1、天水市一中2018级20202021学年度第四次考试试题英 语第卷 （选择题 共70分）第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节， 满分40分）第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ANeed a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply de
2、pend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province you could be eligible(符合条
3、件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer business
4、es.Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but no
5、t turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students ag
6、ed 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.1. What is special about Summer Company?A. It requires no training before employment.B. It provides awards for running new businesses.C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.D. It off
7、ers more summer job opportunities.2. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A. 15-18.B. 15-24.C. 15-29.D. 16-17.3. Which program favors the disabled?A. Jobs for Youth.B. Summer Company.C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D. Summer Employment Opportunities.【答案】1. B 2. D 3.
8、 D【解析】本文为应用文。省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生暑期在找到工作，本文介绍了其中一些项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Summer Company部分中的Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.可知，Summer Company为学生提供实践性的商业培训和高达3000美元的奖励，以启动和经营他们自己的暑期业务。“start and run the
9、ir own summer businesses”即“为开办新的业务”，这对应B项中的“runn new businesses”，二者是词义之间的转述关系。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Stewardship Youth Ranger Program部分中Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.可知，符合条件的学生是16岁或17岁的学生，但在今年12月31日之前未满18岁。由此得出，这个项目要求年龄在16-17岁之间。故
10、选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Summer Employment Opportunities部分中最后一句Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.可知，Summer Employment Opportunities有些职位是给残疾人的。故选D。BFor Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue, N.Y., today is speech day, and right now its Chris Palae
11、zs turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.But hes nervous. “Im here to tell you today why you should should” Chris trips on the “-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His t
12、eacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “Vote for me ” Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three
13、 years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起) how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student
14、,” Whaley explains, “especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, I dont know, but I want to know.”Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they though
15、t they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves.“Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,” Whaley says, “is very difficult for a ch
16、ild who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”4. What made Chris nervous?A. Telling a story.B. Making a speech.C. Taking a test.D. Answering a question.5. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jokes.6
17、. We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys project is to _.A. help students see their own strengthsB. assess students public speaking skillsC. prepare students for their future jobsD. inspire students love for politics7. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?A. Humorous.B. Ambiti
18、ous.C. Caring.D. Demanding.【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C【解析】本文属于记叙文。文章讲述了纽约一所小学二年级的老师树立信心，看到自己的优点，发起一项总统竞选演讲活动。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段today is speech day和本段最后一句with shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kids who would enjoy public speaking. 以及第二段第一句But hes nervous.可知，Chris眼睛黑亮，似乎是那种喜欢公共演讲的孩子，但是他却很紧张，故可知C
19、hris是因为做演讲紧张，故选B。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段“Im here to tell you today why you should should” Chris trips on the “-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers.以及后文except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well.可知，Chris发ld比较困难，这对于英语不是母语的学习者来说都是一个困难，总体来说Chris做得出奇的好。根据前文可知，ld发音困
20、难，故推知是有些结巴，停顿不准确，故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves.以及最后一段“Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,” Whaley says, “is very difficult for a child who came into the
21、 classroom not feeling confident.”可知，这个课程不仅仅教孩子阅读以及公共演讲，还要让孩子学会夸耀自己，而夸耀自己对于那些进入教室没有信心的学生来说很困难，故可知Whaley老师这么做是为了帮助学生认识自己的优势，培养自信，故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they c
22、ould never be a president.和最后一段He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves.可知，当他有一天问学生认为自己当不了总统请举手的时候，想到了一个想法，这个课程就是帮助学生树立自己的信心，故可以看出这位老师很关心学生的成长。A. Humorous幽默的；B. Ambitious有雄心壮志的；C. Caring关心的；D. Demanding要求高的。故选C。CAs data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is gro
23、wing for biometric(生物测量) technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smar
24、t keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, th
25、e keyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer its connected toregardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard
26、and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The
27、 researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.8. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?A. To reduce pressure on keys.B. To improve accuracy
28、 in typing.C. To replace the password system.D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.9. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?A. Computers are much easier to operate.B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.D. Data security meas
29、ures are guaranteed.10. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?A. Itll be environment-friendly.B. Itll reach consumers soon.C. Itll be made of plastics.D. Itll help speed up typing.11. Where is this text most likely from?A. A diary.B. A guidebookC. A novel.D. A magazine.【答案】8. D 9. C 1
30、0. B 11. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。数据和身份盗窃变得越来越普遍，而指纹扫描等这些防盗技术仍然很昂贵的。本文介绍了一种新的防止个人身份和数据在电子空间被盗的高科技智能键盘，而且这项技术也不贵。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.和第二段的Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem: a smart
31、 key board.可知，研究者们开发智能键盘是为了降低e-space保护的成本。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的The key board could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities可知，
32、用户打字的力度和按键之间的时间是不同的，这使得智能键盘能够识别人。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.可知，研究者们希望智能键盘能早日面世。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。本文介绍了一种新的防止个人身份和数据在电子空间被盗的高科技智能键盘，由此可推断本文最有可能来自于一本科学杂志。故选D。DDuring the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which
33、allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a
34、 well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tappe
35、d early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in h
36、igh school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surve
37、ys(调查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.”Dr. Prinstein has also f
38、ound that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play datesharing, kindness, opennesscarry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to posi
39、tive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.12. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?A. Unkind.B. Lone
40、ly.C. Generous.D. Cool.13. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The classification of the popular.B. The characteristics of adolescents.C. The importance of interpersonal skills.D The causes of dishonorable behavior.14. What did Dr. Prinsteins study find about the most liked kids?A. They app
41、eared to be aggressive.B. They tended to be more adaptable.C. They enjoyed the highest status.D. They performed well academically.15. What is the best title for the text?A Be NiceYou Wont Finish LastB. The Higher the Status, the BetterC. Be the BestYou Can Make ItD. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiv
42、eness【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了受欢迎度对青少年的影响。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status.可知，在美好的小学时光里，作者喜欢分享她的娃娃和笑话，由此推断出，作者在早年的小学时期是一个慷慨的女孩。A. Unkind不友善的；B. Lonely寂寞的；C. Generous
43、慷慨的；D. Cool冷静的。故选C。【13题详解】主旨大意题。第二段Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers.（临床心理学教授Mitch Prinstein将受欢迎的人分为两类:讨人喜欢的人和追求地位的人。）是段落主题句，本段内容分别对the likable 和the status seekers做了解释，所以本段主要介绍了两种受欢迎的分类，故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段
44、It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment （它清楚地表明，讨人喜欢可以促使健全的调整）推断出，心理学教授Mitch Prinstein的研究表明，讨人喜欢的孩子适应性更强，故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读全文内容，尤其是最后一段，可知这篇文章主要讲了受欢迎度对青少年的影响，讨人喜欢对青少年成长都有深远的有益影响。与选项A“友善一点你将不会排在最后（你不会完蛋/你会笑到最后）”一致，故选A。第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处
45、的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Talking with your doctorTalking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Dont be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you._16_Stay positive. Go to your doctors visits wi
46、th a good attitude._17_Think teamwork! Think positive! Keep track of how you are feeling. _18_This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be
47、honest about how you feel and how long youve felt that way._19_Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor.Ask
48、 questions. Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctors office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment._20_Remembertheres no such thing as a stupid question. If you dont understand the ans
49、wer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.A. This will make getting answers easier.B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments dont work.D. Before your doctors visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.E. R
50、emember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.G. Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information.【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. A【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章讲述了与医生谈话的几个小建议。【16题详解】根据文章第一段“Talking
51、freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Dont be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.”可知，与你的医生畅所欲言可以让你感觉好些，并向你的医生提供她或他需要的信息，以便为你提供最好的护理。不要害怕或尴尬地讨论困扰你的事情。再结合下文为几条具体的建议，所以B项：Here are s
52、ome tips for talking with your doctor.（这里有一些与你的医生交谈的小建议。）符合题意，为顺承关系，故选B。17题详解】根据文章第二段“teamwork!”意为团队可知，E项：Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.（记住，你的医生和其他护理人员都站在你这边。）与此呼应，故选E。【18题详解】根据文章“This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medici
53、nes make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long youve felt that way.”可知，这将使你更容易回答关于你的症状和药物让你感觉如何的问题。这也让你更容易提出你担心的任何事情。一定要诚实地说出你的感受，以及你这种感觉持续了多久。由此可知，这都是在讲感受，故D项：Before your doctors visit, keep
54、notes on how you are feeling.（在你的医生来之前，记下你的感受。）与之呼应，故选D。【19题详解】根据文章“Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your docto
55、r.”可知，你的病史是你的疾病，治疗，医生告诉你做什么，以及你认为你的医生应该知道的任何事情的清单。如果你有过敏的话，你也要提一下。因此可知看出，这是关于病史和清单的，故F项：Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.（带上你的病史，包括你目前的药物清单。）符合题意，相呼应，故选F。【20题详解】根据文章“Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you ha
56、ve when you are not in the doctors office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.”可知，不要害怕问你的医生你有的任何问题。当你不在医生办公室时，为了记住你的所有问题，把它们写下来，并带着清单去你的预约。以及“Remembertheres no such thing as a stupid question. If you dont understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it
57、again until you do understand.”可知，记住，没有什么愚蠢的问题。如果你不明白问题的答案，请医生再解释一遍，直到你明白为止。因此中间缺少过渡句，故A项：This will make getting answers easier.（这将使获得答案更容易。）正好可以连接两句，故选A。第二部分 语言知识运用 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my custom
58、ers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, _21_ can also drive you mad. Theyll come rushing in, _22_their handbags been stolen. Theyll _23_ that they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then _24_ it had been in their car all the time. Theyll have out half the _25_ in the shop,
59、 and want the only style you dont have left in a _26_ colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep _27_.I remember the first really _28_ customer we had at Covent Garden. She was _29_ absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather _30_ that she be
60、came a “regular”. After a while, she _31_ for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat _32_, and since shed found it too much to cope with (应对), shed taken it out on _33_ people.That taught me a valuable _34_ and I pass it on to th
61、e people who _35_ in the market. Dont take it _36_. If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe shes had a row with her husband. Maybe her childs not _37_.” Always water it down and dont let your ego (自我) get _38_. If you do, you wont be able to _39_ it and the whole thing develops into an
62、 unpleasant scene and that _40_ everyones day.21. A. shopkeepersB. customersC. salespersonsD. receptionists22. A. sayingB. pretendingC. guessingD. replying23. A. agreeB. promiseC. imagineD. swear24. A. forgetB. decideC. discoverD. assume25. A. foodsB. cataloguesC. belongingsD. goods26. A. particular
63、B. differentC. matchingD. natural27. A. fightingB. smilingC. waitingD. changing28. A. generousB. politeC. carelessD. difficult29. A. curious aboutB. displeased withC. patient withD. uncertain about30. A. relaxedB. delightedC. surprisedD. embarrassed31. A. searchedB. arguedC. prayedD. apologized32. A
64、. by chanceB. by herselfC. on purposeD. on duty33. A. rudeB. suchC. otherD. lonely34. A. lessonB. trickC. skillD. trade35. A. workB. shopC. meetD. quarrel36. A. kindlyB. secretlyC. personallyD. casually37. A. readyB. awayC. upD. well38. A. out of sightB. in the wayC. behind the sceneD. above the law
65、39. A. stressB. expectC. handleD. blame40. A. ruinsB. makesC. startsD. saves【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. A【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人，遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客，而有一个难缠的顾客，一开始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者，是因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气撒到其他人身上
66、，这让作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，不然当事情发展成不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主；B. customers顾客；C. salespersons售货员； D. receptionist接待员。根据上文I care deeply about my customers可知作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会冲进来，说手提包被偷了。A. saying说；B. pretending假装
67、；C. guessing猜测；D. replying回答。结合后文their handbags been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. agree同意；B. promise承诺；C. imagine想象；D. swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. forget忘记；B. decide决定；C.
68、 discover发现；D. assume假设。结合后文it had been in their car all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. foods食物；B. catalogues目录；C. belongings所有物；D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的是商店里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜
69、色的存货。A. particular特别的；B. different不同的；C. matching相配的；D. natural自然的。结合上文the only style you dont have left in a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色（particular）没有存货的款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting打架；B. smiling微笑；C. waiting等待；D. changing改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这种情
70、况，虽然店员会很沮丧，“但是”一词边是转折，与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反，结合选项，B项“微笑”符合句意。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨的；B. polite礼貌的；C. careless粗心的；D. difficult难缠的，困难的。结合后文nothing was right可知这位顾客对一切都不满，很难缠。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. curious about好奇；B. displeas
71、ed with对不满意；C. patient with对有耐心；D. uncertain about对不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. relaxed放松的；B. delighted高兴的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A
72、. searched搜索；B. argued争论；C. prayed祈祷；D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选D。【32题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然；B. by herself她独自地；C. on purpose故意地；D. on duty值班。结合上文She had split up with her husband the week before,
73、 was living in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了，因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的；B. such这样的；C. other其他的；D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文since shed found it too much to cope with, shed taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这
74、给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程，教训；B. trick诡计；C. skill技能；D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work工作；B. shop购物；C. meet会面；D. quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。【36题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：别太在意。A. kindly亲切地；B. secretly秘密地；C. personally亲自地；D.
75、casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it personally“在意，把这些放在心上”。故选C。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地；B. away离开；C. up向上；D. well好地。根据上文Maybe shes had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选D。【38题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见；B. in the way
76、妨碍，挡道；C. behind the scene幕后；D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客，要淡化这种不好的情绪，不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. stress强调；B. expect期待；C. handle处理；D. blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. ru
77、ins毁灭；B. makes制作；C. starts开始；D. saves拯救。结合上文the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故选A。第II卷 （非选择题，共50分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Face masks are reportedly selling out in _41_ (city) across Asia because of the
78、 spread of a deadly new coronavirus. But will these masks stop people _42_ (catch) the virus thoroughly? We know it is a kind of airborne (空气传播的) virus, _43_ can spread easily among people. So it makes sense _44_ (cover) your nose and mouth.Now two main types of face masks are being used to do that.
79、 One is the standard surgical mask. But these masks cant offer full protection _45_ airborne viruses. They dont fully seal off the nose and mouth, so very small particles can simply pass through the material of the masks. These masks also leave the wearers eyes _46_ (expose), through which the virus
80、 can infect them. _47_ other type, the N95 mask, is more effective than the surgical mask. They can prevent 95 percent of small particles entering the nose and mouth area. But they wont work _48_ they fit properly. And they arent suitable for children or people with _49_ (face) hair.There _50_ (be)
81、other precautions (预防措施) people can take to avoid catching the virus, such as avoiding large public gatherings, staying at home and washing hands frequently.【答案】41. cities 42. catching 43. which 44. to cover 45. from / against 46. exposed 47. The 48. unless 49. facial 50. are【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了预防新
82、型冠状病毒的传播，人们佩戴的两种类型的口罩。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：据报道，由于一种致命的新型冠状病毒的传播，口罩在亚洲各城市销售一空。根据句中across Asia可知，句中指亚洲的各城市，而不止是一个城市，city意为“城市”，为可数名词，故应用city的复数形式cities。故填cities。【42题详解】考查固定短语。句意：但是这些口罩会彻底阻止人们感染病毒吗？句中涉及固定短语“stop sb. doing sth.”，意为“阻止某人做某事”，catch意为“感染，染上（疾病）”，动词词性，动词ing形式为catching。故填catching。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：
83、我们知道它是一种空气传播的病毒，很容易在人与人之间传播。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为virus，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。【44题详解】考查固定句型。句意：所以捂住你的鼻子和嘴是有道理的。句中涉及固定句型“it makes sense to do sth.”，意为“做某事是有道理的”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式结构，cover意为“覆盖”，动词词性，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填to cover。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：但这些口罩不能完全抵御空气传播的病毒。句中涉及固定短语“protection against
84、”，意为“防护，抵御”，against意为“反对，抵御”，介词词性；或用“protection from”，意为“防止”，from意为“（使）免遭”，介词词性。故填from / against。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些口罩还会让佩戴者的眼睛暴露在外，病毒可以通过眼睛感染他们。句中有谓语动词leave且句中无连词，故应用expose的非谓语动词形式，expose意为“暴露”，动词词性，eyes与expose为逻辑上的被动关系，即眼睛被暴露在外面，故应用expose的过去分词exposed作宾语补足语。故填exposed。【47题详解】考查固定短语。句意：另一种类型，N95口罩，比
85、外科口罩更有效。根据上文“Now two main types of face masks are being used to do that. One is”可知，文中共介绍了两种口罩，空格处为另一种，涉及固定短语“onethe other”，意为“（两者中）一个，另一个”，故空格处应用the，句首单词首字母大写。故填The。【48题详解】考查从属连词。句意：但是，除非它们佩戴正确，否则它们不会起作用。根据句意可知，句子为条件状语从句，表示“除非”它们佩戴正确，否则它们不会起作用，unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句，符合句意。故填unless。【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：而且它们
86、也不适合儿童或者有胡须的人。句中hair意为“毛发”，名词词性，前面应用形容词修饰，face意为“脸”，名词词性，对应的形容词为facial，意为“面部的”，facial hair意为“胡须”。故填facial。【50题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人们可以采取其他预防措施来避免感染病毒。句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子为there be句型，precautions意为“预防措施”，为可数名词复数形式，故be动词应用are。故填are。第二节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51. 文中共有10处语言错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个
87、漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。People always say that we lack of the awareness of realizing the beauty in life. I cant agree complete. Last Friday, I wake up very early and decided to take a walk. In the square which many s
88、enior citizens were dancing, I found several elders absorb in feeding birds. Without many cars produce smog on the street, I realized that the city looked so clean and beautiful. Some coffee shops, which used to be old but shabby, were decorated pretty well and they caught my attention. On both side
89、s of the street were big trees covering the whole city, making comfortable to walk in the city. At that moment, I found a city was so interesting. How I regret ignore its beauty before!【答案】1.去掉of2. completecompletely 3. wakewoke 4. whichwhere 5. absorbabsorbed6. produceproducing7. butand 8. making后加
90、it 9. athe10 ignoreignoring【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者上周五早晨散步的时候，发现了自己所在城市的美，后悔自己以前忽视了它的美丽。【详解】1.考查lack用法。句意：人们总是说我们缺少发现生活中的美的眼睛。此处的lack是及物动词，其后直接接宾语，of是多余。故去掉of。2.考查副词。句意：我不能完全同意（这个观点）。修饰动词agree应用副词completely，作状语。故complete 改为 completely。3.考查动词时态。句意：上周五，我醒得很早，决定去散步。根据上文Last Friday，可知事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时。故wak
91、e 改为 woke。4. 考查定语从句。句意：在广场上，许多老年人在跳舞；我发现几位老年人正全神贯注地喂鸟。此处为定语从句修饰先行词square，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故which 改为 where。5.考查非谓语动词。句意：在广场上，许多老年人在跳舞；我发现几位老年人正全神贯注地喂鸟。分析句子结构可知absorb在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，be absorbed in表示“全神贯注于”，此处省略be动词，absorbed作宾语补足语，故absorb改为absorbed。6.考查非谓语动词。句意：街上没有很多产生烟雾的汽车，我意
92、识到这个城市看起来是如此的干净和美丽。此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，cars与produce为主动关系，应用现在分词。故produce改为producing。7.考查连词。句意：曾经破旧一些咖啡店，装修得很好，他们吸引了我的注意。old 和shabby为并列关系，应用连词and。故but改为and。8.考查代词。句意：街道的两边都是大树，覆盖了整个城市，使得走在城市里很舒服。此处为“make+it+形容词+不定式短语”结构，it在句中作形式宾语，不定式为真正宾语。故making后加it。9.考查冠词。句意：在那一刻，我发现这座城市是如此有趣。city此处为特指应用定冠词th
93、e。故a改为 the。10.考查非谓语动词。句意：我多么后悔以前忽视了它的美丽！结合句意表示“后悔做过的事”短语为regret doing sth.。故ignore改为ignoring。第三节 书面表达（满分25分）52. 假定你是李华，半个月前你从国外某网站上订购了一台笔记本电脑和一套英文小说，昨天才到货，且电脑不是你订购的型号，小说也有缺页现象。请就此向网店客服写邮件投诉。要点如下：1. 介绍购物情况；2. 反映存在问题；3. 提出解决方案。注意：1.词数100词左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】To whom it may concern,Im one of your
94、customers. Im writing to make a complaint about your goods. To begin with, I ordered a notebook computer and a set of English novels on your website two weeks ago, but I didnt receive them until yesterday. Besides, to my disappointment, the computer I received isnt the one I ordered. If you refer to
95、 my original order, you will find that I requested a Model 506 computer. However, Model 480 reached me instead, causing me much inconvenience. To make matters worse, the books are far from satisfying, as I found some pages missing. Therefore, I hope you can solve the matter for me. I wonder if you c
96、an take back those you sent out and replace them with a Model 506 computer and a new set of books.I would appreciate it if you could give due attention to this matter. Looking forward to your reply.Yours faithfully,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本文是一片应用文，就所购买的电脑和小说像克服进行问题投诉。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时。结构：总分法总
97、分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 介绍购物情况；2. 反映存在问题；3. 提出解决方案。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）make a complaint about; receive; original; inconvenience; send out; take back; appreciate第三步：连词成句1. To begin with, I ordered a notebook computer and a set of English novels on your website two weeks ago, but I didnt rece
98、ive them until yesterday.2. Besides, to my disappointment, the computer I received isnt the one I ordered.3. However, Model 480 reached me instead, causing me much inconvenience.4. To make matters worse, the books are far from satisfying, as I found some pages missing.5. Therefore, I hope you can so
99、lve the matter for me.6. I wonder if you can take back those you sent out and replace them with a Model 506 computer and a new set of books.7. I would appreciate it if you could give due attention to this matter.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：to begin with2.表并列补充关系：besides, to
100、make matters worse3.表转折对比关系：however4.表因果关系：therefore连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 However, Model 480 reached me instead, causing me much inconvenience. (运用了现在分词作状语)高分句型2 I wonder if you can take back those you sent out and replace them with a Model 506 computer and a new set of books. (运用了if引导的宾语从句)
