1、江苏省新沂市2015高考英语阅读理解一轮练习（6）（答案）阅读理解。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, genetically modified (GM, 转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world，mainly on the basis of their promise to end the
2、 worldwide food crisis. But can GM technology solve world hunger problems? Even if it would，is it the best solution?Despite what it promises，GM technology actually has not increased the production potential(潜力)of any crop. In fact studies show that the most widely grown GM crop, GM soybeans, has suf
3、fered reduced productivity. For instance, a report that analysed nearly two decades of research on major GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production.Something else, however, has been on the rise. While GM seeds are expensive, GM companies tell farm
4、ers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides(杀虫剂). On the contrary, US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops. “The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. But nei
5、ther is true，” said Bill Christison, President of the US National Family Farm Coalition.At the same time, the authors of the book World Hunger: Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production, but by problems in food
6、 distribution and politics. These indeed deserve our efforts and money. Meanwhile, the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food, according to a 2008 World Bank report.As a matter of fact，scientists see better ways to feed the world. Another World Bank rep
7、ort concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger, because better ways out are available, among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.主要讲转基因技术并不是解决世界饥饿问题最好的方式。13The author develops the second paragraph mainly_.A. by classification B
8、. by comparison C. by example D. by process答案：C。写作手法题中的段落行文题。根据第二段第三行的for instance(例如)可知，C项(by example通过举例)正确，排除by classification“通过分类”/by comparison“通过类比”/by process“根据事物发展流程”。14What does the underlined word “boost” in the third paragraph probably mean?A. Control. B. Evaluate. C. Obtain. D. Increas
9、e.答案：D。词义猜测题。 control控制；evaluate评估，评价；obtain获得；increase增加，提高，根据前后文可知，boost在此相当于increase(增加生产量)。15GM companies promise farmers that they will benefit from_.A. practising “green” farming B. use of less chemicalsC. fair distribution of their cropsD. using more crops for fuel答案：B。事实细节题。通过题干中promise和bene
10、fit from分别定位到文章第三段第二行和第四行引号部分就可选出答案。16Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards GM technology?A. Optimistic. B. Defensive. C. Disapproving. D. Casual.答案：C。态度观点题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲转基因技术并不是解决世界饥饿问题最好的方式。A乐观的；B保护的；C不赞成的；D随便的，漫不经心的。显然C项是作者对于转基因技术的态度。 【2014高考英语吉林省长春市调研试题】A阅读下列短文，
11、从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Paddling (涉水；划水）out to catch the next wave at a competition in Christchurch, New Zealand, James Tuhikarama had a heart attack, which knocked him off his surfboard (冲浪板).He almost choked to death in the water, lost consciousness, and was soon floating facedown
12、in the ocean.For a few moments, no one noticed as he drifted away from the main competition area. About that time, Hira Edmonds, 25, a lifeguard and a senior instructor for a surf-safety company, was teaching 14 other lifeguards the finer points of emergency rescue on the second floor of a building
13、overlooking New Brighton beach. Edmonds had watched dozens of surfers ride the waves that day. As he glanced out of the window, he saw someone in a wet suit facedown in the water. It doesnt take much to realize someones in trouble, says Edmonds. Lifeguards are never really off duty. Edmonds called t
14、he team, grabbed first aid equipment, and rushed down to the water. The lifeguards dragged Tuhikarama, 47 and a father of two, to the beach. More than a dozen rescuers took turns pumping oxygen and pressing his chest to start his breathing again. For nearly an hourfar longer than a single lifeguard
15、would have been able to continue the lifesaving techniquethe team continued all these. An ambulance finally arrived and took Tuhikarama to the hospital, where he spent a week unconscious in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) while his brain and heart healed.A month after he recovered, Tuhikarama reunited wit
16、h six of the teenage lifeguards who saved him. Being spotted by a group of lifeguards was the only thing that saved me, he says. Ive been given a second chance.56. What was James Tuhikarama doing when he had a heart attack?A. Surfing the internet.B. Taking part in a competition.C. Paddling a boat in
17、 the ocean.D. Swimming in the swimming pool.57. What can we learn from the text?A. James called for help before he drifted away.B. James had two sons watching him on the beach then.C. No one was willing to help James except the lifeguards.D. James met the lifeguards after he came out of hospital. 58
18、. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A. Lifeguards are always off duty.B. James didnt know who saved his life.C. It took James several days to come back to life.D. Hira was learning to rescue lives when he spotted James. 59. Where will you probably read this text?A. In a newspaper.
19、B. In a textbook.C. In a fashion magazine.D. In a science fiction.A篇：【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个参加冲浪比赛的人落水被救的故事。56.B【命题立意】 细节理解题。【试题解析】 由文章第一段第一句可知，James在参加冲浪比赛。57.D【命题立意】 推理判断题。 【试题解析】 从文章最后一段的 “A month after he recovered, Tuhikarama reunited with six of the teenage lifeguards who saved him.”可知。58.C【命题立意】
20、 细节理解题。【试题解析】 由第二段最后一句话中“he spent a week unconscious in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) while his brain and heart healed.”可知。59.A【命题立意】 推理判断题。【试题解析】 根据文章可以判断该文章应该出现在报纸上，是一个新闻报道。阅读理解-B- (2011湖北卷，B)Howling is a behaviour commonly observed among a wolf pack.As pack animals，wolves work together to hunt and re
21、ly on howling as an important means of communication among each other.There are different explanations of a wolfs howl and it appears that there may be more to discover.One theory is that wolves howl to bond better together.Its almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together.Perhaps somet
22、hing similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together. But this theory may be wrong，explains Fred HHarrington，a professor who studies wolf behaviour.Indeed，there have been times when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a chorus，and the next，quarre
23、ling among each other.It appears that usually the lowestranking members of the pack may actually be “punished” for joining in the chorus at times.So is howling a way to strengthen a social bond or just a way to reconfirm status among its members? Why do wolves howl for sure?What is clear，however，is
24、that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other.Hunting grounds are distant and it happens that wolves may separate from one another at times.When this happens，howling appears to be an excellent means of gathering.Howling，interestingly，is a contagious behaviour.When one wolf starts t
25、o howl，very likely others will follow.This is often seen to occur in the morning，as if wolves were doing some sort of “roll call”where wolves all howl together to report their presence.动物的嚎叫有其目的性，而人的对唱也是为了呼唤同伴，所以人们认为两者在这一方面是相同的；但专家似乎发现，狼的嚎叫不仅仅是为了呼朋引伴，因为有时也会争斗，因此，研究之后，专家发现：狼的嚎叫可能是个传染形式的行为，有时也是为了呼唤同伴。
26、5What is the possible similarity between wolves howling together and humans singing in chorus?AThe act of calling each other.BThe sense of accomplishment.CThe act of hunting for something.DThe sense of belonging to a group.答案：D。细节判断题。从第二段的信息词“bond better together”以及“help the pack stay together”等可以确定
27、两者的共同点与选项D的说法是一致的。6Why does Harrington think the“social bond”theory may be wrong?AWolves separate from each other after howling.BWolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.CWolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together.DWolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus.答案：C。细节判断题。根据第
28、三段中提到的“and the next, quarrelling among each other”以及“it appears that.be punished for joining.”都可以表明选项C的说法是符合原文之意的。7Researchers are sure that wolves often howl to_.Ashow their ranks Bfind their companionsCreport the missing onesDexpress their loneliness答案：B。细节判断题。根据倒数第二段中的第一句话的信息词“locate each other”以
29、及最后一句中的“appears to be an excellent means of gathering”都可以明确：狼的嚎叫正是为了找伴儿，故选项B的说法是最符合原文的。8“Howling.is a contagious behaviour”(in the last paragraph)means_.Ahowling is a signal for huntingBhowling is a way of communicationChowling often occurs in the morningDhowling spreads from one to another答案：D。句意理解
30、题。从最后一段中的第二句话中可以找到contagious一词的理解：一个随着一个的去做事情，如同选项D所说的那样。【2014高考英语吉林省长春市调研试题】BJiang Zhongjie, 19, a second-year student majoring in biology at Xiamen University looks at job websites almost every day. As summer vacation approaches, he cant decide which internship (实习) position would benefit him.I th
31、ink it is hard to know what would be a meaningful intern job,” he said. “Most of the time, the positions on offer are low paid, boring jobs, such as sales promotion, said Jiang.Last month, during an education forum, Huang Guitian, assistant to the president of Peking University, called for a halt to
32、 the internships of lower quality, regarding them as “dull and meaningless, affecting students academic performance.Huang conducted a mini survey, showing “80 percent of students merely do odd (零散的) jobs on internship.But employers and students may have different attitudes. According to a survey of
33、116 Beijing and Shanghai-based companies by Z，a leading human resource services site, nearly 60 percent said they still valued applicants hands-on experience most.Zhang Jianhong, HR director in Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd agreed with this idea and believes that internship even goes beyond gaining ex
34、perience. An internship actually offers a great chance for students to get an inside glimpse of a company, an industry and a particular occupation, he said.He says it can help interns discover whether the career they are considering is suitable for them. And if students are aware of which industry t
35、hey would like to enter, Zhang suggests that they select an internship in a relevant field, with the potential to turn into a formal job offer.60. What does the word “halt in the third paragraph probably mean?A. Stop.B. Beginning.C. Progress.D. Delay.61. What does Jiang Zhongjie think of intern jobs
36、?A. They are meaningful.B. They are not exciting.C. The pay lives up to his expectations.D. Internship improves students learning abilities.62. We may learn from the text that _.A. all the people have the same attitude towards internship B. less and less companies think highly of applicants working
37、experienceC. Zhang Jianhong believes that an internship benefits students in some way D. the students cant change their career once they select an internship in some field63. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. No Internship, No JobB. Internship. Good or BadC. Internship Hel
38、ps Find a JobD. Where to Find an Intern JobB篇： 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇有关大学生毕业实习的报道。不同的人对于实习有着不同的观点，褒贬不一。60.A【命题立意】 词义猜词题。 【试题解析】 根据第三段 “lower quality”,“dull and meaningless, affecting students academic performance”等可知，此处是呼吁停止实习。61.B【命题立意】 推理判断题。 【试题解析】 通过第二段话可知。62.C【命题立意】 推理判断题。【试题解析】 从文章倒数第二段话可知。63.B【命题立意】 主旨
39、大意题。 【试题解析】 人们对实习的评价褒贬不一，态度各异。因此，选B比较符合。阅读理解Online shopping started not so long ago. Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1990. The first online bank opened in 1994. In 1995, Amazon started operating and is not one of the largest online shopping malls. Then in 1996, eBay started its online
40、 shopping site.By sitting at home you can now buy anything from knives to cars. The worry you may have about traveling and parking can be avoided(避免) while you shop online. With online shopping, you need not worry about the weather. Online shops have no holidays, closing times or any other problems.
41、 You can shop 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and 365 days a year. Some online shops also keep customersopinions about each product, so you can easily find out what other customers think about the product before buying it.When you go for real-world shopping, you can actually touch and feel it, but in
42、online shopping you can only see the pictures. Also if you are shopping online, you have to be careful with your credit cards.The first step in online shopping is to search for what you want to buy. Once you find the required product, put it in a “shopping cart” and continue shopping. After you have
43、 got enough in your “shopping cart”, check out the product. You can add or take out the products in your shopping cart. The next step is to login(登录) using a username and a password. Enter the address where you want the product to be sent. Some sites even ask for your email, phone numbers, ect.Then
44、wait for the confirmation(确认) of your order. You can also cancel(取消) the order if needed. Online shopping is a different experience and you can make shopping online easy when you get used to it.56. When shopping online, you can . A. park your car where you want to B. buy anything wherever you go C.
45、touch anything you want to buy D. know what others think of the product 57. The second paragraph mainly tells us . A. people can do online shopping at their own homes B. the things people can buy in online shops C. the advantages people can have through online shopping D. people can know different o
46、pinions of customers58. From the text, we can know that . A. once customers put the products in their “shopping carts”, they cant change them B. customers should be careful with their credit cards when shopping online C. customers must give their emails as well as their phone numbers D. people can k
47、now different opinions of all customers59. If you want to buy a cup online, what is the right order of the following things you can do? a. Put the cup into your “shopping cart”. b. Wait for the confirmation of the order.c. Search for a right cup.d. Enter the address.A. b-c-d-a B. c-a-d-b C. a-b-c-d D. c-d-a-b
