1、2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练（10）及答案解析 (2012四川眉山一诊)BBC Sports program SundayWe are currently planning our Volunteer Program, which will ensure volunteers are trained and ready to go for 2012.Up to 70,000 volunteers will be needed to help put on the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games.Our program will aim to
2、 encourage a wide range of people to join in.We will provide the training to make sure our volunteers skills are of the highest standard.London 2012 is an opportunity to inspire everyone to develop their interests and volunteerin sport and also more widely within their community.Applications will op
3、en in the late 2011.Well recruit(招募) volunteers from across the UKfrom a range of communities and backgrounds.Our recruitment process will be open and fair.Our goal is to select applicants who meet our standards and who will bring passion, enthusiasm and energy to the Games.Previous volunteering exp
4、erience is not necessary.Well give each successful applicant a specific role, allowing them to contribute meaningfully to the Games.There will be two kinds of Games volunteerspecialist and generalist.Specialist volunteers will have specific existing skills or qualifications that are needed for them
5、to complete the role, for example, sport or medical training.Generalist volunteers will not need any special skills or qualifications and will receive full training.They might be given roles in areas such as event services, uniform distribution (分发) and village operations.All volunteers will be expe
6、cted to attend training events that will give them the knowledge they need to carry out their role.There are lots of charities and sporting organizations that are looking for volunteers to help them.While you are waiting for applications for the London 2012 volunteer program to open in the late 2011
7、, why not consider getting involved locally? You can find opportunities to volunteer in a range of activities in your local area by following the links on the right hand side of this page or make local enquiries about the needs in your community.文章大意：本文主要报道了英国准备怎样为2012年伦敦奥运会招募志愿者的情况。64Where will you
8、 probably find this article?A.In a newspaper. B.On a webpage.C.In a magazine. DIn a textbook 65Who can apply to become a volunteer in the 2012 Olympics?A.People from some Englishspeaking countries.B.People with volunteering experience.C.People who meet the standards.D.People with a knowledge of the
9、Olympic history.66Which of the following statements is WRONG?A.Two kinds of volunteers will be needed.B.Specialist volunteers do not have to attend training events.C.Applications will not be accepted until 2011.D.Generalist volunteers will be fully trained67What can you do in July, 2011?A.Do some vo
10、lunteering work locally.B.Apply to become a volunteer in the 2012 Olympics.C.Get trained in the Volunteer Program.D.Join in the Olympic Games.64答案：B推理判断题。由文章最后一句话“.by following the links on the right hand side of this page.”可知。65答案：C细节理解题。由第二段第四句“Our goal is to select applicants who meet our standar
11、ds and who will bring passion, enthusiasm and energy to the Games.”可知应该选C。66答案：B细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句话“All volunteers will be expected to attend training events.”可知，应该选B。67答案：A细节理解题。根据最后一段：伦敦奥运会志愿者要在2011年底才开始招募。目前可以在地方上做志愿者。*结束 (2012莆田质检)Discover World Heritage(遗产)Heritage is treasure from the pastwhat w
12、e live with today and what we pass on to future generations. To preserve the treasure, UNESCO safeguards hundreds of natural and cultural World Heritage sites around the world.Here are 5 World Heritage sites：Founded, according to legend(传说)，by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC, Rome was first the centre o
13、f the Roman Republic, then of the Roman Empire, and it became the capital of the Christian word in the 4th century.Founded in 3,000 BC, Damascus is one of the oldest cities in the Middle East. In the Middle Ages, it was the centre of the splendid craft industry, specializing in swords. The city has
14、some 125 monuments from different periods of its history.Havana was founded in 1519 by the Spanish. By the 17th century, it had become one of the Carribbeans main centres of shipbuilding. Although it is today a modern city, its old centre remains an interesting mix of Baroque and meoclassical(新古典主义的
15、)monuments.Pingyao, founded in the 14th century, shows the evolution(演变)of architeetural styles and town planning in Imperial China over five centuries. Of special interest are the splendid buildings associated with banking, for which Pingyao was the major centre for the whole of China in the 19th a
16、nd early 20th centuries.The Rainforests of the Atsinanana are extremely important for keeping ongoing ecological processes necessary for the survival of Madagascars unique biodiversity(生物多样性)，which reflects the islands geological history. Having completed its separation from all other land masses mo
17、re than 60 million years ago, Madagascars plant and animal life evolved in isolation(孤立).68.According to the passage, Rome was_.A.a city only existing in legend Bthe centre of Roman Republic before 753 BCC.founded by a Roman Emperor Donce the capital of the Christian world69Which of the following wa
18、s first founded?A.Rome. B.Damascus. CHavana. DPingyao.70Madagascars unique biodiversity is due to_.A.the ongoing ecological process of the island B.the geological history of the islandC.the rare and threatened animals on the island D.the unique plants on the island68答案：D细节理解题。由第一幅图右面的说明文字的最后一句话可知，罗马
19、在公元4世纪成为基督世界的中心。69答案：B细节理解题。A项是公元前753年；B项是公元前3000年；C选是1519年；D选是十四世纪。所以最先建成的是B项。70答案：B细节理解题。由最后一幅图第一句话“.which reflects the islands geological history.”可知。*结束 (2012济南二月月考)Almost 20 years ago, a few days before Christmas, Roni Austins 6yearold daughter, Lauren, went to a Jack in the Box in Carlsbad and
20、 ate a hamburger. She got sick, was rushed to a hospital and never came home. Lauren was the first to die in a multistate E._coli outbreak that killed three other children and sickened 700 people.Like many people, Austin had never heard of E. coli before. At first bewildered, and then angry, Austin
21、soon became the face of foodsafety reform in California and beyond. She cofounded a nonprofit group, Safe Tables Our Priority(STOP), and pushed successfully for legislation (立法) requiring E. coli to be a reportable illness, so outbreaks could be followed and stopped sooner.Nervous initially to be in
22、 the spotlight, she learned not to fear politicians for the beef and fastfood industries. She was in the Oval Office when President Clinton signed the most sweeping changes to federal foodinspection law in the 1990s. She was in Sacramento when a state measure named after her daughter passed, indicat
23、ing minimum cooking temperatures in restaurants.Austin, 64, is not sure she has much choice. Every time she thinks shes handed off the baton(指挥棒) to others, though, something brings her back. A phone call from a parent who has lost a child to a foodborne illness. A news story about another outbreak.
24、 An event at La Costa Heights Elementary School, where redheaded Lauren was in first grade and where a memorial garden was planted in her honor.Fixing food safety meant putting her career as a fashion designer on hold and flying 10 times to Washington DC to testify. It meant going to Sacramento to s
25、peak a halfdozen times. Shes not fond of the legislative process. Asked what shes proudest of in making her way through all that, she said, “That I didnt give up.” 文章大意：Roni Austin六岁的女儿因为食品问题而丧生，这激起了一位母亲的斗志。从此，Roni Austin就开始了为食品安全而奔波的道路。71What does the underlined word “E. coli” in Paragraph 1 refer
26、to?A. A fastfood restaurant. B. A special person.C. A reportable illness.D. A state of America.72The third Paragraph is mainly about_.A. the great changes in food inspectionB. Austins efforts to achieve food safetyC. the standards and practices of safe food D. the federal plan to monitor food produc
27、tion73It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that_.A. food safety problems are very seriousB. Roni Austin was forced to do the jobC. more people are concerned about food safetyD. Roni Austin donated to a memorial garden74Which of the following is true of Roni Austin?A. She regretted for what she had do
28、ne.B. She used to be a fashion teacher.C. She founded the organization STOP on her own.D. She is the representative of foodsafety reform.75What can be the best title for the text?A. Mothers Way of Making Food Safe.B. Painful Reminders, Constant Efforts.C. Mothers Pride in Public Services.D. Handling
29、 Sorry, Celebrating Life.71答案：C推理判断题。由划线前内容可知，Lauren吃了一个汉堡，然后病了被送往医院，最后死了。划线后讲到它的爆发也导致了另外三名儿童死亡，七百多人得病。由此可推断划线部分指的是一种病。72答案：B主旨大意题。纵观该段，主要讲的是Lauren的母亲为食品安全而做的各种努力。如：她克服了对支持快餐业务的政客的恐惧；建议设立食物的最低烹调温度等。73答案：A推理判断题。由第四段内容可推知，食品安全形势依然很严峻。其他选项都不对。74答案：D推理判断题。由最后一段可知，她没有后悔，因为她对自己没有放弃感到骄傲，所以A项错误；由最后一段可知，她过去是
30、一名时装设计师，而不是时装老师，所以B项错误；由第二段第三句话“She cofounded a nonprofit group, Safe Tables Our Priority(STOP).”可知，她和别人共同创立了STOP组织，所以C项错误；由全文可知，她就是食品安全的卫士，是食品改革的代表。75答案：A主旨大意题。由文章大意可知，本文主要讲述一位母亲为食品安全而奔波的努力过程，所以A项正确。*结束*结束 (2011福建卷，E)The internet will open up new vistas (前景)，create the global villageyou can make ne
31、w friends all around the world.That，at least, is what it promised us.The difficulty is thatit did not take the human mind into account.The reality is that we can not keep relationship with more than a limited number of people.No matter how hard the internet tries to putyou in communication, its best
32、 efforts will be defeated by your mind.The problem is twofold(双重的)First, there is a limit on the number of people we can hold in mind and have a meaningful relationship with.That number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain.Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount o
33、f time you invest (投入) in them.We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute whats left among as many others as we can.The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline (减弱)until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”This
34、is not, of course, to say that the internet doesnt serve a socially valuable function.Of course it does.But the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world, but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going ev
35、en though you have to move to the other side of the world.In one sense, thats a good thing.But it also has a disadvantage.If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see them, then certainly you arent using your time to make new friends where you now live.And I suspec
36、t that probably isnt the best use of your time.Meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other, face to face.The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end, but it wont stop that happening eventually.一般认为网络在让人与人交流方面起到了非常重要的作用。而本文作者对此却持怀疑态度。他认为网络在加强人与人之
37、间的关系方面并没有起到应有的作用。17What is stressed in the first paragraph?AThe present situation of the internet.BThe difficulty in communication on the internet.CThe socially valuable function of the internet.DThe role of the human mind in the internet communication.答案：D。主旨大意题。由文章第一段特别是最后一句“No matter how hard the
38、 internet tries to put you in communication，its best efforts will be defeated by your mind.”可知人类思维在网络交流中起到举足轻重的作用，故D项正确。18The underlined word “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means “_”Aappointment BconnectionCinterview Dagreement答案：B。词义猜测题。句意为：问题是如果我们在一个人身上花很少时间，我们跟这个人的联系将会减弱到“他只是一个曾经认识
39、的人”，因此划线单词意为“联系，交往”。19According to the passage, the author holds the view that_.Athe internet fails to play so valuable a role in communication as it promisedBthe internet determines the quality of social relationshipsCthe internet greatly increases the size of social circlesDthe internet communicat
40、ion is no less effective than the facetoface talk答案：A。推理判断题。由文章的一些信息“This is not ，of course，to say that the internet doesnt serve a socially valuable function.以及The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end，but it wont stop that happening eventually.”等可推知网络在人与人之间的交流上并没有起到应有的作用，故A
41、项正确。20What is the authors attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships?AHe is uncertain about it.BHe is hopeful of it.CHe approves of it.DHe doubts it.答案：D。态度观点题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了网络在人与人之间的交流方面并没有起到应有的作用，因此作者对网络在加强人与人之间关系方面持的是怀疑的态度，D项正确。 (2011福建卷，A)Driving a car is not just handlin
42、g controls and judging speed and distance.It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected.When alcohol is consumed，it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depresant (抑制药)，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination (协调)，slowing down reaction
43、time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.Even below the drink driving limit，driving will be affected.Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed
44、 with fruit juice.To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is：50 milligrams of alc
45、ohol per 100ml of blood；or22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath；or67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of uriue (尿液)Drivers who cause traffic accidents，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested.Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will b
46、e charged.The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 drivingoffence points；or temporarily banned from driving.The same punishment applies to failing to provide speeimens(样本) for breath，blood or urine tests without g
47、ood excuse.Drink driving is a criminal offence.Be a responsible driver，think before you drink. For the safety of yourself and other road users，never drive after consuming alcohol. 本文主要讲述酒后驾车的危害，对酒驾的惩罚等，呼吁人们为了自身和他人的健康，一定不要酒后驾车。1The first paragraph is mainly about_.Athe introductions of driving skills
48、Bthe damage of drinking to your bodyCthe effect of drinking on drivingDthe process of alcohol being absorbed答案：C。主旨大意题。由第一段的“it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.”可知，本段
49、主要讲述酒后驾车的影响，故C项正确。2The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “_”Aalcohol BabsorptionCblood Dprocess答案：D。词义猜测题。由前半句“To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process”，可知，后半句表示“采取像淋浴或者是喝杯茶，咖啡等的措施来加速这个过程是不可能的”故it指代process，D项正确。3Which of the following is TRUE according to the p
50、assage?ADrinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving.BAlcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice.CHaving a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.D50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink driving limit.答案：B。细节理解题。由第二段中“Absorpt
51、ion rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice”可知B项正确。4A driver suspected of drink driving_.Ashould provide specimens for testingBwill be forbidden to drive for 3 yearsCwill be punished for 10 drivingoffence pointsDshould pay a maximum fine of
52、 HK$25,000答案：A。细节理解题。由文章信息“Drivers who cause traffic accidents ，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested”可知A项正确。 (2011安徽卷，B)Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our
53、 cleanest and richest power sources (来源), as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills (风车) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind po
54、wer.For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground when electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by
55、 the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply o
56、f coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.风能早在公元前七世纪就开始被人们用风车所利用，当人们发明了电以后，风能被用来发电，但随着电的广泛使用，风车逐渐不被人们使用了。而进入二十世纪七十年代后，人们又逐渐认识到了风能的优势。5From the
57、text we know that windmills _.A. were invented by European armiesB. have a history of more than 2,800 yearsC. used to supply power to radio in remote areasD. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered答案：C。细节理解题。由第一段最后两句话可知风车首先是在古代伊朗被使用，故排除A项；公元前七世纪到现在应是不足2800年，故排除B项；由第二段当中的第二、三句话可以排除D项，同
58、时也能知道C项是正确的。6What was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century?A. Sailing a boat. B. Producing electricity.C. Grinding wheat into flour.D. Pumping water from underground.答案：B。细节理解题。由文章第二段中的第二句话可知“在十九世纪末期人们发现了电以后，住在偏远地区的人们开始用风车发电”。7One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is tha
59、t _.A. wind power is cleanerB. it is one of the oldest power sourcesC. it was cheaper to create energy from windD. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs答案：A。主旨大意题。由文章最后一段可知。8What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?A. The advantages of wind power.B. The design of wind power plants.C. The worldwide movement to save energy.D. The global trend towards producing power from wind.答案：D。推理判断题。文章最后一句话“如今，出现了一个全球化的运动，要通过风能的利用来提供越来越多的电力”，表明作者会就这个话题继续展开。
