1、Section Integrating Skills&Cultural CornerModule 3 Adventure in Literature and the CinemaThe Life of Mark TwainOften the lives of writers resemble the lives of thecharacters they create.Mark Twain,who wrote TheAdventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of TomSawyer，was no exception.To start w
2、ith，the authors name,Mark Twain,is itself an invention,or“pen name”.Twains real name was Samuel Clemens.“Mark Twain”，which means“watermark two”，was a call used by sailorson the Mississippi to warn shipmates that they were cominginto shallow water.Like Huck,Mark Twain led an adventurous life.He left
3、school early,and as an adolescent，determined10 to make his fortune in South America,set off from his home in Hannibal,Missouri,for New Orleans.He wanted to take a boat to the Amazon,where he thought he could get rich quickly.He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocketonly to find that th
4、ere were no boats for South America.Forced to change his plans,he worked for several years as a pilot on a steamboat,taking passengers up and down the Mississippi，the great river which flows from the north of the US near the Canadian border，down to the Gulf of Mexico.Later he became a journalist and
5、 began writing storiesabout life on the river.Twains vivid and often amusingdescriptions of life on the river quickly became popular,andestablished the reputation he still enjoys today as one ofAmericas greatest writers.resemblerIzemblvt.与相似createkrieItvt.塑造；创作定语从句 they create 修饰 characters。who wrot
6、e.and.为非限制性定语从句，修饰 Mark Twain。exceptionIksepnn.例外to start with 首先，起初。用作插入语。which means“watermark two”为非限制性定语从句，修饰“Mark Twain”。shallowladj.浅的lead(live)a/an.life 过着一种的生活adolescentdlesntn.青少年10 determineddItmIndadj.坚决的make ones fortune 发财set off 出发；启程where.为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the Amazon。pennypenin.(硬币)便士；(美)分
7、(pl.pennies/pence)without a penny in his pocket 是 without 的复合结构。only to find“不料/结果发现”，指意想不到的结果。forcefsvt.强迫；迫使 be forced to do sth.被迫做某事up and down 来来往往现在分词短语 taking.作伴随状语。which.为定语从句，修饰 the great river。21 vividvIvIdadj.(描述)生动的；逼真的22 description n描述23 establishIstblIvt.确立；确定；建立24 reputationrepjteInn
8、.名誉；名望；声望25 he still enjoys today 为定语从句，修饰 reputation。马克吐温的一生作家们的人生经历往往和他们创造的人物很相似。写了哈克贝利费恩历险记和汤姆索亚历险记的马克吐温也不例外。首先，作者的名字马克吐温，本身就是创造的，或者说是“笔名”。吐温的真名是塞缪尔克莱门斯。“马克吐温”意思是“水深二英尺”，这是密西西比河上的水手们用来警告同船水手们他们正在进入浅水区的口号。像哈克一样，马克吐温也曾有过冒险的生涯。他很早就辍学了，当时还是一名青少年，就决心到南美洲去发财，他从家乡密苏里州的汉尼拔动身去了新奥尔良。他想乘船去亚马逊，他认为在那里他很快就会富起来
9、。他身无分文地来到新奥尔良时，却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了。迫不得已他只好改变了计划，在一艘汽船上当了好几年领航员，带着乘客往返于密西西比河，这条大河从加拿大边境附近的美国北部流向墨西哥湾。后来他成了一名记者并开始写有关河上生活的故事。吐温对河上生活形象而又时常逗人发笑的描述很快就受到了欢迎，这确立了今天他仍然享有的美国最伟大的作家之一的名誉。Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.1From the text，we can know that_AMark Twain was a college studentBMark Twai
10、n was born in a rich family and his father left hima lot of fortuneCMark Twain left school early and he went to make his ownfortuneDMark Twain started writing early and made his fortune inCalifornia2Mark Twain decided to take a boat to the Amazon_Abecause he could write the book The Adventure ofHuck
11、leberry Finn thereBbecause he wanted to meet Huckleberry Finn thereCand he arrived in the South America as he wishedDbut he found no boat there at all and so he had to changehis plan3From the passage we can see that _Alike many writers，Mark Twain wrote his stories on the basisof his own life experie
12、ncesBMark Twain was famous for his stories only in the lastcenturyCMark Twain was famous as an American writer but he grewup in CanadaDMark Twain used to be a traveler to collect materials for hiswriting答案：13.CDA基础词汇1_ n.外形；轮廓 2_ n.喜剧 3_ n.虚构或幻想出来的事 4_ n.(影视、音乐)评论 5_ vt.与相似 outlinecomedyfictionrevie
13、wresemblereputation6_ adj.浅的 7_ vt.强迫；迫使 8_ adj.(描述)生动的；逼真的 9_ vt.确立；确定；建立 10_ n.名誉；名望；声望 shallowforcevividestablishreputation 拓展词汇 11 _ vt.打 扰 disturbed adj.心 神 不 安 的disturbing adj.令人不安的 12_ adj.浪漫的；关于爱情的romance n.浪漫；浪漫故事 13_ vt.塑造；创作creation n.创作；创造；创 建 creative adj.创 造 的；创 造 性 的；有 创 造 力 的creativi
14、ty n.创造性；创造力 14_ n.例外except prep.除了之外 15_ vt.警告 warning n.提醒；警告；告诫 16 _ adj.坚 决 的 determine v.决 定determination n.坚定；决心disturbromanticcreateexceptionwarndetermined1_ 捉弄某人，对某人恶作剧 2_ 编造(说法、解释等)3_ 有意(做某事)；有(做某事的)心情 4_ 设置(戏剧、小说等的)背景 5_ 发财 6_ 出发；启程 play a trick on sb.make upbe/feel in the mood(for sth./to
15、 do sth.)set(a play,novel,ect.)inmake ones fortuneset off 1形容词短语作伴随状语 He left school early,and as an adolescent,_(下决心去发财)in South America,set off fromhis home in Hannibal,Missouri,for New Orleans.2不定式作结果状语 He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket_(结果却发现)that there were no boatsfor Sou
16、th America.determined to makeonly to findhis fortuneplay a trick on sb.捉弄某人；对某人恶作剧(教材 P24)He particularly enjoyed playing a trick on the threemen.他特别喜欢捉弄这三个人。On April Fools Day，you can play a trick on anyone,including your teacher.在愚人节那天，你可以捉弄任何人，包括你的老师。play jokes on sb.开某人的玩笑，捉弄某人 make fun of sb.嘲弄
17、某人，取笑某人 make a fool of sb.愚弄某人，嘲笑某人 laugh at sb.嘲笑某人 巧学活用单句语法填空(1)We must win the game,and not give others any chance tolaugh _ us.(2)Lenny refused to act as a beggar in the play because she wasafraid of _(make)fun of.atbeing mademake up 编造(说法、解释等)；虚构；组成，构成；化妆；弥补；和解(教材 P25)I decided to go to the nex
18、t village and make up a story about the steamboat.我决定到邻村去，编造关于汽艇的故事讲给人们听。We dont like him because he is always making up excuses whenever he makes mistakes.我们都不喜欢他是因为每次他犯了错误，总能编造出借口来。一词多义写出下列句中 make up 的含义(1)In some languages,100 words make up half of all wordsused in daily conversations._ (2)Mary a
19、nd Joan quarreled，but they made up after a while._ (3)She spent an hour making up before the party._ (4)You are responsible for the money and you will have to makeup the loss._组成，构成和好化妆弥补，补偿make up for 弥补；偿还 make use of利用 make it成功；赶上；做到 make out理解；弄清 make up ones mind(to do)下决心(做某事)巧学活用完成句子(1)我能听到有
20、声音，却听不清他们在说什么。I heard voices,but couldnt _(2)只要你下定决心好好利用时间学习，你就会成功。If you _ to _ yourtime to study,youll _(3)(大纲全国卷)卡洛琳没有音乐天赋，但她用努力学习弥补了她的不足。Caroline doesnt have a gift for music,but she _it with hard work.make out what they were sayingmake up your mindmake good use ofmake itmakes up fordisturb vt.打
21、扰，妨碍；使不安；弄乱，搞乱(教材 P25)“Who is it disturbing me at this time of night？”said the captain.船长问到：“是谁在夜间这个时候打扰我呀？”She opened the door quietly so as not to disturb the sleepingchild.她轻轻地开门，以免惊扰了睡着的孩子。(1)disturbed adj.心理不正常的；精神失常的(2)disturbing adj.令人不安的；使人震惊的 Its disturbing that.令人不安。disturb 指人心、睡眠、安静等被“打扰，
22、扰乱”；interrupt多指由于某种外界因素而停下来或中断。基础练习单句语法填空(1)The _ news _ the familys peacefullife and the family all felt _(disturb)(2)He purposely ignored her call because he just didnt feel like_(disturb)能力提升选词填空(disturb/interrupt)(3)Sorry to _ you so late,but my car broke downand I was wondering if I could use y
23、our phone.(4)Its not polite to _ a speaker with frequentquestions.disturbingdisturbeddisturbedbeing disturbeddisturbinterruptbe/feel in the mood(for sth./to do sth.)有意(做某事)；有(做某事的)心情(教材 P26)Which film doesnt Billy feel in the mood for?比利没心情看哪部电影？I dont want to talk about it now.I do not feel in the
24、mood.我现在不想谈论此事，没心情。be in no mood for(doing)sth./to do sth.没有心情做某事 be in a good/bad mood情绪好/不好 巧学活用单句语法填空/单句改错(1)Because of illness,Im not feeling in the mood _(take)part in the party.(2)Im very tired,and not in the mood _ telling jokes.(3)The beautiful sunny morning puts him on a good mood._to takef
25、oroninwarn v.警告；告诫(教材 P29)“Mark Twain”，which means“watermark two”，was a call used by sailors on the Mississippi to warn shipmatesthat they were coming into shallow water.“马克吐温”意思是“水深二英尺”，这是密西西比河上的水手们用来警告同船水手们他们正在进入浅水区的口号。(2015湖北卷)This meeting room is a non-smoking area.Iwould like to warn you in adv
26、ance that if you smoked here youwould be fined.这个会议室是“无烟区”。我想提前提醒你，如果你在这里吸烟，你就会被罚款。(1)warn sb.of sth.警告某人当心某事 warn sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事 warn sb.not to do sth.warn sb.against(doing)sth.警告某人不要做某事 warn sb.thatclause警告/提醒某人 (2)warningn.警告；警报 巧学活用单句语法填空/单句改错(1)Tom warned us _ the serious situation in Ira
27、q,and warned us not _(go)there to travel.(2)I gave him a _(warn)that it was not allowed tosmoke in public places.(3)(天津卷)My father warned me about going to the WestCoast because it was crowded with tourists._of/aboutto gowarningaboutagainstdetermined adj.坚决的；有决心的；意志坚定的 (教 材 P29)He left school early,
28、and as an adolescent,determined to make his fortune in South America,set off fromhis home in Hannibal,Missouri,for New Orleans.他很早就辍学了，当时还是一名青少年，就决心到南美洲去发财，他从家乡密苏里州的汉尼拔动身去了新奥尔良。(2017江苏卷)Determining where we are in relation to oursurroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.根据周围的环境辨别方位仍然是
29、我们生存的一项极其重要的技能。(2015福建卷)He was determined that none of his childrenwould be denied an education.他下定决心要他的每个孩子都接受教育。(1)be determined to do sth.决心做某事 be determined that.决定；坚信(2)determine v.决定 determine to do sth.决心做某事(3)determination n.坚定；决心 with determination坚决地 基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错(1)She determined _(work
30、)twice as hard as beforeto make up for the lost time.(2)He is a _ man and he believes _and effort can lead to success.(determine)(3)(湖 北 卷)It is your efforts,not your intelligence,thatdetermines your success._to workdetermineddeterminationdeterminesdetermine能力提升句式升级(4)(普 通 表 达)He left home without s
31、aying a word anddetermined never to come back before he could make a bigfortune.(高级表达)_,he left home without saying a word.(形容词短语作状语)Determined never to come back before he couldmake a big fortuneset off 动身，出发，启程；(可分开用)引爆(炸弹等)；燃放(烟火等)；引起(教材 P29)He left school early,and as an adolescent,determinedto
32、make his fortune in South America,set off from his home inHannibal,Missouri,for New Orleans.他很早就辍学了，当时还是一名青少年，就决心到南美洲去发财，他从家乡密苏里州的汉尼拔动身去了新奥尔良。一词多义写出下列句中 set off 的含义(1)He reminded me that it was time we should set off for therailway station._ (2)Do be careful with the fireworks;the slightest spark co
33、uldset them off._ (3)If uncontrolled,the shortage would set off a new rise in meatprices._出发使爆炸引起set out(to do sth.)出发；开始(做某事)set about(doing sth.)着手(做某事)set down写下，记下 set aside储存；留出；把放在一边 表示“动身，出发”的短语：set off/set out/leave for/makeones way/start off/get off 等。巧学活用完成句子(1)(福建卷)你最好每天抽出一些时间运动，以便能够保持精力充
34、沛。You had better _ every day for sports sothat you can keep yourself energetic.(2)(浙江卷)有这些你所收集的信息，你可以着手准备你的商业计划了。Armed with the information you have gathered,you can_ your business plan.set aside some timeset about preparing/set out to prepare force n力量，武力 vt.施暴；强迫；迫使；强夺(教材 P29)Forced to change his
35、plans,he worked for severalyears as a pilot on a steamboat,taking passengers up and downthe Mississippi，the great river which flows from the north ofthe US near the Canadian border，down to the Gulf of Mexico.迫不得已他只好改变了计划，在一艘汽船上当了好几年领航员，带着乘客往返于密西西比河，这条大河从加拿大边境附近的美国北部流向墨西哥湾。The force of the explosion
36、broke all the windows in thebuilding.爆炸的力量震碎了这座建筑里的所有窗户。(1)force sb.to do sth.force sb.into doing sth.强迫某人做某事(2)by force用暴力；强迫地 巧学活用单句语法填空/单句改错(1)Due to the heavy rain and flood,tens of thousands of peoplehave been forced _(leave)their homes.(2)He was often forced _ doing what I was unwillingto do m
37、yself.(3)We should solve problems by discussion,rather than withforce._to leaveintowithby(教材 P29)He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in hispocket only to find that there were no boats for South America.他身无分文地来到新奥尔良时，却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了。(1)without a penny in his pocket 是 without 的复合结构。“without(with
38、)宾语宾补”中的宾语补足语可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等。该复合结构在句中作定语或状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。(2)only to find that there were no boats for South America 是动词不定式作结果状语，表示出人意料的结果。不定式前常加 only或 never 等。(广东卷)He hurried to the station only to find that the trainhad left.他急忙去车站，却发现火车已经离开了。Without anyone noticing,he slip
39、ped through the window.无人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。(1)动词不定式作结果状语通常放在主句的后面。(2)v.ing 也可作结果状语，表示一个自然而然的，意料之中的结果。巧学活用单句语法填空/单句改错(1)(山东卷)George returned after the war,only _(tell)that his wife had left him.(2)(2016天津卷)The cooling wind swept through our bedroomwindows,_(make)air conditioning unnecessary.(3)Without anyone _(help),how can we go on?(4)The conference hurriedly finished without a single agreementreaching._to be toldmakingto helpreachingreached
