1、天水一中高一级2020-2021学年度第二学期第一学段考试英语试题（满分：100分 时间：90分钟）第I卷 选择题（共50分）I.阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AWhile some customs like setting off fireworks and counting down the last few seconds seem universal, many countries have their own unique New Years Eve traditions.Denmark: Break
2、platesA Danish tradition is to throw plates and dishes against friends and neighbors front doors. Its a bit of a popularity contest as the bigger the pile of broken china is the next morning, the more friends and good luck youll have in the coming year.Germany: Pouring leadIn Germany, people melt sm
3、all pieces of lead in a spoon over a candle, then pour the liquid into cold water. The shapes from the lead pouring are supposed to reveal what the year ahead will bring. If the lead forms a ball, luck will roll ones way, while the shape of a crown means wealth; a cross means death and a star will b
4、ring happiness.Spain: Twelve grapes of luckIn Spain, one New Years tradition is to eat 12 grapes, one for each month of the coming year, to secure prosperity （繁荣）. You need to eat one grape with each bell strike at midnight. The tradition dates from 1909 when farmers in Alicante came up with this id
5、ea to sell more grapes after an exceptional harvest.Philippines: Round food, round clothes, round everythingIn the Philippines, the start of the new year is all about the money. The locals believe that surrounding themselves with round things（to represent coins）will bring money or fortune. As a resu
6、lt, clothes with dots are worn and round food is eaten.1. What is believed to bring good luck for the coming new year in Denmark?A. A red candle B. Round food C. Broken china D. A lead cross2. What inspired the New Years tradition of eating grapes?A. A way to make coins.B. An act to keep power.C. A
7、desire to be popular.D. An idea to earn more money3. Which section of a magazine is the text probably taken from?A. Fashion B. Travel C. Culture D. EntertainmentBConfidence is probably one of the most noticeable quality in the Americans. They show confidence in the way they talk, the way they smile,
8、 the way they dress and the way they walk. Living and competing with all these confident American students, I find it extremely important to be confident as an international student and teacher. As a student, being confident means you should dare to raise your hand whenever a question or a point com
9、es to your mind. Dont mind if it sounds simple or silly. Otherwise you will never get a chance to speak in class at all. Whats worse, the professors may think you are not prepared for the discussion or you do not have your own opinion on the topic-this is the last comment any graduate would not like
10、 to receive.Being confident for me as a foreign teacher means calmly asking the student to repeat what he or she has said if I did not get it. Pretending to understand what you actually did not may just bring yourself uneasiness or even shame. But the time I most need to be confident is when my stud
11、ents come to my office and bargain about the grades I have given for their speeches（The course Im teaching here is Public Speaking.） Modesty is a quality highly valued in China, but it wont be of much help here if you want to survive and succeed in a good American graduate program.4. What should we
12、do most if we want to compete with American students?A. Be quite confident.B. Be polite and friendly.C. Have more discussions.D. Know what they think about.5. A professor will have the worst opinion of student who .A. gives a silly or simple answerB. tries to seize any chance to speak in classC. sho
13、ws interest in the topicD. is considered to have no opinion of his own6. The author is most likely to feel uneasiness if .A. he asks a student to repeat what he has saidB. the students bargain with himC. he pretends to know what he doesntD. he has to give a speechCFairy tales focus on creating a fan
14、tasy world to the reader encouraging imagination and teaching problem-solving skills. It is equally important that they provide influential moral lessons, highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social codes that let human beings co-exist in harmony. Such moral lessons may not mean much to
15、 a robot, but a team of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology believes it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI（artificial intelligence）can take to its cold and mechanical heart.The collected stories of different cultures teach children how to behave in socially ac
16、ceptable ways with examples of proper and improper behavior in fairy tales, novels and other literature. We believe story comprehension in robots can eliminate the immoral behavior of the intelligent robots, which was predicted and feared by some of the biggest names in technology including Stephen
17、Hawking and Bill Gates. This system is called Quixote（堂吉坷德）. It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave.The experiment done by the designers involves going to a drugstore to purchase some medicine for a human who needs to get it as soon as pos
18、sible. The robot has three options. It can wait in line; it can interact with the store keeper politely and purchase the medicine with priority; or it can steal the medicine and escape. Without any further directives（指令）, the robot will come to the conclusion that the most efficient means of obtaini
19、ng the medicine is to steal it. But Quixote offers a reward for waiting in line, and politely purchasing the medicine and a punishment for stealing it. In this way, the robot will learn the moral way to behave on that occasion.Quixote would run best on a robot that has a very limited function. Its a
20、 baby step in the direction of teaching more moral lessons into robots. We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior. Giving robots the ability to read and understand our stories may be the most effic
21、ient means.7. What is the robot really expected to do in the experiment?A. To purchase some medicine for a human.B. To finish the task as efficiently as possible.C. To perform in a socially acceptable way.D. To perform under the designers instructions.8. What does the underlined word mean?A. praise
22、B. promote C. remove D. strengthen9. Which of the following information can we get?A. Quixote has already been widely used in robots.B. Robots will be definitely designed with limited function.C. The development of robots is still in a baby step.D. Robots are necessarily to be trained to follow soci
23、al behaviors.10. Whats the text mainly about?A. Using stories to teach moral to robots.B. Speeding up the development of robots.C. Preventing robots from behaving badly.D. Training robots to read fairy tales.II.七选五（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Rising Through Stages to Re
24、alize OurselvesMany modern people have the problem that they dont know who they are and what their purpose is 11 Once high school seniors graduate, they seem to lose their identity. They once studied hard. But after they stop working; they begin to lose their way.In the theory of the Hierarchy of Ne
25、eds（需求理论）, Abraham Maslo, put forward a similar situation, which consists of the five levels of a persons need. The fifth and final level is self-realization, which is where our final achievement lie. 12 .I think self-realization has three major aspects. The first stage is acceptance, the second sta
26、ge is discovery and the last stage is perseverance.Acceptance is the first stage. We should be reminded that we are all born unique, so we all have our own strengths and weaknesses. Only when we understand these, can we pursue them or change them. 13 .Once weve accepted ourselves, we can discover wh
27、at we are interested in and what we want to be. 14 , but indeed we should live for ourselves. So before we start working towards a purpose, we should ask ourselves Is this what we truly desire? and Is this going to change the situation were in?The last stage is perseverance. 15 . Those who can self-
28、realize are people who focus on the things they want to change.Through the three stages, we could gain recognition of ourselves. And by this point, whatever our lives were like, we would be able to stand tall, confident of ourselves.A. Its nothing to a man of perseveranceB. Only by acceptance of the
29、 past can we change itC. This is especially common among college studentsD. Many people tend to go along with social expectationsE. Being objective and yet tolerant is the key to acceptanceF. It is the process of knowing ourselves and finding a purposeG. Exploring our potential isnt going to be done
30、 in a short timeIII.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Scientists find that hardworking people live longer than average（普通的）men and women. Career women are 16 than housewives. Evidence shows that the 17 are in poorer health than the job-holders. A study
31、shows 18 the unemployment rate increases by 1%, the death rate 19 correspondingly（相应地）by 2%. All this comes down to one point: work is 20 to health.Why is work good for health? It is 21 work keeps people busy, away from loneliness and solitude（孤独）. Researches show that people feel 22 , worried and l
32、onely when they have nothing to do. Instead, the happiest are those who are 23 . Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when working hard. Work serves as a 24 between man and reality. By work, people 25 each other. By collective（集体的）activity, they find friendship and
33、warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss of work 26 the loss of everything. It affects man spiritually and makes him liable to（易于） 27 . 28 , work gives one a sense of achievement. Work makes one feel his 29 and status in society. When a 30 finishes his writing or a doctor successfully 31 a patien
34、t or a teacher sees his students 32 , all of them will be happy beyond 33 .From the above we can 34 the conclusion（结论）that the more you 35 , the happier and healthier you will be. Let us work hard, study well and live a happy and healthy life.16. A. clevererB. healthierC. weakerD. worse17. A. beauti
35、fulB. injuredC. joblessD. sick18. A. wheneverB. whetherC. thoughD. since19. A. staysB. changesC. fallsD. increases20. A. helpfulB. equalC. harmfulD. familiar21. A. whereB. thatC. whyD. because22. A. luckyB. seriousC. cheerfulD. sad23. A. busyB. freeC. lazyD. empty24. A. riverB. gapC. channelD. bridg
36、e25. A. come up withB. have contact withC. look down upon D. look up to26. A. meansB. explainsC. becomesD. matches27. A. peaceB. silenceC. happinessD. disease28. A. BesidesB. ThereforeC. HoweverD. Yet29. A. payB. valueC. rateD. price30. A. workerB. farmerC. authorD. manager31. A. managesB. controlsC
37、. operates onD. deals with32. A. standB. growC. riseD. sleep33. A. doubtB. actionsC. notesD. words34. A. come toB. turn toC. stick toD. point to35. A. danceB. playC. speakD. work第II卷 非选择题（共50分）IV.语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面的文章，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处心填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Tens of millions of pe
38、ople carry their smart phones with them everywhere they go, the bathroom 36 （include）. Our phones are always within our grasp, 37 means they are also constantly 38 （expose）to whatever bacteria we may have accumulated on our hands. 39 （fortunate）, a new survey of 1,200 Americans and their cleaning ha
39、bits 40 （find）that one in four have never cleaned their phones.To find out just 41 dirty most phones become, researchers estimate that a regularly 42 （use）smart phone that has never been cleaned may hold more bacteria 43 an entire household bathroom. According to the survey, conducted by the company
40、 Vital Vio, its common for smart phones 44 （come）into contact with various forms of bacteria, including strep, staph, and E.coli. Suddenly, 45 （eat）a sandwich in your bathroom doesnt sound so bad.V.课文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）（1）At that time people would 46 if food was difficult to find, especially durin
41、g the cold winter months. Todays festivals have many 47 : some are 48 , some seasonal, and some for special people or events.（2）These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful 49 of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival
42、for 50 around the world. It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life. Japans Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country, 51 with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.（3）Wang Peng followed Li Chang into a small ne
43、w restaurant. He saw a 52 at the door. 53 of all that fat? Want to lose 54 ?Come inside Yong Hui 55 restaurant.Only slimming foods served here.Make yourself thin again!VI.短文改错（共10处错；每处1分，满分10分）增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词.删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉.修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2.只允许修改10处，多者（从
44、第11处起）不计分。Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes in our back garden. Since then-for all these year-we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size,
45、 but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!VII.书面表达（满分15分）假设你叫李华，是一家英文杂志社的心
46、理咨询师。某中学生小王给你写信，提到自己偏胖，想节食减肥，征求你的意见。请你给她回一封信，谈谈你对该问题的见解。内容要点如下：1.健康比漂亮更重要；2.学生以学习为主，不要过于注重外貌和别人的看法；3.可通过多锻炼身体保持健康，要改变不良的饮食习惯；4.健康的心态也很重要。注意：1.短文必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥；2.词数：100左右。3.参考词汇：state of mind心态Dear Xiao Wang, Yours,Li Hua英语参考答案一、阅读理解1-3: CDC 4-6: ADC 7-10:CCDA二、七选五1-15: CFEDG三、完形填空16-20: BCADA 21-2
47、5: DDADB26-30: ADABC 31-35: CBDAD四、语法填空36.included 37. which 38.（being）exposed 39. Unfortunately 40. finds41. how 42. used 43. than 44. to come 45. eating五、课文填空46.starve 47.origins 48.religious 49.clothing 50.Christians51.covered 52.sign 53.Tired 54.weight 55.slimming六、短文改错1.beforeago 2.byof 3.yeary
48、ears 4.hadhave 5.在as后面加a6.somewhereeverywhere 7.tastetasty 8.muchmany9.将but去掉或者butyet. 10.wonderfullywonderful七、书面表达Dear Xiao Wang,I have received and read your letter, in which you mentioned that you wanted to lose weight by dieting.It is only natural that young girls at your age hope to look beaut
49、iful. However, in my opinion, health is more important than beauty. For a student, studying is the first thing to consider while appearance is the second. So do not let others opinions affect your normal life. However, if you do want to lose weight, it is a good idea to do it by getting more exercise and changing unhealthy eating habits. The most important thing is that you keep a healthy state of mind, as it will help with your studies, and will also help you overcome difficulties in dieting.I hope my advice will be helpful to you and Im looking forward to your next letter.Yours,Li Hua
