1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家2014高考英语全程复习方略素质与能力提升演练：牛津译林选修10U1-2（答案）选修10 Unit 12. 单词拼写 1. Mary is facing the _ (困境) of obeying her father or marrying the man she loves. 2. According to _ (传统的)wisdom， old digs and new tricks arent a good match. 3. Some of the diets are harmful, especially if you are _ (怀孕的). 4.
2、He will go down in history as a great _ (政治家). 5. I learnt from the classified ads in yesterdays newspaper that you are looking for an _ (会计师). 6. Officers at the scene noticed that his leg was injured, so they called an _ (救护车)to take him to hospital. 7. The accident has not done any _ (永久的)damage.
3、 8. My eyes have _ (变弱) recently. 9. The school bus was involved in a _ (碰撞)with a truck. 10. He _ (挤压)the tube hard and the last bit of toothpaste came out. . 单项填空1. 2012盐城模拟To tell _ truth, the future is still a long way to go；we just arrived at _ crossroads, _ new turning point；we will face a new
4、 challenge. A. the; a; aB. a; the；/C. a; /；theD. the; a；the2. 2012合肥模拟Not until we saw the manager did we know that the bank _ the company for the purpose of reducing its borrowings. A. took part inB. caused damage toC. put pressure onD. drew attention to3. Elizabeth has already achieved success _ h
5、er wildest dreams. A. atB. beyondC. withinD. upon4. To the passengers anger, they were robbed _ all their money. A. ofB. offC. fromD. away5. 2012宜宾模拟Nowadays a growing number of people go to work by bike. Bicycling is good exercise ；_ it doesnt pollute the air. A. thereforeB. moreoverC. howeverD. ot
6、herwise6. It remains to be seen whether the plan which has been approved can be _ . It depends on your determination. A. come into useB. put into practiceC. taken into considerationD. got into trouble7. What mobile phones will look like in a year or two is easy to guessthey will be slimmer and proba
7、bly will let you watch television _ . A. in the distanceB. on the moveC. on the wayD. on the mend8. It is said that the caf being built near the post office _ mainly to the workers from the factory across the road. A. catersB. servesC. contributesD. supplies9. 2012咸阳模拟Improving your spoken English b
8、y talking much with foreigners from Britain would _ , for practice makes perfect. A. make senseB. make sureC. make believeD. make public10. The contract says they offer a company six months free _ if it signs a three-year lease. A. employmentB. rentC. payD. hire11. The news I told you that the footb
9、all match was cancelled was not announced formally but _ . A. in other wordsB. word of mouthC. in a wordD. word for word12. I owed $100 _ Bob and _ him soon. A. to；paidB. for；paid C. to；repaidD. for；repaid13. We missed our train, and _ the next train was delayed, _ we had to wait for two hours. A. o
10、n top of that；soB. as a result；thenC. what was worse；howeverD. because；therefore14. Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have _ schedules to make it easier to care for their children. A. heavyB. smoothC. flexibleD. complex15. If you dont buy insurance for your car, you may _ losing everythin
11、g when it gets destroyed in an accident. A. delayB. denyC. avoidD. risk. 阅读理解(A)My elder brother Steve, in the absence of my father who died when I was six, gave me important lessons in values that helped me grow into an adult. For instance, Steve taught me to face the results of my behavior. Once w
12、hen I returned in tears from a Saturday baseball game, it was Steve who took the time to ask me what happened. When I explained that my baseball had soared through Mrs. Holts basement window, breaking the glass with a crash, Steve encouraged me to confess to her. After all, I should have been playin
13、g in the park down Fifth Street and not in the path between buildings. Although my knees knocked as I explained to Mrs. Holt, I offered to pay for the window from my pocket money if she would return my ball. I also learned from Steve that personal property is a sacred thing. After I found a shiny si
14、lver pen in my fifth-grade classroom, I wanted to keep it, but Steve explained that it might be important to someone else in spite of the fact that it had little value. He reminded me of how much Id hate to lose to someone else the small dog my father carved from a piece of cheap wood. I returned th
15、e pen to my teacher, Mrs. Davids, and still remembered the smell of her perfume as she patted me on the shoulder. Yet of all the instructions Steve gave me, his respect for life is the most vivid in my mind. When I was twelve, I killed an old brown sparrow in the yard with a BB gun. Excited with my
16、accuracy, I screamed to Steve to come from the house to take a look. I shall never forget the way he stood for a long moment and stared at the bird on the ground. Then in a dead, quiet voice, he asked, “Did it hurt you first, Mark? ” I didnt know what to answer. He continued with his eyes firm, “The
17、 only time you should ever think of hurting a living thing is if it hurts you first. And then you think a long, long time. ” I really felt terrible then, but that moment stands out as the most important lesson my brother taught me. 1. What is the main subject of the passage? A. The relationship betw
18、een Mark and Steve. B. The important lesson Mark learned in school. C. Steves important role in Marks growing process. D. Mark and Steves respect for living things. 2. In the story about the pen, which of the following lessons did Steve teach his brother? A. Respect for personal property. B. Respect
19、 for life. C. Sympathy for people with problems. D. The value of honesty. 3. According to the writer, which was the most important lesson Steve taught his young brother? A. Respect for living things. B. Responsibility for ones actions. C. The value of honesty. D. Care for the property of others. 4.
20、The underlined word “knocked” in the second paragraph means _ . A. tappedB. beatC. struckD. trembled(B)Astronauts aboard the space station celebrated a space first on Wednesday by drinking water that had been recycled from their urine(尿), sweat and water got from air. They said “cheers”, clicked dri
21、nking bags and toasted NASA workers on the ground. The urine recycling system is needed for astronaut stations on the moon and Mars. It also will have NASA money because it wont have to ship up as much water to the station by space shuttles or cargo rockets. Besides, its important as the space stati
22、on is about to expand from three people living on board to six. The recycling system had been brought up to the space station last November by space shuttle Endeavour, but it couldnt be used until samples(样品) were tested back on earth. So when it came time to actually drink up, NASA made a big deal
23、of it. The three-man crew stood holding their drinks and congratulated engineers in two NASA centres that worked on the system. “This is something that had been the stuff of science fiction, ” American astronaut Michael Barratt said before taking a small mouthful. “The taste is worth trying. ”The ne
24、w system takes the combined urine of the crew from the toilet, moves it to a big tank, where the water is boiled off, and the vapor(水蒸气) is collected. The rest of the urine is thrown away. Then the water vapor is mixed with water from air, and then it goes through filters (过滤器). When six crew member
25、s are aboard it can make about six gallons from urine in about six hours. “Some people may find the idea of drinking recycled urine distasteful, but it is also done on earth, but with a lot longer time between urine and the tap, ” said Marybeth Edeen, the space stations national lab manager. The tec
26、hnology NASA developed for this system has already been used for quick water purification after the 2004 Asian tsunami. 5. According to the text, the recycling system is important because _ . A. it makes traveling to the moon for the average person possibleB. with it NASA wont need to ship any water
27、 up to the space stationC. it can help meet the need for more water after the crew is expandedD. it protects the environment in space by reducing the amount of waste6. From Para. 5 we can know _ . A. the theory behind the recycling systemB. the effect of the recycling systemC. the process of recycli
28、ng urineD. an opinion on recycling urine7. What did Edeen say about recycled urine and the recycling system? A. The taste of recycled urine is not as good as that of common water. B. The recycling system has made a science fiction story come true. C. The idea of drinking recycled urine makes astrona
29、uts feel unpleasant. D. It takes a longer time on earth to make water from urine than in space. 8. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Research of NASA Has Made Great Progress B. New Technology Is Used in the Space StationC. Drink up: Space Station Recycles Urine to WaterD. Good News: Wat
30、er Recycled from Urine Tastes Good答案解析. 1. dilemma2. conventional3. pregnant4. statesman5. accountant6. ambulance7. permanent8. weakened9. collision10. squeezed. 1.【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意：说实话，将来还有很长的路要走；我们到了一个关键时刻，一个新的转折点；我们会面对新的挑战。to tell the truth 说实话；at a crossroads 处于关键时刻。第三个空用不定冠词a表示数量“一”的概念。2.【解析】选C。考查
31、动词短语辨析。句意：直到我们见到经理，我们才知道为了减少借贷，银行对这家公司施加了压力。put pressure on给 施加压力；take part in参加；cause damage to对造成危害；draw attention to引起对的注意。3.【解析】选B。句意：Elizabeth获得了大大超出她的预料的成功。beyond ones wildest dreams表示“大大超出预料”，beyond超出。【变式备选】Sorry, madam. Youd better come tomorrow, because its _ the visiting time now. A. durin
32、gB. atC. beyondD. before【解析】选C。考查介词辨析。句意：对不起，夫人。你最好明天来，因为现在超过了探视时间。beyond超过，符合句意。4.【解析】选A。句意：让乘客们生气的是，他们被抢走了所有的钱。rob sb. of sth. 抢走某人某物，是固定搭配。5.【解析】选B。考查副词辨析。句意：现在，越来越多的人骑自行车上班。骑自行车是很好的运动，而且不污染空气。moreover此外，而且；therefore因此；however然而；otherwise否则。6.【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过的计划是否能付诸实践还有待于观察。它取决于你的决心。put. .
33、. into practice实施，把付诸实践；come into use开始使用；take. . . into consideration把考虑在内；get into trouble陷入麻烦。7.【解析】选B。考查介词短语。句意：一两年之内手机会是什么样子很容易猜它们会更小巧，很可能让你走着就能看电视。on the move迁移中，行进中；in the distance在远处；on the way在路上；on the mend在好转。8.【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意：据说邮局附近正在建的咖啡馆主要是满足路对面的工厂工人的需要。cater to迎合，满足需要；serve服务；contrib
34、ute to有助于；supply提供。9.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过和来自英国的外国人多谈话来提高你的英语口语是明智的，因为熟能生巧。make sense是明智的，是有道理的；make sure确保；make believe假装；make public公开。10.【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意：合同上说如果租赁三年，他们会免除公司六个月的租金。rent租金；employment雇用，职业；pay薪水；hire租用。11.【解析】选B。句意：我告诉你的足球赛取消的消息不是正式宣布的而是口传的。word of mouth口口相传；in other words换句话说；in a w
35、ord简言之；word for word原原本本地，逐字地。12.【解析】选C。句意：我欠鲍勃100美元，很快还他了。owe money to sb. 欠某人钱；repay 偿还；pay付款。13.【解析】选A。句意：我们错过了火车，除此之外，下一趟火车又延误了，因此我们不得不等两个小时。on top of 除之外；so 因此；as a result因此；then 那么；what was worse更糟糕的是；however然而；because因为；therefore因此。14.【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。句意：在外上班的母亲的日程计划应具有弹性，这样可以使照看孩子更加容易。heavy 重的
36、，超出一般的；smooth平滑的，平稳的；flexible灵活的，可变动的；complex复杂的。15.【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意：如果你不为你的车买保险，当车在事故中毁坏时，你可能冒着失去一切的风险。risk doing sth. 冒险做某事；delay推迟；deny否决；avoid避免。【拓展延伸】常用risk短语归纳(1) at risk处于危险状态at the risk of (doing sth. )冒可能(做某事)的危险at ones own risk自担风险put ones life at risk冒生命危险run/take the risk of doing sth. 冒
37、险做某事(2)risk doing sth. 做某事是有风险的 risk ones life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事All residents around were at risk when the volcano erupted. 当这座火山爆发的时候，所有附近的居民都处于危险之中。These soldiers took the risk of losing their lives to save the people trapped in the buildings. =These soldiers risked their lives to save the peop
38、le trapped in the buildings. 这些战士们冒着生命危险去救那些被困在大楼里的人们。. 1.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。第一段是本文的主旨段。在“我”成长的过程中，“我”的哥哥Steve教给了“我”很多重要的教训，在“我”的成长中起了重要的作用。第二段教会了我为自己的行为负责；第三段教会了要尊重别人的私有财产；第四段教会了“我”尊重生命。2.【解析】选A。细节理解题。通读第三段尤其是第一句“I also learned from Steve that personal property is a sacred thing. ”可知，哥哥教会了“我”要尊重别人的私有物品，因
39、此选A项。3.【解析】选A。细节理解题。通读最后一段尤其是第一句“Yet of all the instructions Steve gave me, his respect for life is the most vivid in my mind. ”可知哥哥教给“我”的最重要的教训是对生命的尊重。故选A项。4.【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据常识，我在向Mrs. Holt解释时，(因为害怕)两腿颤抖。故选D项。5.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段“Besides, its important as the space station is about to expand from th
40、ree people living on board to six. ”，再联系第五段的“When six crew members are aboard it can make about six gallons from urine in about six hours. ”，可知C为正确答案。6.【解析】选C。推理判断题。该段主要讲了使用尿液循环系统将尿制成水的过程。7.【解析】选D。细节理解题。第六段提到“but with a lot longer time between urine and the tap”，其中的between urine and the tap即将尿循环制成水的
41、过程，由此可知D为正确答案。8.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本文报道国际空间站的宇航员试饮尿液循环水，以“Drink up”生动反映饮用时的情景，再以“Space Station Recycles Urine to Water”点明此水的制造技术。文章重点不是说明水的口味，所以排除D项。高考英语语法：定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句一.关系代词的用法: 关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中作主语在定语从句中作动词的宾语或者介词的宾语, 介词在后指人that / whothat / who / whom指物that / whichthat / which上表中黑框内的关系代词可以省略; 在口语及非正式文体
42、中whom常被who所替代; 另外, 关系代词whose表示 (先行词)的二.示例:1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语a. Do you know the man that / who came to see Xiao Yang this morning ?b. This is a book that / which tells about space rocket.2.关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语a. The comrade ( that / who / whom ) they came to visit is a scientist.b. I will never forget the d
43、ay ( that / which ) we spent in the countryside.3.关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语, 介词在后a. This is the house ( that / which ) he was born in.b. The person ( that / who / whom ) you should write to is Mr Ball.c. The man ( that / who / whom ) you talked with is our English teacher.4.whose引导的定语从句a. I know a lady whose
44、 husband is a Nobel Prize winner.b. The child whose mother died in the fire is now an engineer in our company.c. He is living in a house whose windows are painted white.三.应注意的问题:1.指物时, 关系代词只用that而不用which的情况:.先行词被最高级或the only, the very, the same等修饰时a. This is the best play that was written by Jack.b.
45、 He is the only person that I can trust.先行词被序数词或the last等词修饰时a. This is the first car that arrived this morning.先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词时或被不定代词all, any, no等修饰时a. All the people that come from the country work much harder.b. This is all that I can tell you.人+动物或事物共同作为先行词
46、时a. My father and Mr Brown talked of things and persons that they remembered for about an hour.句中又有which作为疑问词出现时a. Which is the train that goes to Beijing ?2.关系代词who, which, that在定语从句中作主语时, 要注意定语从句中的主谓一致问题. 因为who / that / which指代先行词, 所以定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致即可a. I came to get the book that was left in the
47、classroom.b. I came to get the books that were left in the classroom.关系副词引导的定语从句一.关系副词的用法: when在定语从句中作地点状语; where在定语从句中作地点状语; why在定语从句中作原因状语二.示例:a. He was well at the time when I saw him.b. Lets meet at the place where we met yesterday.c. This is the reason why I am in favor of the singer.三.应注意的问题:1
48、.在某些表示时间的名词后的关系副词可省略, 这样的名词如: the time, every time, each time, the moment, the minute, the second等 (也有语法家认为是这些名词直接引导了时间状语从句)a. By the time ( when ) he was fourteen years old he had learned much English.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句一.说明: 关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时, 介词可以位于关系代词之前,从而构成介词+关系代词引导的定语从句二.这种定语从句中关系代词的用法: 在这种定语从句中,
49、关系代词只能用whom(指人)和which(指事物), 而不能使用that / who三.示例:a. This is the house in which he was born.b. The person to whom you should write is Mr Ball.c. The man with whom you talked is our English teacher.d. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.四.应注意的问题:1.关系代词前的介词可以是单个介词,也可以是短语介
50、词或类似短语介词的词组a. This is the house in which he was born.b. At five oclock we reached the house, in front of which there is a big tree.c. At five oclock we reached the mountain, at the foot of which lie some farmhouses.2.根据表达的需要, 介词之前还可以有其他词, 从而构成名词或代词+介词+关系代词引导的定语从句a. I used to live in a small room, th
51、e window of which faces the street.b. At the gate stood a group of students, some of whom are girls.3.介词若为短语动词中的介词, 则不可将介词拆开放在关系代词之前a. This is the magazine which you are looking for.( for不能放在which之前)b. The child whom Aunt Li takes care of is ill.( of不能放在whom之前)4.关系副词when / where / why常可与 介词+关系代词互换a.
52、 Do you remember the days when we were in Beijing? ( =in which we were in Beijing )b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?( =in which we once played for a whole day )c. This is the reason why he was absent yesterday. (= for which he was absent )限定性与非限定性定语从句一.两者的区别: 见下表形式作用译
53、法限定性定语从句无逗号与主句分开修饰限定作用, 即不可缺少的定语其译文常位于先行词之前, 并体现的非限定性定语从句有逗号与主句分开附加、补充说明的作用, 若缺少它, 句意仍然完整常将其译成一个和主句并列的分句二.关系词的用法: 非限定性定语从句不能用that引导, 并且关系词在任何情况下都不能省略, 除此之外, 在关系词的使用上, 非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句完全相同三.示例:a. My book, which is very old, is on the table.b. President Kennedy, who had heard of King before, was inter
54、ested to meet him.c. His father, who is working in Beijing, is an engineer.d. The house, where he was born, has been destroyed in the earthquake.e. Mr. Smith, with whom you just talked, is our English teacher.f. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.四.应注意的问题:1.as / whic
55、h都可以引导一个非限定性定语从句, as / which是关系代词, 指代主句中所提到的某种情况, 它们的不同点是:.as引导的这种定语从句位置比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后. as还带有正如, 正象之意, 而which不含此意a. The earth is like a ball, as everyone knows.b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.c. They said they were French, which wasnt true.常见问题一.定语从句还原法:
56、试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一点, 我们可以用还原法来检验定语从句是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做法是:.第一步: 替换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词+关系代词, 再将关系代词替换成先行词.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the par
57、k last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是: 先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就得到一个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole day in the park.a. Do you remember the park that / which we visited last year?b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?c. Do you still remember the da
58、ys that / which we spent together ?d. Do you still remember the days when we were together?二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么a. I was the only person in the office who was invited.b. He was the only one of the students who passed the GRE.as引导的这种定语从句位置比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句
59、尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后. as还带有正如, 正象之意, 而which不含此意a. The earth is like a ball, as everyone knows.b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.c. They said they were French, which wasnt true.常见问题一.定语从句还原法: 试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一点, 我们可以用还原法来检验定语从句
60、是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做法是:.第一步: 替换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词+关系代词, 再将关系代词替换成先行词.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the park last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是: 先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就得到一
61、个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole day in the park.a. Do you remember the park that / which we visited last year?b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?c. Do you still remember the days that / which we spent together ?d. Do you still remember the days when we were together?二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么a. I was the only person in the office who was invited.b. He was the only one of the students who passed the GRE- 16 - 版权所有高考资源网
