1、2014高考英语全程复习方略素质与能力提升演练：新人教版选修6检测（答案）阶段评估检测（六）选修6(120分钟 135分). 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。A man who knows how to write a personal letter has a very powerful tool. A letter can be enjoyed, read and 1 . It can set up a warm conversation betwee
2、n two people far apart; it can keep a 2 with very little effort. I will give 3 . A few years ago my elder brother and I were not getting along well. We had been close as 4 but had grown apart. Our meetings were not 5 ; our conversation was filled with arguments and quarrels: and every effort to clea
3、r the air seemed to only 6 our misunderstanding. Then he 7 a small island in the Caribbean and we 8 touch. One day he wrote me a letter. He described his island and its people, told me what he was doing, said how he felt. Rereading the letter, I was 9 by its humor and clever expressions. These were
4、all qualities for which I had 10 respected my older brother but 11 he no longer had them. I had never known he could write so well. And with that one letter we became friends 12 . It might never have occurred to him to write me if he had not been in a place where there were no 13 . For him, writing
5、was a necessity. It also turned out to be the best way for us to get back in touch. Because we live in an age of 14 communication, people often forget that they dont always have to phone or email. They have a 15 . And that is to write. 1. A. receivedB. rewrittenC. returnedD. reread2. A. recordB. pro
6、miseC. friendshipD. secret3. A. an exampleB. a lesson C. an experienceD. a talk4. AbrothersB. children CfellowsDclassmates5. AnormalB. necessary CpleasantDpossible6. AdeepenB. start CexpressDsettle7. AaroundB. stopped over Carrived atDmoved to8. AlostB. kept CneededDgot 9. AdrivenB. beatenCsurprised
7、Dhonored10. AneverB. seldomCsometimesDonce11. Arealized B. judgedC. thoughtD. expected12. AlaterB. anyhowC. tooD. again13. AmailsB. friendsC. phonesD. relatives14. A. poor B. easyC. popularD. busy15. A. habitB. choiceC. methodD. plan第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当
8、的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Making new friends means 16 （put） yourself out on a limb and asking others not only to accept you, but to like you and want to be around you as well. 17 (fortunate)， there is no magical solution 18 this part of the process, so if you want to make friends, take a deep breath and jum
9、p right in!19 first step to making new friends is figuring out what is holding you back. A lot of times people 20 are interested in making new friends dont know why they dont have them already. They cant see that 21 own actions are working against them. Once you can identify(确认，确定) what is keeping y
10、ou from making new friends, you need to work through these concerns. This can be painful 22 you will need to put yourself outside of your comfort zones to see any real differences. The next step is to shine in these social settings so that others will leave with a positive 23 (impress). If you find
11、social situations hard, just rely on a few simple rules. When you feel 24 (confidence) that youve made some great new friends, get out there and celebrate with them! No matter 25 you decide to do, the important thing is to celebrate your new friends and hopefully continue cultivating more. . 阅读（共两节，
12、满分50分）第一节 阅读理解(共20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分)（A）“Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people understand what it is to move, ” said David Belle, the founder of parkour(跑酷). Do you love running? It is a good exercise, yet many people find it boring. But what if making your morning jog a creative one
13、? Like jumping from walls and over gaps, and ground rolls? Just like the James Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bonds wonderful performances that the sport has become popular wor
14、ldwide. Yes, thats parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the obstacles in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is considered as an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may jum
15、p over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop. Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, but its participants see parkour much more than that. Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy(理念) behind parkour. This is the same as
16、 life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back from them in your life, to reach the destination successfully. A parkour lover said, “I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life, my way to do everything. ”Another p
17、hilosophy weve learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world. It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself that you earn energy and confidence. 26. Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of _. A. its founder, David BelleB. the film,
18、Casino RoyaleC. its risks and tricksD. the varieties of participants27. The underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “_ ”. A. streetsB. objectsC. barriersD. roofs28. Which of the following is TRUE of parkour? A. It challenges human abilities. B. It is a good but boring spo
19、rt. C. It needs special training. D. It is a team sport. 29. As its participants move around a city, _. A. they can ask for helpB. they may choose to escapeC. they should run to extremesD. they must learn to survive 30. Which of the following is the philosophy of parkour? A. Sports and extremes. B.
20、Excitement and popularity. C. Dreams and success. D. Determination and freedom. （B）The personal computer has overtaken the family dog as mans best friend, according to a study. Researchers found that just 6 per cent of us believe that most people rely more on their dog than they do on their PC, whil
21、e 67 per cent think the opposite to be true. Even 38 per cent of dog owners admit relying more on their PC than on their dog, although 36 per cent disagree. And 71 per cent of 18 to 24-year-old dog owners said they relied more on their computer. Paul Allen, editor of Computer Active magazine, which
22、conducted the poll with the Royal Society For The Protection Of Cruelty to Animals, said, “These days you can even take your PC for a walk, provided you have a laptop or tablet PC. ”“Its only a matter of time until the first PC that fetches your slippers. ”Researchers questioned 2, 000 British adult
23、s to find out about the change modern technology has brought to their home life. They found that male dog owners are almost twice as likely as female owners to rely on their computer than a canine companion. Mr. Allen said, “With broadband bringing them global news and newspaper sales falling, the f
24、amily dog even misses out on the pleasure of taking the paper to his owner. ”But its not all bad news for honest dogs. “The family PC has given dog owners access to a wealth of resources and information that can help with the long-term care that a dog needs, ” Mr. Allen said. 31. According to the st
25、atistics, _ rely more on their computers. A. dog owners aged from 18 to 24 B. female dog ownersC. British adultsD. 36% of the people32. Which of the following is the advantage that computers have brought to dogs? A. They can go out for a walk with their owners. B. They can be better looked after. C.
26、 They wont have to take paper to their owners. D. They can get on well with their owners. 33. The family dog even misses out on the pleasure of taking the paper to his owner because _. A. people gradually lose their interest in newspapersB. family dogs dont want to do that any moreC. people dont wan
27、t to read newspapersD. people prefer to use computers for news and information34. The underlined word“provided” means _ in the passage. A. offeredB. supposedC. as long asD. even though35. The purpose of the writer of writing the passage is to tell us _. A. more and more people choose to use computer
28、sB. computers have reached every aspect of our lifeC. personal computers will replace family dogs as mans best friendsD. family dogs are not as useful as they used to be（C）Kids with type 1 diabetes who spend hours in front of a TV or computer each day may have poorer blood sugar control, a new study
29、 suggests.Its not clear why the relationship exists, and the findings do not prove that “screen time” itself worsens kids diabetes control. But factors like obesity, exercise habits and family income did not explain the connection, the study found. Among 296 children, teens and young adults with typ
30、e 1 diabetes, those who spent four or more hours per day in front of a TV or computer had higher hemoglobin A1C levelsa measure of blood sugar control over the past few months. On average, their hemoglobin A1C was 9. 3 percent, versus about 8. 5 percent among their peers who spent less time in front
31、 of a screen. Experts recommend that adults keep their A1C levels below 7 percent, while levels in children and teens can go as high as 8. 5 percent, depending on their age. The goal of reining in blood sugar is to help reduce the risk of long-term diabetes complications (并发症) which range from heart
32、 and kidney disease, to nerve damage to vision loss. Exactly why screen time was connected to blood sugar control in this study is not clear, according to the researchers, led by Dr Angela Galler of Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin in Germany. One possibility, they say, is that kids who spend more
33、 time in front of the TV or computer snack more often. So it may be more difficult to control their blood sugar than when they stick with more regular meals. People with type 1 diabetes have to inject insulin every day, generally timed around meals, to control their blood sugar levels. But while sna
34、cking could be a culprit, this study cannot really prove that screen time is at all to blame for the poorer blood sugar control, according to Dr Sanjeev Mehta, a diabetes specialist who was not involved in the research. One limitation of the study is that it measured kids screen time and their blood
35、 sugar control at one time point. 36. What is the passage mainly talking about? A. Kids with type 1 diabetes like watching TV or sitting in front of a computer. B. Kids who spent four or more hours per day in front of a TV or computer suffer from type 1 diabetes. C. Snacking while watching TV or pla
36、ying in front of a computer develops type 1 diabetes. D. Screen time may worsen type 1 diabetes in kids. 37. The underlined word “reining” means _. A. improvingB. developingC. controlD. balance38. Why may kids with type 1 diabetes have poorer blood sugar control according to the study? A. Because th
37、ey spend too long time in front of the screen. B. Because spending long time in front of the screen has direct connection with poorer blood sugar control. C. Because of the bad habits companied with their screen time. D. Because of their obesity, exercise habits and family income. 39. We can infer f
38、rom the passage that _. A. kids who spent four or more hours per day in front of a TV or computer may develop type 1 diabetesB. obesity, exercise habits and family income may contribute to diabetesC. snacking in front of the TV or computer may cause diabetesD. teens develop diabetes more easily than
39、 adults40. Dr Sanjeev Mehta believes that _. A. the study is believableB. the study is unbelievableC. snacking is not to blame for the poorer blood sugar controlD. the measure of kids screen time and their blood sugar is limited at one time point（D）2012杭州模拟Any discussion of English conversation, lik
40、e any English conversation, must begin with the weather. And in this spirit of observing traditional rule, I shall quote Dr Johnsons famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is about the weather”, and point out that this observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred y
41、ears ago. This, however, is the point at which most people either stop, or try, and fail, to come up with a convincing explanation for the English “addiction” to the weather. They fail because their premise (前提) is mistaken: they assume that our conversations about the weather are conversations abou
42、t the weather. In other words, they assume that we talk about the weather because we have a keen interest in the subject. Most of them then try to figure out what it is about the English weather that is so fascinating. Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that the English weather is not at all fascin
43、ating, and that our “addiction” to it is therefore very difficult to explain, “To an outsider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it. All those phenomena that elsewhere give nature an edge of excitement, unpredictability and dangertornados, monsoons,
44、hailstormsare almost wholly unknown in the British Isles. ”Jeremy Paxman takes offence at Brysons comments and argues that the English weather is truly fascinating:Bryson misses the point. The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty. . . . one of the few things you can say a
45、bout England with absolute certainty is that it has a lot of weather. It may not include tropical cyclones but life at the edge of an ocean and the edge of a continent means you can never be entirely sure what youre going to get. My research has convinced me that both Bryson and Paxman are missing t
46、he point, which is that our conversations about the weather are not really about the weather at all: English weather-speak is a form of code, developed to help us overcome our natural reserve (含蓄) and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows, for example, that “Nice day, isnt it? ”, “Oh, isnt it
47、cold? ”; and other variations on the theme are not requests for weather data: they are greetings or conversation-starters. In other words, English weather-speak is a form of “cleaning talk”the human equivalent of what is known as “social cleaning” among our primate (灵长类的) cousins, where they spend h
48、ours cleaning each others fur, even when they are perfectly clean, as a means of social connection. 41. According to the author, most peoples explanations for the English love for weather talk are _. A. scientificB. incorrectC. fascinatingD. accurate42. As is stated in the passage, most people try t
49、o find out _. A. why the English weather is so uniqueB. whether the English enjoy their weatherC. why the English are so interested in the topic of weatherD. whether the English really talk about weather when they do so43. In Bill Brysons opinion, the English “addiction” to their weather is _. A. un
50、derstandableB. convincingC. respectableD. unreasonable44. Disapproving of Bill Brysons opinion, Jeremy Paxman argues that _. A. the English talk about their weather because it is unpredictableB. the English dont talk about weather as often as the outsiders thinkC. the English weather can be as excit
51、ing as anywhere elsesD. the English weather talk is merely a form of small talk45. According to the author, English weather-speak is similar to primates social cleaning in that they are both _. A. ways of greetingB. means social connectionC. fascinating topics between peopleD. phenomena difficult to
52、 understand to outsiders第二节 信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)请阅读下列广告和相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。以下是旅游景点的信息：A. Agra FortNear the gardens of the Taj Mahal stands the important 16th-century Mughal monument known as the Red Fort of Agra. This powerful fortress of red sandstone encompasses, within its 2. 5-km-long enclosure wa
53、lls, the imperial city of the Mughal rulers. It comprises many fairy-tale palaces, such as the Jahangir Palace and the Khas Mahal, built by Shah Jahan; audience halls, such as the Diwan-i-Khas; and two very beautiful mosques. B. Taj MahalTaj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world
54、, and some Western historians have noted that its architectural beauty has never been surpassed. The Taj Mahal is the most beautiful monument built by the Mughals, the Muslim rulers of India. Taj Mahal is built entirely of white marble. It was constructed over a period of twenty-two years, employing
55、 twenty thousand workers. It was completed in 1648C. E. at a cost of 32 Million Rupees. C. Keoladeo National ParkThis former duck-hunting reserve of the Maharajas is one of the major wintering areas for large numbers of aquatic birds from Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, China and Siberia. Some 364 specie
56、s of birds, including the rare Siberian crane, have been recorded in the park. D. Humayuns Tomb, DelhiThis tomb, built in 1570, is of particular cultural significance as it was the first garden-tomb on the Indian subcontinent. It inspired several major architectural innovations, culminating in the c
57、onstruction of the Taj Mahal. The gardens also contain the red-and-white sandstone and black-and-yellow marble tomb of Humayuns wife and the tomb of Humayuns barber. E. Grand Canyon National Park The Grand Canyon is perhaps the most awesome sight in the United Statesand one of the wonders of the wor
58、ld. Much of the parks beauty is related to its geology and ecology. Schmidt explores the shape of the land, its plants and animals, and its human history. A fascinating book that everyone visiting the Grand Canyon should read. The Skywalk at Grand Canyon West is really exciting. F. Sundarbans Nation
59、al ParkThe Sundarbans covers 10, 000 sq. km of land and water (more than half of it in India, the rest in Bangladesh) in the Ganges delta. It contains the worlds largest area of mangrove forests. A number of rare or endangered species live in the park, including tigers, aquatic mammals, birds and re
60、ptiles. 请阅读以下旅游者的信息，然后匹配旅游者和他/她拟旅游的景点。46. Carina is fond of art and likes travelling very much. In order to take part in the following exhibition, she wants to take some photos of birds from all over the world, especially the rare Siberian crane. In the meanwhile, she doesnt want to spend too much m
61、oney. 47. Daisys major is biology. She is interested in studies of tigers in India. Before graduation, she needs to write an essay on the tiger. She hears that it is one of the largest tiger populations of any of Indias parks. And so she wants to go there to do some research. 48. Alexander is a coll
62、ege student of Physics. He learns that this canyon is a gift from past generations that goes beyond what we experience. He is looking forward to going there and experiencing the Skywalk in the park. 49. Sammy majors in history. He will visit it again this summer. He says its built entirely of white
63、marble and is one of the eight wonders of the world. Its beauty is beyond description, particularly at dawn and sunset. It seems to glow in the light of the full moon. On a foggy morning, the visitors experience it as if suspended when viewed from across the Jamuna river. 50. Nancy comes from the hi
64、story department. Last summer she visited the ancient markets of Agra and this year she wants to visit it again. Not long ago she said: “Arriving at the Delhi airport, we representatives were warmly received. Our tiredness flew in seconds by the traditional welcome that we got at the hotels receptio
65、n. ” The next day they visited the famous tomb. . 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 基础写作（共1小题，满分15分）最近，你作为研究性学习课题组的成员就高中英语新教材的看法在同学中间开展了一次调查，调查的结果如下：【写作内容】请根据以上调查结果，写一份简单的调查报告。报告的开头已给出, 不计入总句数。【写作要求】只能使用5个句子表达全部的内容。【评分标准】句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。I recently surveyed my classmates about their views on the new English textbo
66、ok_第二节 读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）阅读下面的短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。One morning, a friend of mine set the breakfast table beside a huge window, which overlooked the Tred Avon River. Suddenly she leaned forward and cried out, “There is a goose out there! ”We saw the figure of a large Canada goose, very still, its win
67、gs folded tight to its sides and its feet frozen to the ice. Then in the sky, she saw a line of swans. They flew from the top of the sky downward and at last landed on the ice. My friend was on her feet, with one unbelieving hand against her mouth. As the swans surrounded the frozen goose, she feare
68、d that the poor goose might be pecked out by those great swan bills. Unexpectedly, those bills began to work on the ice. The long necks were lifted and curved down (弯下) again and again. They went on for a long time. At last, the goose was free and standing on the ice. And the swans stood nearby watc
69、hing. Then, as if the goose was crying, “I cannot fly”, four of the swans came down around it. Their powerful bills chipped off the ice stuck in its feathers. Slowly, the goose spread its wings as far as they would go. Seeing the goose could freely move its wings, the swans flew slowly into the sky.
70、 This is a true story. Every time I think of it, I cant help asking, “If so for birds, why not for man? ”【写作内容】1. 以约30个词概括短文的含义; 2. 以约120个词写一篇关于帮助别人或接受别人帮助的一次经历并包含以下要点:（1）叙述你在学习或生活上帮助别人或接受别人帮助的一次经历; （2）阐述你对这件事的感受与体会; 【写作要求】1. 作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或者虚构的故事, 也可参照阅读材料的内容, 但不得直接引用原文中的句子; 2. 文中不能出现真实的姓名和学校名称。【评分标
71、准】概括准确, 语言规范, 内容合适，语篇连贯。_答案解析. 写信成了现代生活中的一件奢侈品。1.【解析】选D。一封信可以欣赏，读和重读。reread重读。2.【解析】选C。它花费很少的努力就可以保持友谊。3.【解析】选A。我举个例子吧。4.【解析】选B。我们作为孩子时很亲密但长大后分开了。5.【解析】选C。从下句our conversation was filled with arguments and quarrels可知：我们的见面不愉快。6.【解析】选A。缓解气氛的努力似乎只会加深我们之间的误解。7.【解析】选D。然后他搬到了一个小岛上。8.【解析】选A。我们失去了联系。9.【解析】选
72、C。重读他的信，我很吃惊于它的幽默和聪明的表达。10.【解析】选D。这些都是我曾经尊敬的哥哥的品质。11.【解析】选C。但我原以为在他身上不再有这样的品质了。12.【解析】选D。并且就是因为那一封信我们又变成了朋友。13.【解析】选C。如果他不在一个没有电话的地方，我想他是不会给我写信的。14.【解析】选B。我们生活在一个容易沟通的时代。15.【解析】选B。他们还有一个选择：写信。本文介绍如何结交新朋友。16.【解析】putting。表示“意味着干某事”，应为mean doing sth. 。17.【解析】Unfortunately。从no magical solution可以推断出“不幸地”
73、。18.【解析】to。因solution通常接介词to，表示“的解决方法”。19.【解析】The。序数词first前要用定冠词。20.【解析】who/ that。定语从句，关系代词在从句中作主语。21.【解析】their。指主语they“他们自己的”。22.【解析】because。后面解释“这可能是痛苦的”原因。23.【解析】impression。在“冠词+形容词”后要接名词。24.【解析】confident。在系动词feel后作表语，用形容词。25.【解析】what。在句中作do的宾语，用连接代词what；no matter what. . . 意为“不管你决定做什么”。. 本文主要介绍了一
74、项新兴的运动“跑酷”。26.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段Just like the James Bond in the movie Casino Royale. . . popular worldwide可知。27.【解析】选C。词义猜测题。由上文中的walls， gaps, rolls等词可以推测此处的obstacles指的是“障碍”。28.【解析】选A。推理判断题。由第三段using only the abilities of the human body可以推知答案。29.【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第三段. . . thats parkour, an extreme stree
75、t sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible. . . 可知。30.【解析】选D。推理判断题。由倒数第二段的You must determine your destination. . . 和最后一段的Another philosophy weve learnt from parkour is freedom可知。31.【解析】选A。细节理解题。从文章第三段And 71 per cent of 18 to 24-year-old dog owners said they relied more
76、on their computer. 可以知道，18岁至24岁的宠物狗主人中，有71%表示他们更离不开电脑。32.【解析】选B。细节理解题。文章的最后一段向我们说明的是家庭电脑给宠物狗带来的好处就是有利于主人更好地照顾宠物狗。33.【解析】选D。细节理解题。文章倒数第三段说明的就是随着家庭电脑的普及使用，人们上网就可以看全球新闻，报纸销售量下降，所以宠物狗也就减少了为主人叼报纸的乐趣了。34.【解析】选C。词义猜测题。provided (that)相当于as long as 意思是“只要”，表示条件。35.【解析】选C。归纳判断题。本文的开头就点明了文章的主题，然后具体分析了这种现象产生的原因
77、。主题就是个人电脑将取代宠物狗而成为人类的好朋友。36.【解析】选D。主旨大意题。文章的首段就点明了“长时间看电视或坐在电脑前有可能对患有型糖尿病的儿童不利。37.【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据该段内容“有助于减少长期糖尿病并发症的风险“可以看出“rein”的意思应该是“控制血糖”。 38.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第四段第一句话看出，儿童长时间看电视或玩电脑的时候很容易吃零食来打发时间，说明这是一种不良习惯。39.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段内容看出，研究表明肥胖、锻炼习惯及家庭收入与型糖尿病加重没有关联，但既然提到这些因素，也应该说明它们与糖尿病是有关联的。40.【解析】选
78、B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容很容易看出答案是B。41.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This, however, is the point at which most people either stop, or try, and fail, to come up with a convincing explanation for the English addiction to the weather. They fail because their premise is mistaken”可知，B项正确。42.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段“. . . they a
79、ssume that we talk about the weather because we have a keen interest in the subject. Most of them then try to figure out what it is about the English weather that is so fascinating. ”可知，C项正确。43.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that the English weather is not at all fascinatin
80、g, and that our addiction to it is therefore very difficult to explain”可知，D项正确。44.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第五段“The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty. . . . one of the few things you can say about England with absolute certainty is that it has a lot of weather. It may not include
81、 tropical cyclones but life at the edge of an ocean and the edge of a continent means you can never be entirely sure what youre going to get. ”可知，A项正确。45.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段“English weather-speak is a form of cleaning talkthe human equivalent of what is known as social cleaning among our primate cou
82、sins, . . . as a means of social connection. ”可知B项正确。46.【解析】选C。关键词是Siberian crane。47.【解析】选F。关键词是tigers。48.【解析】选E。关键词是canyon。49.【解析】选B。关键词是one of the eight wonders。50.【解析】选D。关键词是Delhi。基础写作【参考范文】 I recently surveyed my classmates about their views on the new English textbookAccording to the survey, 80
83、% of the students were quite satisfied with it, while 15 disliked it and 5 had no opinion. Students who liked it said the pictures with the texts were very attractive, which greatly aroused their interests in learningMoreover, the book was very interesting, covering many hot topics and providing lot
84、s of cultural knowledge of the worldHowever, students who disliked it complained there were too many new words and difficult sentences，making the texts difficult to understandIn conclusion, the new English textbook has helped most students improve their English enormously读写任务【参考范文】 The passage remin
85、ds us to help those who are in trouble and shows us helping others is a good virtue, which one should treasure. Life is not all roses. No one knows when he or she will be in trouble. The story above reminds me of my personal experience. There was a time when I performed badly in my maths. It seemed
86、that no matter how hard I tried, I still failed. Upset and disappointed, I fell ill and had to be in hospital for a couple of days. Hearing what had happened to me, Lily, my monitor, came to hospital, helping me with my schoolwork. It was with her aid that I recovered soon and improved myself in mat
87、hs rapidly. I felt really grateful for what she had done. From my experience above, Ive learned that the sincere help between people is of great significance. Only with the care and help of others, can we get out of the difficulties in life and fly again like the goose in the story. 高考英语语法：定语从句关系代词引
88、导的定语从句一.关系代词的用法: 关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中作主语在定语从句中作动词的宾语或者介词的宾语, 介词在后指人that / whothat / who / whom指物that / whichthat / which上表中黑框内的关系代词可以省略; 在口语及非正式文体中whom常被who所替代; 另外, 关系代词whose表示 (先行词)的二.示例:1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语a. Do you know the man that / who came to see Xiao Yang this morning ?b. This is a book that / which t
89、ells about space rocket.2.关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语a. The comrade ( that / who / whom ) they came to visit is a scientist.b. I will never forget the day ( that / which ) we spent in the countryside.3.关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语, 介词在后a. This is the house ( that / which ) he was born in.b. The person ( that / who / whom
90、) you should write to is Mr Ball.c. The man ( that / who / whom ) you talked with is our English teacher.4.whose引导的定语从句a. I know a lady whose husband is a Nobel Prize winner.b. The child whose mother died in the fire is now an engineer in our company.c. He is living in a house whose windows are pain
91、ted white.三.应注意的问题:1.指物时, 关系代词只用that而不用which的情况:.先行词被最高级或the only, the very, the same等修饰时a. This is the best play that was written by Jack.b. He is the only person that I can trust.先行词被序数词或the last等词修饰时a. This is the first car that arrived this morning.先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anythi
92、ng等不定代词时或被不定代词all, any, no等修饰时a. All the people that come from the country work much harder.b. This is all that I can tell you.人+动物或事物共同作为先行词时a. My father and Mr Brown talked of things and persons that they remembered for about an hour.句中又有which作为疑问词出现时a. Which is the train that goes to Beijing ?2.关
93、系代词who, which, that在定语从句中作主语时, 要注意定语从句中的主谓一致问题. 因为who / that / which指代先行词, 所以定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致即可a. I came to get the book that was left in the classroom.b. I came to get the books that were left in the classroom.关系副词引导的定语从句一.关系副词的用法: when在定语从句中作地点状语; where在定语从句中作地点状语; why在定语从句中作原因状语二.示例:a. He was well
94、 at the time when I saw him.b. Lets meet at the place where we met yesterday.c. This is the reason why I am in favor of the singer.三.应注意的问题:1.在某些表示时间的名词后的关系副词可省略, 这样的名词如: the time, every time, each time, the moment, the minute, the second等 (也有语法家认为是这些名词直接引导了时间状语从句)a. By the time ( when ) he was four
95、teen years old he had learned much English.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句一.说明: 关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时, 介词可以位于关系代词之前,从而构成介词+关系代词引导的定语从句二.这种定语从句中关系代词的用法: 在这种定语从句中, 关系代词只能用whom(指人)和which(指事物), 而不能使用that / who三.示例:a. This is the house in which he was born.b. The person to whom you should write is Mr Ball.c. The man with who
96、m you talked is our English teacher.d. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.四.应注意的问题:1.关系代词前的介词可以是单个介词,也可以是短语介词或类似短语介词的词组a. This is the house in which he was born.b. At five oclock we reached the house, in front of which there is a big tree.c. At five oclock we reached
97、 the mountain, at the foot of which lie some farmhouses.2.根据表达的需要, 介词之前还可以有其他词, 从而构成名词或代词+介词+关系代词引导的定语从句a. I used to live in a small room, the window of which faces the street.b. At the gate stood a group of students, some of whom are girls.3.介词若为短语动词中的介词, 则不可将介词拆开放在关系代词之前a. This is the magazine whi
98、ch you are looking for.( for不能放在which之前)b. The child whom Aunt Li takes care of is ill.( of不能放在whom之前)4.关系副词when / where / why常可与 介词+关系代词互换a. Do you remember the days when we were in Beijing? ( =in which we were in Beijing )b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?( =in which
99、 we once played for a whole day )c. This is the reason why he was absent yesterday. (= for which he was absent )限定性与非限定性定语从句一.两者的区别: 见下表形式作用译法限定性定语从句无逗号与主句分开修饰限定作用, 即不可缺少的定语其译文常位于先行词之前, 并体现的非限定性定语从句有逗号与主句分开附加、补充说明的作用, 若缺少它, 句意仍然完整常将其译成一个和主句并列的分句二.关系词的用法: 非限定性定语从句不能用that引导, 并且关系词在任何情况下都不能省略, 除此之外, 在关
100、系词的使用上, 非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句完全相同三.示例:a. My book, which is very old, is on the table.b. President Kennedy, who had heard of King before, was interested to meet him.c. His father, who is working in Beijing, is an engineer.d. The house, where he was born, has been destroyed in the earthquake.e. Mr. Smith,
101、with whom you just talked, is our English teacher.f. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.四.应注意的问题:1.as / which都可以引导一个非限定性定语从句, as / which是关系代词, 指代主句中所提到的某种情况, 它们的不同点是:.as引导的这种定语从句位置比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后. as还带有正如, 正象之意, 而which不含此意a. The earth is
102、like a ball, as everyone knows.b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.c. They said they were French, which wasnt true.常见问题一.定语从句还原法: 试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一点, 我们可以用还原法来检验定语从句是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做法是:.第一步: 替换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词
103、+关系代词, 再将关系代词替换成先行词.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the park last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是: 先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就得到一个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole day in the park.a. Do you remembe
104、r the park that / which we visited last year?b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?c. Do you still remember the days that / which we spent together ?d. Do you still remember the days when we were together?二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么a.
105、I was the only person in the office who was invited.b. He was the only one of the students who passed the GRE.as引导的这种定语从句位置比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后. as还带有正如, 正象之意, 而which不含此意a. The earth is like a ball, as everyone knows.b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.c. They said
106、 they were French, which wasnt true.常见问题一.定语从句还原法: 试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一点, 我们可以用还原法来检验定语从句是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做法是:.第一步: 替换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词+关系代词, 再将关系代词替换成先行词.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先
107、行词the park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the park last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是: 先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就得到一个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole day in the park.a. Do you remember the park that / which we visited last year?b. Do you remember the park where we once pla
108、yed for a whole day?c. Do you still remember the days that / which we spent together ?d. Do you still remember the days when we were together?二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么a. I was the only person in the office who was invited.b. He was the only one of the students who passed the GRE
