1、2014高考英语阅读理解全程巩固训练（22）及答案(十七)-A-(2013郑州市二模，A)“Croeso I Gymru！” If you dont know what this means, read on to find out more.When you cross over the border from England into Wales, you dont have to show your passport but you do notice a difference immediately. All the road markings and signs are shown
2、in two languagesEnglish and Welsh (威尔士语). Not all visitors to Britain know that other languages are spoken here. Theres the Gaelic (盖尔语) language in Scotland and a few people speak Cornish (康沃尔语) in the southwest of England, but the most widely spoken language in the UK besides English is Welsh.Perh
3、aps the first Welsh word youll see on the road into Wales is ARAF. Theres a helpful English translation next to itSLOW. As you can see, Welsh looks quite different from English. It sounds very different, too. Welsh looks and sounds so different from English because its a Celtic language. Celtic cult
4、ures still exist around the edges of the UKin Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland and also in parts of France. For hundreds of years, almost everyone in Wales spoke Welsh, but nowadays there are about 600 thousand Welsh speakersaround 20% of the population.So is Welsh dying out? Not at all! Nowaday
5、s, all school children in Wales study Welsh and many choose to go to an all Welshspeaking school. You can get public information in Welsh, speak Welsh in court or take a course at university in Welsh. People surf the Internet in Welsh, keep up with friends on Facebook and write blogs in Welsh.By the
6、 way，“Croeso I Gymru！” means “Welcome to Wales！” I hope youll be able to visit it one day.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了威尔士语，包括威尔士语的特点、使用的人群、发展前景以及与英语的不同。1According to the passage, Welsh _.Ahas developed from CornishBis still widely used in the UKCsounds a little similar to EnglishDis more widely spoken than
7、 before答案：B细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的“but the most widely spoken language in the UK besides English is Welsh”可知，威尔士语在英国应用比较广泛。故答案选B。2How does the author feel about the future of Welsh?AOptimistic. BCurious. CWorried. DConfused.答案：A观点态度题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句“So is Welsh dying out? Not at all！”可知，作者相信威尔士语不会消失。故答案选A。
8、3What is the authors purpose of writing the passage?ATo explain a typical Welsh term.BTo compare English with Welsh.CTo give an introduction to Welsh.DTo encourage people to visit Wales.答案：C写作意图题。文章主要介绍了威尔士语的特点、使用的人群、发展前景以及与英语的不同。故答案选C。阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂
9、黑。ADear Rudyard Kipling,Father has consistently tried to instill(灌输) a sense of being a man in me ever since I was very young. When I reached the age of twelve he began taking me to his auto body shop. He told me this tough job would build me into a man of character. But this all changed a year ago
10、when my mother passed away and stumbled upon your poem, If.My mother was the person who could understand me. If I ever got tired during my work hours at the shop I could call her to come and pick me up. It was my mother who instilled the love of literature and languages in me. My mother spoke six la
11、nguages fluently and had thousands of books, which still sit in the attic of our house. It was in this “library” of hers that I picked up a book of poetry from a cold metal shelf and found your poem, If. Because of the death of my mother I felt alone, as if I belonged to no family. The image of a ma
12、n was completely shattered when I saw him break down and cry, which looked so pathetic（凄惨的）and “unmanly” compared to his usual stoic（禁欲主义者）and emotionless countenance. Yet I remained silent remembering the golden words: “If you can keep your head when all about you/ Are losing theirs and blaming it
13、on you youll be a Man, my son!”If reminded me to remain calm and “keep my head” because I wanted to be a man and wanted to be the one supporting my family. I sacrificed my ability to compete in a winter sport so that I could stay home and cook for my family and clean the house. My father saw this an
14、d our relationship has grown much stronger. He finally respected me for who I was and told me he was proud to have a man for his son. Through this poem, I realize that to be a man is not about putting weights on a barbell（杠铃）but rather putting the weight of others on your back. Your poem was so much
15、 more than just a simple list of guidelines or morals that some see it as; it really changed my life and my relationship with my dad. 41. According to the passage, what kind of person does the authors father expect him to be?A. A person who will shoulder responsibilities.B. A person who knows how to
16、 earn a lot of money.C. A person who knows how to do housework.D. A person who respects his parents.【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据Father has consistently tried to instill(灌输) a sense of being a man in me ever since I was very young.作者的父亲想要他成为一个真正的能肩负起责任的男人，故选A。42. Who does the underlined word “him” in paragraph
17、 3 refer to?A. the character in the poem B. the authors fatherC. the author D. an unknown person【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题。根据The image of a man was completely shattered when I saw him break down and cry,可知这里指的是作者自己，是作者痛苦，因为自己的母亲去世，故选C。43. According to the passage, a man in the authors mind would have the follow
18、ing qualities EXCEPT _.A. responsible B. calm C. caring D. enthusiastic 【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。responsible有责任心的； calm镇静的； caring爱心，有同情心的； enthusiastic热情的。根据because I wanted to be a man and wanted to be the one supporting my family. 作者认为人要有责任心；If you can keep your head when all about you/ Are losing theirs a
19、nd blaming it on you youll be a Man, my son 这里作者引用母亲的话来说明人在遇到事情时要镇静；要If I ever got tired during my work hours at the shop I could call her to come and pick me up.作者认为要有爱心；只有选项D的热情没有提到，故选D。44. We can learn from the passage that _. A. the poem has helped to improve the relationship between the author
20、and his fatherB. the author would not know how to help his family without the poemC. the authors father must have read the poem as wellD. the authors mother had told him about this poem before 【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Your poem was so much more than just a simple list of guidelines or morals that some see i
21、t as; it really changed my life and my relationship with my dad.那首诗帮助改善了作者和父亲的关系，故选A。45. The author has written this letter to _.A. share with Rudyard Kipling his sadness resulting from the death of his mother B. show his appreciation for the positive influence the poem has brought to himC. share hi
22、s opinion on the poemD. tell Rudyard Kipling how he got the poem 【答案】B 【解析】作者意图题。根据短文的内容可知作者想让我们知道那首诗带给他的积极的影响。阅读理解-E(2013长沙市二模，B)These days, there are very few wild animals left in the UK. The wolves have gone. The bears have been hunted to extinction. Fortunately, there are a few badgers (獾)Oh, we
23、ll, actually, not for long as the British government has just decided to kill them too! But why?Badgers are fascinating creatures. The black and white mammals live underground in “setts”， which they dig out of the earth. They are extremely brave, fighting off larger animals such as bears and wolves.
24、 The problem is that some badgers carry “Bovine Tuberculosis”(BTB), an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Bovis (M. Bovis) which can cause TB in some other animals, including cattle.For farmers, this is a serious issue. In 1998 in the UK, almost 6 000 cows were killed to contro
25、l the disease. And in 2010, more than 30 000 animals were destroyed. Its expensive too. Bovine TB costs the UK about 100 million per year. And some believe that the disease could end up costing the economy 9 billion over the next 40 years if nothing is done about it.Experts say that badgers are resp
26、onsible for about 50% of the infected cattle. So, after much debate, the government has agreed to a badger cull (杀戮). This will mean about 30 000 of the innocent creatures will be wiped out to fight the disease. Environment Secretary Caroline Spelman admitted that there was “great strength of feelin
27、g” about it, but said, “I believe this is the right way forward.”Of course, many are against the measure, including conservationists and animal rights activists. They claim that killing the badgers in controlled zones wouldnt work because badgers from neighboring areas would simply move into the emp
28、ty setts and become infected too. Furthermore, they believe that the way cattle are raised intensively, and transported around to lots of different farms during their lives is probably the biggest cause of the spread of the disease.Most ordinary people are against the measure too. A survey suggests
29、about twothirds are against killing the badgers, with majorities against killing them regardless of age, region and gender. One of the alternatives to the cull involves using vaccine (疫苗) on badgers. However, this costs an average of 2 250 per year per square kilometer. Trapping and shooting badgers
30、 costs 2 500 per year, but shooting freerunning badgers only costs about 200 per year (per square kilometer)So, with that in mind, its easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks!文章大意：本文是一篇新闻报道。在英国，一些獾身上携带TB病菌，这种病菌会传播给牲畜，从而给农民带来巨大的损失。政府不顾多数人的反对，决定采取行动来杀掉獾，因为对他们来说，这样做的代价相对来说
31、较低。16Why does the government want to kill the badgers?ABecause there is no other choice to cut the spread of the disease.BBecause badgers carry TB, a disease which can infect other animals.CBecause they almost wiped out an entire population of cattle.DBecause it might be an effective way to fight TB
32、 at the least expense.答案：D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中第四句“The problem is that some badgers carry Bovine Tuberculosis (BTB).”及倒数第二段最后一句“. shooting freerunning badgers only costs about 200 per year (per square kilometer)”可知，杀死獾可能是以最低价来对抗TB传播的有效办法。故答案选D。17Which of the following statements is TRUE?ASome people object
33、 to culling because it costs much more to trap and shoot badgers.BIn the following four decades, 9 billion will be spent on TB.CBased on the survey, people of different age groups, regions and both genders are against killing the badgers.DCaroline Spelman thought badgers should be culled despite peo
34、ples strong reaction.答案：C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“A survey suggests about twothirds are against killing the badgers, with majorities against killing them regardless of age, region and gender.”可知，一项调查表明来自不同年龄、地区和性别的人，大多数都反对屠杀獾。故答案选C。18Who is strongly for killing the badgers according the passage?AThe governm
35、ent. BMost ordinary people.CConservationists. DAnimal rights activists.答案：A细节理解题。根据文章第四、五、六段及文章最后一段中“its easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks！”可知，政府对屠杀獾是非常支持的，因为这样做的代价最低。故答案选A。19What is the authors attitude toward governments decision?ASupportive. BCritical. CObjecti
36、ve. DUnconcerned.答案：B推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句中“actually, not for long as the British government has just decided to kill them too！”及最后一段“So, with that in mind, its easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks！”可知，政府不顾多数人的反对，只考虑钱的问题。从中可以看出，作者对政府的决定是持批评态度。故答案选B。20Which is the best ti
37、tle for the passage?AThe Control of TB BThe Voice of the BadgersCBadger Danger DThe Threat of the Badgers答案：C标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲了英国政府不顾人们的反对，已经决定杀死獾，从而使獾处于危险之中。因此，短文的最佳标题应是Badger Danger。故答案选C。阅读理解-BThis is an old tale. Its the story of the three little pigs and the big bad wolf that blew down a house
38、 made of straw and one made of sticks. The only house left standing was the one made of bricks. Now there is new evidence to suggest that houses built with bales of straw can be very strong. They are also environmental. Pete Walker is a professor at the University of Bath in Britain. He and a team o
39、f researchers there have built a house made out of straw bales and hemp material. During the next twelve months the team will study the effectiveness of these materials in home building. Professor Walker says there are many good reasons for using straw. Professor Walker says that one of the benefits
40、 is that its a relatively inexpensively renewable material thats readily available. According to Professor Walker, straw takes in carbon dioxide as it grows. So it can be seen as having no harmful effects on the environment. He says straw helps the environment in other ways. Professor Walker: “The s
41、traw bale walls are relatively thick and so all that straw provides very good thermal(of heat) insulation. So we make buildings that require very little heating in the winter or indeed very little cooling in the summer. So they require very little additional energy.” Professor Walker says this reduc
42、es home operating expenses. It also reduces the effect on the environment. He says the current interest in straw bale houses is a direct response to the problem of climate change. David Lanfear owns an eco-friendly home building service in the United States called Bale on Bale Construction. He says
43、he laughed when some friends first told him about houses built of straw. But after doing his own research, he learned that building with straw bales made a lot of sense. He has now helped to build more than ten straw bale houses and says the building material is becoming more widely accepted. To bui
44、ld the houses, he fills a wood frame with tightly packed bales of straw. Next he coats the walls inside and out with layers of clay plaster. He says the common ideas about straw houses continue, including stories about the threat of fire. Mr. Lanfear says straw bale houses have done well when tested
45、 for fire resistance. And he says his builders use the same building methods as traditional builders to keep out rain. David Lanfear: “We use what we call good shoes and a good hat, and that would be a solid foundation and a really good roof.”46. The function of the story in the first paragraph is t
46、o _.A. amuse the readersB. introduce the topic of this passage C. help the readers to recall their childhood memoryD. remind the readers that bricks are no longer the best choice for building 【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据用这个寓言故事来引出下文，因为它们有相同之处都是叙述的房子的问题，故选B。47. Which of the following words is closest in meaning
47、 to the underlined word “insulation” in paragraph six? A. protection B. condition C. transmission D. expansion 【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据The straw bale walls are relatively thick及So we make buildings that require very little heating in the winter or indeed very little cooling in the summer.可以猜出厚厚的草起保护的作用，故选A
48、。48. Whats David Lanfears attitude towards the straw houses at last?A. Doubtful B. Approving C. Defensive D. Negative 【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据He has now helped to build more than ten straw bale houses and says the building material is becoming more widely accepted. 最后David Lanfear是同意接受了用草做成的房子的。故选B。49. Whi
49、ch of the following is NOT the advantage of the house built with straw bales?A. It is environmentally friendly.B. The supply of its building materials is easily guaranteed.C. It is comparatively economical.D. It is free from fires.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据So it can be seen as having no harmful effects on th
50、e environment.这种房子是环保的，选项A符合原文；thats readily available.这些草是可以再生的，更新快，所以房子的原料是可以保证的，选项B符合原文；its a relatively inexpensively renewable material thats readily available. 这种房子是经济适用，花费不多，选项C符合原文；以上都是草屋的优点，只有选项D没有提到，故选D。50. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Professor Walker is
51、still not very sure about whether the straw bales and hemp material are as useful as they expect.B. According to Professor Walker, climate change contributes to peoples present attention to straw bale houses. C. Peoples idea about the straw houses remains the same.D. The straw bale house built by David Lanfear share the same method to keep out rain as the traditional ones. 【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据the common ideas about straw houses continue, including stories about the threat of fire.人们的对于草房子的观点不可能完全一致，故选C。
