1、2014高考英语阅读理解全程基础训练（16）及答案阅读理解-E (2013重庆，E)It is idely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather. Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr. Johnsons famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.” Though Johnsons observation is as accurate
2、 now as it was over two hundred years ago, most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weatherspeak. Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not at all exciting, the obsession with it can hardly be understood. He argues that “To an out
3、sider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply, the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English interest is by nature attrac
4、tive. Bryson is wrong, he says, because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena. “The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.” According to him, the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English a
5、s well as the outsider.Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weatherspeak among the English. Both commentators, somehow, are missing the point.The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all. English weatherspeak is a system of signs, which is developed
6、to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows conversations starting with weatherspeak are not requests for weather data. Rather, they are routine greetings, conversation starters or the blank “fillers”. In other words, English weatherspeak is a me
7、ans of social bonding.文章大意：本文为议论文，上来点题：英语对话往往从天气开始。后面具体的介绍几个对此有不同理解的人以及他们的观点。17The author mentions Dr. Johnsons comment to show that _.Amost commentators agree with Dr. Johnson.BDr. Johnson is famous for his weather conversationCthe comment was accurate two hundred years agoDEnglish conversations us
8、ually start with the weather答案：D文章第一句话提到：众所周知，英语的对话往往从天气开始，然后举例说明，显然举例的目的就是表明英语的对话往往从天气开始，故D项正确。18What does the underlined word “obsession” most probably refer to?AA social trend.BAn emotional state.CA historical concept.DAn unknown phenomenon.答案：B词意猜测题。由语境可知，Bill认为因为英国天气一点也不令人兴奋，因此用它对话时表达出来的_难以理解。兴
9、奋应是与人的情感状态有关，故B项正确。19According to the passage, Jeremy Paxman believes that _.ABill Bryson has little knowledge of the weatherBthere is nothing special about the English weatherCthe English weather attracts people to the British IslesDEnglish people talk about the weather for its uncertainty答案：D细节理解题
10、。由文章第三段信息The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.可知D项正确。20What is the authors main purpose of writing the passage?ATo explain what English weatherspeak is about.BTo analyse misconceptions about the English weather.CTo find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman. D
11、To convince people that the English weather is changeable.答案：A主旨大意题。文章主要讲述英语对话以天气开始的一些事情，故A项正确。 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AChristopher Thomas, 27, was a writer by night and a teacher by day when he noticed he was always tired and was losing weight fast. Diagnos
12、ed with diabetes(糖尿病), Thomas would need to inject himself with insulin(胰岛素) three times a day for the rest of his life or risk nerve damage, blindness and even death. And if that werent bad enough, he had no health insurance. After a month of feeling upset, Thomas decided hed better find a way to f
13、ight back. He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic Rockstar, and created , a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones a place where over 1,100 people share personal stories, information and resources. Jason Swenckis son, Kody, w
14、as diagnosed with diabetes at six. Father and son visit the online childrens forums(论坛) together most evenings. Kody gets so excited, writing to kids from all over, says Swencki, one of the sites volunteers. They know what hes going through, so he doesnt feel alone.Kody is anything but alone: Diabet
15、es is now the seventh leading cause of death in the United States, with 24 million diagnosed cases. And more people are being diagnosed at younger ages. These days, Thomass main focus is his charity(慈善机构), Fight It, which provides medicines and supplies to people 225 to date who cant afford a diabet
16、ics huge expenses. Fight-it.org has raised about $23,000 in products and in cash. In May, Thomas will hold the first annual Diabetic Rockstar Festival in the Caribbean. Even with a staff of 22 volunteers, Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause, while still doing his full-time job wa
17、iting tables. Of the diabetes charities out there, most are putting money into finding a cure, says Bentley Gubar, one of Rockstars original members. But Christopher is the only person I know saying people need help now.26. Which of the following is true of Christopher Thomas?A. He needs to go to th
18、e doctor every day.B. He studies the leading cause of diabetes.C. He has a positive attitude to his disease.D. He encourages diabetics by writing articles.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段尤其是第一句“Thomasdecidedhedbetterfindawaytofightback”故选C。27. D was created for _.A. diabetics to communicate B. volunteers to fin
19、d jobsC. children to amuse themselves D. rock stars to share resources【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段末for diabetics and their loved ones a place where over 1,100 people share personal stories, information and resources.故选A28. According to the text, Kody _.A. feel lonely because of his illnessB. benefits from C
20、. helps create the online kids forumsD.writes childrens stories online【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Kody gets so excited, writing to kids from all over, says Swencki, one of the sites volunteers. They know what hes going through, so he doesnt feel alone.可知故选B。29. What can we learn about Fight It?A. It helps the
21、diabetics in financial difficulties.B. It organizes parties for volunteer once a year.C. It offers less expensive medicine to diabetics.D. It owns a well-known medical web-site.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Fight It, which provides medicines and supplies to people 225 to date who cant afford a diabetics huge exp
22、enses.故选A。30. The last paragraph suggests that Thomas _.A. works full-time in a diabetes charityB. employs 22 people for his websiteC. helps diabetics in his own wayD. tries to find a cure for diabetes【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据But Christopher is the only person I know saying people need help now. 他是在用自己的方式来帮
23、助别人，.故选C。(六)A(2013重庆，A)The morning had been a disaster. My tooth was aching, and Id been in an argument with a friend. Her words still hurt: “The trouble with you is that you wont put yourself in my place. Cant you see things from my point of view？” I shook my head stubbornlyand felt the ache in my
24、tooth. Id thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable. I started calling the dentists in the phone book, but no one could see me immediately. Finally, at about lunchtime, I got lucky.“If you come by right now，” the receptionist said, “the denti
25、st will fit you in.”I took my purse and keys and rushed to my car. But suddenly I began to doubt about the dentist. What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? Why wasnt he as busy as the others?In the dentists office, I sat down and looked around. I saw nothing but
26、 the bare walls and I became even more worried. The assistant noticed my nervousness and placed her warm hand over my icecold one.When I told her my fears, she laughed and said，“Dont worry. The dentist is very good.”“How long do I have to wait for him？” I asked impatiently.“Come on, he is coming. Ju
27、st lie down and relax. And enjoy the artwork，”the assistant said.“The artwork？”I was puzzled.The chair went back. Suddenly I smiled. There was a beautiful picture, right where I could enjoy it: on the ceiling. How considerate the dentist was! At that moment, I began to understand what my friend mean
28、t by her words.What a relief!文章大意：本文为一篇夹述夹议的文章，作者通过自己看牙医的一段经历，体会到了下面的道理，即：要站在别人的角度上考虑问题。1Which of the following best describes the authors feeling that morning?ACheerful. BNervous. CSatisfied DUpset.答案：D推理判断题。由文章刚开头提到的“The morning had been a disaster”以及后面“牙痛，跟朋友的辩论又伤害了我”可知，我很沮丧，故D项正确。2What made the
29、author begin to doubt about the dentist?AThe dentists agreeing to treat her at very short notice.BThe dentists being as busy as the other dentists.CThe surroundings of the dentists office.DThe laughing assistant of the dentist.答案：A细节理解题。由文章第三段第三句话What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someo
30、ne at such short notice？可知，A项正确。3Why did the author suddenly smile?ABecause the dentist came at last.BBecause she saw a picture on the ceiling.CBecause she could relax in the chair.DBecause the assistant kept comforting her.答案：B细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段信息Suddenly I smiled.There was a beautiful picture，right wh
31、ere I could enjoy it，on the ceiling.可知B项正确。4What did the author learn from her experience most probably?AStrike while the iron is hot.BHave a good word for ones friend.CPut oneself in others shoes.DA friend in need is a friend indeed.答案：C推理判断题。A项表示“趁热打铁”；B项表示“对朋友说好话”；C项表示“站在别人的角度上考虑”；D项表示“患难朋友才是真朋友”
32、。由文章第一段朋友的话：The trouble with you is that you wont put yourself at my place. Cant you see things from my point of view.以及文章倒数第二段I began to understand what my friends meant by her words.可知，作者从这段经历当中知道了：要站在别人的角度上去考虑问题，故C项正确。阅读理解-BBoys schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their em
33、otions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music.Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (阳刚), the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype, a US study says.Boys at single-sex schools were said to be
34、 more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to conform to the boy code of hiding their emotions to be a real man.The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught
35、alongside girls.Tony Little, headmaster of the British boys-only school, Eton, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.The research
36、argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to comp
37、ete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the studys author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with boy-focused approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best th
38、rough touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given hands-on lessons where they are allowed to walk around, James found.Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype that men should be masterful and in charge in relationships. I
39、n mixed schools boys feel compelled to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means, the study reported. 31. The author believes that a single-sex school _.A. forces boys to hide their emotions to be real menB. helps to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys
40、C. encourages boys to express their emotions more freelyD. naturally reinforces in boys the traditional image of a man【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Boys schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions。A选项和第1段的观点冲突；B选项从第2段的第1句话的观点中可以知道是错误的。far from的含义为“根本不是”。D选项说到的加强男孩靠拢传统男人形象并未在文章内提及。故
41、选C。32. It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys _.A. perform relatively better B. behave more responsiblyC. grow up more healthily D. receive a better education【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四自然段这个研究的结论和人们普遍接受的看法不一致，按照人们普遍的看法，男孩在和女孩一起接受教育的时候表现会更出色。故选A。33. What does Tony Little say about the British ed
42、ucation system?A. It fails more boys than girls academically.B. It focuses more on mixed school education.C. It fails to give boys the attention they need.D. It places more pressure on boys than on girls.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据because it had become too focused on girls. 这句话逆向说明男孩子没有得到适当的关注。故选C。34. Accordi
43、ng to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is _.A. teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boysB. boys can focus on their lessons without being distractedC. boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested inD. teaching can be designed to promote boys team
44、spirit【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第七段可知教学可以量身定做,以适合男孩的特点，故选A。35. Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James report?A. They enjoy being in charge. B. They have sharper vision.C. They conform to stereotypes. D. They are violent and sexist.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, acute敏锐的与sharp同义，故选B。
