1、温馨提示：此题库为Word版，请按住Ctrl，滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，关闭Word文档返回原板块。考点1 单项填空一、 名词1.( 2012湖北卷T29) It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any.A. symptom B. similarity C. sample D. shadow【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意为:定期检查你的眼睛对核查是否有眼部疾病的迹象很重要,这些眼部疾病可能没有任何症状。s
2、ymptom 症状;similarity 类似,相似;sample样本,标本;shadow影子。这里指的是眼部疾病的“症状”, 所以应该选A。2.( 2012湖北卷T30) The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct _ in applying for a visa.A. pattern B. procedure C. program D. perspective【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意为:那位官员坚持认为迈克尔在申请签证时没有遵循正确的程序。pattern模式,模板; procedure程序,手续,步骤
3、; program节目; perspective态度,观点。遵循的应该是正确的“程序,手续”, 故正确选项为B。3. (2012山东卷T24) My first of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.A. expression B. attention C. satisfaction D. impression【解析】选D。考查名词。句意为:我对他的第一印象是他是一个善良且有思想的年轻人。expression表达,表示,表情;attention注意,留心;satisfaction满意,满足;impression印象。由句意
4、可知选D。4. (2012福建卷T25) Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency ?Well, you know, English is my .So it is my best choice.A. strength B. talent C. ability D. skill【解析】 选A。考查名词词义。句意为:你为什么选择在国际旅行社工作?噢,你知道,英语是我的强项。因此这是我最好的选择。A项strength长处;B项talent才华,天赋;C项ability能力;D项skill技能。故选A。5.(2012江西卷
5、T29)Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future .A. purpose B. reference C. progress D. memory【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意为:为了以后参考,你最好记下那个饭馆的电话号码。A项意为“目的”;B项意为“参考”;C项意为“进步”;D项意为“记忆”。根据句意,选B。6.(2012天津卷T3)You are working too hard. Youd better keep a between work and relaxation.A. promise
6、 B. lead C. balanceD. diary【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意为:你工作太努力了。你最好保持在工作和放松之间的平衡。promise诺言;lead领先;balance平衡;diary日记。keep a balance为固定短语,意为“保持平衡”,符合句意,故选C。7.(2012浙江卷T7)Youras a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.A.operationB.growth C.performance D.character【解析】选C。考查名
7、词辨析。句意为:如果你养成思考怎样学习的习惯,作为一名学生,你的表现将会是非常优秀的。operation操作,手术;growth增长;performance表现,表演;character性格,特色,角色,人物。8. (2012江苏卷T21)Can I help you with it?I appreciate your, but I can manage it myself.A.adviceB.question C.offerD.idea【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意为:需要我帮忙吗?谢谢你帮忙的提议,但我自己能行。A项表示“建议”;B项表示“问题”;C项表示“提议”;D项表示“主意”。9.
8、(2012四川卷T15) He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. Its just a matter of.A.luck B.value C.time D.fact【解析】选C。考查名词。句意:他迟早会理解你的努力的。这仅仅是时间的问题。根据句意可知,应选择time。Its just a matter of time.这只是时间的问题。luck运气;value价值,重要性;fact事实。10.(2012全国卷T19) The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are i
9、n great _ in this city.A.quantity B.progress C.production D.demand【解析】选D。考查名词。句意:哈利波特丛书非常受欢迎;这些书在该城市需求量很大。be in great demand表示be wanted by many people,意为“广受欢迎”,符合语境;in quantity大量,大批;in progress在进行中;in production在生产中。故选D。二、 主谓一致1. (2012湖南卷T35) All the scientific evidence that increasing use of chemic
10、als in farming damaging our health.A.show; areB.shows; are C.show; is D.shows; is【解析】选D。考查主谓一致。句意为:所有的科学证据表明在农业生产中越来越多地使用化学物品对我们的健康有害。evidence为不可数名词,作主语时谓语动词用单数;题干中的第二个空的主语应该是use,为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数,故D项正确。2. (2012陕西卷T12) The basketball coach, as well as his team, interviewed shortly after the match for t
11、heir outstanding performance.A.were B.was C.isD.are【解析】选B。考查时态和主谓一致。句意为:比赛后不久,那位篮球教练和他的队员们因为他们的出色表现而受到了采访。根据句意可知事情已经发生,所以用过去时,排除C和D。主语后接as well as短语作插入语时,谓语动词形式不受其影响。这里的主语The basketball coach是单数,所以谓语动词应该用单数,B项符合题意。【方法技巧】“主谓一致”讲原则主谓一致一般讲究“三原则”: 语法一致原则, 意义一致原则和就近一致原则。此题涉及语法一致的原则:当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with
12、, with, as well as, together with, no less than, besides, except, but, including等引起的短语时,谓语动词不受这些插入语的影响,依然和主语保持一致。例如:(1)The father with his two sons has gone to the cinema. (2)No one except the two boys was late for class. 三、冠词1.(2012重庆卷T24) Sam has been appointedmanager of the engineering department
13、 to takeplace of George.A. /, / B.the, / C.the, the D. /, the【解析】选D。考查冠词。句意为:Sam代替了George,被任命为工程部经理。第一个空是表示头衔、职务的名词,在句中作主语补足语时,不能加冠词;第二个空是固定搭配:take the place of代替。故选D。【误区警示】特指并非都加“the”(1)误导原因:一般情况下,表示特指时,常加定冠词the。(2)去伪存真:当表示头衔、职务的名词作表语、同位语或补足语时,虽然也是特指,但其前不加冠词。2.(2012安徽卷T21) Carl is studying food sci
14、ence at college and hopes to open up meat processing factory of his own one day.A. /; a B. /; the C.the; a D.the; the【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意为:卡尔正在大学学习食品科学,希望将来某天开办一家属于自己的肉类加工厂。第一空为课程科目,前不加冠词;第二空意为“一家”工厂,应该使用不定冠词,故选择A项。3.(2012全国卷T22) Sarah looked atfinished painting with_ satisfaction.A.不填; a B.a; the C.the;
15、不填 D. the; a【解析】选C。考查冠词。句意:Sarah满意地看了看已完成的绘画。with satisfaction表示“满意地”,是固定短语,中间没有冠词;另外,根据句意和语境也可判断出第一个空填the,因为此处表示特指。故选C。4.(2012山东卷T29) Being able to afford drink would be comfort in those tough times.A.the; the B.a; a C.a; 不填 D.不填; a【解析】选B。考查冠词。句意为:在那些艰难的时期,能够买得起一杯酒会是一件欣慰的事。drink此处是可数名词,意为“(饮料,尤指酒的)
16、一杯,一口”,a drink表示泛指,而不是特指,不能用the;a comfort此处是抽象名词具体化的用法,指具体的一件令人欣慰的事情。根据以上分析可知选B。【方法技巧】抽象名词具体化一般来说抽象名词为不可数名词,但当抽象名词表示具体的东西时,可用作可数名词且词义发生变化,叫抽象名词具体化。主要类型如下:(1)抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。例如:抽象名词(不可数) 具体化(个体名词,可数名词)surprise惊讶 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事success成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事)honor荣誉 an honor一个(件)引以为荣的人(事)f
17、ailure 失败 a failure一个失败者(2)抽象名词与a(an)连用,淡化了抽象概念,转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。例如:Would you like to have a walk (swim, bath, talk) with me?It is a waste of time reading such a novel.5.(2012全国卷T7) He missed_gold in the high jump, but will get _ second chance in the long jump.A.the;the B.不填;a C.the;a D.a;不填【解析】选
18、C。考查冠词的用法。句意:他在跳高比赛中没有赢得金牌,但是,在跳远比赛中他还有一次(获得金牌的)机会。gold在表示“金子、黄金”时,是物质名词,不可数,但是表示“金牌”的意思时,为可数名词。第一个空表示的是大家都知道的跳高比赛中的那块金牌,所以用the;第二个空用a second表示“又一、再一”。故选C。6.(2012江西卷T21)The Smiths dont usually like staying at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by sea.A. /; aB.the; the
19、C. /; the D.the; a【解析】选C。考查冠词。句意为:史密斯一家人通常不喜欢待在旅馆里,但是去年夏天他们在海边一个很好的旅馆里待了几天。第一个空后面的hotels是复数,也表示泛指,所以不加冠词;by the sea“在海边”为固定用法。故第二个空后的sea前加the。【误区警示】区别by sea与by the sea(1)误导原因:混淆by sea与by the sea的含义和用法。(2)去伪存真:by sea 意为“乘船”;by the sea是指“在海边”。7.(2012辽宁卷21) I woke up withbad headache,yet byevening the
20、pain had gone.A.the;theB.the;anC.a;theD. a ;an【解析】选C。考查冠词的用法。某些不可数名词前面常常有不定冠词,如have a headache, catch a cold, have a fever等。故第一空填不定冠词a。第二个空特指当天的晚上,故填定冠词the。句意为:我醒来的时候头痛得厉害,然而到晚上的时候疼痛消失了。8.(2012浙江卷T2)The development of industry has been gradual process throughouthuman existence,from stone tools to mo
21、dern technology.A.不填; the B.the;a C.a;不填 D.a;a【解析】选C。考查冠词。句意为:纵观人类存在的过程,从石器到现代技术,工业的发展是一个渐进的过程。existence意为“存在”时,是不可数名词,故此处不加冠词。process意为“过程”时是可数名词,此处需加不定冠词。9.(2012四川卷T18)We are said to be living in_ Information Age, _ time of new discoveries and great changes.A.an; the B.不填; the C.不填; a D.the; a【解析】
22、选D。考查冠词。句意:据说我们生活在信息时代,一个新发现和伟大的改变发生的时期。第一空是普通名词构成的专有名词,前面要加定冠词the;第二空为抽象名词具体化,表示“一个的时代”,应填不定冠词a。四、 代词1.(2012重庆卷T21)John,when shall we meet again,Thursday or Friday?. Ill be off to London then.A.EitherB.Neither C.Both D.None【解析】选B。考查代词辨析。句意为:John,我们什么时候再见面,星期四还是星期五?都不行,我那时候要去伦敦了。either(两者中)任何一个;neit
23、her(两者)都不;both(两者)都;none(三者或三者以上)都不。由答句句意“我那时候要去伦敦了”可知,这两个时间都不适合John,故选B。2.(2012全国卷T31) Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, butof them wants to, because they have work to do.A.eitherB.anyC.neitherD.none【解析】选C。考查代词。句意:拉里让比尔和彼得陪他去野餐,但是他们两个都不去,因为他们有工作要做。either两者之一;any任何一个,一些;neither两个
24、中没有一个;none三者或三者以上的人或物中没有一个。根据句意可知,此处表示“两个人中没有一个”,故选C。3.(2012山东卷T21)When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or.A.whoeverB.whereverC.whateverD. however【解析】选A。考查代词。句意为:当你看完这本书后,把它给露西或海伦或者任何人。whoever是代词,意为“任何人,无论谁”,符合句意;wherever无论什么地方;whatever无论什么;however只作副词或连词,意为“无论如何,不管怎么样;然而,可
25、是”。根据句意可知选A。4.(2012福建卷T22)Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?$4,000,orlike that.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing【解析】选C。考查代词。句意为:你有没有算出旅行的费用?四千美金,大概这么多。something为代词,表肯定。此处代指旅行费用。5.(2012全国卷T9)Sarah madeto the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.A.herself B.t
26、his C.that D.it【解析】选D。考查代词的用法。句意:今天早晨萨拉及时到达机场,赶上了飞机。make it为固定短语,表示成功做成某事。故选D。6.(2012江西卷T23)My brother would like to buy a good watch but was available from that shop.A.nothing B.none C.no oneD.neither【解析】选B。考查不定代词。句意为:我弟弟想买一块好手表,但是那家商店里没有一块合适的。这里强调一个也没有,为完全否定。A项意为“没有什么东西”;B项意为“一个也没有”; C项意为“没有人”;D项意
27、为“(两者中)没有一个”。7.(2012陕西卷T13)No matter where he is,he makesa rule to go for a walk before breakfast.A.him B.this C.that D.it【解析】选D。考查代词。句意为:不管他在哪里,早饭之前去散步成了他的习惯。句中涉及make复合宾语:to go for a walk.是真正的宾语,a rule 是宾语补足语, it为形式宾语,四个选项中只有D项it 可以作形式宾语或者形式主语。8.(2012辽宁卷28) If youre buying todays paper from the sta
28、nd, could you get _for me?A.one B.suchC.this D.that【解析】选A。考查代词的用法。句意为:如果你去售货亭买今天的报纸,能帮我买一份吗?A项用来指代可数名词,既可指人,也可指物,而且代替与前面的事物同属一类但并不是同一个;B项用来指代如前所述的这样的人或事物;C项用来指代即将要发生或将要提到的事情;D项可代替不可数名词,也可代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词单数时等同于the one,表示特指。9.(2012浙江卷T5) Studying Wendys menu, I found that many of the items are similar
29、to of McDonalds.A.thoseB.onesC.anyD.all【解析】选A。考查代词。句意为:研究一下温迪的菜单,我发现其中的很多条目和麦当劳(的菜单)相似。those可用来代替上文所提到的复数名词,此处代指the items,是特指。ones指代复数名词,是泛指。10.(2012江苏卷T23) Sophia waited for a reply, butcame.A.eitherB.another C.neither D.none【解析】选D。考查代词。句意为:索菲娅等待回复,但一个也没等到。A项表示“两者中的任意一个”;B项表示“三者或三者以上中的另一个”;C项表示“两者中
30、一个也没有”;D项表示“三者或三者以上一个也没有”。11.(2012四川卷T2) New technologies have made possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A.thatB.thisC.oneD. it【解析】选D。考查代词。句意:新的技术已经让以更低的成本更快地生产出新的产品成为可能。根据句意可知,it在句中作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式。五、 介词1.(2012湖北卷T25)The furniture,with its modern style and bright colors,su
31、its modern houses and their gardens,but looksin the garden of a traditional home.A.out of question B.out of order C.out of sight D.out of place【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意为:有着现代风格的色彩鲜艳的家居适合现代的房屋和花园,但是放在传统风格的花园里看起来就格格不入。out of question不成问题,无疑的;out of order出故障,秩序混乱;out of sight看不见,在视野之外;out of place不得其所的,不适当的,格
32、格不入的。信息词but告诉我们正确选项应该表示“不合适的,格格不入的”。【方法技巧】out of短语小结以out of开头的短语很多,有必要进行归纳积累。大家熟悉的短语包括:out of breath 上气不接下气;out of balance 失去平衡;out of date 过时; out of patience 不耐烦;out of control 失去控制;out of question不成问题,无疑的;out of order出故障,秩序混乱;out of sight看不见,在视野之外;out of place不得其所的,不适当的,格格不入的;out of style过时,不时髦;o
33、ut of work 失业;out of touch 失去联系。2.(2012安徽卷T25)You can change your job, you can move house,but friendship is meant to be life. A.ofB.onC.toD. for【解析】选D。考查介词。句意为:你可以改变工作,你也可以搬家,但是友谊是终生不变的。of life 意为“对于生命”;on life意为“有关生命”; to life 意为“给生命”;for life=for the rest of ones life,意为“终生的”。3.(2012福建卷T26)China h
34、as been pushing the reform of public hospitalsall its citizens.A.in charge of B.for the purpose of C.in honor of D.for the benefit of【解析】选D。考查介词短语。句意为:为了惠及全民,中国一直在推动公共医疗改革。in charge of负责,管理;for the purpose of为了的目的;in honor of纪念; for the benefit of为了的好处。故选D。4.(2012福建卷T33)Nothing is so easy asparents
35、to raise their expectations of their children too high.A.ofB.toC.byD.for【解析】选D。考查介词。句意为:对家长来说,没有什么比提高对孩子的期望值更容易的事情了。for对来说,后跟“对象”。5.(2012全国卷T16)100 is the temperaturewhich water will boil.A.forB.atC.onD.of【解析】选B。考查介词。句意:100摄氏度是水沸腾的温度。该空后面是由which引导的定语从句。此时,介词的判断原则是看介词与先行词之间的关系。把句子分解开来可以得到100 is the t
36、emperature and at this temperature water will boil.故选B。6.(2012北京卷34)Do you think this shirt is too tight the shoulders ?A.at B.on C.to D.across【解析】选D。考查介词。句意为:你觉得这件衬衫在肩膀这个地方是不是太紧了?at在地方;on在上面;to表地点时,指不接触;across横跨,指从肩膀的一端到另一端。7. (2012陕西卷T11)An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of
37、the committee members areit.A.against B.for C.to D.with【解析】选A。考查介词。句意为:好像是不可能达成协议了,因为大多数委员们反对。A项 against“反对”;B项for“支持”;C项to“向、朝、往、到、在”;D项with“和(其他人或物)在一起、跟、同、和、(时间)随着、有;穿戴”。结合语境知A项符合题意。8.(2012辽宁卷27)The Well Hotel stands in a quiet placethe main road at the far end of the lake.A.toB.forC.offD.out【解析】
38、选C。考查介词的用法。句意为:Well 饭店坐落于湖尽头的大路附近一个非常安静的地方。A项“对于”;B项“为了”; C项“离开,偏离”符合题意;D项“在外面”。9.(2012浙江卷T6)all the animals Ive ever had,these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.A.FromB.OfC.For D.With【解析】选B。考查介词。句意为:在我养过的所有动物中,这两只狗对口头语言最敏感。from来自;of属于,由组成;for因为;with和一起,随着,用,因为。10.(2012浙江卷T14) Brown
39、 said he was by no means annoyed;, he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.A.all in all B.for one thing C.on the contrary D.by the way【解析】选C。考查固定短语辨析。句意为:布朗说他绝不生气;相反,他很高兴能使别人清楚地了解他自己。all in all总而言之;for one thing一则;on the contrary正相反,相反地;by the way顺便说,顺便提。11.(2012江苏卷T29)Thank God,yo
40、ure safe! I stepped back, justto avoid the racing car.A.in time B.in case C.in need D.in vain【解析】选A。考查介词短语。句意为:谢天谢地,你安然无恙!我退回去了,恰好及时避开了飞驰的汽车。A项表示“及时”;B项表示“以防万一”;C项表示“需要”;D项表示“徒劳地”。六、 形容词1.(2012湖北卷T27) Can you tell thedifference between the words “require” and “request”?I sometimes get puzzled by the
41、ir meanings.A.dramatic B.regional C.apparent D.subtle【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意为:你能辨别“require”与“request”之间的微妙差别吗?有时候我被它们的意思搞得迷惑不解。dramatic戏剧性的;regional地区的,局部的;apparent表面的,明显的;subtle微妙的。搞得迷惑不解的应该是“微妙的”而不是“明显的”差别,故正确选项为D。2.(2012湖北卷T28)Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained;peop
42、le are still looking for other possible solutions.A.unchallengedB.relevant C.controversialD.contradictory【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意为:这个区域的建筑物是否应该被推倒依旧有争议,人们仍然在寻找其他可行的解决方法。unchallenged未受到挑战的;relevant有关的;controversial有争议的;contradictory矛盾的,对立的。根据后半句“人们仍然在寻找其他可行的解决方法”可知建筑物是否应该被推倒还有“争议”,所以选C。3.(2012安徽卷T23)Inter
43、est is as to learning as the ability to understand,even more so. A.vitalB.available C.specificD.similar【解析】选A。考查形容词。句意为:兴趣对学习来说和理解能力一样重要,甚至更重要。A项意为“极其重要的”;B项意为“可利用的”;C项意为“明确的,具体的;特有的,特定的”;D项意为“相似的”。4.(2012全国卷T26)The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much.A.the best B.best
44、 C.better D.the better【解析】选D。考查固定结构。句意:结果对我们来说不是很重要,但如果我们确实赢了,那就更好了。so much the better固定结构,意思是“那就更好了”,表示说话人的期望。5.(2012全国卷T29)This restaurant wasntthat other restaurant we went to.A.half as good as B.as half good as C.as good as half D.good as half as【解析】选A。考查形容词比较级。句意:这个餐馆不及我们去的另一家餐馆一半好。此处考查的是“倍数+as
45、+adj.+as.”的结构。故选A。6.(2012山东卷T33)Beyou cant expect me to finish all this work in so little time.A.reasonableB.confident C.creativeD.grateful【解析】选A。考查形容词。句意为:讲点道理吧你不能指望我在如此短的时间内完成所有的工作。reasonable讲道理的;confident有信心的;creative有创造力的;grateful感谢的,感激的。根据句意可知选A。7. (2012福建卷T32)Can you lend me the book Gone with
46、 the Wind?Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe it is still.A.availableB.affordable C.acceptable D.valuable【解析】选A。考查形容词。句意为:你能不能借给我飘这本书?抱歉。我刚把它还回图书馆。或许现在你还能借到。available可获得的; affordable支付得起的; acceptable可接受的;valuable有价值的。8.(2012北京卷28)Many people have donated that type of blood; however,
47、the blood bank needs .A.someB.less C.muchD.more【解析】选D。考查词义辨析。句意为:许多人捐了那种血型的血,但是血库需要更多的血。由句意可知,是需要更多的血,表示对比的含义,应用more。some一些;less更少的;much许多。9.(2012天津卷T10)The secretary arranged a(n) time and place for the applicants to have an interview.A.importantB.spare C.public D.convenient【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意为:秘书为求职
48、者安排了一个方便的时间和地点进行面试。important重要的; spare空闲的,备用的;public公共的;convenient方便的;便利的。根据句意选D。10.(2012浙江卷T10)The research lacksevidence, and therefore,its conclusions are doubtful.A.solid B.fierceC.severeD.potential【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。句意为:这项研究缺乏可靠的证据,因此,它的结论值得怀疑。solid可靠的,坚实的;fierce凶猛的,猛烈的,激烈的;severe严重的,严厉的,严峻的;potent
49、ial潜在的。solid evidence可靠的证据。七、 副词1.(2012湖北卷T26)“Perhaps we need to send for Dr.Smith to see what we can do about it,”Father suggestedto his neighbor who had come to discuss the problem.A.tentativelyB.thoughtlessly C.definitely D.rudely【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意为:父亲对前来讨论问题的邻居尝试着建议说:“或许我们需要请史密斯博士来看看关于这个问题我们能做点
50、什么。”。tentatively尝试性地;thoughtlessly草率地;不体贴地;definitely明确地;rudely粗鲁地。根据句意可知正确选项为A。2.(2012安徽卷T34)Queen Elizabeth is often thought to be the richest woman in the world., her personal wealth seems rather small.A.Besides B.Otherwise C.However D.Altogether【解析】选C。考查副词。句意为:人们经常认为伊丽莎白女王二世是世界上最富有的女人,可是她的个人财富似乎
51、很少。A项作为副词意思是“此外;而且”;B项意为“否则,不然的话”;C项意为“然而,可是”;D项意为“总共”。3.(2012福建卷T27)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be _respected.A.especially B.equally C.naturally D.normally【解析】选B。考查副词。句意为:任何人,无论是官员还是公交车司机,都应被同等尊重。especially尤其,特别; equally平等地;naturally自然地;normally正常地。故选B。4.(2012全国卷T13)Ne
52、xt to biology, I like physics.A.betterB.best C.the better D.very well【解析】选B。考查副词的用法。句意:我最喜欢的科目是生物,其次是物理。next to的意思是仅次于,在之后。句子的字面意思为:在生物之后,物理就是我最喜欢的科目了。由语境判断,此处应该是副词的最高级,故选B。5.(2012江西卷T34)He seems to be giving the impression that he didnt enjoy himself in Paris. , he had a wonderful time.A.Above allB
53、.Whats more C.As a resultD.On the contrary【解析】选D。考查固定短语辨析。句意为:他看起来给人的印象是他在巴黎过得不愉快。相反,他度过了一段美好时光。A项意为“首要的是”;B项意为“另外”;C项意为“结果是”;D项意为“相反”。6.(2012辽宁卷22)We used to see each other,but I havent heard from him since last year.A.especiallyB.regularly C.particularlyD.approximately【解析】选B。考查副词辨析。句意为:我
54、们过去经常见面,但是自从去年以来我就没有收到他的来信。A项“特别,尤其”;B项“经常地,有规律地”符合题意;C项“特别地”;D项“大约”。7.(2012天津卷T4)The dog may be a good companion for the old., the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Instead【解析】选B。考查副词。句意为:狗或许是老年人的好伙伴。然而,带它散步却是一大不便。besides此外,而且;however然而;therefore因此;in
55、stead代替,而不是。只有B项符合句意。8.(2012浙江卷T18)Mike was usually so careful,this time he made a small mistake.A.yetB.stillC.even D.thus【解析】选A。考查副词辨析。句意为:迈克通常非常谨慎,然而这一次他犯了个小错误。根据句中careful和made a small mistake可知此处表转折。yet然而,可是;still还,依然;even甚至;thus如此,这样,因而。9.(2012四川卷T7)The hotel is almost finished, but it needs one
56、 or two weeks to get ready for guests.A.only B.also C.even D.still【解析】选D。考查副词。句意:这家旅馆几乎完工了,但是它仍然需要一两个星期来准备接待顾客。根据句意此处应填still。A项,只有;B项,也;C项,甚至,均不合句意。10.(2012四川卷T16)I make $2,000 a week. 60 surely wont make _ difference to me.A.that a bigB.a that big C.big a thatD.that big a【解析】选D。考查副词。句意:我一星期赚2,000美元
57、,60美元真的不会给我造成多么大的影响。that此处为副词,相当于so。根据结构“that+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数”可知,应选D项。八、 动词和动词短语1.(2012湖北卷T21)Two lawyers have donated $50,000 toour schools campaign “Help the Needy”,which was started by our former headmaster three years ago.A.sponsorB.launchC.organizeD. plan【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意为:两名律师捐赠了五万美元来资助我校的前任
58、校长在三年前发起的“帮助有需要的人”这一运动。sponsor资助,赞助;launch发射;organize组织;plan计划。捐钱当然应该是“资助”,所以正确选项为A。2.(2012湖北卷T22)Finally, my thanks go to my tutor,who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper andevery page of my draft.A.approvedB.quoted C.polished D.folded【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意为:最后,我要感谢我的导师,他为我的论文提供了很
59、多建议和看法并且润色了我的每一页草稿。approve同意; quote引用; polish修改, 润色;fold折叠。根据句意可知正确选项为C。3.(2012湖北卷T23)Walking alone in the dark,the boy whistled tohis courage.A.hold upB.keep up C.set up D.take up【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意为:独自一人在黑暗中走,那个男孩吹口哨给自己打气。hold up举起,耽搁,延迟;keep up保持,维持;set up建造,创立;take up占据,开始从事。keep up ones courage
60、保持勇气,鼓起勇气。4.(2012湖北卷T24)Im so glad youve come here tothis matter in person.A.lead toB.see to C.turn toD.refer to【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意为:我很高兴你亲自来这里处理这个问题。lead to导致,引起;see to处理,解决;turn to转向,求助;refer to指的是,涉及,查阅。根据题干信息,与this matter in person搭配的应该表示的是“亲自解决问题”。5.(2012安徽卷T28)The athletes years of hard trainin
61、g when she finally won the Olympic gold medal. A.went onB.got through C.paid offD.ended up【解析】选C。考查动词短语。句意为:当这位运动员最终获得奥运金牌时,她多年的艰苦训练终于有了回报。A项意为“继续进行”;B项意为“经历;通过;完成”;C项意为“取得成功;奏效;(努力等)有了回报”;D项意为“结束”。6.(2012全国卷T27)Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _almost every word her teacher say
62、s.A.put out B.put down C.put away D.put together【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:玛丽的确擅长在课堂上记笔记。她几乎能把老师说的每个词都记下来。put out扑灭; put down放下,写下; put away放好; put together放在一起。根据句意可知选B。7.(2012全国卷T35)If she doesnt want to go, nothing you can say willher.A.persuadeB.promise C.invite D.support【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意:如果她不想去,你说什么也不能劝
63、服她。persuade劝服;promise许诺;invite邀请;support支持,赡养。由句意可知选A。8.(2012福建卷T29)You had bettersome time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.A.set aside B.take up C.put away D.give out【解析】选A。考查动词短语。句意为:你最好每天都留出一些时间来锻炼,这样你就可以保持精力充沛。set aside放到一边,留出; take up占据,从事; put away收起来放好; give out用完
64、,用尽。故选A。9.(2012全国卷T12)Weto paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.A.set aboutB.set up C.set out D.set down【解析】选C。考查动词短语。句意:那天我们开始粉刷房子,可是只完成了房子的前面部分。 set out to do sth. 开始干某事,符合语境;set about需要跟doing sth. 表示开始干某事;set up建立,创立,成立;set down写下,记下。故选C。10.(2012江西卷T24)Ive the habit of
65、calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school.A.come intoB.gone into C.got into D.run into【解析】选C。考查动词短语搭配。句意为:我已养成了在放学回家的路上看望祖父母的习惯。get into the habit of意为“养成的习惯”,是固定搭配。其他选项和the habit of 不构成短语搭配。11.(2012江西卷T30)We were all agreed that the cottage would a perfect holiday home for the family
66、.A.makeB.turn C.takeD.have【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意为:我们都一致同意这个村舍会成为一家人度假的完美家园。A项意为“造就,成为”;B项意为“变成(另一种状态)”;C项意为“带走”;D项意为“拥有”,人作主语。12.(2012陕西卷T19)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead,because the air-conditioning system.A.broke in B.broke up C.broke out D.broke down【解析】选D。考查动词短语
67、辨析。句意为:他不得不不时地停下来擦额头上的汗,因为空调坏了。break in“破门而入,插话”。break up“分手,(关系)破裂;解散等”。break out“战争(火灾)爆发,发生”。break down“谈判等失败;(机器等)发生故障;(人精神)崩溃等”。根据句意可知D项符合题意。13.(2012辽宁卷26)Rod lovesclocks.However, he never manages to put them together again.A. taking apart B.giving away C.making upD.turning off【解析】选A。考查短语辨析。句意为
68、:罗德喜欢拆钟表,然而他从来不能把它们再组装起来。A项表示“拆开,分开”符合题意;B项表示“分发,赠送”;C项表示“编造;化妆”;D项表示“关闭”。14.(2012辽宁卷35)Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until Ion Friday.A.get paid B.got paid C. have paid D.had been paid【解析】选A。考查系表结构。句意为:妈妈,我在想你能否借我几美元直到我星期五领薪水。get paid 为系表结构,而B项时态不对。15.(2012天津卷T13)Parents a
69、nd children should communicate more to the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.A.open B.narrow C.widen D.leave【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意为:父母和孩子应该多交流,以缩小他们间的隔阂,以便他们能更好地相互理解。open敞开;narrow缩小,使变窄;widen变宽;leave留下。根据句意选B。16.(2012浙江卷T12)According to scientists, our mental abilities begin t
70、o _from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.A.differB.shrinkC.failD.decline【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意为:据科学家所说,我们的智力在22岁时达到高峰,在27岁后开始下降。differ不同,相异;shrink收缩,减少;fail失败,失灵,不及格;decline拒绝,下降,衰落。17.(2012浙江卷T15)Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _ preparing your business plan.A.se
71、t outB.set about C.set off D.set up【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:有了你收集的这些信息,你就可以开始准备你的商业计划了。set out意为“动身,着手”,后面常跟不定式; set about意为“开始,着手”,后面常跟doing; set off出发,引起; set up建立。18.(2012江苏卷T26)OK, Ive had enough of it. I give up.You cant your responsibilities.A.run off with B.run up against C.run out of D.run away fr
72、om【解析】选D。考查动词短语。句意为:好吧,我受够了。我放弃。你不能逃避责任。A项表示“携带逃跑”;B项表示“意外地碰到(困难)或偶然碰到(人)”;C项表示“用光,耗尽”;D项表示“逃避,避开”。19. (2012四川卷T20)Its surprising that your brother Russian so quicklyhe hasnt lived there very long.A.picked upB.looked up C.put up D.made up【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:真令人惊讶,你哥哥这么快就学会了俄语他已经很长时间不住在那里了。pick up 拾起,
73、捡起,学会;look up 仰望,查阅,尊敬,拜访;put up 举起,张贴,提供,建造,推举,提名,供给住宿;make up组成,化妆,整理,弥补。【方法技巧】近几年短语辨析是高考必考内容,所设选项有一定的规律,即同一个副词或介词与不同的动词搭配,这就要求我们在平时的学习中多总结,多归纳。九、 情态动词1.(2012重庆卷T25)you interrupt now? Cant you see Im on the phone?Sorry Sir, but its urgent.A.Can B. Should C. Must D.Would【解析】选C。考查情态动词。句意为:你非要现在打断我吗?
74、难道你没看见我在打电话吗?很抱歉,先生,但是这个事情太紧急了。can表示“能够,许可”;should表示“应该”;must表示“非要,偏偏”,多指令人不快的事;would表示意愿。故选C。2.(2012全国卷T30) Iuse a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.A.couldnt B.mustnt C.shouldnt D.neednt【解析】选D。考查情态动词。句意:我不需要用闹钟来叫醒我,因为每天早晨六点钟,火车就从我家附近经过。Couldnt 不能;mu
75、stnt 一定不要;shouldnt 不应该;neednt不需要。根据句意可知,此处表示“不需要做某事”, 所以选D。3.(2012全国卷T17)Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _find the money.A.can B.mightC.wouldD.need【解析】选A。考查情态动词。句意:如果我能弄到钱,我会与约翰一起去欧洲度假。从主句的时态形式来看,该句不是虚拟语气,而是真实条件,所以用can表示“能够”,相当于be able to; might表示更小的可能性; would表示意愿; need必要。4.(2
76、012江西卷T22)We have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.A.may not B.neednt C.cant D.mustnt【解析】选B。考查情态动词。句意为:既然苏西不和我们一起吃饭,我们没必要买如此多的食物。情态动词+have done结构在此句子中表示对过去事情的推测、遗憾、责备等,neednt have bought意思是“本没必要买”。A项意为“不可能”;B项意为“没必要”;C项意为“一定不会”;D项意为“一定不要”。【误区警示】重视mustnt和cant的区别(1)误导原因:mu
77、stnt容易被理解为“一定不会”。(2)去伪存真:mustnt表示对将来动作的禁止;cant表示推测,意为“一定不会(是)”。例如:You mustnt hurt your younger brother.你一定不要伤害你的小弟弟。The light is off; she cant be here. 灯灭了,她肯定不在这儿。5.(2012陕西卷T23)Ithank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.A.wontB.cant C.can D.will【解析】选B。考查情态动词。句意为:我们
78、离开家期间,您对我儿子的所有帮助,我感激不尽。Cant thank you too much = cant thank you enough 表示“怎么感激也不为过,感激不尽”,所以B项符合题意。6.(2012辽宁卷24)One of our rules is that every studentwear school uniform while at school.A.mightB.couldC.shall D.will【解析】选C。考查情态动词的用法。句意为:我们其中的一项规定就是学生在校期间应该穿校服。A项表示“可能,也许”;B项表示能力或可能性;C项用于第三人称的陈述句中,在条约、规定
79、、法令等文件中表示义务或规定;D项表示意愿。7.(2012天津卷T8)Its quite warm here; we turn the heating on yet.A.couldnt B.mustnt C.neednt D.wouldnt【解析】选C。考查情态动词。句意为:这儿相当暖和;我们没必要开暖气。neednt do sth.表示“没有必要做某事”,符合句意。8.(2012浙江卷T19)Had they known what was coming next,theysecond thoughts.A.may haveB.could have C.must have had D.migh
80、t have had【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:如果他们知道接下来的事,他们或许(经过考虑后)会改变想法。本句是条件句的虚拟语气,省略了if。根据Had可知此处是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,主句应用would/could/might+have+done。故选D。【方法技巧】虚拟条件句if的省略虚拟条件句中有had, should, were时,可以将if去掉,然后把had, should, were提到主语前面。If time were to go back/ Were time to go back, I would work double hard.如果时间能倒流,我会加倍努力工作。
81、9.(2012江苏卷T28)Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _say where he was.A.mustnt B.shouldnt C.wouldnt D.mightnt【解析】选C。考查情态动词。句意为:几天后,我哥哥打来电话说他一切都好,但是他就不愿说出他在什么地方。A项表示“禁止,不准”;B项表示“不应该”;C项表示“不愿意”;D项表示“可能不”。10.(2012江苏卷T35)Happy birthday! Thank you! Its the best present Ifor.A.should
82、have wished B.must have wishedC.may have wishedD.could have wished【解析】选D。考查情态动词。句意为:生日快乐!谢谢!这是我所能期盼的最好的礼物。A项使用句型should have done表示“本应该做但是没做”,是虚拟语气;B项表示推测,放入句中意为“这是我一定期盼过的最好的礼物”,句意不通;C项表示推测,放入句中意为“这是我可能期盼过的最好的礼物”,句意不通;D项表示能力,放入句中意为“这是我所能期盼的最好的礼物”,符合句意。11.(2012四川卷T19)I got close enough to hear them sp
83、eaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao”, just as I do in China.A.must B.mightC.canD.should【解析】选B。考查情态动词。句意:我足够靠近他们,听到他们正在说中文,我就说了“你好”,像我可能会在中国做的那样。might表示可能性的推测,意为“或许,可能,大概”;must必须,必定;can 能够;should 应该。根据句意应选B项。十、 虚拟语气1.(2012安徽卷T31)Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, sh
84、e wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.A.lives B.would live C.has lived D.were to live【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:格雷丝不想搬到纽约去,因为她认为如果住在那里就不能经常见到父母了。主句说明了客观事实,if从句是对将来事实的假设,故在条件状语从句中用were to live。2.(2012湖南卷T29)Sorry,I am too busy now. If I time,I would certainly go for an outing with you.A.have hadB.ha
85、d had C.have D.had【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:抱歉,我现在太忙了。要是有时间的话我一定会和你一起出去逛逛。本题考查if引导的虚拟条件句对现在事实的虚拟。故if条件句中用一般过去时。D项为一般过去时,符合题意。A项为现在完成时;B项为过去完成时;C项为一般现在时。【方法技巧】灵活把握if引导的虚拟条件句的基本结构在学习if引导的虚拟条件句时,应当注意其特殊情况,如混合型虚拟条件句,隐含性虚拟条件句,但首要的是记住其基本结构:从句主句与现在事实相反动词过去式(be只用were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词wo
86、uld/should/could/might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式/(should/were to)+动词原形would/should/could/might + 动词原形3.(2012山东卷T30)If weadequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful.A.havent madeB.wouldnt make C.didnt make D.hadnt made【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:如果我们没有做好充分准备的话,会议不会如此成功。分析句子结构可知本句是一个虚拟
87、语气句式,根据主句中的wouldnt have been可知是对过去事情的虚拟,因此if条件句要用had done形式来表示对过去发生事情的虚拟,故选D。【方法技巧】if虚拟条件句的三种形式条件从句的谓语动词主句的谓语动词与现在事实相反动词的一般过去时(be动词一般用were)would/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反had donewould/could/might have done与将来事实相反动词的一般过去时/were to do/should+动词原形would/should/could/might+动词原形If I were you, I wou
88、ld take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。(与现在事实相反)If I had got there earlier, I would/could have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她了。(与过去事实相反)If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。(与将来事实相反)4.(2012福建卷T31)We lost our way in that small village, otherwise wemore places of interes
89、t yesterday.A.visited B.had visited C.would visit D.would have visited【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:我们在那个小村庄里迷路了,否则昨天我们会参观更多的名胜。此题考查对过去某种情况否定的假设。因为昨天迷路,所以昨天没有参观更多地方。故谓语动词用would have done。5.(2012北京卷33)We the difficulty together,but why didnt you tell me?A.should face B.might face C.could have faced D.must have f
90、aced【解析】选C。考查虚拟语气。句意为:我们本来可以一起面对困难的,但是你为什么不告诉我呢?由第二个分句可知,实际情况是“你”没告诉“我”此事,“我们”没能共同面对困难,所以此处是对过去客观事实的虚拟,应用情态动词could have done;而must have done是对过去的推测。【方法技巧】情态动词+have done在高考中经常被考查的几个角度:(1) must have done sth. 过去肯定做过某事(2) cant/couldnt have done sth. 过去不可能做过某事(3) Could have done sth. 过去本来能做但未做某事(4) shou
91、ld/ought to have done sth. 过去本来应该做某事(5) shouldnt/oughtnt to have done sth. 过去本来不应做某事(6) may/might (not) have done sth. 过去可能(没有)做过某事(7) neednt have done sth. 过去本没有必要做某事但却做了(8)would have done过去将会做某事(9)wouldnt have done过去将不会做某事6.(2012北京卷35)Dont handle the vase as if it made of steel.A.is B.were C.has b
92、een D.had been【解析】选B。考查虚拟语气。句意为:不要把那个花瓶当作是钢铁做的那样处理。as if引导的是状语从句,从句中用虚拟语气;与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,应用一般过去时。在虚拟语气中,常用were代替was。7.(2012陕西卷T17)If my carmore reliable,I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A.was B.had been C.should be D.would be【解析】选B。考查虚拟语气。句意为:假如我的车再可靠点的话,去年夏天我就不会坐飞机而是自驾去拉萨了。根
93、据时间状语last summer 可知是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。所以if从句用“had done”,主句用“would have done”。8.(2012辽宁卷33)Jack is a great talker. Its high time that hesomething instead of just talking.A.will doB.has doneC.doD.did【解析】选D。考查虚拟语气。句意为:杰克很健谈。他早就应该行动起来而不是夸夸其谈。Its high time 后面跟的that从句要用虚拟语气,结构有两种:一种是动词过去式,另一种是should+动词原形。故选D。十
94、一、时态1.(2012重庆卷T22)Kevin,you look worried. Anything wrong?Well,Ia test and Im waiting for the result.A.will take B.took C.had taken D.take【解析】选B。考查时态。句意为:Kevin,你看起来很着急。有什么事吗?嗯,我刚参加了一场考试,正在等结果。由句意“我正在等结果”可知,参加考试是发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时。will take是一般将来时;took是一般过去时;had taken是过去完成时,表示的是发生在过去某个动作之前的动作;take是一般现在时。
95、故选B。2.(2012安徽卷T26)In order to find the missing child, villagers all they can over the past five hours.A.did B.do C.had done D.have been doing【解析】选D。考查动词时态。句意为:为了找到那名失踪儿童,在过去的五个小时里村民们做了他们所能做的一切事情。根据时间状语over the past five hours可知,应该使用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。A项是一般过去时,B项是一般现在时,C项是过去完成时,都不符合题意。3.(2012全国卷T23)“Life
96、is like walking in the snow”, Granny used to say,“because every step.”A.has shown B.is showing C.shows D.showed【解析】选C。考查时态。句意:祖母过去经常说:“人生就像在雪地里行走,因为每一步都能显现出来”。根据Life is like walking in the snow可知,后半句应用一般现在时。所以选C。4.(2012全国卷T33)I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbersbefore m
97、y eyes.A.swimB.swum C.swamD.had swum【解析】选C。考查时态。句意:一下午我都在做数学题,所以我眼前全是数字。根据句意和and前面的时态可知,swim这一动作发生在had been working之后,所以要用一般过去时。【误区警示】(1)这个题很容易选D,因为有些同学看到前面是过去完成进行时,前后之间是并列关系,就误选D。事实上,做时态题时,一定要弄清楚动作的先后。(2)有些同学会误选B,因为他们没有记牢swim的过去式和过去分词。swim的过去式是swam,过去分词是swum。做这个题时,如果确实记不清了,可以想一些类似的不规则动词的过去式和过去分词,如s
98、ing-sang-sung。5.(2012湖南卷T25)Close the door of fear behind you,and you the door of faith open before you.A.saw B.have seen C.will see D.are seeing【解析】选C。考查时态。句意为:关上通往恐惧的门之后,你会很快地看到信心的大门。固定句式:do sth. and you will “做某事,就会”。C项为一般将来时,符合题意。A项为一般过去时;B项为现在完成时; D项为现在进行时。6.(2012湖南卷T27)“The moment soon,”he tho
99、ught to himself,waiting nervously.A.cameB.has come C.was coming D.is coming【解析】选D。考查时态。句意为:“这一刻就要来到了,”他自思自忖,紧张地等待着。由句中的soon及选项可知本题考查进行时态表将来。且谓语动词come用于直接引语中,故用现在进行时表将来。D项为现在进行时,符合题意。A项为一般过去时;B项为现在完成时;C项为过去进行时。7.(2012湖南卷T33)I remember you were a talented pianist at college.Can you play the piano for
100、me?Sorry,I the piano for years.A. dont play B.wasnt playing C.havent played D.hadnt played【解析】选C。考查时态。句意为:我记得在大学的时候你是个才华横溢的钢琴家。你能给我弹奏一曲吗?抱歉,我已经好多年没弹钢琴了。由情景可知,不弹钢琴这个动作应该是由过去延续到现在,符合现在完成时的用法,故C项正确。A项为一般现在时;B项为过去进行时;D项为过去完成时。8.(2012山东卷T28)After Jack had sent some e-mails, he working on his project.A.ha
101、d started B.has started C.started D.starts【解析】选C。考查时态。句意为:杰克发送了一些电子邮件后,开始着手他的工程。after引导时间状语从句,意为“在之后”,从句的动作发生在主句之前。在本题中,从句用了过去完成时,因此主句谓语动词应该用一般过去时,故选C。9.(2012山东卷T34)The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers.A.will leave B.are leaving C.have left D.were leaving【解析】选D。考查时态。句意为:
102、听说他信任的两个工人要离开,经理很忧虑。leave意为“离开”,是表示趋向的动词,用在将来时中要用be leaving来表示,一般不用will/would leave;根据时态可知用过去将来时,故选D。10.(2012安徽卷T33)Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.A.keepsB.keep C.have keptD.had kept【解析】选A。考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意为
103、:沃尔玛是美国最大的连锁超市之一,它的一些商店从周一至周六二十四小时营业。keep在此处意为“使,使得”。根据句意可知,此句是表示一般客观情况,应该使用一般现在时;由于主语是Walmart,谓语应该用单数,故选择A项。11.(2012全国卷T14)Did you ask Sophia for help?I need toI managed perfectly well on my own.A.wouldntB.dont C.didntD.wont【解析】选C。考查时态。句意:你向索菲娅求助了吗?我不必求助于她,我自己已经做得很好了。该语境中,问句和答语都表示过去时间,所以用一般过去时。故选C。
104、12.(2012全国卷T18)The managerthe workers how to improve the program since 9 am.A.has told B.is telling C.has been tellingD.will have told【解析】选C。考查时态。句意:自从上午9点经理就一直在告诉工人如何改善这一方案。此处用现在完成时还是现在完成进行时的关键就是动作是否仍然在进行,如果已经完成,选A;如果仍然在进行,选C。从语境看,动作应该是仍在进行中。故选C。13.(2012北京卷22)By the time you have finished this book
105、, your meal _ cold.A.gets B.has got C.will get D.is getting【解析】选C。考查时态。句意为:到你读完这本书的时候,你的饭菜就会凉了。by the time引导的是时间状语从句,从句中用的是现在完成时,说明主句的动作是发生在将来的,故主句应用将来时。14.(2012北京卷25)George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he .A.wouldntB.didntC.hasntD.hadnt【解析】选B。考查时态。句意为:George说过他第二天要来
106、学校看我,但他没来。由句意可知,此处是指发生在过去的动作,应用一般过去时的助动词didnt;wouldnt是过去将来时的助动词;hasnt是现在完成时的助动词,表示与现在有关的动作;hadnt是过去完成时的助动词,表示“过去的过去”。【方法技巧】巧辨一般过去时和过去完成时(1)一般过去时表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态,只与过去有关,和现在没关系,是过去某个时间或一段时间完成的动作。When he was in the city, he often went to the central supermarket.在市里的时候,他经常去中心超市。(2)过去完成时表示一件事情发生在过去,
107、而另一件事情先于它(即“过去的过去”),那么发生在过去动作前的动作或状态的动词须用过去完成时。或表示从过去的过去某一时间开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作。She had learned some English before she came to the institute.她在来学院前已学过一些英语了。Until then he had known nothing about it yet.到那时为止,他对此仍一无所知。15.(2012北京卷29)Have you heard about that fire in the market?Yes, fortunately no one .A
108、.hurt B.was hurt C.has hurt D.had been hurt【解析】选B。考查时态和语态。句意为:你听说市场上的那场火灾了吗?是的,幸运的是,没有人受伤。谓语动词hurt和主语no one之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态;此处讲述的是发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时。而had been hurt是过去完成时,表示“过去的过去”。过去完成时都有一个表示过去的动作或介词短语作为“过去”的“参照物”。16.(2012北京卷30)Our friendship quickly over the weeks that followed.A.had developed B.was de
109、veloping C.would develop D.developed【解析】选D。考查时态。句意为:我们的友谊在随后的几周里飞速地发展。由that followed可知,此处讲述的是发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时。had developed是过去完成时,表示“过去的过去”;was developing是过去进行时,表示在过去某个时间正在进行的动作;would develop是过去将来时,表示过去将要发生的事情。17.(2012江西卷T26)Look! Somebody the sofa.Well, it wasnt me. I didnt do it.A.is cleaning B.wa
110、s cleaning C.has cleaned D.had cleaned【解析】选C。考查动词时态。句意为:你瞧!有人擦了沙发。哦,不是我,我没擦。从答语来看,是一般过去时态,说明“沙发已经擦过了”,故用现在完成时表示影响和结果。A项表示“现在正在擦”; B项表示“过去正在擦”; C项表示“已经擦了”; D项是过去完成时,表示“过去的过去”。18.(2012陕西卷T24)Can I call you back at two oclock this afternoon?Im sorry,but by then Ito Beijing. How about five?A.flyB.will f
111、ly C.will be flying D.am flying【解析】选C。考查时态。句意为:今天下午两点钟我给你回电话好吗?不好意思,两点的时候我正在飞往北京的路上。五点钟怎么样?根据语境,两人谈论的是将来的事情。题干中关键词为by then,故应用将来进行时态。19.(2012辽宁卷31)I feel so excited!At this time tomorrow morning I to Shanghai.A.will be flyingB.will fly C.have been flyingD.have flown【解析】选A。考查动词的时态。句意为:我太兴奋了!明天早上这个时候我
112、就将飞往上海了。题干中的at this time tomorrow morning给出了时态的提示,要用将来进行时。A项为将来进行时,符合题意;B项为一般将来时;C项为现在完成进行时;D项为现在完成时。20.(2012天津卷T2)The letters for the boss on his desk but he didnt read them until three days later.A.were put B.was put C.put D.has put【解析】选A。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意为:写给老板的那些信件放在他桌子上了,但直到三天之后他才看。根据句意可知题干叙述的是过去
113、的事情,并且主语the letters与put之间存在动宾关系,所以要用一般过去时的被动语态,选A。21.(2012天津卷T6) Only after Mary read her composition the second time _ the spelling mistake.A.did she noticeB.she noticed C.does she notice D.she has noticed【解析】选A。考查倒装和时态。句意为:直到玛丽第二次阅读她的作文后,她才注意到这处拼写错误。“only +状语从句”放在句首时,主句的主谓部分要进行部分倒装,排除B、D两项;根据句意可知叙
114、述的事实发生在过去,所以要用过去时,排除C项,故选A项。22.(2012天津卷T12)The three of us around Europe for about a month last summer.A.travelled B.have traveled C.had travelled D.travel【解析】选A。考查时态。句意为:去年夏天,我们三人在欧洲旅行了大约一个月。根据时间状语last summer可知要用一般过去时,故选A。23.(2012天津卷T15)We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold us a ride home
115、.A. didnt offer B.wouldnt offer C.hasnt offered D.hadnt offered【解析】选D。考查时态和虚拟语气。句意为:如果哈罗德不开车送我们回家,我们昨天可以叫出租车。根据句意可知if引导的条件状语从句是对发生在过去的事实的一种假设,所以要用虚拟语气,即用过去完成时,故选D。24.(2012浙江卷T13)Peter had intended to take a job in business, butthat plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010.A.had abandon
116、ed B.abandoned C.abandon D.will abandon【解析】选B。考查时态。句意为:彼得本打算从事商务工作。但是,2010年在加拿大的那次不愉快的经历后他放弃了那个计划。根据句意可知abandon“放弃”这个动作已发生,故用一般过去时。25.(2012浙江卷T16)Alvin, are you coming with us?Id love to,but something unexpected.A.has come up B.was coming up C.had come upD.would come up【解析】选A。考查时态。句意:阿尔文,你和我们一块来吗?我愿
117、意,但是发生了意想不到的事。has come up为现在完成时,表示过去的动作对现在造成影响;was coming up表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作;had come up为过去完成时,表示过去某一时间之前已完成的动作;would come up表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作。根据语境“我愿意,但是发生了意想不到的事”导致了我没去,强调对现在的影响。故选A。26.(2012江苏卷T32)The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where hesome European business partners.A.would me
118、et B.is meeting C.meets D.had met【解析】选D。考查时态。句意为:据说经理已经从巴黎回来了,在巴黎他会见了一些来自欧洲的商业伙伴。本题中出现了三个动词:is said, arrived, met,需要搞清动作发生的先后顺序。根据句意,动词的先后顺序应该依次为:met ,arrived,is said。is said表示一般现在时, to have arrived back为不定式的完成时表示动作已完成,因此 meet动作发生在arrive这个过去的动作之前,应该用过去完成时。27.(2012江苏卷T34)The president hopes that the
119、people will be better off when he quits than when he.A.has started B.starts C.started D.will start【解析】选C。考查时态。句意为:总统希望当他卸任时人们能够比他上任时更为富有。when引导的时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时,首先排除D项。根据句意,总统上任(start)发生在卸任(quit)之前,应用一般过去式,因此答案为C。28.(2012四川卷T3)Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.Sure.A.I did B.I do C.I shall D
120、.I will【解析】选D。考查动词时态。句意:再见,约翰。改日再来。会的。我会来的。由句意可知,应用一般将来时。29.(2012四川卷T9)Did you catch what I said?Sorry. I a text message just now.A.had answeredB.have answered C.would answer D.was answering【解析】选D。考查动词时态。句意:你明白我说的了吗?对不起。我刚才在回复短信。由句意可知,此处强调过去某个时刻正在做某事,所以应用过去进行时。30.(2012四川卷T11)They are living with the
121、ir parents for the moment because their own house.A.is being rebuilt B.has been rebuilt C.is rebuilt D.has rebuilt【解析】选A。考查动词时态和语态。句意:他们现在和他们的父母住在一起,因为他们自己的房子正在重建。根据句意可知,此处强调现在正在发生的动作,故应用现在进行时,且房子与重建之间为动宾关系,所以应用现在进行时的被动式。31.(2012福建卷T24)When did the computer crash?This morning, while Ithe reading mat
122、erials downloaded from some websites.A.have sorted B.was sorting C.am sorting D.had sorted【解析】选B。考查时态。句意为:电脑什么时候瘫痪的?今天上午,当时我正在整理从一些网站上下载的阅读材料。while引导的时间状语从句谓语动词多用进行时态,又因为是“今天上午”,故用过去进行时。十二、语态1.(2012重庆卷T27)Food supplies in the flood-stricken area. We must act immediately before theres none left.A.hav
123、e run out B.are running out C.have been run outD.are being run out【解析】选B。考查时态和语态。句意为:供应洪灾地区的食物快用完了。我们必须在用完之前立刻采取行动。run out是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态,排除C、D;由第二句中的before theres none left可知,run out是将要发生的动作,应用将来时。have run out是现在完成时,表示动作的完成;are running out是进行时,可以表将来,故选B。2.(2012安徽卷T35)After school we went to the rea
124、ding-room to do some reading, only to be told that it .A.was decorated B.had decoratedC.had been decorating D.was being decorated【解析】选D。考查动词时态和语态。句意为:放学后我们去阅览室读书,结果被告知阅览室正在装修。由句子的谓语动词went可知,动作发生在过去,而装修正在进行,故需要使用过去进行时;it指代the reading-room,与动词decorate是动宾关系,故需要使用被动语态,所以应该使用过去进行时的被动语态,故选D项。3.(2012湖南卷T22
125、)Dont worry.The hard work that you do now later in life.A.will be repaidB.was being repaid C.has been repaidD.was repaid【解析】选A。考查时态和被动语态。句意为:不要担心。你现在做的艰苦的工作会在以后的生活中得到回报。由句意可知应用一般将来时,且艰苦的工作应该是被回报,故用动词的一般将来时的被动语态。A项为一般将来时的被动语态,符合题意。B项为过去进行时的被动语态;C项为现在完成时的被动语态;D项为一般过去时的被动语态。十三、非谓语动词1.(2012重庆卷T23)to wor
126、k overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.A.Having been asked B.To ask C.Having asked D.To be asked【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意为:我那天晚上因为被要求加班而错过了一场精彩的电影。非谓语动词和逻辑主语I之间是被动关系,且所表达的动作发生在谓语动词missed之前,故应用现在分词的完成被动形式。having been asked既表被动,又表完成,在句中作原因状语; to ask表主动和目的; having asked表完成和主动; to be asked表被动和目的。故选A
127、。2.(2012重庆卷T28)Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decisionat the meeting will influence the future of our company.A.to be made B.being made C.made D.having been made【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意为:我们半小时之后要开个会。在会上要做的这个决定将会影响我们公司的未来。由句意可知,非谓语动词作decision的定语。make和decision之间是被动关系,且是将来发生的动作,应用不定式的被动形式。to be ma
128、de表被动和将来;being made表被动和进行;made表被动和完成;having been made表被动和完成,但一般不作定语。故选A。3.(2012重庆卷T31)Before you quit your job,how your family would feel about your decision.A.consider B.considering C.to consider D.considered【解析】选A。考查祈使句。句意为:你在放弃工作之前,考虑一下你的家人对你的决定的看法。分析句子结构可知,before引导的是时间状语从句,其后是主句,主句中没有出现主语,说明这是一个
129、祈使句,应用动词原形consider。故选A。4.(2012安徽卷T24)I remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A.locking B.to lock C.having lockedD.to have locked【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意为:在离开办公室前我记住了关门,但是忘记了关灯。remember to do sth.意为“记住要去做某事”,remember doing sth.意为“记得以前做过某事”。本题是对发生在过去情况的客观陈述,根据but可知前
130、后是互相对立的两件事情,即“记住了关门而忘记了关灯”,故选择B项。【误区警示】句型不重要,句意最关键(1)此题极易错选A项,理解成“记得做过某事”。(2)仔细分析句子可以看出,but是对前后两种情况的转折,即“记住了做某事但是忘记了做某事”。(3)熟练掌握短语remember to do sth.和remember doing sth.的含义。(4)出题人故意把A项设成locking,也是利用思维定势remember doing sth.诱使错选,因此仔细读懂句意才是做题的关键。5.(2012安徽卷T30)When for his views about his teaching job, P
131、hilip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.A.asking B.asked C.having asked D.to be asked【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意为:当问到对教学工作的观点时,菲利普说他觉得既有趣又有意义。由于主句的主语是Philip,是别人问Philip,故应该使用过去分词。此题可以转化为When he was asked for his views about his teaching job.。6.(2012全国卷T28)The party will be held in the garden, wea
132、ther.A.permittingB.to permit C.permitted D.permit【解析】选A。考查独立主格结构。句意:如果天气允许,晚会就在花园里举行。根据句子结构可知,此处weather permitting是独立主格结构,相当于if weather permits。【方法技巧】独立主格结构独立主格结构有以下几种情况:名词或代词+名词/形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式。其中,在“名词或代词+现在分词”中,名词或代词与后面的动词是主动关系,通常在句中作时间状语、条件状语、原因状语、伴随状语和方式状语。在“名词或代词+过去分词”中,名词或代词与后面的动词是
133、被动关系,强调动作的被动和完成。在“名词或代词+动词不定式”中,名词或代词与后面的动词是动宾关系,强调动作未完成,通常作原因状语和伴随状语。例如:We walked along the street, the sun shining on us.我们走在大街上,太阳照耀着我们。Everything done, we went home.一切都完成了,我们就回家了。Lots of work to do, I have to stay up.由于有很多工作要做,我不得不熬夜。7.(2012全国卷T32) Film has a much shorter history, especially whe
134、nsuch art forms as music and painting.A.having compared to B.comparing to C.compare toD.compared to【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意:电影和音乐、绘画这样的艺术相比,历史是较短的。此处film和compare之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词。when compared to such art forms as music and painting相当于when it is compared to such art forms as music and painting。8.(2012湖南卷T21)
135、Weve had a good start,but next,more work needs to achieve the final success.A.being done B.do C.to be done D.to do【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意为:我们有一个好的开始,但是接下来,更多的工作还需要做,以实现最终的成功。need表“需要”后跟to be done或动词的-ing形式(主动形式表被动)且工作应该是被做,C项为to be done形式,符合题意。故选C。A项为现在分词的被动式,表进行、被动;B项为动词原形; D项为不定式,表将来的主动的动作。【误区警示】主动还是被动在
136、英语学习中有许多地方用主动表被动,对许多同学来说是一个难点,特别是从翻译的角度去做题的时候很容易出错。要记住:need, want, require(要求,需要), deserve(应得,值得), be worth(值得)等词后面接doing主动表被动。9.(2012湖南卷T23) Time, correctly,is money in the bank.A.to useB.used C.using D.use【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意为:时间如果用得正确的话,就是存在银行里的钱。time与use构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式表被动。B项为过去分词形式,符合题意;A项为动词不定
137、式; C项为现在分词形式;D项为动词原形。10.(2012湖南卷T31)The lecture, at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.A.startingB.being started C.to startD.to be started【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意为:于昨晚七点开始的讲座之后是通过望远镜观察月亮。本题考查非谓语动词作定语,lecture与start构成逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式作定语。A项为现在分词形式,表主动,符合题意。B项为现在分词的
138、被动式,表被动进行;C项为动词不定式,表将来未发生的动作;D项为不定式的被动式,表将来被动。11.(2012山东卷T26)George returned after the war, only that his wife had left him.A.to be toldB.telling C.being told D.told【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意为:乔治战后归来,却被告知他的妻子已经离他而去。only to be told表示出乎意料的结果,George与tell之间是被动关系,用be told;telling中tell与George是主动关系,不符合逻辑关系;表示出乎意料的结
139、果时only后面不接doing形式,C项不符合语法。故选A。【方法技巧】自然而然的结果用doing本句中only to be told that his wife had left him作结果状语,表示意料之外的结果。还有一类结果状语表示自然而然的结果,用doing结构,而不能用only to do结构。例如:There is mud and water everywhere, making it difficult to travel from place to place.到处都是泥和积水,这使得到各地旅行很困难。(本句中making it difficult to travel fro
140、m place to place作结果状语,表示前面发生的事情“到处都是泥和积水”所产生的自然而然的结果)。12.(2012山东卷T35) After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope.A.providingB.provided C.having provided D.provide【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意为:填完并签名后,请将表格装在提供的信封里返给我们。the envelope provided意为“提供的信封”,provided为过去分词作后置定语,与envelope是
141、被动关系,相当于定语从句that/which is provided。providing表示主动进行;having provided表示主动完成;provide是动词原形,在句中作谓语,不能作定语。13.(2012福建卷T28)China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea.A.attackingB.having attacked C.being attackedD.having b
142、een attacked【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意为:中国最近加紧了对黄岩岛附近海域的控制以保护中国的渔船在南海海域不被袭击。 prevent. from doing保护免受,根据句意可知“保护渔船不被袭击”,故from后为being done。【误区警示】此题容易误选成A项。 prevent. from doing保护免受,from后多为v.-ing形式。但此题中,from后为“避免被”,所以要用v.-ing的被动形式。此类结构还有stop.from doing, keep. from doing等,在判断from后的分词形式时,一定要根据句意分清主动和被动。14.(2012福建卷T
143、34)Pressed from his parents, andthat he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.A.realizing B.realized C.to realize D.being realized【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意为:迫于父母的压力,并且意识到他已经浪费了太多的时间,这个男孩子决定戒掉电子游戏。句子主语为the boy,the boy和realize 之间为主动关系,故排除B、D两项,to realize从时态上看表将来,不合题意,故选A。
144、【方法技巧】分析非谓语动词两个步骤:第一步看语态,即分析主语和非谓语动词之间是主动还是被动关系,如果是主动关系用v.-ing形式,如果是被动关系则用v.-ed;第二步看时态,即分析非谓语动词的动作和主句动作发生的先后顺序。在表主动的时候,非谓语动词的动作先于主句动作发生用having done,同时发生用v.-ing;在表被动的时候,非谓语动词的动作先于主句动作发生用having been done,同时发生用being done。15.(2012全国卷T10)Tony lent me the money,that Id do as much for him.A.hoping B.to hop
145、e C.hoped D.having hoped【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意:托尼把钱借给了我,希望我也为他做同样多的事。hoping为现在分词作状语,表示托尼借钱给我时的心理状态。【方法技巧】分清“伴随”还是“目的”类似hope, wonder这样的表示心理活动的动词,经常用它们的现在分词形式作伴随状语,如He looked at me, wondering whether I could help him or not.他看着我,想知道我是否能帮助他。16.(2012全国卷T15)The old man sat in front of the television every eve
146、ning,happyanything that happened to be on.A.to watch B.watching C.watched D.to have watched【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意:这位老人每天晚上坐在电视机前,高兴地看着正在发生的一切。happy为形容词,此处作伴随状语,表示老人的心态;做该题时,需想到的是be happy to do sth.。此时的不定式不能用to have done sth.,因为“看”不是一个先发生的动作;该题易误选watching,但是,如用watching作伴随状语,必须把happy改为happily,用来修饰watching。
147、【误区警示】除表语、定语外,形容词也可作状语形容词也可作状语,表示主语的状态,如He came back, tired out but satisfied.他回来了,疲倦但是心满意足。He wrote me a letter, eager to get my reply. 他给我写了一封信,期望得到我的回复。17.(2012北京卷T23)One learns a language by making mistakes and them.A.corrects B.correct C.to correct D.correcting【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意为:人们是在不断地犯错误并改正它们
148、的过程中学习一门语言的。correcting them和making mistakes是并列的动名词短语,作介词by的宾语。18.(2012北京卷T27) with care,one tin will last for six weeks.A.Use B.UsingC.Used D.To use【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意为:如果小心使用,一罐可以持续六周。非谓语动词use和逻辑主语one tin之间是被动关系,应用过去分词表被动。19.(2012北京卷T31) at the door before you enter my room,please.A.KnockB.KnockingC.
149、KnockedD.To knock【解析】选A。考查祈使句。句意为:在你进我房间之前,请先敲门。分析句子结构可知,before引导的是时间状语从句,其前是主句,主句中没有出现主语,说明主句是个祈使句,应用动词原形knock;而其他三个是非谓语动词形式。20.（2012 北京卷T32）Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _ away.A.to stay B.staying C.stayed D.stay【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意为:有时候鸟叫声是一种让其他鸟离开的警告。to stay away是不定式短语作warning
150、的定语。【误区警示】靠在一起的不一定是修饰关系(1)误导原因:一般情况下,作定语的非谓语动词紧跟在所修饰词的后面,所以会误以为本题中stay away修饰other birds,就会误选成B项staying。(2)去伪存真:有时,作定语的非谓语动词和所修饰词被其他成分分隔了;此时,要找出正确的被修饰词,去掉干扰词,从而做出正确的选择。21.(2012江西卷T33)Having finished her project, she was invited by the school _ to the new students.A.speakingB.having spoken C.to speak
151、D.to have spoken【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意为:完成计划后,她被学校邀请去对新生讲话。在此句中,to do sth.作目的状语,故选C。22.(2012江西卷T35)John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it.A.offered B.offering C.to offer D.to be offered【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意为:约翰真的得到这份工作了,因为他让我看了提供给他工作的那封正式信件。由句式结构可知逻辑主语letter和offer之间是主动关系,
152、且动作已发生所以用offering him it作letter的后置定语。23.(2012陕西卷T15)in a long queue,we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.A.StandingB.To stand C.Stood D.Stand【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词作状语。句意为:排成长队,我们等着店铺开门来买一台新的苹果平板电脑。stand与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,要用v.-ing形式作状语,排除C项。所以A项符合题意。24.(2012陕西卷T22)If he takes on this work, he will ha
153、ve no choice butan even greater challenge.A.meetsB.meeting C.meet D.to meet【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意为:如果接受了这项工作,那他别无选择只能会遇到更大的挑战。have no choice but to+动词原形,所以D项符合题意。25.(2012辽宁卷T25)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dogthem.A.to followB.following C.followed D.follows【解析】
154、选B。考查with的复合结构。句意为:这对老夫妇经常在晚饭后带着他们的宠物狗在公园里散步。在with的复合结构中,宾语their pet dog 与宾语补足语之间为主动关系,故用following作宾语补足语。26.(2012辽宁卷T29)This machine is very easy.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.A.operatingB.to be operating C.operated D.to operate【解析】选D。考查动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。句意为:这台机器很容易操作,任何人在几分钟之内都能学会使用它。
155、在“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构中,应用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。常见的此类形容词有easy, hard, difficult, interesting, heavy, pleasant, comfortable, safe, dangerous, impossible等,该类形容词说明的是不定式的性质。【误区警示】当动词不定式修饰作表语的形容词时一般要用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。此时不能用不定式的被动形式。27.(2012天津卷T11)He got up late and hurried to his office, the breakfast untouched.A.left B
156、.to leave C.leaving D.having left【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意为:他起床晚了,没吃早饭就匆忙去上班了。因为句子的主语he和leave之间存在主动关系,排除表被动的过去分词left;而to leave为动词不定式,一般表目的或意料之外的结果,排除B项;而having left为现在分词的完成时,表示其动作发生在主句谓语表示的动作之前,这显然不合逻辑,排除D项。leaving为现在分词作伴随状语,是正确答案。【方法技巧】非谓语动词题目的解题方法(1)找出该动词的修饰对象(2)根据“现在分词表主动、进行;过去分词表被动、完成;动词不定式一般表目的或意料之外的结果
157、,作定语时往往表将来的动作”进行进一步分析方可找到正确答案。28.(2012浙江卷T3)No matter how bright a talker you are,there are times when its bettersilent.A.remainB.be remaining C.having remainedD.to remain【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意为:不管你是一个多么聪明的健谈者,有时你最好保持沉默。it is+adj.+to do是常用句型,it作形式主语,真正的主语是不定式;it is+adj.+doing只用于一些固定句型,如its no use/no good
158、/useless.doing。故选D。29.(2012浙江卷T8)I think Tom, as the head of a big department,should either study regularly orhis job.A.quits B.to quitC.quittingD.quit【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意为:我认为汤姆作为一个大部门的主管,要么定期学习要么辞职。either.or.意为“或者或者;要么要么”,表示两者之一,连接句子中两个并列成分。此处连接两个谓语study和quit。30.(2012浙江卷T11)“Its such a nice place,”Mo
159、ther said as she sat at the table _ for customers.A.to be reservedB.having reserved C.reserving D.reserved【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意为:当母亲坐在为顾客预留的桌子旁时,她说“这地方真好。”。此处考查非谓语动词作定语, table和reserve之间是被动关系。to be reserved表将来,不合题意; having reserved不能作定语; reserving表主动进行,也不合题意。故选D。31.(2012江苏卷T31)an important decision more
160、on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.A.BasedB.Basing C.BaseD.To base【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意为:如果把一个重要决定更多地建立在情感上而不是理智上,你迟早会后悔的。根据题目与选项可知本题考查非谓语动词,C项是谓语动词,首先排除。A项过去分词表示被动,但句子的主语不是base的承受者,因此A项应排除。B项和D项都表示主动,但不定式表示将来,在句中常作目的或结果状语,与句意不符。32.(2012四川卷T8)I looked up and noticed a snake it
161、s way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A.to wind B.wind C.windingD.wound【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意:我抬头注意到一条蛇蜿蜒着爬上树去捕捉它的早餐。notice sb./sth. doing sth.注意到某人/某物正在做某事。wind的逻辑主语为snake,且与逻辑主语之间为主谓关系,所以应用现在分词winding作宾语补足语表示主动、进行。33.(2012四川卷T6)Tom took a taxi to the airport, only his plane high up in the sky.A.find
162、ing B.to find C.being found D.to have found【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆乘出租车去机场,结果却发现飞机已经起飞了。only to do 表示意料之外的结果;现在分词作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。发现飞机飞走发生在到达机场之后,所以应排除D项,故应选B。【方法技巧】非谓语动词解题步骤:一、分析句子结构,区别谓语动词与非谓语动词。二、找到逻辑主语。三、分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系。四、考虑动作发生的时间。34.(2012四川卷T12)Before driving into the city, you are requir
163、ed to get your car.A.washed B.wash C.washing D.to wash【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意:在你开车进城之前,你应该清洗你的车。get sth. done使某事被做。车辆与清洗之间是动宾关系,故选择washed表被动。十四、名词性从句1.(2012重庆卷T34)Evidence has been found through years of study_ childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.A.why B.how C.whethe
164、r D.that【解析】选D。考查名词性从句。句意为:通过多年的研究,已有证据表明孩子的早期睡眠问题很可能会持续到他们的成年时期。句中that引导的是同位语从句修饰evidence,从句中不缺少任何成分,应用that引导,故选D。【方法技巧】英语中常考的几种分隔现象(1)同位语从句和先行词的分隔。例如:A story goes that Elizabethof England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.句中的“Elizabethof England lik
165、ed nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.”是主语A story的同位语。由于该同位语较长而谓语较短,为保持句子平衡,谓语动词goes放在了主语与同位语从句之间,造成同位语从句与主语的分隔。(2)定语从句和先行词的分隔。例如:The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that faraway village.句子的主体结构为“The film brought the hours
166、back to me.”。它语意清晰,结构紧凑,同时也避免了出现类似于when I was taken good care of in that faraway village这样太长的定语,那样易造成句子失去平衡,而且把宾语hours与其补足语back to me分隔开来也会造成理解困难。2.(2012安徽卷T27)The limits of a persons intelligence,generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.A.wh
167、ereB.whether C.that D.why【解析】选B。考查名词性从句。句意为:一般说来,人的智力极限在刚出生时就决定了,但是能否达到极限取决于环境。根据句子结构可知,本题是考查主语从句的引导词,A项是副词表示地点;B项是连词表示“是否”,符合题意;C项引导主语从句时本身没有意义,也不作句子成分,但是不能省略;D项是副词表示原因。3.(2012全国卷T24)It is by no means clearthe president can do to end the strike.A.howB.whichC.thatD.what【解析】选D。考查名词性从句。句意:总统会采取什么措施来结束
168、这次罢工还不清楚。根据句子结构可以判断此处it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句。从句中do后面缺少宾语,这样可先排除A、C两项。how是副词,不能作宾语,that在名词性从句中不作成分。根据句意可知which(哪一个)放在此处不合适。故选D。4.(2012湖南卷T26)Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesnt matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time.A.why B.how C.whether D.when【解析】选C。考查名词性从句。句意为:村子里的每个人都很
169、友好。无论你在那里住的时间很短还是住了很长一段时间都没关系。C项whether是否,符合句意。A项why为什么;B项how如何,怎么样;D项when什么时候。5.(2012山东卷T25)It doesnt matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store.A.how B.whether C.what D.why【解析】选B。考查名词性从句的引导词。句意为:在这家商店不管你用现金支付还是用信用卡支付都没关系。分析句子结构可知It是形式主语,真正的主语是“ you pay by cash or credit card in this store
170、”。whether.or.意为“不管还是”,符合句意;how如何,多么;what什么;why为什么,的理由,此三项均不符合句意。6.(2012福建卷T35) We promiseattends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A.who B.whom C.whoever D.whomever【解析】选C。考查名词性从句。句意为:我们向任何参加派对的人承诺一个和影星照相的机会。whoever引导名词性从句作promise的宾语,且whoever在从句中作主语。whom 和whomever均为宾格,不合题意;
171、who从词义上不如whoever准确。7.(2012北京卷24)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt he could have expressed it differently.A.why B.how C.thatD.whether【解析】选C。考查名词性从句。句意为:Jerry并不后悔提出自己的意见,但是他感觉他本来可以换种方式表达的。由句式结构可知felt后面是一个宾语从句,从句中不缺少任何成分,故应用that引导。why在从句中作原因状语;how在从句中作方式状语;whether意为“是否”。8.(2012江西卷T25)It
172、suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.A.whether B.where C.which D.that【解析】选D。考查it的用法和固定句型。句意为:他突然想到他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。It occurs to sb. that.意为“某人突然想到某事”, 其中it是形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语。其他选项没有此用法。9.(2012陕西卷T20)As many as five courses are provided,and you are free to choose_suits you best.A.
173、whateverB.whichever C.whenever D.wherever【解析】选B。考查名词性从句。句意为:提供了多达五门的课程,你可以任意选择最适合你的一门。choose 后为宾语从句,宾语从句缺主语,排除C项和D项。结合题干five courses,有范围限定,故选择whichever。【误区警示】“whatever ”与“whichever”不可混(1)误导原因:名词性从句中缺主语或宾语用what。此句中是choose 后面的宾语从句,缺主语,所以易误选whatever。(2)去伪存真:whichever“无论哪一个”;whatever“无论什么”,都可以在名词性从句中作主语
174、或宾语,一定要注意它们之间的区别:whichever是表示从已给出的里面选择任意一个;whatever表示任何东西,无论什么东西,前面没有范围。所以如果有范围让你选,用whichever;没有范围,用whatever故选B。同理也是what 和which的区别。例如:Do whatever you like. (作like的宾语)做任何你喜欢做的事。Choose whichever of them you like best. 从它们中选一个你最喜欢的吧。10.(2012辽宁卷T34)The newcomer went to the library the other day and sear
175、ched forhe could find about Mark Twain.A.whereverB.however C.whatever D.whichever【解析】选C。考查名词性从句。句意为:这个新来的人前几天到图书馆去寻找他能找到的一切关于马克吐温的东西。空格处需引导宾语从句作介词for的宾语,该连词在从句中作find的宾语,故排除A、B两项;因没有明确的选择范围,故排除D,选C。【方法技巧】解答名词性从句的题目一定要先分析句子结构,再结合句意的需要来做出正确的选择。11.(2012天津卷T9)It doesnt matter you turn right or left at th
176、e crossingboth roads lead to the park.A.whether B.how C.ifD.when【解析】选A。考查名词性从句。句意为:在十字路口,无论你是向右拐还是向左拐,都没关系这两条路都通向公园。分析空格后面的成分可知该部分不缺成分,排除在句中需作状语的B、D两项;又因it为形式主语,matter后面的部分为真正的主语,即为主语从句;if不能与or连用,所以排除C项,故选A项。【方法技巧】名词性从句题目的解题方法名词性从句的考查点在于选择正确的连接词,其选择方法如下:(1)分析句子结构,分清主从句。(2)分析空格后面的成分,根据连接词常作的成分大致选择连接词
177、that/whether/if(不作成分)/what/which(主、宾、表)/who(主)/ whom(宾)/whose(定)/ where/when/why/how(状)。(3)再根据连接词的含义作最后的选择(其中that没有实际含义)。(4)注意:what意为“什么”,表泛指;which意为“哪一个,哪些”,表特指。12.(2012浙江卷T4)I made a promise to myselfthis year, my first year in high school, would be different.A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.how【解析】选C。考查名词性
178、从句。句意为:我给自己做出承诺:今年,是我上高中的第一年,将会与以往不同。空格处所缺词引导的是promise的同位语从句,且从句中不缺成分,句意完整,故用that。13.(2012江苏卷T27)The notice came around two in the afternoonthe meeting would be postponed.A.whenB.that C.whether D.how【解析】选B。考查同位语从句。句意为:大约在下午两点传来通知说会议将被延期。notice为抽象名词,that引导的同位语从句对notice的内容解释说明。【误区警示】同位语从句的分离(1)误导原因:同位
179、语从句或定语从句一般都紧随名词后,横线前是in the afternoon,学生容易误把此句当成定语从句选择when。(2)去伪存真:在英语中,为了句子平衡的需要,常把较长的定语从句或同位语从句移到句末,做题时可将主干部分提取来解答。本句中,notice和同位语从句分离,可将notice和从句提取解答。14.(2012四川卷T17)Scientists study human brains work to make computers.A.whenB.how C.that D.whether【解析】选B。考查名词性从句。句意:科学家们研究人类的大脑怎样工作来制造电脑。此处how引导名词性从句,
180、相当于the way in which,意为“怎样,怎么”。十五、定语从句1.(2012重庆卷T29)Sales director is a positioncommunication ability is just as important as sales skills.A.whichB.that C.whenD.where【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为:销售总监是一个交际能力和销售能力同等重要的职位。被修饰的词position是先行词,它是一个抽象的地点状语,应用where引导。which和that在定语从句中作主语或宾语;when在定语从句中作时间状语。故选D。【误区警示】小心“抽
181、象地点”名词(1)误导原因:一般情况下,position,situation,job等词并不表地点,表“地点”的通常是比较明显的含地点意义的名词,如factory,farm,school等。(2)去伪存真:当position,situation,stage,job等词在句中表示抽象的地点,且其后的定语从句中又缺少地点状语时,应用where引导。2.(2012湖南卷T34)Care of the soul is a gradual process even the small details of life should be considered.A.what B.in what C.whic
182、hD.in which【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为:对心灵的关爱是一个渐进的过程,在这个过程中,甚至生活中的小细节都应该考虑在内。本题考查定语从句,修饰先行词process,且定语从句不缺主语和宾语,in which相当于in the process,故D项正确。A项和B项中的what不可以引导定语从句。C项which必须在从句中作主语或宾语。3.(2012山东卷T23)Maria has written two novels, both of have been made into television series.A.them B.thatC.whichD.what【解析】选C。考
183、查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意为:玛丽亚已经写了两部小说,它们都被拍摄成电视连续剧了。分析句子结构可知novels是定语从句的先行词,指物时引导词要用that或which,又因为介词of后面不能接that来引导定语从句,此处的非限制性定语从句只能用which来引导;them与what都不能作定语从句的引导词,故排除。根据以上分析可知选C。【误区警示】非限制性定语从句前无连词(1)误导原因:若both前面加上连词and,那么本句就是两个并列句构成的一个复合句,即“Maria has written two novels, and both of them have been made into
184、 television series.”。(2)去伪存真:由于both of前面没有连词,所以本句是一个简单句,主语只能有一个,即Maria,那么both of have been made into television series只能从属于逗号前面的句子,both of have been made into television series是非限制性定语从句,修饰novels,此处of后面用关系代词which。4.(2012福建卷T23)The air quality in the city,is shown in the report, has improved over the
185、past two months.A.that B.it C.as D.what【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意为:正如报告所显示的,在过去的两个月里,这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。as“正如,就像”引导定语从句,先行词为air quality。A项that不能引导非限制性定语从句,B项it不能引导定语从句,D项what不能引导定语从句。5.(2012安徽卷T29)A lot of language learning, has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much
186、to their children during that period.A.asB.it C.which D.this【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意为:正如已经发现的那样,大量的语言学习发生在出生后的第一年,所以在那一时期父母应该多和孩子交谈。根据句子结构可知,本题是考查引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词,在句中作主语,指代主句整个句子的内容。A项可引导非限制性定语从句,意为“正如”;B项不能用于定语从句;C项虽然也能用于非限制性定语从句,但常常放在整个主句之后;D项也不能用于定语从句。【方法技巧】定语非定语关系词得知(1)此题考查定语从句的关系词,一定要熟记哪些词可作定语从句的关系词。(2)
187、分析句子结构,弄清是考查非限制性定语从句就可排除B、D两项。(3)不同的关系词有不同的用法,A、C两项都能用于非限制性定语从句,区别的关键在于as和which用作关系代词引导非限制性定语从句时,在句子中的位置不一样。6.(2012全国卷T8)That evening,I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A.thatB.whichC.what D.when【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意: 那天晚上我一直工作到很晚，我过后会告诉你关于那晚更详细的情况。该空引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作about的宾语,所
188、以只能用which;that不能引导非限制性定语从句;what不能引导定语从句;when可以引导非限制性定语从句,但是在从句中只作时间状语。故选B。7.(2012北京卷T26)When deeply absorbed in work, he often was,he would forget all about eating or sleeping.A.that B.whichC.whereD.when【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意为:他常常会聚精会神地工作,这时他就会废寝忘食。分析句子结构可知,when引导的是时间状语从句的省略句, he often was是状语从句中的非限制性定语从句,
189、先行词是前面的整个句子,且在从句中作was的表语,应用which引导。that不能引导非限制性定语从句;where在定语从句中作地点状语;when在定语从句中作时间状语。【误区警示】which还是that(1)误导原因:在定语从句中,当关系代词、指代不定代词或被only,next,last,序数词,形容词最高级等修饰,且在从句中作表语时,常用that引导定语从句,但不用在非限制性定语从句中。(2)去伪存真:引导非限制性定语从句,且关系代词指代整个主句时,要用which而不用that。8.(2012江西卷T28)By 16:30, was almost closing time, nearly
190、all the paintings had been sold.A.whichB.whenC.what D.that【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意为:在16:30之前,几乎是关门的时候,几乎所有的画都卖完了。which作为关系代词,指代前面的先行词16:30。B项是关系副词,不能作主语;C项和D项不能引导非限制性定语从句。9.(2012陕西卷T14)It is the third time that she has won the race,has surprised us all.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what【解析】选C。考查定语从句中关系词的选择。句意为:这是她第
191、三次赢得比赛了,这让我们大家都很惊讶。分析句子结构可知这是一个非限制性定语从句,排除A项和D项(that不能引导非限制性定语从句;what只能引导名词性从句);又因为定语从句中缺主语,所以排除B项;C项which可引导非限制性定语从句,代表整个主句的内容,翻译为“这,这一点”。所以C项符合题意。10.(2012天津卷T7)I wish to thank Professor Smith, without help I would never have got this far.A.who B.whoseC.whomD.which【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意为:我希望感谢史密斯教授,没有他的帮
192、助,我永远不会走这么远。分析题干可知“without help I would never have got this far”为定语从句修饰先行词Professor Smith,并且涉及了“介词 + whose + 名词”结构,其相当于“without his help”,故选B。11.(2012浙江卷T9)We live in an agemore information is available with greater ease than ever before.A.why B.when C.to whom D.on which【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意为:我们生活在一个能比以往
193、更容易获得更多信息的时代。age是先行词,意为“时代”,且在从句中作状语,故用关系副词when。【方法技巧】关系代词和关系副词的判断方法方法一:用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.方法二:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例如:T
194、his is the museum (that/which) you visited a few days ago. This is the museum where the exhibition was held.12.(2012浙江卷T17)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature,for some reason,had withdrawn from all human society.A.whichB.who C.whereD.whom【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意为:艾伦是一个画鸟和自然的画家,由于某种原因,他从社会退隐了。考查非限制性定语
195、从句,Ellen是先行词,在从句中作主语。解题时,先把插入语for some reason去掉。故选B。【方法技巧】去掉插入语,化繁为简命题者有意在一个句子中间插入一个从句或插入语,造成主谓隔离。解题时,如果将题干中起干扰作用的从句、介词短语或插入语(如I think/suppose/believe,do you think/suppose/believe, you know,of course等)去掉,题干就会变得很简单,从而更容易选出正确答案。例如:We agree to acceptthey thought was the best tourist guide.A.whicheverB.
196、whoever C.whatever D.whomever此题去掉插入语they thought,可知宾语从句缺主语,又能与the best tourist guide 搭配的,只有答案B。13.(2012江苏卷T22)After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _urgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter to survive.A.whichB.who C.whereD.what【解析】选B。考查定语从句中的关系代词。句意为:洪水过后,那个地区的人们遭受很大的痛苦,他们急
197、需洁净的水、药品以及居住场所以便生存。根据句子结构以及选项可知是考查间隔开的非限制性定语从句,先行词是people,所以应该选择who。which指代事物;where指代地点;what不能引导定语从句。14.(2012四川卷T13)In our class there are 46 students, half wear glasses.A.in whomB.in them C.of whom D.of them【解析】选C。考查非限制性定语从句。句意:我们班有46名学生,其中一半都戴眼镜。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构。根据句意和从句中的搭配half of.可知,应用of表示“其中”之意。十六
198、、连词和状语从句1.(2012重庆卷T30)Coach,can I continue with the training?Sorry,you cantyou havent recovered from the knee injury.A.until B.before C.as D.unless【解析】选C。考查状语从句。句意为:教练,我可以继续训练吗?很遗憾,你不能,因为你膝关节损伤还没有恢复。until直到,before在之前,二者都可引导时间状语从句;as因为,当的时候,引导原因状语从句或时间状语从句;unless除非,引导条件状语从句。根据题意,故选C。2.(2012全国卷T25)I d
199、ont believe weve met before,I must say you do look familiar.A.thereforeB.although C.since D.unless【解析】选B。考查连词和状语从句。句意:我认为我们以前没见过面,尽管我必须承认你看起来确实很面熟。therefore因此;although虽然,尽管;since自从,既然;unless除非。根据句意可知,前后之间是转折关系,所以选B。3.(2012全国卷T34)You have to move out of the waythe truck cannot get past you.A.soB.orC.
200、and D.but【解析】选B。考查连词。句意:你必须让路,否则这辆卡车不能从你旁边过去。此处or表示“转折”。4.(2012湖南卷T24)Bicycling is good exercise;, it does not pollute the air.A.nevertheless B.besides C.otherwiseD.therefore【解析】选B。考查连词辨析。句意为:骑车是一项好的锻炼方式;此外,它还不污染空气。besides此外,符合句意;nevertheless然而,不过;otherwise否则;therefore因此。5.(2012四川卷T10)If you happen
201、to get lost in the wild, youd better stay _ you are and wait for help.A.why B.whereC.who D.what【解析】选B。考查状语从句。句意:如果你碰巧在荒野中迷路了,你最好待在原地等待救援。此处where引导地点状语从句。6.(2012湖南卷T28) I always felt I would pass the exam,I never thought I would get an A.A.WhileB.OnceC.IfD.Until【解析】选A。考查状语从句。句意为:尽管我总是会感到我能通过考试,但是我从没有
202、想过我会得个“优”。A项while引导让步状语从句,表尽管,符合句意;B项once一旦,曾经;C项if 如果;D项until直到。7.(2012湖南卷T32) hard you try,it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.A.HoweverB.Whatever C.Whichever D.Whenever【解析】选A。考查状语从句。句意为:无论你多么努力地尝试,在不减少你的食量的情况下很难减肥。A项however无论如何,不管怎样,符合句意。B项whatever无论什么样;C项whiche
203、ver无论哪一个;D项whenever无论何时。8.(2012山东卷T27)He smiled politely Mary apologized for her drunken friends.A.asB.ifC.unlessD.though【解析】选A。考查时间状语从句和连词。句意为:当玛丽为她醉酒的朋友们向他道歉时,他礼貌地微笑着。as“当时候”,引导时间状语从句,符合句意;if“如果”,引导条件状语从句;unless“除非”,引导条件状语从句,相当于if .not;though“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句。根据句意可知选A。9.(2012山东卷T32)A number of high
204、 buildings have arisen there was nothing a year ago but ruins.A.whenB.whereC.beforeD.until【解析】选B。考查连词。句意为:许多高层建筑已经屹立在一年前的荒芜之地上了。when当的时候,是时间连词;where在的地方,是地点连词,引导地点状语从句;before在以前,是时间连词或地点连词;until直到,是时间连词。根据句意可知选B。10.(2012福建卷T30)It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficultiesi
205、t gets more financial support from the European Union.A.ifB.unlessC.because D.since【解析】选B。考查连接词。句意为:除非能从欧盟得到更多的资金支持,否则希腊政府很难渡过目前的困境。unless=if.not“除非,如果不”,它所引导的句子谓语动词用一般现在时表将来。11.(2012全国卷T11)I had hardly got to the officemy wife phoned me to go back home at once.A.whenB.than C.untilD.after【解析】选A。考查连词
206、和状语从句。句意:我刚到办公室,妻子就打电话让我马上回家。hardly.when为固定句型,相当于no sooner.than,表示“刚就”。故选A。12.(2012北京卷T21)Look at those clouds!Dont worry. it rains,well still have a great time.A.Even if B.As though C.In case D.If only【解析】选A。考查连词。句意为:看看那些乌云!别担心。即使下雨,我们仍然会玩得很开心。even if虽然,即使;as though好像,仿佛;in case万一,以防;if only要是就好了。1
207、3.(2012江西卷T31)You can borrow my car you promise not to drive too fast.A.unlessB.even if C.in case D.as long as【解析】选D。考查连词。句意为:只要你答应不要开车太快,就可以借我的车。A项意为“除非”;B项意为“即使”;C项意为“以防”;D项意为“只要”。根据句意,选D。14.(2012陕西卷T18)Hotthe night air was,we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.A.although
208、 B.as C.while D.however【解析】选B。考查状语从句和倒装。句意为:尽管晚间的空气很热,我们还是睡得很沉,因为走了那么长的路程后我们累坏了。句子前半部分为让步状语从句,A项、B项、C项都可表示“尽管”,引导让步状语从句,但此句用了倒装,表语hot 提前,只有as 引导让步状语从句要用倒装语序, although与while 不能用倒装,所以B项符合题意。15.(2012陕西卷T25)All the photographs in this book,stated otherwise,date from the 1950s.A.unlessB.until C.onceD.if【
209、解析】选A。考查连词及状语从句的省略。句意为:这本书里的相片,除非有说明,否则都是二十世纪五十年代的。unless = if.not,表示“除非”。unless stated=unless they are stated,是状语从句的省略。16.(2012辽宁卷T30)Leave your key with your neighboryou lock yourself out one day.A.as long asB.even though C.in caseD.as if【解析】选C。考查连词的用法。句意为:留一把钥匙给你的邻居,以防某天你把自己锁在外面。A项“只要”;B项“即使”;C项“
210、以防,万一”;D项“仿佛,好像”。17.(2012天津卷T14)Everything was placed exactly he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.A.whileB.whenC.whereD.though【解析】选C。考查状语从句。句意为:毕业典礼需要的一切东西都放在他想要放的地方了。while当时候,然而;when当时候;where哪里;though虽然,尽管。根据句意可知要用where引导地点状语从句。18.(2012江苏卷T30)Ones life has valueone brings value to the life of
211、others.A.so thatB.no matter how C.as long as D.except that【解析】选C。考查连词。句意为:只要一个人能给他人的生命带来价值,他的生命就是有价值的。A项表示“以便,因此”,引导目的或结果状语从句;B项表示“不管怎样”;C项表示“只要就”,相当于“so long as”;D项表示“除了”。19.(2012四川卷T4)At school, some students are active some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.A.whileB.although
212、C.soD.as【解析】选A。考查连词。句意:在学校,一些学生活跃,然而一些学生害羞,但是他们可以彼此成为好朋友。while在此处表对比,意为“然而”。20.(2012四川卷T14)This training program can give you a lift at work, _ increase your income by 40%.A.as well asB.so long as C.so much as D.as soon as【解析】选A。考查连词。句意:这个训练项目可以使你升职,也可以使你的收入增加40%。A项,也,除外,还;B项,只要;C项,甚至于;D项,一就根据句意应选A项
213、。十七、倒装1.(2012重庆卷T33)The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor_ it a thought.A.does he even giveB.he even gives C.will he even giveD.he will even give【解析】选C。考查倒装。句意为:校长既不会允许课程上的变革,也不会对其予以考虑。否定副词nor置于句首时,句子要使用部分倒装。由第一分句中的will可知,此处应用将来时。故选C。2.(2012江西卷T32)Never before seen anybody who
214、 can play tennis as well as Robert.A.had she B.she had C.has sheD.she has【解析】选C。考查倒装句。句意为:她以前从没见过打网球和罗伯特一样好的人。否定副词放在句首,后面的句子用倒装结构。由从句谓语动词及没有与主句动作的具体对比的时态,故选C。【方法技巧】否定副词放在句首时的倒装结构句首状语为否定词或带有否定意义的词语时,一般引起部分倒装。后面的句子倒装时,把助动词、情态动词放在主语的前面。例如:(1)Never have I found him in such a good mood.我以前从没发现他的情绪如此好。(2)
215、Seldom has there been such a happy meeting.过去很少有过这样愉快的会议。3.(2012辽宁卷T32)Not until he retired from teaching three years agohaving a holiday abroad.A.he had consideredB.had he consideredC.he considered D.did he consider【解析】选D。考查倒装句。句意为:直到三年前他从教育行业退休,他才考虑出国度假。Not until位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。故排除答案A和C。又因为题干中的thre
216、e years ago提示要用一般过去时,故选D。4.(2012江苏卷T25)There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent,?A.is there B.isnt there C.is he D.isnt he【解析】选A。考查反意疑问句。句意为:他是无辜的,你的内心对此并不怀疑,是吗?根据句子结构以及选项可知本题考查反意疑问句。that he is innocent是doubt的同位语从句,前面部分为主句。主句中的little为否定词,反意疑问句应用肯定式,因此答案为A。【方法技巧】含有主从复合句的反意疑问句的判断方法(1)含有主
217、从复合句的反意疑问句一般根据主句确定。例如:They found that Tom was innocent, didnt they?(2)含有否定前移的反意疑问句的主语的助动词与从句一致。例如:I dont think he is right, is he?5.(2012四川卷T5)This is not my story, nor the whole story. My story plays out differently.A.is there B.there is C.is it D.it is【解析】选C。考查倒装句式。句意:这不是我的故事,也不是全部的故事。我的故事与这不同。否定词
218、nor放在句首时,后边的句子应用部分倒装结构。【方法技巧】当否定词或表否定意义的短语位于句首时,其后的句子应采用部分倒装结构。常用的有never, seldom, rarely, scarcely, barely, little, few, by no means, in no way等。十八、强调1.(2012重庆卷T32)It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the AtlanticZheng He had sailed to East Africa.A.whenB.that C.after D.since【解析】选B。考查
219、强调句。句意为:在克里斯托弗哥伦布横跨大西洋80年前,郑和就航行到了东非。强调句基本结构为:It is/was.that.。本句被强调部分是时间状语从句80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic。故选B。【方法技巧】强调句型巧识别如果把强调结构去掉,句子的意思应当是完整、清楚的,句子结构也是完整的。如果把强调结构去掉后,意思不通顺,结构也不完整,则句子不构成强调句式。例如:It was because he refused to obey the policeman that he was sent to the poli
220、ce station.他是因为拒绝服从警察而被送到警察局的。把强调结构去掉,则变为:He was sent to the police station because he refused to obey the policeman.因为他拒绝服从警察,所以被送到了警察局。去掉强调部分后,句子结构和意义仍然完整,说明这是个强调句。2.(2012湖南卷T30)It was not until I came here I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.A.who B.thatC
221、.whereD.before【解析】选B。考查强调句。句意为:直到我来到这里我才意识到这个地方出名不仅仅是因为它的美丽还因为它的气候。本题考查强调句的特殊句式it was not until. that.直到才。故B项正确。十九、情景交际1.(2012重庆卷T26)The Modern Art Exhibition in the City Museum has been cancelled.Oh,no!.A.Its a pity B.It doesnt matterC.I knew it alreadyD.Its not interesting at all【解析】选A。考查情景交际。句意为:
222、城市博物馆的现代艺术展已经被取消了。哦,不!太可惜了。由Oh,no!可知,说话者觉得取消艺术展是件可惜的事。Its a pity.太可惜了;It doesnt matter.没关系;I knew it already.我已经知道了;Its not interesting at all.没什么有趣的。故选A。2.(2012重庆卷T35)Look, here comes your dream girl. Invite her to dance.What if she refuses me?A.I dont know. B. Why me? C. With pleasure. D.So what?【
223、解析】选A。考查情景交际。句意为:看,你的梦中女孩来了。快请她跳舞吧。我不知道(该怎么做)。如果她拒绝我怎么办啊?由“What if she refuses me?”可知,说话者比较犹豫,不知如何是好。而Why me“为什么是我呢”,表“不情愿”;With pleasure“非常乐意”;So what“那又怎么样呢”,表“不在乎”。故选A。3.(2012安徽卷T22)May I help you? You seem to be having some problems., thanks. I think I can manage.A.All right B.No problem C.Its a
224、ll right D.Theres no way【解析】选C。考查情景交际。句意为:我可以帮助你吗?似乎你碰到了问题。不用,谢谢。我想我自己可以应付得了!A项意为“行;好吧”,用于答应某人的请求,和后面的I think I can manage含义相反;B项意为“没有问题;没有什么”,用于表示同意或回答对方的感谢或道歉;C项意为“没事”,用于安慰对方,使对方,觉得不必担心,符合交际情景;D项相当于No way,意为“不!不行!”,用于断然拒绝做某事。4.(2012安徽卷T32)I love the Internet. Ive come to know many friends on the N
225、et. Few of them would become your real friends.A.Thats for sure B.Its not the caseC.I couldnt agree more D. Im pleased to know that【解析】选B。考查情景交际。句意为:我喜欢互联网。在网上我已经认识了很多朋友。事实并非如此,他们中很少有人会成为你真正的朋友的。A项意为“那是肯定的,那是当然”;B项意为“事实并非如此”;C项意为“我完全同意”;D项意为“了解到那个我很高兴”。A、C、D三项明显和后句意思相悖。5.(2012全国卷T21)Which one of the
226、se do you want?.Either will do.A.I dont mind B.Im sure C.No problem D.Go ahead【解析】选A。考查情景交际。句意:在这些中你想要哪一个?我不介意。任意一个都行。I dont mind我不介意;Im sure我肯定;No problem没问题;Go ahead请说吧/做吧。根据Either will do.可知,说话者不介意。故选A。6.(2012山东卷T22)Sorry Im late. I got stuck in traffic.Youre here now. Come in and sit down.A.You
227、are welcomeB.Thats right C.I have no idea D.Never mind【解析】选D。考查情景交际。句意为:对不起,我来晚了。我遇到交通堵塞了。没关系。现在你来了。进来坐下吧。A项意为“不客气,不用谢”,是对答谢的回答用语;B项意为“是的;对;没错”,不符合语境;C项意为“我不知道”,与语境不符;D项意为“没关系,不要紧”,是对道歉的回答用语,符合语境,故选D。7.(2012山东卷T31)I dont know about you, but Im sick and tired of this weather. I cant stand all this ra
228、in.A.I dont care B.Its hard to say C.So am I D.I hope so【解析】选C。考查情景交际。句意为:我不知道你感觉怎么样,我可是受不了这种天气。我也是。我受不了这种雨天。A项意为“我不在乎”,与语境不符;B项意为“很难说”,也不符合语境;C项意为“我也是”,So am I是一个省略形式的倒装句,是对Im sick and tired of this weather的回答;D项意为“我希望这样”,不符合语境。根据以上分析可知选C。8.(2012福建卷T21)What are you going to do this weekend?.If time
229、 permits, I may go to Shanghai with my friends.A.Dont mention itB.It doesnt matter C.Forget it D.It depends【解析】选D。考查情景交际。句意为:这个周末你打算做什么?看情况再说吧。如果时间允许,我会和朋友去上海。A项意为“别提它了”常用于回答别人的致谢;B项意为“没关系”;C项意为“忘了吧,别说它了”;D项意为“看情况再说吧”。9.(2012全国卷T6)What shall we do tonight then?whatever you want.A.Help yourself B.Its
230、 a deal C.No problem D.Its up to you【解析】选D。考查情景交际。句意:我们今天晚上干什么呢?你来决定你想干什么就干什么。Help yourself自便; Its a deal成交;No problem没问题;Its up to you由你决定,符合题意,故选D。10.(2012全国卷T20)Try not to work yourself too hard. Take it easy.Thanks.A.So what? B. No way. C. What for? D. You, too.【解析】选D。考查情景交际。句意:试着不要让自己工作太累。慢慢来。谢
231、谢。你也一样。You, too.你也一样,符合语境;So what?那又怎样?No way.没门,绝对不行;What for?为何目的?故选D。11.(2012江西卷T27)Have you paid? Whats my share of the bill?. It wasnt very much.A.Dont worry about it B.Its my shareC.None of your business D.Its up to you【解析】选A。考查情景交际。句意为:付钱了吗?我该拿多少?别担心,不太多。A项意为“别担心”; B项意为“我付我那份”;C项意为“不关你的事”;D项意
232、为“由你决定”。12.(2012陕西卷T16)Im sorry for being late.I should have phoned you earlier.Ive just arrived.A.Thats no trouble B.You are welcomeC.Thats all right D.You can never tell【解析】选C。考查情景交际。句意为:对不起,我来晚了。我应该早点给你打电话的。没什么。我刚到。根据上下文语境,可知此题是对 “Im sorry”的应答。Thats all right. (Thats OK.) 表示“不要紧,没关系”,符合题意。13.(201
233、2陕西卷T21)The trip shouldnt take more than an hour.It is at least two hours.A.I guess so B.Thats it C.You must be joking D.It depends【解析】选C。考查情景交际。句意为:这次出行不可能超过一个小时。你一定是开玩笑。至少要两个小时。根据后面的回答It is at least two hours.,说明第二个人对第一个人所说的不相信,四个选项中 C项“你一定在开玩笑(用以嘲笑不可信的事)”,符合题意。A项I guess so “我猜如此”;B项Thats it “你说对了
234、”;D项It depends“得看情况,说不准”,都不符合题意。14.(2012辽宁卷T23)Im terribly sorry to interrupt,but may I use your phone?Its rather urgent.Yes,.A.with pleasureB.no hurry C.it doesnt matter D.of course【解析】选D。考查情景交际。句意为:很不好意思打扰了,我能用用你的电话吗?事情很紧急。好,当然可以。A项“乐意效劳”;B项“不着急”;C项“没关系”;D项“当然可以”。根据语境应选D。15.(2012天津卷T1)Can I have a
235、 day off tomorrow, Mr. Johnson?. I can manage without you.A.Forget it B.Im afraid not C.It depends D.Of course【解析】选D。考查情景交际。句意为:约翰逊先生,明天我能请一天假吗?当然可以。没有你,我也能应付得来。Forget it算了吧,没关系;Im afraid not恐怕不行;It depends那得看情况;Of course当然可以。只有D项符合语境。16.(2012天津卷T5)You have to believe in yourself. No one else will,
236、if you dont. Confidence is really important.A.Its not my cup of teaB.Thats not the pointC.I dont think so D.I couldnt agree more【解析】选D。考查情景交际。句意为:你一定要相信自己。如果你都不相信自己,没有其他人会相信你。我完全同意。信心的确重要。Its not my cup of tea这不是我所喜欢的; Thats not the point这不是问题所在; I dont think so我不这样认为; I couldnt agree more我完全同意。根据语境
237、选D。17.(2012浙江卷T1)Is there anything else to discuss?, I guess.A.Not at allB.No, thats all C.Yes, Im sure D.Yes, of course【解析】选B。考查情景交际。句意为:还有其他要讨论的事吗?没有,我猜就这些了。not at all意为“一点也不;别客气”,经常用于回答感谢和道歉;thats all就这样,说完了; Im sure我确定; of course当然。根据I guess“我猜”,可先排除C、D两项。故选B。18.(2012浙江卷T20)Im going to San Franc
238、isco for a couple of days. I wish I could get away for a while.A.It doesnt matterB.Forget itC.I really envy youD.I cant agree more【解析】选C。考查情景交际。句意为:我要去旧金山呆几天。我真羡慕你。我希望我也能休假一段时间。It doesnt matter没关系;Forget it算了;I really envy you我真羡慕你;I cant agree more我完全同意。19.(2012江苏卷T24)Dont worry, Mum.The doctor sai
239、d it was only the flu.! Ill tell Dad theres nothing serious.A.What a relief B.Congratulations C.How surprising D.Im so sorry【解析】选A。考查情景交际。句意为:别担心,妈妈。医生说这只是流感。这下放心了!我要告诉爸爸没有什么严重的。A项表示“这下放心了”;B项表示“恭喜,祝贺”;C项表示“太惊讶了”;D项表示“我很抱歉或我很难过”。20.(2012江苏卷T33)Honey, the cats stuck in the tree.Can you turn off the T
240、V and get a ladder.?Oh, it jumped off.A.Never mind B.All right C.No problem D.Take care【解析】选A。考查情景交际。句意为:亲爱的,猫被困在树上了。你能关掉电视去拿个梯子来吗?哦,它跳下来了。不要紧的。A项表示“不要紧的”;B项表示“好吧”;C项表示“没问题”;D项表示“小心,当心”。21.(2012四川卷T1)Excuse me. How much is the shirt?.A.Extra LargeB.50 eachC.It sells well D.Altogether there are 5【解析】选B。考查交际用语。句意:打扰一下,这件衬衫多少钱?每件50。根据语境可知选择B项。A项,特大号C项,销量非常好D项,总共有5件;均不符合题意。【方法技巧】解答交际用语类题目时,一定要注意语境需符合英语表达习惯,不要受汉语思维影响。关闭Word文档返回原板块
