1、 MODULE 1 British and American English Section B GRAMMAR 单元语法复习动词时态(1)要点1 一般现在时(1)表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状 态。常与表示频率的时间状语连用,如 usually,often,always,sometimes,never,every day,once a week,on Mondays 等。(2)表示客观事实或普遍真理,也用在格 言中。(3)表示按计划或时间表将要发生的事,其后常跟表示将来的时间状语。(4)表示主语现在具备的特征、性格或 能力。(5)一些表示心理状态的动词,如know,understand,re
2、member 等,无进行时,只能用一般现在时表示现在发生的具体行为。(6)在时间和条件状语从句中代替一般将来时。题组练领悟方法 单句语法填空(1)词汇复现He always (go)to work by subway.(2)Light (travel)faster than sound.(3)Look at the timetable.Hurry up!Flight 4026 (take)off at 18:20.(4)“Life is like walking in the snow,”Granny used to say,“because every step _(show).”(5)Sh
3、e clearly (remember)the excitement as they boarded the train.(6)Her parents have promised to come to see her before she (leave)for Africa.(7)If he (come),Ill let you know as soon as possible.单句写作(8)Youd better write down her phone number (趁着你还没有忘记).(9)As an outgoing girl,I _ _ _ _ _ _(和同学相处得很好).goes
4、 travels takes shows remembers leaves comes before you forget it get along well with my classmates 要点 2 现在进行时(1)表示说话时正在进行的动作。常与 now,right now,at present,at the moment 等时间状语及look,listen 等标志词连用。(2)表示现阶段正在进行而此刻不一定 在进行的动作。常与表示一段时间的状语连用,如these days,this week 等。(3)某些非延续性动词可以用现在进行时 表示即将发生的动作。常用的这类动词有come,g
5、o,leave,arrive,start,finish,die 等。这时句中一般有表示将来的时间状语。(4)表达特定的感情色彩。现在进行时常与always,continually,constantly,forever 等连用,表示重复的动作,常含有厌烦、不满、抱怨、赞扬等感情色彩。学法点拨(1)某些表示看法、认识、意识、感觉、情感、愿望或某种状态的动词一般不用于现在进行时,如 be,belong,believe,find,hate,hear,like,love,wish 等。(2)一些动词既可表示状态又可表示动作,如feel 等,表示状态时不可用于现在进行时,表示动作时可用于现在进行时。单句语
6、法填空(1)Listen!Somebody (sing).(2)The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers (repair)one of the main pipes.(3)If I (sleep)when he comes,wake me up,please.(4)Food supplies in the flood-stricken area (run)out.We must act immediatelybefore theres none left.单句写作(5)Mr Smith (总是在工作)wh
7、en I go to see him on Sundays.(6)The Internet (正扮演着越来越重要的角色)in our daily life now.(7)Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _(发展如此迅速).is singing are repairing am sleeping are running is always working is playing a more and more important part is changing so rapi
8、dly 要点 3 现在完成时(1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的 影响或结果。常与 already,just,yet,before,recently,so far,ever,never,once 等连用。(2)表示从过去某一时间开始持续到现 在的动作或状态。常与表示一段时间的状语连用,如 so far,up to now,for a long time,for years,since,in the past/last five years,these days 等。(3)在时间和条件状语从句中代替将来完成时。(4)在“This/It is the first/second time that.
9、”句式中,that 从句用现在完成时。学法点拨(1)现在完成时强调过去发生的动作与现在的联系,如对现在产生的结果或影响,它着眼于现在,通常不与具体的过去时间状语连用;一般过去时则只表示过去的动作或状态,与现在没有联系,可以与具体的过去时间状语连用。(2)非延续性动词,如 open,go,come,die,leave,arrive,begin,return,stop 等,其现在完成时的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,需要用相应的延续性动词替换。He has left here for three years.()He has been away from here for three yea
10、rs.()He left here three years ago.()(3)have gone to 去了某地(现在还没有 回来)have been to 去过某地(现在已经回来了)单句语法填空(1)词汇复现I (see)the linguist only once this year.(2)Tom and Mary (be)friends for years.(3)2020北京卷 Chinas high-speed railways (grow)from 9,000 to 25,000kilometers in the past few years.(4)Alvin,are you com
11、ing with us?Id love to,but something unexpected (come)up.(5)Listen,Donna!I dont care if you missed the bus this morning.You (be)late towork too many times.(6)By the time he realizes he (walk)into a trap,itll be too late for him to doanything about it.(7)It is the most instructive lecture that I (att
12、end)since I came to this school.(8)Oh no!Were too late.The train (leave).Thats OK.Well catch the next train to London.(9)He (give)up smoking,but a year ago he (smoke)60 cigarettes a week.have seen have been have grown has come have been has walked have attended has left has given smoked 单句写作(10)I (已
13、经教过一些外国人普通话),whichmakes me have much experience in teaching.(11)In a word,the Internet (已使我们的生活更加丰富多彩)and will be used more commonly in our life.(12)Ill go to the party as soon as I (完成家庭作业).have taught some foreigners Mandarin has made our life more colourful have finished my homework 要点 4 一般将来时一般将
14、来时由“shall/will+动词原形”构成,表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与tomorrow,next week,in the future,in a few days 等时间状语连用。此外,还有以下表达法:(1)be going to do 结 构 表 示 打 算、计 划、安排要做某事或有迹象表明要发生 某事。(2)be about to do 结构表示即将发生的 动作,一般不与具体的时间状语连用。(3)be to do 结构表示按照约定、职责、义务或要求等即将发生的动作。(4)现在进行时表将来,往往是指计划好 或准备要做的事。(5)一般现在时表将来,表示按照计划或 时刻表要发生的事情
15、。另外,在条件和时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。单句语法填空(1)By the time you have finished this book,your meal (get)cold.(2)If their marketing plans succeed,they (increase)their sales by 20 percent.(3)Wherever he goes,he (take)an umbrella with him.单句写作(4)Be quiet!The lecture (马上就要开始).(5)Dr.Smith,together with his wife and daughters,(将去参观北京)this summer.(6)Once you understand these rules,you _(操作没有困难)the machine.will get will increase will take is about to start is going to visit Beijing will have no difficulty operating 完成“综合练提升能力”中的题目 综合练提升能力