1、Section Starting out&Understanding ideas.核心单词1_ n.地标2_ adj.壮丽的3_ n.羚羊4_ n.空闲，闲暇5_ n.湿地6_ n.草原7_ adj.如镜面般的8_ v.徘徊9_ n.风景，景色10_ v&n.养育，培养landmarksplendidantelopeleisurewetlandgrasslandmirror-likewanderscenerynurture.拓展单词1_ adv.平稳地_ adj.平稳的，稳固的_ n.稳定，稳固2_ adj.巨大的，大规模的_ n.团，块，堆，许多，大量3_ adj.脆弱的_ adv.脆弱地4
2、_ n.辐射_ v.辐射，发散，传播5_ n.大自然_ adj.大自然的6_ vt.使坐落(于)_ n.位置steadilysteadysteadinessmassive massdelicatedelicatelyradiationradiatenature naturallocatelocation.重点短语1_ 使运转，启用2_ 对有深刻的印象3_ 世界屋脊4_ 引起某人注意5_ 空闲时6_ 坐落于7_ 确保8_ 保护免受9_ 伸出手去10_ 使更有生机，使活跃put.into operationbe impressed by/withroof of the worldcatch one
3、s eye at ones leisure be located at make sureprotect.from.reach outbring.to life.重点句型1Sitting back in my seat,I cant quite believe that _ travel along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was“impossible”坐在座位上，我不太敢相信自己将要沿着被许多外籍专家称为“不可能”的铁路旅行。2_ was among the top concerns.如何保护脆弱的生态系统是最重要的事情之一
4、。3_ we stayed healthy,several oxygen-making stations were constructed.为了确保我们保持健康，建造了几个制氧站。Im about toHow to protect the delicate ecosystemTo make sure根据课文内容选择正确答案1Why was the“Sky Railway”considered to be impossible?ABecause it was built in a place with too much radiation.BBecause it was extremely di
5、fficult to build this railway.CBecause too many bridges had to be built along the railway.DBecause it was not easy to protect the workers.B2What did the railway workers consider most?AHow to protect the ecosystem along the railway.BTheir own safety while building the railway.CThe great number of bri
6、dges along the railway.DGrasslands and wetlands along the railway.A3Whats the purpose of building Qingshuihe Bridge?ATo prevent trains from falling into the river.BTo protect wetlands and grasslands.CTo allow the animals to move safely and freely.DTo protect permafrost and grasslands.C4What can we k
7、now about Tanggula Station from this text?AIt is the biggest station of the whole railway.BAll the railway workers take their breaks here.CTravellers usually breathe in some oxygen here.DThere exists high levels of UV radiation.5What can we conclude from this text?DAMore and more visitors come to tr
8、avel along the“Sky Railway”BThe natural environment is well protected along the railway.CMore railways will be built in Tibet.DThe“Sky Railway”provides good chances to see wild animals.B第一版块|重点词汇诠释1operation n.U运转，运行，操作；C手术(1)put.into operation 实施，使运转，启用(2)in operation 工作中，使用中，有效(3)come into operati
9、on 开始工作，开始生效(4)do/perform an operation on sb.(for.)给某人动手术(以治疗)Its time to put our plan into operation.现在应该执行我们的计划了。The system has been in operation for six months.这个系统已经运行6个月了。The new rules come into operation from next week.新规定从下周起实施。Doctors performed an emergency operation on the man for cancer la
10、st night.医生昨天夜里给这个男人做了紧急癌症手术。即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作(1)After several _(operate),the teenager eventually recovered.(2)There are three lifts _ operation.(3)The new plant is scheduled to come _ operation in May this year.(4)这座桥已使用五十多年了。_operationsin intoThe bridge has been in operation for more than fifty yea
11、rs.联想拓展：(1)operate vi.运转，工作；经营，营业；动手术vt.操作，控制，使运行operate well/badly 运转得好/差operate on sb.(for.)给某人动手术(以治疗)(2)operator n.C 接线员；操作人员；经营者2.record n.C纪录，记载；唱片；(尤指体育运动中最高或最低的)纪录 vt.记录，记载(1)on record 有记录以来(2)play a record 播放唱片(3)set/break/hold a record(for.)刷新/破/保持(的)纪录Its the shortest election campaign on
12、 record.这是史上为期最短的一次竞选活动。This is one of my favourite records.这是我最喜欢的唱片之一。Many athletes set new records in the 2016 Rio Olympics.很多运动员在2016年里约奥运会上刷新了纪录。As long as he never gives up,he can possibly break the world record.他只要永不言弃，就可能打破世界纪录。Are you going to record tonights concert?今晚的音乐会你打算录下来吗？Listen to
13、 your teacher carefully and record the important parts.认真听老师讲课，并记录重要内容。即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子(1)Last year was the warmest year _ record,with global temperature 0.68 above the average.(2)他正在尽他的最大努力打破世界纪录。He is trying his best to _.(3)昨天她刷新了跳高的世界纪录。She _ for the high jump yesterday.onbreak the world record
14、set a new world record联想拓展：(1)recorder n.C 录音机，录像机。a tape/DVD recorder 磁带录音机/DVD录像机(2)recording n.U(正式的)记录，记载；录制；C 录制的音像，录音，录像3.concern vt.让(某人)担忧；涉及，影响，牵涉(某人)；与有关 n.C重要的事情；U，C担心，忧虑；U关爱，关心(1)concern oneself about/for.为担心be concerned about/for 担心/挂念(2)be concerned with.和有关，涉及(3)As far as.be concerned
15、 就而言；关于(4)concerning prep.涉及，关于Parents are all concerned about/for their children.父母都关心孩子。More people are concerned with the protection of endangered animals.更多的人关注濒危动物的保护工作。As far as Im concerned,riding bicycles is a good solution to air pollution.就我个人而言，骑自行车是一个解决空气污染的好办法。At that time,one of his co
16、ncerns was to go to college.那时他关注的事情之一就是上大学。There is growing concern about environmental protection.人们越来越关注环境保护。He was moved by her obvious concern.他被她明显的关心所感动。即学即练 单句语法填空(1)Nowadays people are more _(concern)about the environment where they live.(2)The meeting was concerned _ reforms.(3)_(concern)a
17、bout Lucy,the teacher called her mother to find out why she was so often absent from class.(4)As far as he is _(concern),it is impossible to betray his friends.concernedwithConcernedconcerned巧学助记：The mayor was very concerned about the workers safety.He showed much concern for those who worked underg
18、round and asked them some questions concerning safety.He asked the officials concerned to put safety at the first place.市长很关心工人的安全。他对那些在地面下工作的人非常关心，并且问了他们一些关于安全的问题。他要求相关的官员把安全放在第一位。4.speed vi.迅速前行；超速行驶 vt.加快，促进 n.C，U速度；U 快，迅速(1)speed(.)up 使()加速(2)at low/high/full/top speed 以低/高/全/最高速at a speed of.以的
19、速度pick up speed 加速Nancy,if you dont speed up,well be here until midnight.南希，如果你不加快速度，我们将会在这里一直待到半夜。The new system will speed up the registration process.新系统将加快注册过程。The train is travelling at a speed of forty miles an hour.火车正以每小时40英里的速度前行。He is driving at high speed.他正高速行驶。即学即练 完成句子(1)那辆小汽车以每小时100千米
20、的速度行驶。The car ran _ 100 kilometres per hour.(2)急刹车会是非常吓人的经历，特别是你正在高速行进的时候。A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience,especially if you are travelling _.(3)我们如果想及时到达那里，最好加快速度。Wed better _ if we want to get there in time.at a speed ofat high speedspeed up巧学助记：He is a good driver.Most of the ti
21、me,he drives his car at a speed of 40 kilometres per hour.But yesterday there was a seriously injured person in his car,so he gradually speeded up but within the speed limit.Eventually,he took the injured person to the hospital safely and timely.他是一位好司机。大部分时间，他以每小时40千米的速度开车行驶。但是昨天他的车上有一个受伤严重的人，因此他逐渐
22、加快速度，但在速度限制范围内。最终，他安全及时地把受伤的人送到了医院。5.damage n.U(有形的)损坏，破坏，损失；损害，伤害；损害赔偿金(常用复数)vt.损害，毁坏，破坏do/cause damage to.对造成损害/破坏The problem is clear that man has done great damage to the environment over the years.问题显而易见，多年来人类已经严重破坏了环境。The death of a parent can cause long-lasting psychological damage.父亲或母亲的去世会造
23、成持久的心理伤害。Dont damage your health for a good figure.不要为了好身材而损害你的健康。The earthquake damaged some buildings.地震使一些建筑物受到了破坏。He was ordered to pay damages totalling$30,000.他被责令支付总额为3万美元的损害赔偿金。即学即练 完成句子(1)Too much drinking will _(损害你的健康);you should take the doctors advice.(2)The crowds might _(破坏这个地方的美)do/c
24、ause damage to your health/damage your healthdamage the beauty of the place易混辨析：damage/destroy/ruin/harm易混词区别例句 damage多指对无生命物体的损害，造成价值降低、功能破坏等后果，含仍可能修复的意味。My car was damaged by scratches.我的汽车被划痕毁坏了。destroy多指彻底的、毁灭性的破坏，含不能或很难修复的意味。The big fire destroyed the whole building.大火烧毁了整栋大楼。ruin多指出于外部原因而受到严重破
25、坏以致不能修复，且这种破坏会使事物失去价值或用处。也可用于引申意义，表示希望、愿望的破灭。She poured water all over my painting,ruining it.她把水全倒在了我的画上，把画毁了。harm主要指对有生命的事物的损害，也可指伤及一个人的健康、事业等。Dont harm your eyes by reading in a poor light.不要在昏暗的光线下看书，以免伤害眼睛。6.length n.U，C 长，长度；(持续)时间的长短(1)in length 在长度上(2)at length 详尽地；最后(3)lengthen vt.(使)变长The
26、river in my hometown is 300 metres in length.我家乡的那条河长300米。At length,we began to understand what he wanted.最后，我们开始明白他想要什么了。We have already discussed the matter at great length.我们已经十分详尽地讨论了这个问题。I need to lengthen this skirt.我需要把裙子放长。即学即练 单句语法填空(1)The room he has just rent is about 9 metres _ length an
27、d 3 metres in _(wide)(2)The two foreign ministers discussed the situation in this area _ great length.(3)The Great Wall can be called“great”mostly because of its amazing _(long)in widthat length名师点津：与“longlengthlengthen”变形相似的词还有：adj.n.v.broadbroadthbroadendeepdepthdeepenhighheightheightenstrongstren
28、gthstrengthenwidewidthwiden7.challenge vt.向挑战 n.挑战(1)challenge sb.向某人挑战(2)Its a challenge for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做是一个挑战(3)face/respond to the challenge 面对/回应挑战(4)accept/take up the challenge 接受挑战(5)challenging adj.有挑战性的(6)challenged adj.受到挑战的I kept practising until I became confident enough to challe
29、nge the good players.我一直不断练习，直到我有足够的信心向优秀选手挑战。Its a challenge for us to finish the task in advance.对我们来说，提前完成这项任务是一个挑战。Its a challenging role for an inexperienced actor.对一个没有经验的演员来说，这是一个有挑战性的角色。Im financially challenged at the moment.我目前身无分文。即学即练 单句语法填空(1)The environmental _(challenge)are significan
30、t but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off.(2)I quickly lower myself,ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel _(challenge)(3)TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of childrens publishing,bringing a unique combination of _
31、(challenge)ideas and good fun to young fans every month.challengeschallengedchallenging巧学助记：Fighting against the COUID-19(新冠肺炎)is a challenging job.All the doctors and nurses face the challenge bravely though they are physically and mentally challenged.抵抗新冠肺炎是一项具有挑战性的工作。但是所有的医护人员都勇敢地面对挑战，尽管他们身体上和心理上
32、都受到了很大的挑战。8.make sure意为“确保，设法保证；查明，核实，弄清(某事属实或已做)”。(1)make sure(that).确保；核实/弄清(2)make sure of 查明，弄清楚；确保，设法保证I think that I have turned off the light,but I will go and make sure.我想我已经把灯关了，但我会去确认一下。They scored another goal and made sure of victory.他们又进了一个球，这就赢定了。Please make sure that the door is locke
33、d before you leave.请确保在你离开之前门是锁着的。即学即练 单句写作(1)在国外，你要确保一直带着你的护照。_(2)我建议早点去音乐会，以确保有个好座位。_Make sure(that)you have your passport with you all the time in a foreign country.I suggest going to the concert early to make sure of a good seat.巧学助记：In the years of my growing up,Dad was strict with me.He made s
34、ure I made my bed and did my homework.在我成长的这些年里，爸爸对我很严格。他确保我铺了床，做了家庭作业。9.reach out意为“伸出(手)”，可作及物动词短语，也可作不及物动词短语，常与介词for连用。(1)reach out 伸出手(2)reach out for.伸手去拿(3)reach out to sb.向某人寻求帮助He reached out his hand to touch the baby.他伸出手去触摸婴儿。The child reached out and picked up the kitten.那个孩子伸出手抱起那只小猫。He
35、 reached out for the bottle of water,but it was too far away.他伸手去拿那瓶水，但是它离得太远了。When you need help,reach out to the people who care about you.当你需要帮助时，向那些关心你的人寻求帮助。即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子(1)He reached out his hand _ the money.(2)我梦到了已经去世的外婆。她很真实，离我很近，我觉得伸手能触摸到她。I dreamed of my grandmother who had passed away
36、.She was so real and so close to me that I felt I could _ and touch her.forreach out联想拓展：reach构成的其他短语：within(easy)reach(of.)(很)接近()，(很)靠近()within sb.s reach/within the reach of sb.在某人触手可及的地方，在某人力所能及的范围之内out of sb.s reach/out of the reach of sb.在某人手够不到的地方beyond sb.s reach/beyond the reach of sb.在某人手够
37、不到的地方；超出(某人)的理解范围第二版块|重点句型解构(教材P62)Sitting back in my seat,I cant quite believe that Im about to travel along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was“impossible”坐在座位上，我不太敢相信自己将要沿着被许多外籍专家称为“不可能”的铁路旅行。(1)be about to do sth.表示“将要做某事”，一般不与表示将来的具体的时间状语连用。它常与并列连词when构成“be about to do sth.when.”句
38、型，表示“正要做某事，这时(突然)”。We are about to start off.我们就要出发了。He was just about to stand up when the teacher came in.他刚要站起来，这时老师进来了。(2)将来时的其他表达法：will/shalldo：一般将来时最基本的表达方法，表示即将发生的动作，也可表示临时决定做某事。be going to do：表示打算、计划要做某事或有迹象表明要发生的动作。be to do：表示预先安排好的计划或约定，也可表示注定要发生的事。bev.-ing：表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，有此用法的动词多为go,come
39、,leave等趋向性动词。一般现在时：表示按规定、时间表、日程安排要发生的动作，句中常常有时间状语，但只限于少数动词，如begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,return等。Will you be at home at seven this evening？今晚七点你在家吗？What are you going to do tomorrow？明天你打算做什么？We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下周六要讨论这份报告。Im leaving for Beijing tomorrow.我明天要动身去北京了。The tr
40、ain leaves at six tomorrow morning.火车明天早上六点发车。即学即练 单句语法填空(1)We were about to climb up the mountain _ it began to rain heavily.(2)The movie _(start)at 8：30,and we can have a quick bite before we go.Sounds great.See you at 8：10.(3)As I was about _(give)up hope,a man driving an old dirty car came to my
41、 aid.whenstartsto give联想拓展：be about to do sth.when.正要去做某事，这个时候be doing sth.when.正在做某事，这个时候had(just)done sth.when.刚刚做完了某事，这个时候I was about to leave when the telephone rang.我正要走这时电话铃响了。I was doing my homework when there was a knock on the door.我正在做作业这时有人敲门。I had just arrived at home when it began to ra
42、in.我刚到家天就开始下雨。.单词拼写1The explosion made a _(巨大的)hole on the ground.2The eye is one of the most _(脆弱的)organs of the body.3I was impressed with the _(壮丽的)view while visiting the Forbidden City.4You can relax yourself in your _(空闲)time.5The Birds Nest in Beijing is a famous _(地标)of our capital.massivede
43、licate splendidleisurelandmark6There is no _(风景)comparable to that of the West Lake.7All mobile phones give off a small amount of _(辐射)when in use.8She _(徘徊)aimlessly around the streets yesterday.sceneryradiationwandered.单句语法填空1The companys export has been increasing _(steady)2The words seem _(parti
44、cular)vivid as I travel across“the roof of the world”3The audience was _(impress)by the artists excellent performance.4_(prevent)the damage to the environment,a series of measures have been taken recently.5As we all know,it will still be some years before all the metro lines in Suzhou put _ operatio
45、n.steadilyparticularlyimpressedTo prevent into6This kind of plants is so common that we can find them in many _(locate)of our province.7The tongue of this animal can be extended more than twice the _(long)of its body.8People nowadays are very _ about the problems _ with environmental pollution.(conc
46、ern)9The storm left,causing a lot of damage _ this area.10When the headmaster praised me at the meeting,I felt a sense of _(achieve)locationslengthconcerned concernedtoachievement.完成句子1我正要关电脑，这时收到了一封电子邮件。I _ the computer when I received an email.2自大学毕业以来，我一直在这家公司工作。I _ in this company since I gradua
47、ted from university.3今天下午发表的演讲将会聚焦如何有效率地学习英语。The speech delivered this afternoon will focus on _ English efficiently.4在你空闲的时候，请看一下这些文件。Please look through the papers _.5他全速行驶，早到了半个小时。He _ and arrived half an hour early.(speed)was about to turn offhave been workinghow to learnat your leisuredrove at
48、full speed.课文语法填空1_(sit)back in my seat,I cant believe that Im about to travel along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was“impossible”.The train has been racing along 2._(steady)since it left Xining.I was one of the people 3._ came from all parts of China to work on this railway.Taking y
49、ears to complete,the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome 4._ most difficult challenges.How 5._(protect)the ecosystem was among the top concerns.The first landmark 6._(catch)my eye is the Qingshuihe Bridge,the worlds longest bridge built over permafrost.To prevent dama
50、ge to wetlands and grasslands,675 bridges 7._(build)between Golmud and Lhasa.Sittingsteadilywho/thattheto protectto catchwere builtTanggula Station,8._(locate)at over 5,000 metres above sea level,is the highest railway station in the world.To make sure we stayed healthy,several oxygen-making stations were constructed.Passing Cuona Lake,I feel a sense of pride and 9._(achieve).Along the lake we built a twenty-kilometre wall to protect the lake 10._ construction waste.Im proud that we built our“impossible”railway.It truly is an extraordinary“Sky Railway”locatedachievementfrom
