1、2014高考英语二轮阅读理解精英训练精品题（19）及答案高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-A “Some of the worst human tragedies happening in the world today go on because we dont really see them. We rarely make eye communication with people who are suffering, so we act sometimes as if the people dont exist” The speaker is Bill Gates，the worlds rich
2、est manAt a gathering in Seattle，he is talking not as the Microsoft chairman but as a partner in a strong personal duty. For Gates and his wife，Melinda，making less inequality in global health and domestic education has become a lifes goal Having set up their foundation(基金会)with close to $29 billion，
3、the Gates are on track to become historys greatest philanthropists(慈善家). But they do more than just give money out. Experts praise the couple for their wisdom and their ability to gather others:“Even with this great contribution，”says Susan Schwab, president and CEO of the University System of Maryl
4、and Foundation,“they know they cant solve these problems alone” Their devotion came from different sourcesFor Melinda，it was a vacation to ZaireWhere she was struck by meeting women in being extremely poorFor Bill，it was reading that millions of children die every year from preventable diseases. “Me
5、linda and I had assumed that if there were medicines and treatments that could save lives, government would be doing everything they could to get them topeople，”Bill said at the World Health Assembly in Geneva. “We couldnt escape the cruel conclusion thatsome lives are seen as worth saving and other
6、s are not” From shock came action. They focused on the simple message that one life is worth no more or less than another. Frances Hesselbein, chairman of the non-profit Leader to Leader Institute, says：“Sometimes people give in a very fair way, but there is something about what they are doingthat i
7、s the opposite of that. It is very difficult to understand and very personal” Both Gateses read scientific books and travel extensively in developing countries. So far，the Gateses have devoted $9 billion to global health. They share a sense of urgency. “Were not doing enough in developing countries
8、to give out the treatments and practices we know are effective in fighting diseases such as malaria，tuberculosis and HIV，” the couple told USNews1. Which of the following does Bill Gates think is not correct? A. We act sometimes as if the people suffering dont exist B. They cant solve these problems
9、 alone C. Some lives are worth saving and others are not D. Government would be doing everything to help people答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。本题可用排除法。四个选项之中只有C选项“有些生命值得挽救另外一些生命不值得挽救”是慈善家Bill Gates最不会赞同的观点，故答案为C。2. What does the underlined word “struck” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. hit B. impressed C. attacked
10、 D. hurt答案解析：答案为B。本题为词义猜测题。由第四段划线词语的上下文 “For Melinda，it was a vacation to ZaireWhere she was struck by meeting women in being extremely poorFor Bill，it was reading that millions of children die every year from preventable diseases.”可知，Melinda见到的是极其贫穷的妇女，Bill见到的是成千上万的儿童死于疾病，因此“struck”意思最接近B选项“impress
11、ed”，意为“给人印象最深刻的”。3. What do we know about the projects supported by Gates Foundation? A. They have had great influence on global health B. They are limited to the areas in Africa C. They only focus on medical treatment D. They are carried out without governments support答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节推理题。由第二段最后一句话 “
12、For Gates and his wife，Melinda，making less inequality in global health and domestic education has become a lifes goal” 和最后一段第二句话 “So far， the Gateses have devoted $9 billion to global health.”可知，Gates 和他的妻子Melinda对全球的健康作出了巨大贡献，可以推断A选项符合文意。 由最后一段 “Both Gateses read scientific books and travel extensi
13、vely in developing countries. Were not doing enough in developing countries 可知，B选项错误。由第三段 “But they do more than just give money out. Experts praise the couple for their wisdom and their ability to gather others”可知，C选项错误。由第四段 “ Melinda and I had assumed that if there were medicines and treatments th
14、at could save lives, government would be doing everything they could to get them topeople，Bill said at the World Health Assembly in Geneva.”可知，盖茨的基金会有政府的支持，故D选项错误。均不选。4. The passage is intended to_ A. praise Bill and Melinda Gates for their kindness B. raise more money for the foundation C. explain
15、to people how the projects work D. convince more people of helping others答案解析：答案为D。本题考查文章的写作目的。初读文章似乎是在赞扬Gates夫妇的慈善行为，但是如果把握全文的结构，本文的写作目的并非如此。文章第一段引用Bill Gates讲的话：我们无视受难人的存在。第二段指出这些话是Bill Gates在西雅图会议上不是作为微软公司的总裁而是作为一个具有强烈个人责任感的人所讲的话。第三段写到Gates和他的夫人不仅仅捐钱，专家赞扬他们夫妇运用智慧和能力把众人聚集起来为慈善事业作贡献，并引用专家的话来证明他们夫妇尽
16、管贡献非常大，但是他们知道单靠他们的力量并不能解决问题。第四段描写Gates夫妇看到的受难人的景象。第五段则是他们的行动，他们向人们传达出一个“每个生命都平等”的简单信息，并用Frances Hesselbein的话来进一步解释这个信息的真正意义。最后一段Gates夫妇告诉美国新闻他们在发展中国家所作的一切还不够，重申了本文的主旨。总结全文结构：第一、二段是Gates夫妇在做号召工作，因为他们知道自己的力量不够；中间段落讲他们夫妇在哪些方面做了贡献；最后一段对他们的号召工作再次呼应。因此，全文是在用Gates夫妇的例子来号召人们帮助他人。故答案为D。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、
17、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。C42012辽宁卷 AMini Book Excerpts(节选)BiographyWhen Salinger learned that a car park was to be built on the land, the middleaged writer was shocked and quickly bought the neighboring area to protect it The townspeople never forgot the rescue and came to help their most famous neighbor.JD.Sal
18、inger：A Life by Kenneth Slawenski(Random House, $27)Mystery(疑案小说)“Youre a smart boy. Bennys death was no accident, and youre the only one who saw it happen. Do you think the murderer should get away with it？”The boy was staring stubbornly at his lap again.A thought suddenly occurred to Annika.“Did y
19、ouYou recognized the man in the car, didnt you？”The boy hesitated, twisting his fingers.“Maybe，”he said quietly.Red Wolf by Liza Marklund(Atria Books, $25.99)Short StoriesShe wants to say to him what she has learned, none of it in class: Some women are born stupid, and some women are too smart for t
20、heir own good. Some women are born to give, and some women only know how to take. Some women learn who they want to be from their mothers, some who they dont want to be. Some mothers suffer so their daughters wont.Some mothers love so their daughters wont.You Are Free by Danzy Senna(Riverhead Books,
21、 $15)HumorDo your kids like to have fun? Come to Fun Times! Do you like to watch your kids having fun? Bring them to Fun Times! Fun Times！s “amusement cycling” is the most fun you can have, legally, in the United States right now. Why spend thousands of dollars flying to Disney World when you can sp
22、end less than half of that within a days drive of most cities?Happy：And Other Bad Thoughts by Larry Doyle (Ecco, $14.99)56If the readers want to know about the life of Salinger, they should buy the book published by _.AEcco BAtria BooksCRiverhead Books DRandom House57The book Happy: And Other Bad Th
23、oughts is intended for _.Ayoung children BDisney World workersCmiddle school teachers Dparents with young children58Which book describes women with characters of their own?AHappy：And Other Bad ThoughtsBJ.D.Salinger：A LifeCYou Are FreeDRed Wolf59After finishing the book Red Wolf, the readers would le
24、arn that _.Athe boy helped arrest the murdererBBenny died of an accidentCthe murderer got away with the crimeDAnnika carried out the crime【要点综述】本文是广告阅读。全文是四本书里面精彩部分的节选，每本书后面都标明了价格，目的是推销这些书。56. D细节理解题。这是针对第一则广告设计的问题。从第一则广告的When Salinger learned that我们知道，如果读者想知道Salinger的生活，就要买Random House出版的这本自传。本题中，题
25、干部分的Salinger是关键。其他广告都没有提到Salinger这个人，因此可以排除。57. D推理判断题。本题是针对第四则广告设计的问题。从Do you like to watch your kids having fun？我们知道，这是写给父母的。再结合里面的Disney World我们更能确定答案。58. C细节理解题。这是针对第三则广告设计的问题。这一部分提出了妇女的性格各异。59. A推理判断题。这是针对第二则广告设计的问题。从文章中的 “Maybe，” he said quietly我们知道，他会帮助抓住杀人犯的。Annika是分析案情的人，不是凶手，故排除D项。从文章中分析，杀
26、人犯不会逍遥法外，他们会把他抓住的，因此排除C；从Bennys death was no accident我们可以排除B。阅读理解- (2011辽宁卷，D)The Coalition for the Homeless is an organization that seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States.It is a network of offices，some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population
27、，and some of which fight for the passing of laws that would give every American the right to a place to call home.According to the Coalitions studies，of over two hundred million people living in the United States，up to three million are homelessand the number is still growing.Since the late 1970s，fa
28、strising house prices，large cuts in government supported housing programs，and economic recession(经济衰退) have made it impossible for many Americans to meet housing costs.Sadly，this has resulted in a number of persons being forced to leave their homes and/or unable to find new affordable homes.Accordin
29、g to another research，families with children appear to be the fastestgrowing part of the homeless population，making up 39% of it.The old idea of a homeless person，that of the single man who gets drunk all the time，is no longer true.A much larger part of the population now finds itself homeless.Even
30、worse，once a person becomes homeless，he often finds it impossible to find a job，since most employers require anyone who wants a job from them to provide a home address on a job application.本文记叙了无家可归者联盟试图帮助解决无家可归人的需要。为他们提供食物和房屋，为他们的权力而战。从二十世纪七十年代以来，由于房价上升，政府支持减少，经济衰退，使无家可归者越来越多，更糟的是，他们找不到工作。17The und
31、erlined word “address” in the first line probably means “_”Atalk about Bdeal withCfight for Dwrite to答案：B。词义猜测题。从下文可知，该联盟提供给无家者食物，房子，即表明该联盟在努力满足和解决无家者的需求。故B项正确。18How many people are homeless in the US.according to the Coalition studies?A39% of the population.B200 million people.CAbout 3 million peop
32、le.DAbout onefifth of the population.答案：C。细节理解题。根据短文第三句话可知，美国有两亿人口，其中有多达三百万人无家可归，且这个数还在上升。19Homeless people often have difficulty finding a job because_.Athey have no home addressesBthey mostly have a drinking problemCthey arent supported by government programsDthey often dont have enough work exper
33、ience答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文最后一句可知，因为大多数雇主要求找工作的人在申请表上填上家庭住址，所以无家可归者发现他们不可能找到工作。20What is the main cause of the rising number of the homeless in the US.?AThe passing of new housing laws.BThe fast growth of family size.CThe slow construction of houses.DThe everrising price of housing.答案：D。细节理解题。根据第四句话可知，从20世
34、纪70年代，房价快速增长，使许多美国人不可能满足住房费用，从而使更多的人无家可归。高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-BIdentifying which jobs put the most stress on American workers is, in itself, a risky business. Everyone knows, for example, that air-traffic controllers have more than their share of white-knuckle day. But stressful jobs are not equally stressf
35、ul to all people. Some air-traffic controllers thrive on the flying circus. Their secret, says Suzane Oouellette, a psychologist at the City University of New York, is hardiness, a balance of feeling committed, challenged and in control in the workplace.Then again, some professions are inarguably to
36、ugh to take. Doctors, lawyers and police officers routinely top suicide lists. And some jobs are plain dangerous: miners have the highest job-fatality rate in the country. Less extreme but much more widespread are the psychological hazards that result from 10 years of corporate downsizing and having
37、 to keep up with the speed and volume of computers. Dr. Rupert. Burtan, a specialist in occupational medicine, says, Many workers have too much dumped on their desks and nor enough time in which to get it all done. That complaint is often made by secretaries, who also make most stressed-out lists.Jo
38、bs that attract idealistic types can sour（使人不愉快的） when the work seems to make little meaningful difference. Besides police officers and lawyers, inner-city teachers and journalists often fall into this category. Doctors, interns and nurses can, too, when the waves of the sick seem endless.Why the re
39、cent wave exhausts basketball coaches? Sports give them tremendous responsibilities but, ultimately, little control. Coaches can only coach; they cant actually run the plays. But if the team loses, they still get fired. Similarly, waiters and waitresses get stiffed on tips if the cook screws up.But
40、experts say the toughest occupation may still be that of working mom. Many women who are bringing home the bacon are still expected to fry and serve it, too. There really are relatively few couples where child care and domestic work are truly shared, says Harriet Lerner, a psychologist at the Mennin
41、ger Clinic. Even unemployed husbands do no more than 36percent of the housework. Now thats a study in high stress and high shame.1. The example of air-traffic controllers is given in Para. 1 to show that .A. its not easy to decide which jobs are stressfulB. nobody wants to be an air-traffic controll
42、erC. they can easily succeed in their careerD. their job is the most dangerous one答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。文章第一段第一句话 “Identifying which jobs put the most stress on American workers is, in itself, a risky business.”是该段的主题句，因此后面的例子air-traffic controllers就是用来证明第一句话，表明“判断哪种工作压力非常大不容易”，故答案为A。2. The underlined wo
43、rd “it” in Para. 2 refers to .A. the working timeB. the speed of computersC. the amount of workD. the size of computers答案解析：答案为C。本题为词义猜测题。结合划线词语的上下文 “ Many workers have too much dumped on their desks and nor enough time in which to get it all done. That complaint is often made by secretaries, who al
44、so make most stressed-out lists.” 可知，办公桌上堆了太多的东西，也没有足够时间去做完，这些抱怨通常来自压力最大的秘书，因此可以推断划线部分的“it”指代的是工作量，故答案为C。3. What makes working mothers have the toughest occupation?A. The housework only.B. The unhappy family life.C. The full-time job.D. Their double roles.答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。由最后一段倒数第二句话 “Even unemploye
45、d husbands do no more than 36percent of the housework.”可知，甚至是不工作的丈夫所做的家务仅仅只有36%，因此上班的妈妈工作最艰难是因为她们比丈夫承担了双倍的责任（64%），故答案为D。4. It can be inferred from the passage that .A. people often lose interest in their jobsB. people tend to choose wrong professionsC. it is easy to find an ideal job in modern timesD. the ideal jobs can turn stressful as well答案解析：答案为D。本题为推理题。全文围绕工作压力展开论述，因此答案为D。A、B、C都不是文章所讨论的，均不选。
