1、Module7 Unit 4 Public transportation一课前背诵下列重点词汇和句型（一）重点词汇外围的；外表的adj. outer 运送；表达 v. convey 经由；通过prep. via 间隔，间隙 n. interval 延迟，延期v. postpone 部分；部门n.section 所有权，产权n. ownership 部长；牧师 minister 周年纪念日n. anniversary 每年的 adj. annual 离开；违反n. departure 准时的 adj. punctual 行人，步行者n. pedestrian 违反；侵犯 v. violate 好
2、斗的 adj. aggressive 撞车；倒闭v. crash 扩大，增大v. enlarge 接待员 n. receptionist 哽咽；堵塞v. choke 路线n. route 权力；官方n. authority 喝醉的；醉鬼n. drunk 建筑师 n. architect 少量的人或物 adj.&n. handful词性(词形)变化unfortunately adv. 不幸地，遗憾地 unfortunate adj. 不幸的 fortunate 幸运的 fortunately 幸运地 fortune n. 运气；幸运unbelievable adj. 无法相信的 unbeliev
3、ing 多疑的，不信的 believable adj. 可信任的undertake v. 承担，从事；承诺 undertook 过去式 undertaken 过去分词split v. 分割；撕开 split 过去式 split 过去分词reservation n. 预订，预约；保留意见 reserve vt. 保留；预约arise vi. 出现，产生 arose 过去式 arisen 过去分词 （二）重点短语drop off 中途下客或卸货 speed up(使)加速traffic jam堵车，交通堵塞 arise from起因于，由引起link up联合，连接 split up分组，分解，分
4、离at()intervals每隔距离或时间 risk ones own life 冒着生命的危险 put through给某人接通电话；使经历violate the law 违法 decide on/upon决定，选定turn up出现，到来；调高（音量等）pull through 穿过，渡过(难关) fill in填写（表格）；消磨（时间）be aimed at 旨在 a handful of少数的，少量的 in particular 特别地 in honour of 为了纪念 under repair 需要修理 正在修理，修理中 put off推迟，拖延；使反感 in connection
5、 with和有关二课中重点知识复习(一)、重点词汇1.【原句再现】Horse-drawn buses, trams, cabs and carriages were used to convey people to and around the city centre. (P50)马拉车、有轨电车、计程车和非机动车被用来将人们送往市中心及其周围一带。 【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成英语句子Our facial expressions convey our emotions, such as anger, or joy, or disappointment我们的面部表情 ，如愤怒、喜悦或失望。Wo
6、rds cant convey how delighted I am!话语 我是多么高兴！Would you please convey my good wishes to your mother?请向你母亲 ，好吗？This train conveys both passengers and goods. 这列火车 。A taxi conveyed us to the railway station. 一辆出租车 。Air is the medium by which sound waves are conveyed.空气是声波 。 【师生共同总结】convey ones feelings表
7、达感情 convey ones emotions 传达情感convey news/information to sb. 把消息/信息传给某人 convey meanings传达意思convey sb.sth./convey sth.to sb. 向某人传达某事 conveys passengers /goods载客/运货【即时巩固】单项选择题I was so excited at the news that I could hardly _ my feelings in words.A. carryB. conveyC. survey D. communicateWhat is it that
8、 the author wants to _to his readers through the story?A. send B. conveyC. take D. talk2.【原句再现】However, new trains had to be developed and the plan required raising a large amount of money, so the digging was postponed until 1860.(P50)但是，新式列车得加以研发，并且这个计划需要筹集大量的资金，所以地下隧道的挖凿被推迟到1860年。 【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成英语
9、句子I got everything ready yesterday，but only to learn that the summer camp was postponed.昨天我做好了一切准备，却没想到 。They postponed making a decision and we just had to wait.他们 ，那我们就只能等了。The sports meeting will be postponed to the following Saturday because of the rain.由于下雨，运动会 。 【师生共同总结】postpone (doing) sth. 推
10、迟(做)某事 postpone sth.to/until . 把推迟到delay, postpone, put off三者均可表示将某事推迟到原订时间之后的某一时间进行，其后可接名词或动名词(但一般不接不定式)。为了表明推迟到何时，可用介词 to, till, until 等。They delayed postponed, put off leaving. 他们推迟动身。He decided to delay/postpone/put off his holiday to/till/until next month.他决定把假期推迟到下个月。几点区别delay 除表示推迟日期外，还可表示暂时阻
11、挠或阻挡，因此有“耽搁”、“拖延”等意。如：The heavy rain delayed my journey. 大雨耽搁了我的行程。postpone 和 put off 主要用于延期，两者常可换用，只是后者较通俗和口语化；但是 put off 有时以人作宾语，表示借辞推脱或搪塞某人、推迟或取消与某人的约会、使某人不高兴或反感、打扰某人、让某人下车等，此时不宜用 postpone。He tried to put me off with more promises. 他想用更多的诺言来敷衍我。Weve invited friends to dinner and its too late to p
12、ut them off now. 我们已邀请朋友来吃饭，现在取消来不及了。Dont be put off by the titleits a really good book. 别介意这书名不好，它真是本好书。Dont put me off when Im trying to concentrate.我正要集中注意力呢，别打扰我。注：delay 也可以人作宾语，但强调的是耽搁某人的时间 I was delayed by the traffic. 因交通堵塞，我迟到了。delay 除用作动词外，还用作名词，其余两者不用作名词。如：We must leave without delay. 我们必须
13、马上离开。That is the reason of my delay in answering your letter. 这就是我迟迟不给你复信的缘故。注：名词 delay 后可接 in doing sth，但不接 of doing sth 或不定式。【即时巩固】单项选择题It was an unpopular decision to _ the new hospital.A. postpone to build B. postpone buildingC. put off to build D. decide buildingAfter the earthquake, to make su
14、re that rescue work could be carried out as smoothly as possible, the premier his visit to that country.A. put away B. put off C. put up D. put downWhy were you late for such an important concert?The plane arrived at the airport after a _of three hours.A. delay B. restC. tour D. request3.【原句再现】Havin
15、g seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook improving the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of the many different lines and setting up the Underground Electric Railways Company of London. (P51)看到这种情况，一名叫查尔斯耶基斯的美国富商于1902年承担起了改善地铁系统的工程，他买下了许多不同的地铁线，创立了伦敦电力地铁公司。
16、【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成英语句子The company has announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the accident.公司已经宣布将这次事故 。She undertook responsibility for the changes.她 做出这些改变的责任。He undertook(=promised) to finish the job by Friday.他 这一工作。 【师生共同总结】undertake a task承担任务 undertake an attack发动进攻undertake to
17、 do sth. 答应、同意做某事 undertake that . 承诺undertook the responsibility of doing sth. 承担做某事的责任【即时巩固】单项选择题John, would you lend me some money?Unless you _ to pay the money back within six months.A. understand B. undertake C. underplay D. underline_ the situation, Charles Yerkes undertook _ the system in 190
18、2 by obtaining ownership of many different lines.A. Seeing, improving B. Seen , improvedC. To see, to improve D. Having seen, to improve4.【原句再现】After World War ended in 1945，more people travelled on the underground, so the system was enlarged and more lines were added including the Victoria Line，whi
19、ch was linked with other lines at almost every station.(P51)1945年第二次世界大战结束后，更多的人乘坐地铁，于是又增建了更多的地铁线路，其中包括维多利亚线，它所有的站几乎都和其他线相连。 【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成英语句子You must do more reading as it will enlarge your vocabulary.你必须多读，因为阅读 。I asked the photographer to enlarge the picture.我请摄影师 。He refused to enlarge on his r
20、easons for leaving his job.他拒绝 他辞职的原因。 【师生共同总结】enlarge ones horizon扩大视野 扩大词汇量enlarge ones vocabulary放大照片enlarge the photograph/picture 详述enlarge on注意：enlarge是由前缀en (使)和形容词large构成的动词。英语中常见的以en为前缀的动词有：enable使能够，enrich使丰富， endanger使遭遇危险， ensure保证，确保， encourage使有勇气，鼓励。参看模块六Unit 4考点-6.expand 【即时巩固】单项选择题W
21、ell go through the test of vocabulary while studying English. Try to yours by reading.A. expandB. enlargeC. extendD. increaseYou will _ your health if you work so hard, eat a little food and sleep badly. A. fail B. improve C. help D. endangerOver the years the European Union has made great efforts t
22、o _ the safety of food and protect the health of its people.A. discover B. ensure C. revise D. react5.【原句再现】We could split up into groups, and come at different times.(P57)我们可以分成小组，在不同的时间来参观。 【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成英语句子I split the wood with an axe.我用斧子把木头 。His jeans split when he sat down.他一坐下牛仔裤就 。Both of u
23、s split the money between us.我们俩 。They split up into two teams to play against each other. 他们 进行比赛。She split the class into groups of four.她按四人一组 。After they had finished recording Let It Be, the Beatles split up.在录制完唱片Let It Be后,披头士乐队就 。The teacher has to split up the two students as they are alway
24、s talking in class.老师 ，因为他们总是上课说话。Business history split off from economic history in the U.S.A. in 1920s. 在二十世纪20年代美国 。 【师生共同总结】分裂，分离，分手=break up，把分开split up 分成；使分裂成split(up) into从分离/分化出来；从分裂出来split off from 在两者之间分(享)某物split sth. between.【即时巩固】单项选择题When such an organized group became too large for
25、its members to travel together comfortably, it would_.A. hurry upB. split upC. make upD. pick upThe two dogs started to fight, so we tried to _ them.A. split B. separate C. tear D. divideAccording to research, children whose parents _ are more likely to have difficulty _ their studies. A. split up;
26、concentrating onB. broke into; to focus onC. gave up; concentration onD. put into; focusing on6.【原句再现】There are many flights to Dalian, and the city has good air connections with most large cities in China, but you need to make reservations in advance. (P59)有许多航班飞往大连，大连与中国的大多数大城市有良好的空中联系，但是你需要提前预订机票
27、。 【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成英语句子Ive made a reservation for you on the morning flight.我为你 。He has reserved three tickets for London.他已 。I have serious reservations about his ability to do the job.我 他有没有能力胜任这项工作。We accepted their offer without reservation.我们 。This section of the car park is reserved for visitors.
28、这个停车区是 。Keep some money in reserve, just in case. ，以防万一。 【师生共同总结】reservation n. 预订，预约；保留意见reserve v. 保留；预订；储备 n. 贮藏(物)；储备预订make reservations/a reservation 毫无保留/异议地without reservation留给某人(某物/某个地方)reserve .for sb. (保存起来亦)备用in reserve【即时巩固】单项选择题(2011高考福建卷)Id prefer to_ my judgment until I find all the
29、evidence.A. show B. express C. pass D. reserve(2012高考浙江卷)“ Its such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table_ for customers. A. to be reserved B. having reserved C. reserving D. reserved As the family did not make a(n) _ ahead of time, they had to wait at the restaurant in order to get a t
30、able.A. approvalB. reservationC. arrangementD. enquiry7.【原句再现】Sometimes the slow ferries are not very punctual and there may be long delays. (P59)有时候较慢的渡船不是很准时，可能会耽搁很长时间。 【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成英语句子She is always punctual for every appointment.她总是 。I expect you to be punctual for meetings.我希望你 。We can not gua
31、rantee the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.雾天我们不能担保火车 。My English teacher is punctual to the minute.我的英语老师很守时, 。 【师生共同总结】punctual adj.准时的，守时的punctually adv.准时地punctuality n. 准时，守时be punctual for . 在方面很守时 be punctual to the minute很守时，一分不差介词短语：及时in time 准时 on time【即时巩固】单项选择题The manager is
32、always very _ for appointments, which earns him a good reputation. A. punctual B. numbC. allergic D. contentTo be punctual_ the conference，they left on an early train this morning.A. forB. atC. onD. in8.【原句再现】The number of road accidents and the deaths arising from those accidents has increased over
33、 the past year. (P62)在过去的一年里，道路事故及由此造成的死亡人数均有增长。 【诊断练习】根据英语句子完成英语句子We keep them informed of any changes as they arise.如果 ，我们随时通知他们。Emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.身体上的原因可以 。Many English words arise from Latin.许多英语单词都 。He arose and walked to the door. 他 走到门口。 【师生共同总结】aris
34、e from由引起 相当于result from arise vi.出现，产生，起身，起床 过去式arose 过去分词arisenrise vi.升起，升高 过去式rose , 过去分词risenraise vt. 举起，提高，提出，抚养， 筹集 过去式raised , 过去分词raisedI thought it easy to do it, but a lot of new questions _.He _ his eyes from his work.The cost of living continues to _.All the errors _your carelessness.【
35、答案】arose raised rise arose from/resulted from【即时巩固】单项选择题(2009高考江西卷)What is the price of petrol these days. Oh, it _ sharply since last month. A. is raised B. has risen C. has arisen D. is increasedA completely new situation is likely to _ when the middle school leaving age is raised to 16.A. arouse
36、B. riseC. arise D. raiseThe traffic accident _ his fast driving and he was badly hurt.A. led to B. arose fromC. resulted in D. separated from9.【原句再现】Sixteen years later, in 1884, the Metropolitan Railway company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up and provided the underground service in
37、the middle of the city. (P50)16年后,就是1884年,大都会铁路公司和大都会区铁路公司联合起来在城市中心提供地铁服务. 【原句再现】After World war ended in 1945，more people travelled on the underground，so the system was enlarged and more lines were added，including the Victoria Line，which was linked with other lines at almost every station.(P51) 194
38、5年二战结束后，更多人乘坐地铁，因此地铁系统被扩大，更多的地铁线建成；其中包括几乎连接所有的站点和其他线路的维多利亚线。 【诊断练习】翻译句中划线部分Our struggle against imperialism is closely linked to that of the worlds people. We should link theory with practice. We link up with the company. The two companies linked up to hold a charity event. 【师生共同总结】熟记下列词组：be linked
39、to与有关联 have a link with与有关联be linked with和联系起来 be connected with/be concerned with与有关linkwith把和联系起来 link up with和连接起来relate . to/with. 把与联系起来 in/with relation to关于；涉及，有关be related to=be relative to与有关/联系/血缘关系 【即时巩固】单项选择题Youd better give up smoking, Tom, for many diseases are _ to smoking, you know.A
40、. linked B. ledC. exposed D. blamedIf you _ the pieces of information, you will be clearer about what has really happened.A. link up B. link toC. link with D. link in【答案】A10.【原句再现】The Underground Electric Railways Company of London, the Metropolitan Line and all the different bus and train lines wer
41、e placed under the authority of the Board. (P51)伦敦电力地铁公司、大都会支线以及所有不同的公交、列车线路都归该署掌管。 【原句再现】Part of the road is still under repair.(P59)部分路段目前仍在修建中。 【诊断练习】The big company is under the authority of the young man. 这家大公司 。Two sections of Highway 101 are under repair.101公路有两段 。The plans have been under di
42、scussion(being talked about)for a year .这些计划至今已 。Under the circumstances，it seemed better not to tell him about the accident. ，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。He was under the influence of Professor Zhang. 他 。We are building socialism under the leadership of the Party. ，我们正在建设社会主义。 【师生共同总结】under repair在修理中 under
43、discussion在讨论中under control of在控制下 under the impression记得，在印象中under the authority of由(归)掌管，管理 under the leadership of在的领导下under the influence of在的影响下 under the circumstances在此情况下，既然这样under no circumstances决不，无论如何不(放在句首，句子要部分倒装)under the instruction of在的指导下 under umbrella of在保护下但是：在帮助下 with the help
44、of/with the aid of /with the assistance of【即时巩固】单项选择题Sorry, sir. Im late._ should you come to class late next time.A. On all circumstanceB. In any circumstanceC. Under no circumstancesD. Under no circumstanceIt is still _ whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A. u
45、nder discussion B. under repair C. under discussing D. out of question【答案】A 【解析】句意：旧车站是否被一个现代化旅馆代替还在讨论之中。_, he caught up with others.A. With the help of the teachers B. With the teachers helpC. By the teachers help D. On the teachers help (二)重点句型1.【原句再现】Having seen the situation, a wealthy American
46、businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook improving the system.(P51) 看到这种情况，一名叫查尔斯 耶基斯的美国富商于1902年承担起了改善(地铁)系统的工程。【句法分析】having seen the situation是现在分词的完成式作状语，表示该动作先于句子的谓语动词完成。【考点聚焦】分词作状语形式的判断非谓语与逻辑主语(即句子的主语)的关系与谓语动作的时间关系doing(一般式)作状语主动关系(几乎)与谓语动作同时进行having done(完成式)作状语主动关系先于谓语动作发生having been done(完成被动式)
47、作状语被动关系先于谓语动作发生done(过去分词)作状语被动关系已经在过去发生或是不十分强调时间概念【即时巩固】单项选择题 _ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog. A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding
48、 of the PLA Navy. A. marking B. marked C. having marked D. being marked_ at the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again. A. Having eaten B. To eat C. Eat D. Eating 2. 【原句再现】Carrying more than a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control. This lack of control is an inv
49、itation to accidents.(P63)用自行车带上重物使得车子难以控制，而缺乏控制就会诱发事故。【句法分析】此句是make +it +adj. + (for sb.) to do sth.句型。在此结构中，it是形式宾语，此结构中真正的宾语是后面的不定式，而形容词充当了宾语补足语成分，尤其是当宾语太长时，常采用it作形式宾语。【考点聚焦】正确判断是不是形式宾语，只有“it”可以用作形式宾语。【即时巩固】单项选择题The fact that she was foreign made _difficult for her to get a job in that country.A. so B. much C. that D. it No matter where he is, he makes _a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.A. him B this C. that D. it 三课后（段落写作作文纸上写）
