a retirement lasting 30 years, choosing instead to build second careers that they can maintain into their 70s or beyond. Freed from the financial burden of
99、 young children, they can prioritise flexibility, shorter working hours or more rewarding jobs in areas such as charity work or teaching. Many do it for no money at all, volunteering behind the till in charity shops or showing people round National Trust properties.However, its the next generation w
100、here the effect of living longer will really be felt, and the financial necessity will start to bite. In the West, more than half of the children born in 2016 have a life expectancy of more than 100 years. In their book, The 100-Year Life, London Business School professors Lynda Gratton and Andrew S
101、cott suggest that acquiring sufficient funds to see oneself through a 40- or 50-year retirement will likely be beyond all but the highest earners.Then theres the often repeated claim that young people today are the first generation to be poorer than their parents. Certainly property prices are chang
102、ing the way they plan for the future. In the mid-Nineties, the average home cost less than three times the average wage; last year, ONS stats placed that ratio at eight times wages.The overall effect of these trends is that young people recognize that they will likely have to postpone dreams of reti
103、rement and instead strap on(绑住) more debt spread over longer spans. Its why 44 per cent of under 30s say they expect to be working well into their 70s and why data this year from the Bank of England show that 16 per cent of UK mortgages(按揭贷款) now have terms of 35 years or more a figure that has trip
104、led in the past decade.All of these factors look set to contribute to a workforce that has a significantly wider range of ages in the future. In an era of work when weve all learned to be more inclusive, only eight per cent of firms with a diversity programme have adapted it to go beyond gender, rac
105、e and sexuality and into age. Incorporating older employees into the workforce is set to be the next big thing at the office. If Robert De Niro has anything to teach us, its that this can be an enormous force for good for both employees and businesses.45. What do the underlined words “down tools” in
106、 Paragraph 2 mean?A. stop workingB. undertake part-time jobsC. learn a new skillD. imagine the future life46. The following may account for the ending of the three phases of working life EXCEPT _.A. a longer lifeB. financial needsC. a meaningful lifeD. delayed retirement policy47. The author introdu
107、ces the details of the film The Intern in order to _.A tell us Robert De Niro is a helpful retireeB. indicate that retirees can also benefit societyC. illustrate that retirees desire to live meaningfullyD. share Robert De Niros second career with us48. What trend will the next generation face?A. The
108、ir life expectancy will be longer.B. They will be richer than their parents.C. They can live within their means.D. They will fail to pay off their mortgage.49. The main reason for young people postponing retirement is _.A. longing for a more purposeful lifeB. inability to make their ends meetC. a sh
109、orter term of mortgagesD. eagerness for experience from old employees50. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Different attitudes to retirement between the young and old.B. Financial issues facing both old people and young people.C. Age being no bar in the modern world of work.D. The new stand
110、ards of the workplace.【答案】45. A 46. D 47. C 48. A 49. B 50. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。曾经的人生的三个阶段：教育、就业、退休正在受到变化的劳动力标准的挑战。在现代职场中，年龄并不再是障碍。【45题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词前面“Increasing numbers of workers, nearing their long-imagined transition into retirement, seem to be actively postponing the moment ”可知，越来越多的工人正在接近他们想象中
111、的退休过渡期，而他们似乎在积极地推迟这一时刻。从而猜测即他们停止工作的时刻。所以down tools为“停止工作”之意。故选A。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The ending of the three phases of working life isnt simply down to people living longer or financial necessity though those are certainly important factors but also to an increasing desire to maintain a purposeful l
112、ife.( 这三个职业生涯阶段的结束，不仅仅是因为人们寿命延长或经济需要尽管这些当然是重要的因素还因为人们越来越渴望维持一种有目的的生活。)”可知，延迟退休政策不是解释职业生涯三个阶段的结束的原因。故选D。【47题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The 2015 film The Intern conveyed this human need to have value.( 2015年的电影实习医生就表达了这种人类对价值的需求。)”及本段内容可知，电影罗伯特德尼罗扮演的角色虽然已经70多岁，但找到了自己渴望的归属感。从而推断作者介绍这部电影是为了说明退休人员渴望过有意义的生活。故选C。【48
113、题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“However, its the next generation where the effect of living longer will really be felt(然而，真正感受到寿命延长的影响的是下一代) ”可知，下一代将面临的趋势是他们的预期寿命将会更长。故选A。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段“young people today are the first generation to be poorer than their parents. Certainly property prices are changing the way
114、 they plan for the future. ( 今天的年轻人是第一代比他们的父母更穷的人。当然，房价正在改变他们对未来的规划。)”和第八段“The overall effect of these trends is that young people recognize that they will likely have to postpone dreams of retirement and instead strap on(绑住) more debt spread over longer spans.（这些趋势的总体影响是，年轻人认识到他们可能不得不推迟退休的梦想，而不得不在更
115、长的时间里背负更多的债务。）”可以推断，今天的年轻人入不敷出是他们推迟退休的主要原因。故选B。【50题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段All of these factors look set to contribute to a workforce that has a significantly wider range of ages in the future.（所有这些因素看来都将导致未来劳动力的年龄范围明显扩大） 结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍曾经的人生的三个阶段：教育、就业、退休正在受到变化的劳动力标准的挑战。在现代职场中，年龄并不再是障碍。故选C。第II卷（两部分，共35分）第四
116、部分 任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。For many students, preparing for an exam involves last-minute efforts of intense cramming(死记硬背), but getting ready for an exam is not all about studying.There are other important things a student can d
117、o to ensure his success on an exam, such as maintaining a positive state-of-mind and good physical health. Just as an athlete prepares for a game or a race with a regimen of mental and physical exercises, a student has to do everything he can to be ready for an exam. Here are a few things you absolu
118、tely have to do when preparing for an exam.A few days before the exam, you want to complete all of the main reading assignments for your course and make notes for yourself. That means reading lecture notes, revising past assignments, and books that are relevant to the upcoming examination. By doing
119、this, you will be able to understand the major concepts in the course that you have to understand to pass your exam. Moreover, revising course notes helps you to understand what has been taught, which places you in a better position to answer any question you might come across. Should you come acros
120、s a concept that you do not understand, approach your instructor or fellow students, and ask them for assistance. Ask them to help you understand the concepts so that if they come up in the exam, you will not struggle to answer them. Knowing the key concepts of this course, the next step is to devel
121、op a realistic study timetable. Coming up with a schedule you can stick to is one of the best exam preparation approaches you can use. With a realistic schedule, you know how much time you will spend reading up on a course or a concept. A timetable arranged around eight hours of continuous studying,
122、 for instance, is not realistic. Very few students are capable of concentrating for long durations, and even fewer are capable of internalizing information gathered during long study sessions, especially if they use digital technology in their studies.While the majority of study advice guides focus
123、on how to prepare mentally for an exam, getting the rest of your body into the mood is equally important. Physical and mental readiness will give you the extra energy you need to take a long test. One great way to prepare your body for an exam is by listening to music. You can listen to your favorit
124、e songs while showering or when commuting to the exam location. Scientific studies show that music improves recall and memory encoding by binding information with auditory input.One of the tips before an exam students often ignore is wearing the appropriate clothes. While choosing what to wear on ex
125、am day, think about the weather. Youre most likely going to be seated for a couple of hours during the exam. During this time, you shouldnt have to put up with uncomfortable temperatures occasioned by the clothes you wear. The right clothing safeguards against distractions, allowing you to concentra
126、te fully on the job at hand.Title: Essential Things to Do During Exam_51_IntroductionIn addition to good physical health, students must prepare for an exam_52_ just as athletes do for a game.Revising your reading assignmentslBefore the exam, go over concepts _53_to the examination.l_54_ your instruc
127、tors or classmates when you have doubts about some concepts.Setting realistic objectivesDeveloping a realistic schedule has become more necessary especially in the_55_times as technology could possibly _56_ us from concentrating long and internalizing information.Taking some time to_57_ up your body
128、lPhysical and metal readiness can ensure you extra energy for a long test.lListening to music is _58_to memory improvement by combining information with auditory input.Dressing comfortablyProper clothes can_59_you of uncomfortable temperatures and help you with your_60_on the exam.【答案】51. Preparatio
129、n(s) 52. mentlly 53. relevant/related/relating 54. Consult 55. digital 56. prevent/discourage/keep/stop 57. wake 58. helpful/beneficial 59. rid 60. concentration/focus【解析】这是一篇说明文。对许多学生来说，备考需要在最后一刻进行紧张的死记硬背，但备考并不只是学习。文章主要就准备考试必须做的事情进行了一些说明和建议。【51题详解】考查名词。根据第二段中Here are a few things you absolutely hav
130、e to do when preparing for an exam.可知这里有一些你在准备考试时必须要做的事情。结合文章主要提出了一些准备考试时建议做的事情。由此可知，文章题目是准备考试时必须做的事情。表示“准备”应用名词preparation，此处也可用复数形式。单词首字母要大写。故填Preparation(s)。【52题详解】考查副词。根据第二段中There are other important things a student can do to ensure his success on an exam, such as maintaining a positive state-o
131、f-mind and good physical health.可知学生还可以做其他重要的事情来确保他在考试中成功，比如保持积极的心态和良好的身体健康。由此可知，除了良好的身体健康，学生们必须像运动员为比赛做心理准备一样为考试做准备。修饰动词prepare应用副词mentally，表示“心理上”。故填mentally。【53题详解】考查形容词。根据第三段中A few days before the exam, you want to complete all of the main reading assignments for your course and make notes for y
132、ourself. That means reading lecture notes, revising past assignments, and books that are relevant to the upcoming examination.可知考试前几天，你要完成所有的主要阅读作业，并为自己做笔记。这意味着要阅读课堂笔记，修改过去的作业，以及与即将到来的考试相关的书籍。由此可知，考试前，复习一下与考试有关的概念。故填relevant/related/relating。【54题详解】考查动词。根据第三段中Should you come across a concept that yo
133、u do not understand, approach your instructor or fellow students, and ask them for assistance. Ask them to help you understand the concepts so that if they come up in the exam, you will not struggle to answer them.可知如果你遇到一个你不理解的概念，去找你的老师或同学，向他们寻求帮助。让他们帮助你理解这些概念，这样当他们出现在考试中，你就不会很难回答了。由此可知，当你对某些概念有疑问时
134、，请向你的导师或同学咨询。表示“咨询”应用动词consult，此处为祈使句，句首动词应用原形，首字母大写。故填Consult。【55题详解】考查形容词。根据第四段中Very few students are capable of concentrating for long durations, and even fewer are capable of internalizing information gathered during long study sessions, especially if they use digital technology in their studies
135、.可知很少有学生能够长时间集中注意力，更少的学生能够内化在长时间学习过程中收集到的信息，特别是当他们在学习中使用数字技术时。由此可知，制定一个现实的时间表已经变得更加必要，特别是在数字时代，因为技术可能会阻止我们长期集中和内化信息。表示“数字的”应用形容词digital，修饰time，作定语。故填digital。【56题详解】考查动词。根据第四段中Very few students are capable of concentrating for long durations, and even fewer are capable of internalizing information ga
136、thered during long study sessions, especially if they use digital technology in their studies.可知很少有学生能够长时间集中注意力，更少的学生能够内化在长时间学习过程中收集到的信息，特别是当他们在学习中使用数字技术时。由此可知，制定一个现实的时间表已经变得更加必要，特别是在数字时代，因为技术可能会阻止我们长期集中和内化信息。表示“阻止某人做某事”短语有prevent/discourage/keep/stop sb. from doing sth.，且could后跟动词原形。故填prevent/disco
137、urage/keep/stop。【57题详解】考查动词。根据倒数第二段中While the majority of study advice guides focus on how to prepare mentally for an exam, getting the rest of your body into the mood is equally important.可知虽然大部分的学习建议都集中在如何为考试做好心理准备上，但是让你身体的其他部分进入到情绪中也同样重要。结合右边主要是关于如何唤醒身体，准备考试。由此可知，此处是指花点时间来唤醒你的身体。表示“唤醒”短语为wake up，
138、且上文Taking some time to为不定式，故应填动词原形。故填wake。【58题详解】考查形容词。根据倒数第二段中One great way to prepare your body for an exam is by listening to music. You can listen to your favorite songs while showering or when commuting to the exam location. Scientific studies show that music improves recall and memory encoding
139、 by binding information with auditory input.可知让身体为考试做好准备的一个好方法就是听音乐。你可以在洗澡或去考试地点的路上听你最喜欢的歌曲。科学研究表明，音乐通过将信息与听觉输入结合，提高了回忆和记忆编码。由此可知，听音乐可以将信息和听觉输入结合起来，从而有助于提高记忆力。表示“有助于，有益于”形容词为helpful/beneficial，作表语。故填helpful/beneficial。【59题详解】考查动词。根据最后一段中During this time, you shouldnt have to put up with uncomfortabl
140、e temperatures occasioned by the clothes you wear. The right clothing safeguards against distractions, allowing you to concentrate fully on the job at hand.可知在这段时间里，你不应该忍受由衣服引起的不舒服的温度。合适的衣服可以防止分心，让你完全专注于手头的工作。由此可知，合适的衣服可以让你摆脱不舒服的温度，帮助你集中精力考试。表示“摆脱”短语为rid of，且can后跟动词原形。故填rid。【60题详解】考查名词。根据最后一段中During
141、 this time, you shouldnt have to put up with uncomfortable temperatures occasioned by the clothes you wear. The right clothing safeguards against distractions, allowing you to concentrate fully on the job at hand.可知在这段时间里，你不应该忍受由衣服引起的不舒服的温度。合适的衣服可以防止分心，让你完全专注于手头的工作。由此可知，合适的衣服可以让你摆脱不舒服的温度，帮助你集中精力考试。上
142、文your为形容词性物主代词，可知应填名词，表示“集中”应用名词concentration/focus。故填concentration/focus。61. 阅读下面短文，结合图表内容，按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的短文。Every year, many college students graduate and they feel distressed and confused because they do not know whether they should choose to continue their postgraduate studies or get employed?
143、 In fact, either option has its own advantages and disadvantages.If you are passionate about learning and can devote yourself to it, then choose to apply for a postgraduate course. Of course, you can also enter into society to sharpen your skills and enrich your experience after graduation from coll
144、ege or university.写作内容1. 用约30个词概括上述图文内容；2. 结合上述信息，简要分析大学生毕业后考研和就业人数变化的原因；3. 请联系自身谈谈你将来大学毕业后的选择(就业还是读研)并说明理由(不少于两点)。【写作要求】1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3. 不必写标题。【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。_【答案】College graduates options have changed a lot these years. In 2013, most of college graduates entered
145、 into society while the majority of college students want to continue post-graduate studies in 2019.There are some reasons accounting for the great change of college graduates options. For one thing, with the economy booming in China, our society lacks different kinds of qualified talents. Young peo
146、ple with higher degrees are badly needed in some fields. For another, some college students feel it hard to adapt to the competitive society. They intend to acquire more knowledge and accumulate more life experience.As for me, I want to get employed after graduation. Firstly, I hope to land a well-p
147、aid job so that I can reduce my parents financial burden. Secondly, I think it helps to enrich my work experience. Only in this way will I fit in society as soon as possible.【解析】【分析】这是一篇读写任务。本文主要讲述近年来大学生在毕业后的选择发生了很大变化。由原来的大多数人选择毕业后就业改变为读研。而“我”毕业后选择就业，这样能减轻父母的经济负担并且有助于丰富自己的工作经验，使自己尽快融入社会。【详解】本篇要求考生首先
148、对文章进行总结，观察图标和阅读短文可知：近年来，大学毕业生的选择发生了很大变化。2013年，大部分大学毕业生进入社会，而在2019年大部分大学生希望继续研究生的学习。总结时注意时态和词数。其次分析大学生毕业后考研和就业人数变化的原因。这部分也要注意时态和词数。最后联系自身谈谈你将来大学毕业后的选择（就业还是读研）并说明理由。根据分析我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和短语有：change， enter into，the majority of college students，continue post-graduate studies，account for，with the econom
149、y booming，higher degree，adapt to，acquire more knowledge，accumulate more life experience，get employed，after graduation，reduce financial burden，enrich my work experience，fit in society。可以使用的衔接词：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last，Above all。2.表并
150、列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not onlybut (also) 。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误。【点睛】范文内容全面，字数适当，表达符合规范，语言流畅符合逻辑，全篇没有中文式表达。文中运用了主从复合句，例如：Firstly, I hope to land a well-paid job so that I can reduce my parents financial burden.此句中so that引导目的状语从句；Only in this way will I fit in society as soon as possible.此句中运用了倒装句。还使用了一些分词结构，例如：There are some reasons accounting for the great change of college graduates options.句中使用了现在分词短语作后置定语。这些从句和分词结构的使用不仅为文章增色添彩，也展示了作者扎实的语言功底。
