1、江苏省扬州市2020届高三英语下学期第三次模拟考试试题（含解析）第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分 20 分)做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the man going to do?A. Stay inside.B. Look outside.C. Find his umbrella.【答案】A【解析】【原文
2、】W: Looks like rain. Better look for your umbrella.M: Yeah, I think its definitely going to rain. Thats why Im not going out.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why is the man calling?A. To make an appointment.B. To cancel an appointment.C. To change an appointment.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Sorry for calling so late in the d
3、ay.W: Thats OK.M: Good. Im actually calling about my visit. Im afraid Ive just realized I cant make the Wednesday. Can we move the meeting to Thursday?W: OK. Yes, the afternoon is free.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What can we learn about the local weather?A. Its sunny and warm.B. Its cold and cloudy.C. It wi
4、ll change in two weeks.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Ive got a two-week break coming up, and Id like to go somewhere thats hot and sunny.M: Hot and sunny? So youre tired of our weather.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When will the speakers meet?A. On January 30th.B. On January 31st.C. On February 1st.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: So when
5、shall we meet?W: Lets see. My trip begins on the 30th of January. Thats a Monday. How about Tuesday?M: Id prefer the Wednesday.W: OK. That suits me.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the woman probably do?A. Accept the mans offer.B. Walk home.C. Give the man a ride.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Need a ride home?W: Tha
6、nks but my apartment is just around the corner. Besides, I need the fresh air.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What are the speakers talking about?A. A computer.B. An e-mail.C. A mobile
7、 phone.7. What will the woman do next?A. Call the manager.B. Cancel an appointment.C. Get someone to help the man.【答案】6. C 7. C【解析】【原文】W: Im afraid the manager isnt here at the moment.M: Oh, thats a shame, but maybe you could help me. I bought this mobile phone here the other day and I cant seem to
8、get the e-mail function to work properly. I dont know if its me or the phone thats at fault.W: The manager will be back later if you can wait.M: Im sorry, but thats no use to me. I have an urgent appointment to get to this afternoon.W: Well, if you wait a minute, Ill see if I can find someone else t
9、o help you.M: OK.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. Why does the woman say sorry to the man?A. She deleted one of the mans files.B. She made the mans computer broken.C. She saw the mans e-mail without permission.9. What is the mans attitude towards the woman?A. Impatient.B. Friendly.C. Critical.【
10、答案】8. A 9. B【解析】【原文】W: Oh no! Im so sorry, Bill.M: Whats the matter?W: Ive just deleted something by mistake.M: But why are you using my computer?W: Well, mine is broken and I havent taken it to the repair shop. You know I just wanted to send a quick e-mail, so I used yours, and Im really sorry!M: W
11、hat did you delete?W: I dont know, just a file that was open. I thought it was mine. Sorry Bill!M: Oh, never mind. It wasnt important. Dont worry about it.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10. Whats the probable relationship between the woman and Mr Smith?A. Husband and wife.B. Boss and secretary.C
12、. Doctor and patient.11. What does the man ask the woman to do at the beginning?A. Have lunch together.B. Take a message for him.C. Give him Mr Smiths mobile number.12. What will the man do next?A. Wait for a phone call.B. Work at his desk.C. Go to meet Mr Smith.【答案】10. B 11. C 12. A【解析】【原文】W: Hello
13、, Mr Smiths office.M: Oh, hello. Could I speak to Mike Smith, please?W: Im afraid hes not at his desk at the moment. I think hes gone out to lunch. Hell be back in about half an hour. Shall I get him to call you as soon as he comes back? Or do you want to leave a message?M: Actually, could you possi
14、bly give me his mobile number? Its quite urgent.W: Im really sorry, but I am not allowed to.M: Is there any chance of you ringing him for me and asking him to call me back?W: Certainly, I can do that for you. Could I have your name, please?M: Yes, its Sam Dalgamo.W: OK, Sam. Ill ring him straight aw
15、ay. Goodbye.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. What do the customers think of the fitness equipment in the hotels?A. Satisfying.B. Disappointing.C. Up-to-date.14. How many hotels does the woman mention?A. Three.B. Eight.C. Eleven.15. Where is the woman?A. In Florence.B. In Zurich.C. In Bern.16.
16、What will the speakers do next?A. Budget the cost.B. Fix a time for a meeting.C. Look around the fitness rooms.【答案】13. B 14. C 15. C 16. B【解析】【原文】W: Im calling for some information. Id like to find out about your services for hotels.M: OK. Can you tell me a little more? What type of hotels?W: Well,
17、a chain of four-and five-star hotels. Were based in Switzerland, but on your website you dont have an operator in Switzerland, so I thought Italy was the nearest.M: Thats right, yes. We are in Florence.W: Good. Well, were interested in updating our current fitness rooms for guests. Our current equip
18、ments rather out of date and our customers often comment on this.M: OK. How many hotels are we talking about?W: We currently have eight hotels with fitness equipment, and three others that need it.M: And what budget do you have for this?W: Thats difficult to say, actually. Would it be possible for s
19、omeone to come and have a look?M: Yes, of course. Actually, were coming to Switzerland next month. We already have a customer in Zurich. Is that near you?W: Not too far. Im in Bern. Its only a couple of hours away.M: Fine. Can we arrange a meeting then?W: Sure. Lets see听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件
20、查看】17. Who are the listeners?A. Parents.B. Students.C. Teachers.18. Where is the speaker?A. In the school hall.B. In the student health center.C. In the international student office.19. How can the listeners get the information about the procedures?A. From the speaker.B. From a doctor.C. From a hand
21、book.20. What does the speaker suggest the listeners do in the end?A. Get some travel medicine.B. Offer their medical history to the doctor.C. Make an early appointment with the specialist.【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C【解析】【原文】Hello, there. Good afternoon! Thank you for your finding the time in your bu
22、sy schedules to come to the international student offices first meeting for students going abroad, to South America next autumn. By the way, if you havent already signed next to your name on our attendance lists - theyre on the table at the entrance to the school hall - be sure to do it on your way
23、out. Remember, this meeting is a must for you, so you need to make sure we know that youre here.All right, to begin, were going to be talking about health, and specifically the procedures that you have to go through in order to get your student visas for your host country. For all of you, this will
24、include gathering health information, such as proof from your doctors that youre not suffering from any serious diseases that may pass to others. All the information that each of you will need can be found in your host country handbook that you received when you were accepted into the program.Also,
25、each one of you is required to meet with a doctor at the student health center who is specialized in travel medicine. The health center can give you information about appointment times, but be sure to book your appointment early, because the specialist is only at the health center at certain times.
26、To have the benefit, you should have your meeting at least 4-6 weeks before your trip.第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节, 满分35分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题, 从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.The government calls on us to avoid visiting crowded areas and medical institutions _ it is necessary.A. whil
27、eB. becauseC. unlessD. when【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：政府呼吁我们避免访问拥挤的地区和医疗机构，除非有必要。A. while然而，当时候；B. because因为；C. unless除非；D. when当时候。由语境可知，it is necessary表条件，所以用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C项。22.Who is Chinas first UFC champion?It is Zhang Weili _ opponent, Jessica Andrade, was knocked out by her within just 42 s
28、econds.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. whose【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：谁是中国第一个UFC（无限制格斗）冠军？是张伟丽，张伟丽的对手杰西卡安德拉德在42秒内被她击倒。名词Zhang Weili后接一个定语从句，先行词是Zhang Weili，指人，在从句中做名词opponent的定语，所以用关系代词whose。故选D项。【点睛】定语从句指的是用一个句子来充当定语，修饰限定一个名词或代词，基本结构“名词/代词+关系代词/副词+从句”。分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。如果这个从句基本结构不完整，其
29、中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词（that/who/whom/whose/which）；如果从句基本结构完整，缺少状语，就需要用关系副词（when/where/why）来连接。如本题中，先行词Zhang Weili后接一个定语从句，先行词在从句中做名词opponent的定语，所以用关系代词whose。故选D项。23.A painting by Vincent Van Gogh was stolen on _ would have been the Dutch masters 167th birthday.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. which【答案】C【解析】【
30、详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：文森特梵高的一幅画在这位荷兰大师诞辰167年时被盗。介词on后面接了一个宾语从句，宾语从句缺乏引导词，引导词在从句中作主语，所以用what。故选C项。24.Fortune China released a ranking of business leaders in 2020, Jack Ma, founder of Alibaba, _ the list with outstanding leadership.A. toppingB. toppedC. to topD. having topped【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：财富中国版发布了2
31、020年商界领袖排行榜，阿里巴巴创始人马云（Jack Ma）以卓越的领导力高居榜首。分析句子可知，此处是独立主格结构，Jack Ma与top是主动关系，所以用现在分词（doing）表主动。故选A项。25.Havent you handed in your composition yet?Yes. I _ on it for twenty five minutes.A. will workB. am workingC. would workD. worked【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：你还没交作文吗？交了。我做了25分钟。由答语语境可知，空处的动作在说话时已经结束，所以时态用一般过
32、去时。故选D项。26.The Dutch government has announced it will stop using the name Holland _ its official name the Netherlands.A. in favor ofB. regardless ofC. in spite ofD. instead of【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：荷兰政府宣布，将停止使用Holland这个名字，改为Netherlands这个官方名称。A. in favor of（舍弃某物）宁愿选择、选（而不选）、赞成；B. regardless of忽视；C.
33、 in spite of尽管；D. instead of代替。由语境可知，此处指选择Netherlands这个官方名称而不选Holland这个名字。故选A项。27.Why do you care about him so much?You _ him when he first came out it was so sad.A. would have seenB. should have seenC. might have seenD. could have seen【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你为什么这么关心他？你真应该看看他第一次出现时的样子，真是太伤感了。should
34、have done（过去本应该做某事却未做），表达一种责备或内疚的语气；由语境可知，此处指说话的一方指责另一方，过去本应该做却未做的事，即“真应该看看他第一次出现时的样子”。故选B项。28.Its widely acknowledged that reading printed texts is no _ for personal discussion with a great thinker.A. substituteB. subjectC. submissionD. substance【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为，阅读印刷文本远无法替代与伟大的思想家面对面
35、探讨。A. substitute代替物、替代；B. subject主题、学科；C. submission服从、提交；D. substance物质、事实基础。固定搭配be no substitute for sth.，意为“无法替代某物”；由语境可知，此处指阅读印刷文本无法替代与伟大思想家的面对面讨论。故选A项。29.Some countries could have been better prepared to fight the virus. Their leaders, _, resisted calls for strict measures to contain it initial
36、ly.A. otherwiseB. besidesC. thoughD. thus【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一些国家本可以更好地做好抗击病毒的准备。然而，他们的领导人拒绝了最初要求采取严格措施遏制病毒的呼吁。A. otherwise否则；B. besides除之外（还有）；C. though然而、可是；D. thus因此。由语境可知，“一些国家本可以更好地做好抗击病毒的准备”和“他们的领导人拒绝了最初要求采取严格措施遏制病毒的呼吁”，表转折，所以用副词though。故选C项。30.Over 1,000 elephants face starvation in Thail
37、and because the coronavirus crisis has _ revenues from tourism.A. cut downB. put downC. break downD. pull down【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在泰国，超过1000头大象面临饥饿，因为冠状病毒危机减少了旅游业的收入。A. cut down削减、砍倒；B. put down放下、镇压；C. break down出故障、失败；D. pull down拆毁、扫兴。由语境可知，此处指由于冠状病毒危机，旅游业收入减少，超过1000头大象面临饥饿。故选A项。31._ to buil
38、ding a community with a shared future for mankind is China, which has provided generous support and assistance.A. DedicatingB. DedicatedC. Being dedicatedD. Having dedicated【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查倒装。句意：致力于建设人类命运共同体的是中国，中国提供了慷慨的支持和帮助。be dedicated to doing sth.（致力于做某事），此句是倒装句，正常语序是China, which has provided ge
39、nerous support and assistance, is dedicated to building a community with a shared future for mankind，此处表语dedicated放句首，构成全部倒装。故选B项。32.The entire country was _ with grief for the eighteen firefighters and one guide who were killed in Liangshan mountain fire.A. accumulatedB. distributedC. spoiledD. ove
40、rcome【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凉山大火中18名消防队员和1名向导遇难，举国悲痛。A. accumulated积累；B. distributed分配；C. spoiled破坏 ；D. overcome受到的极大影响、克服。由语境可知，此处指全国因凉山大火中的遇难人员而处于悲痛之中（为悲痛所压倒了），be overcome with（为压倒/制服）。故选D项。33.The president must have received the result of medical research by the time the disease spread widely,
41、_?A hasnt heB. mustnt heC. hadnt heD. didnt he【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：当疾病广泛传播时，总统一定已经收到了医学研究的结果，不是吗？当情态动词can/may/should/must等在句中表推测语气时，反意疑问部分应根据实义动词的实际发生时间来构成；此处动词receive发生在从句谓语动词spread之前，表示“过去的过去”（过去完成时had done），所以反意疑问部分用hadnt he。故选C项。34.Gosh, I feel I have messed up my whole life.Cheer up. Things
42、will _.A. hold outB. work outC. stand outD. set out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：天哪，我觉得我把我的一生都搞砸了。振作起来。事情会解决的。A. hold out维持、提供机会；B. work out得到解决方法、进展顺利；C. stand out突出；D. set out出发。由语境可知，说话的一方说自己把一生都搞砸了，说话的另一方安慰他，事情会解决的/进展顺利。故选B项。35.Some teenagers have independent tastes, but most tend to _.A. lose their
43、headsB. spill the beansC. swim with the tideD. mend their ways【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查习语。句意：有些青少年有独立的爱好，但大多数人倾向于随波逐流。A. lose their heads失去理智；B. spill the beans泄露秘密；C. swim with the tide随波逐流；D. mend their ways改邪归正。but表转折，前后语意相反，前句提及有些青少年有独立的爱好，所以后句大多数人倾向于随波逐流，符合语境。故选C项。第二节:完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分, 满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文, 从
44、短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A pair of silk stockingsLittle Missus Sommers one day found that she had already saved fifty dollars. It seemed to her a very large amount of money.The question of investment was one she _36_ carefully. A dollar or two could be _37_ to the price she usually
45、paid for her daughter Janies shoes. This would guarantee they would _38_ a great deal longer than usual. She would buy cloth for new shirts for the boys. And still there would be enough left for new stockings two pairs per child. What time that would save her in always _39_ old stockings!But that da
46、y she was tired and a little bit weak. Between getting the children fed and the house cleaned, and preparing herself to go shopping, she had _40_ to eat at all!When she arrived at the large department store, she sat in front of an empty counter. She was trying to gather _41_ and courage to push thro
47、ugh a mass of busy _42_. She rested her hand upon the counter.She wore no gloves. She slowly grew aware that her hand had felt something very _43_ to touch. She looked down to see that her hand lay upon a pile of silk _44_. A young salesgirl who stood behind the _45_ asked her if she wished to _46_
48、the silky leg coverings.She smiled as if she had been asked to inspect diamond jewelry with the aim of _47_ it. But she went on feeling the soft, _48_ items. Now she used both hands, holding the stockings up to see the light shine _49_ them.Two red marks suddenly showed on her pale face.She thought
49、to herself, “Why not live for myself once?”She looked up at the salesgirl. “Well, I will _50_ this pair.” she said.Missus Sommers then walked into the ladies rest area. In an empty corner, she _51_ her cotton stockings with the new silk ones.For the first time she seemed to be taking a _52_ from the
50、 tiring act of considering her family. She had let herself be _53_ by some machine like force directing her actions. But this time she decided to free herself of _54_.Then she put her shoes back on and put her old stockings into her bag. Next, she went to the shoe department, sat down and waited to
51、be _55_.36. A. resistedB. consideredC. describedD. underwent37. A. spentB. withdrawnC. droppedD. added38. A. lastB. extendC. showD. dress39. A. pickingB. washingC. packingD. repairing40. A. refusedB. forgottenC. regrettedD. planned41. A. confidenceB. informationC. respectD. strength42. A. shoppersB.
52、 sellersC. agentsD. guards43. A. roughB. deliciousC. pleasantD. pretty44. A. handkerchiefsB. shirtsC. stockingsD. shoes45. A. counterB. crowdC. elevatorD. window46. A. seeB. witnessC. investigateD. examine47. A. purchasingB. sellingC. producingD. designing48. A. ordinaryB. abnormalC. costlyD. simple
53、49. A. beyondB. throughC. betweenD. upon50. A. returnB. buyC. presentD. consume51. A. soldB. exchangedC. submittedD. replaced52. A. restB. walkC. lookD. sigh53. A. thrownB. squeezedC. controlledD. comforted54. A. debtB. dreamC. appointmentD. responsibility55. A. fittedB. employedC. consultedD. promo
54、ted【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. D 42. A 43. C 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，贫寒的家庭主妇Missus Sommers在有了一笔对她来说相当大的储蓄之后的思想变化。起初，她和往常一样，打算把这笔钱用于给孩子们添补衣物，可是当她走进商场看见她自己特别想要的丝袜的时候，她决定为自己活一次，让自己从繁重的家庭责任中暂时地解脱出来，于是她买下自己想要的丝袜，并且还要给自己选一双新鞋。【36题详
55、解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：投资问题是她仔细考虑过的问题。A. resisted抵制；B. considered考虑；C. described描述；D. underwent经历。由后文可知，Sommers在心理盘算可以将这些钱用来买哪些东西，说明她考虑了钱的投资（使用）问题。故选B项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常她会为女儿珍妮买鞋的价格上加上一两美元。A. spent花费、度过；B. withdrawn取款、 撤回；C. dropped掉落；D. added增加。由下文可知，多花钱买鞋会让鞋子更耐穿，说明是加上一两美元。故选D项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就保证了它
56、们比平时要更耐穿。A. last持久、持续；B. extend扩展；C. show展示；D. dress穿。由语境可知，此处指多花钱买鞋会让鞋子更耐穿/鞋子比平常（穿地）更持久。故选A项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那将会为她节省多少补袜子的时间啊！A. picking挑选；B. washing洗；C. packing打包；D. repairing修补。由常识可知，旧袜子破了要修补（很费时间），洗旧袜子并不费时间。故选D项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从给孩子们喂饭到打扫屋子，再到准备去购物，她都忘了吃饭！A. refused拒绝；B. forgotten忘记；C. reg
57、retted后悔；D. planned计划。由Between getting the children fed and the house cleaned, and preparing herself to go shopping可知，此处指Sommers忙地忘记了吃饭。故选B项。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她正努力恢复体力和勇气，挤过一大群忙碌的购物者。A. confidence信心；B. information信息；C. respect尊敬；D. strength体力、力量。由上文的But that day she was tired and a little bit weak可
58、知，Sommers很虚弱，所以要恢复一下体力。故选D项。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她正努力恢复体力和勇气，挤过一大群忙碌的购物者。A. shoppers购物者；B. sellers卖家；C. agents代理人；D. guards保安。由上文的she arrived at the large department store可知，Sommers在商场，所以是挤过一大群忙碌的购物者。故选A项。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她慢慢地意识到自己的手摸到了一些触感令人愉快的东西。A. rough粗超的；B. delicious美味的；C. pleasant令人愉快的；D. pre
59、tty（视觉上）漂亮的。由下文的her hand lay upon a pile of silk可知，她摸到的是丝绸，丝绸的质感会让人愉快。故选C项。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她低头一看，发现她的手放在一堆丝质袜子上。A. handkerchiefs手帕；B. shirts衬衫；C. stockings长筒袜；D. shoes鞋子。由下文的the silky leg coverings可知，此处指的是丝质袜子。故选C项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个站在柜台后面的年轻女售货员问她是否想仔细看一下这些丝质袜子。A. counter柜台；B. crowd人群；C. elev
60、ator电梯；D. window窗户。由上文可知，丝绸袜放在柜台上，所以salesgirl应站在柜台后面。故选A项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个站在柜台后面的年轻女售货员问她是否想仔细看一下这些丝质袜子。A. see看见；B. witness目睹；C. investigate调查；D. examine仔细查看、检查。由常识可知，售货员看见顾客，会问顾客是否想要仔细看一下商品。故选D项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她笑了笑，好像她是带着购买的意图被邀请来检查钻石首饰的。A. purchasing购买；B. selling卖；C. producing生产；D. design
61、ing设计。由语境可知，作为一位顾客，Sommers好像带着购买的意图。故选A项。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是她继续感觉到那些柔软昂贵的东西。A. ordinary普通的；B. abnormal异常的；C. costly昂贵的；D. simple简单的。由上文的as if she had been asked to inspect diamond jewelry可知，Sommers看丝袜就像在看钻石，说明在她眼里，这些丝袜很昂贵。故选C项。【49题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：现在她用两只手，把袜子举起来，看穿进里面的光线。A. beyond超过；B. through穿过；C.
62、 between在之间；D. upon在上面。由常识可知，丝袜是透明的，光可以穿透它们，所以用介词through。故选B项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“好吧，我会买这双的。”她说。A. return回去；B. buy买；C. present展示、提交；D. consume消费。由下文语境可知，Sommers买下了这双丝袜。故选B项。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个空荡荡的角落里，她用新的丝袜代替了她的棉袜。A. sold卖；B. exchanged交换；C. submitted提交；D. replaced代替。由下文的put her old stockings into
63、 her bag可知，Sommers穿上了新丝袜，所以用新的丝袜代替了她的旧棉袜。故选D项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她似乎第一次从考虑家庭的累人行为中得到了休息。A. rest休息；B. walk走路；C. look看；D. sigh叹气。由下文的from the tiring act of considering her family可知，Sommers得到了休息。故选A项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她任由某种机器般的力量控制自己的行动。A. thrown扔；B. squeezed挤压；C. controlled控制；D. comforted安慰。由下文的some
64、machine-like force directing her actions可知，Sommers让自己被控制了。故选C项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这次她决定从责任中解放出来。A. debt负债；B. dream梦想；C. appointment约会；D. responsibility责任。由上文的considering her family可知，Sommers一直负责地为家人考虑，但这次从责任中解放出来。故选D项。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她去了鞋店，坐下来等着试鞋。A. fitted试穿；B. employed利用；C. consulted咨询；D. p
65、romoted提高。由上文可知，Sommers决定为自己活一次，她去鞋店是为了买鞋，所以坐下来是为了试穿鞋子。故选A项。第三部分: 阅读理解(共15 小题； 每小题2 分, 满分30 分)请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATHE MUSTHAVE SPRING FLUSH (红晕)If you buy one new makeup item this spring, make it a color-packed (but still mixable!) cream red, like one of the new v
66、ersions from CoverGirl and Maybelline. Whenever you wear it, coworkers will come over to your desk and say things like “Your skin looks great!” and “You look so happy!” That might make you wonder, “What do I usually look like?” But itll also inspire you to wear a cheery pop of color on your cheeks f
67、or the next three months straight.THE TREND FERMENTED EXTRACTS (发酵精华)Fermentation isnt new the process of preserving natural components has been around for a thousand years but its popularity in the beauty world is just starting to bloom. And for good reason: Many fermented components have promising
68、 skin benefits. Este Lauders brightening treatment features ferment, which fades dark spots and make skin look more toned. The updated version of La Mers famous eye cream has a fermented complex that improves dark circles and fine lines.THE GADGET HAIR BRUSHStraightening your own hair is about to ge
69、t a lot easier. Powered by electricity, this brushs heated edges help you get close to the scalp (头皮) (great for short hair), and you dont need a separate brush or comb, and it stays at the exact temperature you choose so you dont overheat (read: damage) your hair. The result: Smooth hair is officia
70、lly just a brush away.LIPSTICKS BUILT TO LAST HERMS LIPSTICKSWho says an object cant be environmentally sound? The first try by Herms into the world of makeup is a responsible one: Rouge Herms, its new line of lipsticks.56. If you have dark spots on your cheeks, which of the following can you choose
71、 according to the passage?A. The products from Maybelline.B. The products from Rouge Herms.C. The products from La Mer.D. The products from Este Lauder.57. During a power failure, which of the following may be of less use according to the passage?A. SPRING FLUSH.B. FERMENTED EXTRACTS.C. HAIR BRUSH.D
72、. HERMS LIPSTICKS.【答案】56. D 57. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了常见的美颜产品。【56题详解】细节理解题。由题干关键词dark spots可将答案定位于第二段。由第二段中的“Este Lauders brightening treatment features ferment, which fades dark spots and make skin look more toned.”（雅诗兰黛的提亮治疗特色是酵素，它能淡化黑斑，使皮肤看起来更加有光泽。），可知如果脸上有黑斑，可以用雅诗兰黛产品。故选D项。【57题详解】细节理解题。由题干关键词a p
73、ower failure可将答案定位于第三段。由第三段中的“Powered by electricity, this brushs heated edges help you get close to the scalp (头皮) (great for short hair), and you dont need a separate brush or comb, and it stays at the exact temperature you choose so you dont overheat (read: damage) your hair.”（这款梳子由电驱动，加热的边缘可以帮助你
74、接近头皮（适合短发），而且你不需要单独的梳子，它会保持在你选择的准确温度，这样你就不会过热（损坏）你的头发。），可知THE GADGET-HAIR BRUSH这种产品需要电保持恒温，才能充分发挥这种梳子的用途，没电就没用。故选C项。【点睛】在高考中，细节理解题为频繁常考题型，集中考查文中细节。在做此类题型时，同学们可以先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读和查阅技巧迅速在文中找到这一细节，把这部分内容仔细读一遍，比较所给选项与文中细节的细微差别。如在第1小题中，分析问题，得到关键词dark spots，迅速定位到第二段，找到句子“Este Lauders brightening tre
75、atment features ferment, which fades dark spots and make skin look more toned.”可知，如果脸上有黑斑，可以用雅诗兰黛产品。故选D项。BThose extra pounds should be avoided at all costs, right? Actually, while being overweight isnt generally good for our health, not all fat is created equal some may even be beneficial.There are
76、two major kinds of body fat. White fat, the most abundant type, is what you feel when you squeeze your midsection. Brown fat, found mainly in the neck region, burns energy rather than storing it the way white fat does. Brown fat may also help avoid diabetes. According to a study in Cell Metabolism,
77、individuals with higher amounts of brown fat had smaller changes in blood sugar and thus a reduced risk of developing diabetes. Infants have high levels of brown fat, which helps regulate their body temperature. Sadly, we lose it as we age, and adults have only small amounts.Adults can increase brow
78、n fat by exposing themselves to cold temperatures. In a recent study, people who slept in a mildly cold room (about 66 degrees F) increased the amount and activity of their brown fat by up to 40 percent. Sleeping in mild warmth (81 degrees F), however, decreased their amount of brown fat. Cold showe
79、rs dont seem to affect it.Brown fat does have its drawbacks. Radiologists dont like it, because the heat it causes makes it harder for body scans to detect activities in patients. Although theres no firm evidence that any specific foods or nutrients can activate brown fat, radiologists routinely rec
80、ommend that patients eat a high-fat, low-carb diet before scans on the grounds that this reduces brown fat activation.Just as brown fat isnt perfect, neither is white fat all bad. Even though people tend to hate it, white fat delivers important health benefits. It protects our vital organs, helps ke
81、ep us warm, and stores calories for later use, keeping us from starving when food is scarce.White fat can sometimes be turned into brown its then called beige or brite (“brown in white”) fat. Like brown fat, beige fat burns energy and can thus help fight against obesity. Scientists are still trying
82、to figure out how the change happens; one study points to a hormone called irisin, which our muscles produce when we exercise.Fat cells sensitivity to temperature changes means theres more than one way we can get rid of unwanted fat. Cooling treatments, for instance, freeze fat cells to death. The b
83、ody removes these damaged cells over several months.58. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “midsection” in the second paragraph?A. Leg.B. Arm.C. Wrist.D. Waist.59. Generally speaking, who have a larger proportion of brown fat?A. Babies.B. Senior people.C. Fat people.D. Thin peopl
84、e.60. The following kinds of fat can help people fight against obesity EXCEPT _.A. Beige fat.B. Brite fat.C. White fat.D. Brown fat.【答案】58. D 59. A 60. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了白色脂肪和棕色脂肪的好处与坏处。【58题详解】词义猜测题。由第二段中的“White fat, the most abundant type, is what you feel when you squeeze your midsection. Brow
85、n fat, found mainly in the neck region, burns energy rather than storing it the way white fat does.”（白色脂肪，最丰富的类型，是你感觉当你挤压你的腰部。棕色脂肪，主要存在于颈部，燃烧能量，而不是像白色脂肪那样储存能量。），可知腰上的肉最多，能储存脂肪，所以midsection在此处意为“腰部”。故选D项。59题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Infants have high levels of brown fat, which helps regulate their body tempera
86、ture. Sadly, we lose it as we age, and adults have only small amounts.”（婴儿体内棕色脂肪含量高，有助于调节体温。可悲的是，随着年龄的增长，我们会失去它，而成年人只有很少的一部分。），可知婴儿有高比例的棕色脂肪。故选A项。【60题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Brown fat, found mainly in the neck region, burns energy rather than storing it the way white fat does.”（棕色脂肪，主要存在于颈部，燃烧能量，而不是像白色脂肪那样储
87、存能量。），和倒数第二段中的“White fat can sometimes be turned into brown its then called beige or brite (“brown in white”) fat. Like brown fat, beige fat burns energy and can thus help fight against obesity.”（白色脂肪有时会变成棕色，然后被称为米色或brite（“棕色带着白色”）脂肪。和棕色脂肪一样，米色脂肪燃烧能量，因此有助于对抗肥胖。），可知brown fat、beige or brite fat有助于燃烧能量
88、并抵制疾病。故选C项。【点睛】词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中必考的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。做这种类型的技巧之一：要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义，即有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，上文或下文接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。如在第1小题中，画线单词midsection的上下文语境，即第二段中的“White fat, the most abundant type, is what yo
89、u feel when you squeeze your midsection. Brown fat, found mainly in the neck region, burns energy rather than storing it the way white fat does.”（白色脂肪，最丰富的类型，是你感觉当你挤压你的腰部。棕色脂肪，主要存在于颈部，燃烧能量，而不是像白色脂肪那样储存能量。），根据上下文语境可猜测出腰上的肉最多，能储存脂肪，所以midsection在此处意为“腰部”。故选D项。CEvery Morning, Breanna Roque goes out to t
90、he farm to feed the cows. But this isnt your typical farm; its a laboratory, and Roque is a graduate researcher at the University of California, Davis. Shes been spending her time among the cows to see if she can adjust their diets so they burp (打嗝) less. The cows special diet includes small parts o
91、f a red seaweed. It contains a chemical combination, which prevents the production of CH4 during the cows digestion. Less CH4 means less burping. And less burping could mean slowing down climate change globally.Although agriculture accounts for a smaller percentage of total greenhouse gas production
92、 than sectors like transportation and energy, it produces more CH4, which warms the Earth up to 86 times as much as CO2. When cows eat, they burp food back up, producing CH4 as a byproduct. Researchers across the globe have been pursuing the idea that adding substances to feed might help reduce thes
93、e CH4 -loaded burps. But it wasnt until 2016 that researchers in Australia found that grass feed of 2 percent seaweed could cut CH4 productions by nearly 99 percent. In 2019, Roques team published the results of a similar study: They cut CH4 production 95 percent by adding to a typical U.S. dairy co
94、w diet with just 5 percent seaweed. But questions remained about the seaweeds effectiveness in actual cow stomachs.So more researchers headed to the farm. They found that a diet of just 0.5 percent seaweed led to a 26-percent decrease in CH4. A 1-percent seaweed diet produced 67 percent less CH4. Fu
95、rther research is needed to fully understand why this seaweed in particular works best and to see if adding seaweed to cows diets will affect the quality of the products coming from the animals. In the future, theyll run trials to see if seaweed gives cows milk an unpleasant taste or leaves steaks s
96、melling of seafood.Researchers still need to ensure the seaweed combination, which is sensitive to heat and light, will be shelf-stable and remain effective in real-world applications. And even if the seaweed succeeds, CH4 from cattle account for just 5 percent of greenhouse gas production in the U.
97、S., so the overall picture wont improve much.Still, last August, researchers at the University of the Sunshine Coast in Queensland, Australia, announced they would be trying to find ways to farm the seaweed on a large-enough scale to break into the cattle feed market. Roque says shes regularly conta
98、cted by annoying businessmen who want her help to mass produce the seaweed for global animal consumption. “People reach out to me all the time,” she says. “Unfortunately, Im an animal biologist and not a sea biologist.”61. What is the purpose of Roques research?A. To reduce global warming through co
99、w feed.B. To enrich cattle diets with a special seaweed.C. To make food digestible in cows stomachs.D. To reduce CH4 in the production of seaweed.62. According to Paragraph 2, the 2016 and 2019 studies were imperfect as they failed to find out _.A. why CH4 was more harmful than CO2 in climate change
100、B which seaweed worked best in cutting CH4 productionC. whether seaweed would work in practical cow feedingD. what was the right proportion of seaweed in cows diets63. Future research will probably not deal with _.A. how to grow seaweed on farmland economicallyB. how to bring out the best function o
101、f the seaweedC. how to prevent beef and milk from tasting weirdD. how to lengthen the store time of seaweed feed64. Roques response to the businessmen indicates that _.A. she regrets not having studied seaweedsB. she is willing to offer more help to themC. she is negative about the cow feed marketD.
102、 she is not interested in farming seaweed【答案】61. A 62. C 63. A 64. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，研究人员通过在奶牛饮食中加入海藻来减少奶牛消化过程中产生的CH4，来避免奶牛打嗝，这样可以减缓全球气候变化，但研究人员仍需确保这种对光和热敏感的海藻组合在实际应用中保持货架稳定性和有效性，才能批量生产海藻供全球动物食用。【61题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“It contains a chemical combination, which prevents the production of CH4 during
103、the cows digestion. Less CH4 means less burping. And less burping could mean slowing down climate change globally.”（它含有一种化学混合物，可以防止奶牛消化过程中产生CH4。少CH4意味着少打嗝。减少打嗝可能意味着减缓全球气候变化。），可推断出Roque研究的目的是为了通过减少奶牛打嗝来达到减缓全球气候变化的目的。故选A项。【62题详解】细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“But questions remained about the seaweeds effectiveness in
104、 actual cow stomachs.”（但关于海藻在实际的牛胃中的有效性仍然存在疑问。），可知2016和2019两个研究属于实验室理论研究，未在实践中开展，也不知其中效果，所以两个实验不完美是因为还未发现海藻能否在实际的奶牛饲养中发挥作用。故选C项。【63题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Further research is needed to fully understand why this seaweed in particular works best and to see if adding seaweed to cows diets will affect the qual
105、ity of the products coming from the animals.”（未来研究需要充分理解为什么这种海藻特别有效，并观察在奶牛的饮食中添加海藻是否会影响来自动物的产品质量。），排除B项；由第三段中的“In the future, theyll run trials to see if seaweed gives cows milk an unpleasant taste or leaves steaks smelling of seafood.”（在未来，他们将进行试验，看看海藻是否会让牛奶尝起来不舒服，或者让牛排闻起来有海鲜味。），排除C项；第四段中的“Research
106、ers still need to ensure the seaweed combination, which is sensitive to heat and light, will be shelf-stable and remain effective in real-world applications.”（研究人员仍需确保这种对光和热敏感的海藻组合在实际应用中保持货架稳定性和有效性。），排除D项；可知未提及A项，所以未来研究可能不会研究如何经济地在农田种植海藻。故选A项。【64题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Roque says shes regularly contacted
107、by annoying businessmen who want her help to mass produce the seaweed for global animal consumption. “People reach out to me all the time,” she says. “Unfortunately, Im an animal biologist and not a sea biologist.”（罗克说，她经常与一些恼人的商人联系，他们希望她帮忙批量生产海藻，供全球动物食用。她说：“人们总是向我伸出援手。“不幸的是，我是动物生物学家，不是海洋生物学家。”），可推断
108、出Roque对种植海藻没兴趣。故选D项。【点睛】推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。如在第4小题中，最后一段中的“Roque says shes regularly contacted by annoying businessmen who want her help to
109、 mass produce the seaweed for global animal consumption. “People reach out to me all the time,” she says. “Unfortunately, Im an animal biologist and not a sea biologist.”，是已知部分，通过结合原文进行合理地逻辑判断，可推断出Roque对种植海藻没兴趣。故选D项。DWe were five minutes into a severe winter storm approaching Bostons Logan Internati
110、onal Airport when I turned to the woman next to me and said, “Hey, would you mind chatting with me for a few minutes?” My seatmate seemed friendly and I suddenly felt desperate for a human connection.“Sure. My name is Sue,” the woman replied, smiling warmly. “What brings you to Boston?” I started to
111、 explain that I was on a business trip. Then the plane trembled violently, and I blurted out, “I might need to hold your hand too.” Sue took my hand in both of hers, patted it, and held on tight.Sometimes a stranger can significantly improve our day. A pleasant meeting with someone we dont know, eve
112、n an unspoken exchange, can calm us when no one else is around. It may get us out of our own heads a proven mood lifter and help broaden our vision. Sandstrom, a psychologist and senior lecturer at the University of Essex, has found that peoples moods improve after they have a conversation with a st
113、ranger. And yet most of us resist talking to people we dont know or barely know. We worry about how to start, maintain, or stop it. We think we will keep talking and disclose too much, or not talk enough. We are afraid we will bore the other person. Were typically wrong. In a study in which Sandstro
114、m asked participants to talk to at least one stranger a day for five days, 99 percent said they had found at least one of the exchanges pleasantly surprising, 82 percent said theyd learned something from one of the strangers, 43 percent had exchanged contact information, and 40 percent had communica
115、ted with one of the strangers again. Multiple studies show that people who interact regularly with passing acquaintances or who engage with others through community groups, religious gatherings, or volunteer opportunities have better emotional and physical health and live longer than those who do no
116、t. One person took up the cello after chatting with a woman on the subway who was carrying one. Another recalled how the smile of a fruit salesman from whom he regularly bought bananas made him feel less lonely after hed first arrived in a new city. When Sue took my hand on that scary flight to Bost
117、on, I almost wept with relief. “Hey, this is a little bumpy, but we will be on the ground safely soon,” she told me. She looked so encouraging, and confident. I asked her what she did for a living. “Im a retired physical education teacher, and I coached womens volleyball,” she said. Immediately, I c
118、ould see what an awesome coach she must have been.When we said goodbye, I gave Sue a big hug and my card. A few days later, I received an e-mail with the subject line “Broken hand on Jet Blue.” “I have to admit that I was just as scared as you were but did not say it,” Sue wrote. “I just squeezed yo
119、ur hand as hard as I could. Thank you for helping me through this very scary situation.” She added that when shed told her friends about our conversation, they teased her because they know she loves to talk. I told my friends about Sue too. I explained how kind she was to me, and what I learned: Its
120、 OK to ask for help from a stranger if you need it. Now if I mention to my friends that I am stressed or worried, they respond, “Just think of Sue!”65. The writer struck up a conversation with her seatmate because _.A. they were heading for the same city on businessB. she was in urgent need of emoti
121、onal comfortC the planes abrupt movement was unbearableD. the woman was friendlier than other passengers66. What benefit does a pleasant exchange with strangers bring us?A. It lights up our otherwise unsuccessful life.B. It saves us the trouble of talking too much.C. It improves our ability to think
122、 and understandD. It guarantees us a lasting feeling of happiness.67. Why does the writer mention the study conducted by Sandstrom?A. To present the benefits of interacting with acquaintances.B. To show it lifts mood to make and meet with new friends.C. To stress it is necessary to associate with un
123、known people.D. To relieve anxiety about communicating with strangers.68. The sentence “You dont even have to talk to complete strangers to obtain the benefit” can be put in _.A. B. C. D. 69. What does the underlined sentence imply?A. The writer was impressed with Sues ability to inspire others.B. T
124、he writer herself could have been a volleyball player.C. Sue possessed obvious characters of a qualified PE teacher.D. Sue became the coach of the writer as a consequence.70. How did the writer probably feel while reading Sues email?A. Regretful.B. Surprised.C. Disappointed.D. Satisfied.【答案】65. B 66
125、. C 67. D 68. C 69. A 70. B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者用自己在飞机上和陌生人交流的一次经历，告诉读者，和陌生人交流互动有助于改善我们的生活。【65题详解】推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“When Sue took my hand on that scary flight to Boston, I almost wept with relief. “Hey, this is a little bumpy, but we will be on the ground safely soon,” she told me.”（当苏拉着我的手坐上那架飞往波士顿的恐怖航
126、班时，我几乎松了一口气。“嘿，这有点颠簸，但我们很快就会安全着陆，”她告诉我。），可知作者当时身处颠簸的飞机上，内心害怕焦虑，和他人交谈是为了放松自己的情绪。故选B项。【66题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“A pleasant meeting with someone we dont know, even an unspoken exchange, can calm us when no one else is around. It may get us out of our own heads a proven mood lifter and help broaden our vision
127、.”（与一个我们不认识的人愉快的会面，甚至是一次默契的交流，都能让我们在别人不在的时候平静下来。它它可以让我们跳出自己的思维模式一个被证明的情绪提振剂并有助于扩大我们的视野。），可知与陌生人愉快的交流可以提高我们思考和理解的能力。故选C项。【67题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的“And yet most of us resist talking to people we dont know or barely know. We worry about how to start, maintain, or stop it. We think we will keep talking and di
128、sclose too much, or not talk enough. We are afraid we will bore the other person. Were typically wrong.”（然而，我们大多数人拒绝和不认识或几乎不认识的人交谈。我们担心如何开始话题、继续话题或停止话题。我们认为我们会继续谈论，披露太多，或者话说得不够。我们怕会使对方厌烦。我们通常是错的。）可知，文章提出了人们与陌生人交际的焦虑，第四段Sandstrom的研究也表明与陌生人交流能带来好处，所以提到Sandstrom的研究目的是为了减轻人们与陌生人的交际焦虑。故选D项。【68题详解】推理判断题。本
129、句意为“你甚至不必和陌生人交谈就能得到好处。”，换句话说，就是“你和认识的人的交流也能获得好处。”由第五段第一句“Multiple studies show that people who interact regularly with passing acquaintances or who engage with others through community groups, religious gatherings, or volunteer opportunities have better emotional and physical health and live longer
130、than those who do not.”（多项研究表明，经常与过往熟人互动或通过社区团体、宗教集会或志愿者机会与他人交往的人，其情绪和身体健康状况更好，寿命也比不经常交往的人更长。），可知与社区邻居、教友等熟人交流能够带来身心健康的好处，所以此句话应放在处，承接下文，符合语境。故选C项。【69题详解】推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Hey, this is a little bumpy, but we will be on the ground safely soon,” she told me. She looked so encouraging, and confident.”（“嘿，
131、这有点颠簸，但我们很快就会安全着陆，”她告诉我。她看上去是那么鼓舞人心，那么自信。） 和“Im a retired physical education teacher, and I coached womens volleyball,” she said. Immediately, I could see what an awesome coach she must have been.”（她说：“我是一名退休的体育教师，曾执教过女排。很快，我就知道她一定是个很棒的教练。），由此判断出作者对苏激励他人的能力印象深刻。故选A项。【70题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“I have to ad
132、mit that I was just as scared as you were but did not say it,” Sue wrote.”（“我不得不承认，我和你一样害怕，但没有说出来，”苏写道。），可推断出作者看到苏写的，可能会感到惊讶。故选B项。第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。Orchids SecretOrchids (兰花) are some of the most rare and delicate s
133、pecies in all of nature. For hundreds of years orchids have been prized discoveries of collectors and adventurers hoping to find new and diverse kinds of the flower. “Orchid hunters” went looking for the mysterious orchids and brought back new types to sell. However, many of them met with tragedy in
134、stead. Dozens of hunters were killed by accidents or diseases or murder. Others became food for horrible creatures.While the plants have long been valued for their beauty, they may be even more important to science and our understanding of co-evolution. Unlike plants that can self-pollinate (自我授粉),
135、orchids need very specific insects or birds to spread their pollen. The process by which insects, the wind, or birds spread the pollen of different flowers is called pollination. Pollen is a powder produced by plants that contains their genetic material. In order for the plants to reproduce, the pol
136、len must be physically moved to the flowers stigma (花的柱头), which contains an egg. Now the fertilized egg can become a seed. Birds and insects can pollinate plants by touching many different flowers and spreading the pollen around.Orchids evolved to attract insects and birds. Because there are many d
137、ifferent species of orchid, there are also many different ways the orchids attract their pollinators. Orlean explains that “many species look so much like their favorite insects that an insect mistakes them for its relatives, and when it lands on the flower to visit, pollen sticks to its body. Anoth
138、er orchid imitates the shape of something that a pollinating insect likes to kill Other species look like the mate of their pollinator, so the bug tries to mate with one orchid and then another and spreads pollen from flower to flower each hopeless time.”Other orchids dont use their shape at all, bu
139、t rather produce specialized smells to attract specific insects, such as bees, beetles or flies. Some orchids smell like cake, some like chocolate, and some like rotting meat. All these smells may seem weird, but they exist to attract creatures to their pollen and help the orchids survive.Orchids pr
140、ovide new angles for the research into plant and animal evolution on the earth. The strategies to attract insects and spread their flowers pollen go on and on. Each family of orchids has a unique kind of insect or bird that visits their flowers, as well as its own way of attracting them. It has work
141、ed, too. Orchid species number more than 25,000 worldwide, which is more kinds of species than any other flower on the planet, and new ones are still being found.Orchids and the insects that pollinate them are one of the most amazing examples of evolution. By tricking the insects that collect its po
142、llen, the orchid has survived since the time of the dinosaurs.Main pointsSupporting detailsOrchids are rare and delicate. Orchid hunters consider their discovery of great _71_. Many orchid hunters _72_ their lives for special orchids.Different types of orchids have different ways to spread pollen.Po
143、llination is a process where the pollen, containing the genetic material of the plant, is carried to the stigma of the flower, so that the plant can _73_. Some species attract insects to land on their flowers with _74_ appearances to the insects. Some species _75_ what their pollinating insects want
144、 to kill. Some species _76_ their pollinator into mating with them so that the bugs can spread the pollen from flower to flower. _77_ than use their shape, other species produce special smells to attract specific pollinators.The importance of the _78_ of orchids is great to scientific research.Orchi
145、ds and the insects that pollinate them are one of the most amazing examples. Orchids have the _79_ number of types among flowers on the planet. Nature has witnessed the _80_ of orchids since the time of the dinosaurs.【答案】71. value/ importance/ significance 72. risked/ sacrificed/ lost 73. reproduce
146、74. similar 75. resemble/ imitate 76. cheat/ trick/ fool 77. Rather 78. evolution/ co-evolution 79. greatest/ largest/ biggest 80. survival/ existence【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，兰花通过进化，以不同的形式来吸引昆虫和鸟类传授花粉。兰花的进化对于科学研究很重要。【71题详解】信息捕捉和词性转换题。由第一段的For hundreds of years orchids have been prized discoveries of collec
147、tors and adventurers hoping to find new and diverse kinds of the flower.（数百年来，兰花一直是收藏家和冒险家们的珍贵发现，他们希望能找到各种各样的兰花。），prized discoveries意为“珍贵的/有价值的发现”，在本句中形容词prized的词义要用名词形式表示。故填value/ importance/ significance。【72题详解】信息转换题。由第一段的最后两句Dozens of hunters were killed by accidents or diseases or murder. Others
148、 became food for horrible creatures.（数十名兰花猎人死于意外、疾病或谋杀。其他的变成了可怕生物的食物。），可知猎人是冒着生命危险/牺牲生命去找兰花。故填risked/ sacrificed/ lost。【73题详解】信息捕捉题。由第二段的In order for the plants to reproduce, the pollen must be physically moved to the flowers stigma (花的柱头), which contains an egg.（为了让植物繁殖，花粉必须在身体上移动到花的柱头上，柱头上有一个卵子。），
149、可知此处填reproduce。故填reproduce。【74题详解】词义转换题。由第三段的many species look so much like their favorite insects that an insect mistakes them for its relatives（许多兰花品种看起来非常像它们最喜欢的昆虫），可知兰花用与昆虫相似的外表吸引昆虫，本句中的like可用similar替换。故填similar。【75题详解】词义转换和信息捕捉题。由第三段的Another orchid imitates the shape of something that a pollina
150、ting insect likes to kill（另一种兰花模仿某种昆虫喜欢杀死的东西的形状），本句中的imitate可用resemble/ imitate替换。故填resemble/ imitate。【76题详解】信息整合题。由第三段的Other species look like the mate of their pollinator, so the bug tries to mate with one orchid and then another and spreads pollen from flower to flower each hopeless time.（其他兰花品种看
151、起来像是它们的授粉者的配偶，因此这种昆虫试图与一种兰花交配，然后又与另一种兰花交配并在每一个绝望的时候把花粉从一朵花传播到另一朵花。），可知有些兰花品种（用像是它们的授粉者配偶的外表）欺骗授粉者与它们交配，此处意指“欺骗/愚弄”。故填cheat/ trick/ fool。【77题详解】信息转换题。由第四段第一句Other orchids dont use their shape at all, but rather produce specialized smells to attract specific insects, such as bees, beetles or flies.（其他
152、的兰花根本不使用它们的形状，而是产生特殊的气味来吸引特定的昆虫，如蜜蜂、甲虫或苍蝇。），此处意指“而不是”，本句中的but可用Rather than替换。故填Rather。【78题详解】信息捕捉题。由第二段的While the plants have long been valued for their beauty, they may be even more important to science and our understanding of co-evolution.（虽然这些植物长期以来都以其美丽而受到重视，但它们对科学和我们对共同进化的理解可能更为重要。），可知此处填evolu
153、tion/ co-evolution。故填evolution/ co-evolution。【79题详解】信息转换题。由倒数第二段的Orchid species number more than 25,000 worldwide, which is more kinds of species than any other flower on the planet, and new ones are still being found.（世界范围内兰花的种类超过25000种，比地球上任何一种花都要多，新的兰花还在不断地被发现。），可知兰花有最多的/最大的种类数量，此处意指“最多的/最大的”。故填g
154、reatest/ largest/ biggest。【80题详解】信息捕捉和词性转换题。由最后一段的By tricking the insects that collect its pollen, the orchid has survived since the time of the dinosaurs.（通过欺骗收集花粉的昆虫，兰花从恐龙时代就存活了下来。）可知，本句中的survive可用名词survival/ existence替换。故填survival/ existence。第五部分: 书面表达(满分25 分)81.请阅读下面文字, 并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。“The
155、 National College Entrance Examination will be postponed for a month to July 7 and 8 due to the novel coronavirus outbreak,” the Ministry of Education said.Wang Hui, director of the ministrys Department of College Students Affairs, said the postponement is mainly to ensure students safety and the fa
156、irness of the exam. More than 10.7 million students have signed up to participate in this years Gaokao, up by 400,000 from last year, Wang said at a news conference.“Gaokao concerns tens of millions of students, and the ministry must adopt the most cautious plan with the least amount of risk to prot
157、ect their safety as well as that of the teachers.”Although senior high school students took online courses during the epidemic, many rural students who lacked Internet access felt disadvantaged, so the delay is to ensure they will have more time to prepare for the exam at school, he said.Chinese peo
158、ple often compare the highly competitive exam to “crossing a narrow bridge”, since for many students, especially those from rural areas, enrollment at a good university is a difficult but worthwhile challenge that could shape their future.【写作内容】1.用约30个单词概述上述信息主要内容；2.用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括:(1)结合上述信息，分析高
159、考延期的主要原因(不少于两点)；(2)面对高考延期，作为高三学生，你应该如何正确应对？【写作要求】1. 阐述观点或提供论据时, 不能直接引用原文语句；2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3. 不必写标题。【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。_【答案】To guarantee the life security of students and teachers and maintain educational equality, China has pushed its highly influential Gaokao back by one month, which is
160、 scheduled for July 7 and 8.The factors accounting for the delay can be summarized as follows. Firstly, though the domestic epidemic has been brought under control, there still exist the risks of regional and imported outbreaks. Furthermore, compared to their peers in urban areas, the students in re
161、mote and rural areas with poor accessibility to the Internet are at a disadvantage. Hence, the delay affords them more time studying at school in preparation for the crucial examination.As a student of Senior Three, I think that not only is the one-month postponement a challenge but it is also a gol
162、den chance to work on my weaknesses. Meanwhile, I am bound to adjust my mindset and reschedule my study plan timely, in which way I throw myself into chasing my college dream.【解析】【分析】本文属于读写任务。【详解】第一，要求考生归纳短文大意，提炼出讨论的中心思想；第二，要求考生就所给出的一段材料按要求写一篇作文。首先，在归纳短文大意时，注意用人称和时态，用第三人称和现在的时态（现在完成时和一般现在时），在30字之内。其
163、次，在写作时注意题目要求。1.阐述观点或提供论据时, 不能直接引用原文语句；2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3. 不必写标题。最后，这篇写作属于议论文，可以使用第一人称和一般现在时。议论文是比较容易的文体，提出一个主题，对这个主题展开讨论。对于这类文体宜采用三段式文章，第一段首先确定主题，而在这篇文章中主题已经给出，只需要对题目中所给出的段落进行概括总结；第二段可以结合文章的提示分析你认为高考延期的主要原因，并用论据对其进行说明；第三段表达自己对于如何正确应对高考延期的观点即可。中间需要运用上表起承转合的连词、定语从句、状语从句、非谓语结构等语法现象使文章富有深度、句式多变。此题目中要
164、点给出来的并不多，需要考生头脑风暴，自由发挥，罗列要点，使文章充实起来，组成一篇通顺连贯的短文。需要注意紧扣文章主题，同时在写作时要注意使用高级的词汇与高级的句型，（不要遗漏任何的要点）使用合适的连接词来连接整个文章，使文章更有条理性。【点睛】本文用了Firstly，Furthermore，Hence和Meanwhile等衔接词，使得文章结构紧凑，层次分明；文中第二段第一句“The factors accounting for the delay can be summarized as follows.”，精简的句式，开门见山，让读者眼前一亮。而文中也使用了大量的从句和短语，从句如第一段中的which is scheduled for July 7 and 8这句话用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，如第二段中的though the domestic epidemic has been brought under control这句话用了though引导的让步状语从句，短语有educational equality，be scheduled for，account for，(be) compared to和be bound to等，都为文章增色不少。
