1、2014高考英语阅读理解二轮限时训练精品题（6）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Linda Evans was my best friend like the sister I never had. We did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw ea
2、ch other on special times like my wedding and Lindas. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back，stamped “Address Unknown”. I had no idea about how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share ha
3、ppiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day, I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Lin
4、da and whose last name was Wagman Lindas married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans.” I thought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!” she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.”Minutes later I heard a voice that I recognized at once, even
5、after 40 years. We laughed and cried and caught up on each others lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And theres one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We wont lose each other again!26. The writer went to piano lessons with Linda Evans _.A. at the age of 13 B. before she got married
6、C. after they moved to new homes D. before the writers family moved away【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据开始的时候作者与Linda总是一起去上钢琴课、看电影、游泳、骑马等，但后来在作者13岁的时候，作者一家搬走了，两人只能通过书信联系。故选D。27. They didnt often write to each other because they _.A. got married B. had little time to do soC. didnt like writing letters D. could see
7、 each other on special time【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第2段中的Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often根据文可知，她们之所以没经常写信，是因为她们要忙于照顾孩子，又要搬新家，也就是说，她们没有时间写信。28. There was an empty place in the writers heart because she _.A. was in troubleB. didnt know Lindas addressC. receive
8、d the card that she sentD. didnt have a friend like Linda to share her happiness and sadness【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died.作者没有像琳达这样的朋友来分享她的快乐和悲伤，故选D。29. The writer was happy wh
9、en she _.A. read the newspaperB. heard Lindas voice on the phoneC. met a young woman who looked a lot like LindaD. wrote to the woman whose last name was Wagman【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。真正让作者感到高兴的是当她在电话上听到老朋友Linda的声音的时候。而读到报纸的时候和写信的时候都还只是在猜测，那时还谈不上高兴。故选B。30. They havent kept in touch _.A. for about 40 years B.
10、 for about 27 yearsC. since they got married D. since the writers family moved away【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years可知她们40年没有联系了，故选A。阅读理解课堂练学案（13）Passage Twelve (Religion and Rationality) Yet the difference in tome and language must str
11、ike us, so soon as it is philosophy that speaks: that change should remind us that even if the function of religion and that of reason coincide, this function is performed in the two cases by very different organs. Religions are many, reason one. Religion consists of conscious ideas, hopes, enthusia
12、sms, and objects of worship; it operates by grace and flourishes by prayer. Reason, on the other hand, is a mere principle or potential order, on which indeed we may come to reflect but which exists in us ideally only, without variation or stress of any kind. We conform or do not conform to it; it d
13、oes not urge or chide us, not call for any emotions on our part other than those naturally aroused by the various objects which it unfolds in their true nature and proportion. Religion brings some order into life by weighting it with new materials. Reason adds to the natural materials only the perfe
14、ct order which it introduces into them. Rationality is nothing but a form, an ideal constitution which experience may more or less embody. Religion is a part of experience itself, a mass of sentiments and ideas. The one is an inviolate principle, the other a changing and struggling force. And yet th
15、is struggling and changing force of religion seems to direct man toward something eternal. It seems to make for an ultimate harmony within the soul and for an ultimate harmony between the soul and all that the soul depends upon. Religion, in its intent, is a more conscious and direct pursuit of the
16、Life of Reason than is society, science, or art, for these approach and fill out the ideal life tentatively and piecemeal, hardly regarding the foal or caring for the ultimate justification of the instinctive aims. Religion also has an instinctive and blind side and bubbles up in all manner of chanc
17、e practices and intuitions; soon, however, it feels its way toward the heart of things, and from whatever quarter it may come, veers in the direction of the ultimate. Nevertheless, we must confess that this religious pursuit of the Life of Reason has been singularly abortive. Those within the pale o
18、f each religion may prevail upon themselves, to express satisfaction with its results, thanks to a fond partiality in reading the past and generous draughts of hope for the future; but any one regarding the various religions at once and comparing their achievements with what reason requires, must fe
19、el how terrible is the disappointment which they have one and all prepared for mankind. Their chief anxiety has been to offer imaginary remedies for mortal ills, some of which are incurable essentially, while others might have been really cured by well-directed effort. The Greed oracles, for instanc
20、e, pretended to heal out natural ignorance, which has its appropriate though difficult cure, while the Christian vision of heaven pretended to be an antidote to our natural deaththe inevitable correlate of birth and of a changing and conditioned existence. By methods of this sort little can be done
21、for the real betterment of life. To confuse intelligence and dislocate sentiment by gratuitous fictions is a short-sighted way of pursuing happiness. Nature is soon avenged. An unhealthy exaltation and a one-sided morality have to be followed by regrettable reactions. When these come. The real rewar
22、ds of life may seem vain to a relaxed vitality, and the very name of virtue may irritate young spirits untrained in and natural excellence. Thus religion too often debauches the morality it comes to sanction and impedes the science it ought to fulfill. What is the secret of this ineptitude? Why does
23、 religion, so near to rationality in its purpose, fall so short of it in its results? The answer is easy; religion pursues rationality through the imagination. When it explains events or assigns causes, it is an imaginative substitute for science. When it gives precepts, insinuates ideals, or remoul
24、ds aspiration, it is an imaginative substitute for wisdomI mean for the deliberate and impartial pursuit of all food. The condition and the aims of life are both represented in religion poetically, but this poetry tends to arrogate to itself literal truth and moral authority, neither of which it pos
25、sesses. Hence the depth and importance of religion becomes intelligible no less than its contradictions and practical disasters. Its object is the same as that of reason, but its method is to proceed by intuition and by unchecked poetical conceits.1. As used in the passage, the author would define “
26、wisdom” asA. the pursuit of rationality through imagination. an unemotional search for the truth.C. a purposeful and unbiased quest for what is best.D. a short-sighted way of pursuing happiness2. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A. Religion seeks the truth through imagination, reason, i
27、n its search, utilizes the emotions. Religion has proved an ineffective tool in solving mans problems.C. Science seeks a piece meal solution to mans questions.D. The functions of philosophy and reason are the same.3. According to the author, science differs from religion in thatA. it is unaware of u
28、ltimate goals. . it is unimaginative.C. its findings are exact and final. D. it resembles society and art.4. The author states that religion differs from rationality in that A. it relies on intuition rather than reasoning . it is not concerned with the ultimate justification of its instinctive aims.
29、C. it has disappointed mankind.D. it has inspired mankind.5. According to the author, the pursuit of religion has proved to beA. imaginative. . a provider of hope for the future.C. a highly intellectual activity D. ineffectual.Vocabulary1. grace 恩赐，仁慈，感化，感思祷告2. chide 责备3. sentiment 情感4. inviolate 不受
30、侵犯的，纯洁的5. intent 意义，含义6. piecemeal 一件件，逐渐的，零碎的7. bubble up 起泡，沸腾，兴奋8. veer 改变方向，转向9. abortive 夭折的，失败的，中断的，流产的。10. pale 范围，界限11. draught 要求12. oracle 神谕宣誓，预言，圣言13. antidote 解毒药，矫正方法14. correlate 相互关系15. dislocate 使离开原来位置，打乱正常秩序16. gratuitous 无偿的，没有理由的。17. debauch 使失落，放荡18. sanction 支持，鼓励，认可19. impede
31、 妨碍，制止20. ineptitude 不恰当，无能，愚蠢21. insinuate 暗示22. remould 重塑，重铸23. aspiration 抱负，壮志24. arrogate 没来由反把归于（to ）25. literal 朴实的，字面的26. intelligible 可以理解的。27. conceit 幻想，奇想难句译注1. Yet the difference in tome and language must strike us, so soon as it is philosophy that speaks: that change should remind us
32、that even if the function of religion and that of reason coincide, this function is performed in the two cases by very different organs.参考译文 可是音调和语言的差异必然很快的给我们深刻的印象，就象哲学所说的那样：那种差异应提乡我们，即使宗教的功能和理性的功能恰好相符的话，其功能也是通过不同的器官在两种不同的情况下完成的。2. Reason, on the other hand, is a mere principle or potential order,
33、on which indeed we may come to reflect but which exists in us ideally only, without variation or stress of any kind.参考译文 另一方面，理性知识一种原则或者是潜在的秩序，我们确实可以在此基础上存在于我们心中，没有种种变化，或任何压力。3. We conform or do not conform to it; it does not urge or chide us, not call for any emotions on our part other than those n
34、aturally aroused by the various objects which it unfolds in their true nature and proportion.参考译文 不论我们是否遵循理性，它不会极力或责备我们，除了以事物的本来面目和比例揭示各种事物而自然而然的激起我们的感情，它并不需要我们付出任何感情。4. Religion, in its intent, is a more conscious and direct pursuit of the Life of Reason than is society, science, or art, for these
35、approach and fill out the ideal life tentatively and piecemeal, hardly regarding the foal or caring for the ultimate justification of the instinctive aims.参考译文 宗教在其意义上，比社会，科学，艺术更自觉，更直接的追求“理性生活”，因为这些东西（社会，科学，艺术）暂时而又零星的接近和填补理想的生活，无视目的，也不管其本能的目标是否最终证明正确。5. one and all 各个都，全部6. Those within the pale of
36、each religion may prevail upon themselves, to express satisfaction with its results, thanks to a fond partiality in reading the past and generous draughts of hope for the future; but any one regarding the various religions at once and comparing their achievements with what reason requires, must feel
37、 how terrible is the disappointment which they have one and all prepared for mankind.参考译文 处于宗教领域范围之内的人民也许会说服自己对其结果表示满意，这要感谢他们在结实过去和对未来希望宽宏要切上的一种偏爱。可是任何迅速关注宗教的人，把其成就和理性所要求的一切做一比较，必然感到这种种宗教为全人类作好的失望是实在太可怕了。7. To confuse intelligence and dislocate sentiment by gratuitous fictions is a short-sighted way
38、 of pursuing happiness.参考译文 以无理的幻想混淆智力，弄乱正常的情感是一种短视的追求幸福的方法。8. Thus religion too often debauches the morality it comes to sanction and impedes the science it ought to fulfill.参考译文 因此，宗教常常会使它要支持的道德堕落沦丧，并妨碍它应该执行的科学任务。9. The condition and the aims of life are both represented in religion poetically, bu
39、t this poetry tends to arrogate to itself literal truth and moral authority, neither of which it possesses.参考译文 生活的目标和条件在宗教中诗一般的呈现，但这种诗意往往把宗教所并不具有的朴实真理和道德威力没有来由的归于宗教。写作方法与文章大意这是一篇用对比手法写出宗教和理性之差异并着重描述宗教的文章。有各种中焦，理性只有一个，纵然两者在功能和目的上有不相同之处，但由于宗教以直觉，想象力，情感为主，无视目的，虽比科学，社会或艺术更自觉，更直接追求理性生活，结果却是失败和失望，而理性则相反。
40、答案祥解1. C. 一种有目的而又不带偏见对最佳事物的探索。答案在最后一段，这种愚蠢的秘密是什么？为什么宗教在目的上那么接近真理，在其结构和结果上，却没有理性的一切？答案很简单：宗教是通过想象来追逐理性，当它解释事件或阐明原因时，以虚构的想象来取代科学，当它训诫，暗示理想或者重塑抱负时，以想象代替智慧智慧的意思是指有意识而又公正的追求一切好东西。A. 通过想象力追求理性。 B. 不带感情的探询真理。 C. 追求幸福的短视的方法。2. A. 宗教通过想象力寻求真理，而理性的探索却运用感情。见难句译注3，理性（智）是非感情的。B. 在解决人类问题上的宗教是一种无效的工具。 C. 科学寻求逐步解决对
41、人类的问题。 D. 哲学和理性的功能是一样的。3. A. 宗教没有意识（不知道）其最终目的的。见难句译注4，说明宗教不管（几乎不关注）其目的，或不关心其本能的目标最终真确与否。B. 宗教没有想象力。 C. 其成果是确切的，最终的。 D. 宗教很象科学和艺术。4. D. 它激起人类情感。第一段中说“宗教的挣扎与不断变化的力量似乎促使人追求某种永恒的东西，它似乎追求灵魂的最终和谐以及灵魂与灵魂所依赖的一起事物之间的永恒的和谐。”A. 宗教依赖于直觉而不是推理。第一段最后一句：宗教也有本能和盲目的一面，在各种各样的偶然实践和直觉中沸腾。可不久它又向事物内心摸索前进，然而不论从哪个方向来，都转想最终方
42、向（最终多转想这个方向直觉），文章的最后一句：宗教的目的和理想的目的一样，而其实现目的方法是通过直觉和无限止的诗一般的幻想来进行的。 B. 它不关心其本能的目标最终是否真确。 C. 它使人类很失望。5. D. 无效。第二段开始就点出：我们得承认宗教追求理性生活一直是很失败（流产了）。A. 有想象力的。 B. 为未来提供希望的。 C. 是一个高度的智力活动。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Each new school year brings fresh reminders of what educators call the summer l
43、earning gap. Some call it the summer learning setback. Simply speaking, it means the longer kids are out of school, the more they forget. The only thing they might gain is weight. Most American schools follow a traditional nine-month calendar. Students get winter and spring breaks and about ten week
44、s of summer vacation. Some schools follow a year-round calendar. They hold classes for about eight weeks at a time, with a few weeks off in between. The National Association for Year-Round Education says there were fewer than three thousand such schools at last count. They were spread among forty-si
45、x of the fifty states.But many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same as in a traditional school. Lead researcher Paul von Hippel said, “Year-round schools dont really solve the problem of the summer learning setback. They simply spread it out ac
46、ross the year.”Across the country, research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students. Experts say this can be prevented. They note that many schools and local governments offer programs that can help.But calling them “summer school” could be a pr
47、oblem. The director of the summer learning center at Johns Hopkins, Ron Fairchild, said research with groups of different parents in Chicago and Baltimore found that almost all strongly disliked the term “summer school”. In American culture, the idea of summer vacation is connected to beliefs about
48、freedom and the joys of childhood. The parents welcomed other terms like “summer camp”, “enrichment”, “extra time” and “hands-on learning”.31. According to the first paragraph the summer learning gap .A. helps children to gain weightB. leads children to work harderC. improves childrens memoriesD. af
49、fects childrens regular studies【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据Simply speaking, it means the longer kids are out of school, the more they forget.暑假影响了学生的正常的学习，故选D。32. Compared to traditional schools, students in the year-round ones .A. perform better and have more learning gainsB. have much less time for relaxati
50、on every yearC. have generally the same number of class daysD. hold more classes with more free weeks off【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据But many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same as in a traditional school.全年的学校与一般的学校都有相同的天数的授课时间，故选C。33. Which of the foll
51、owing statements is true?A. Students from poor families often fall behind after the vacation.B. Year-round schools can solve the problem of the learning gap.C. There are schools in each state following a year-round calendar.D. Nothing can help the students who fall behind after the vocation.【答案】A【解析
52、】细节理解题。根据Across the country, research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students.来自贫困家庭通常在假期过后学习要落后其他孩子，故选A。34. Why did almost all parents dislike the term “summer school”?A. They cherish the childrens rights of freedom very much.B. They are worrie
53、d about the quality of the “summer school”.C. They want their children to be forced to make up the gap.D. They cant afford to the further study during vacation.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据research with groups of different parents in Chicago and Baltimore found that almost all strongly disliked the term “summer
54、 school”. In American culture, the idea of summer vacation is connected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood.父母认为这样剥夺孩子的自由的权利，故选A。35. What would be the best title of this passage?A. Opening Summer CampsB. Forbidding Summer SchoolsC. Spreading Year-Round EducationD. Minding the Summer Learning Gap【答案】D【解析】标题归纳题。根据Each new school year brings fresh reminders of what educators call the summer learning gap.及短文的内容可知注意暑假假期学习的退步，故选D。
